CN100374243C

CN100374243C - Laser-auxiliary cutting device

Info

Publication number: CN100374243C
Application number: CNB2005100020862A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴进发; 古有彬
Original assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
Current assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
Priority date: 2005-01-14
Filing date: 2005-01-14
Publication date: 2008-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2025-01-14
Also published as: CN1803392A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laser-auxiliary cutting device. A laser focusing mirror is installed on a cutter seat, wherein the laser focusing mirror is connected to a laser generator by optical fiber; the front end of a lens is provided with a protecting cover provided with a port; a gas inlet of high-pressure gas is arranged on one side of the protecting cover; when thermoplastic materials are jet from the port of the protecting cover by a laser beam, the high-pressure gas is jet from the port of the protecting cover. Therefore, the port of the protecting cover of the laser focusing mirror is used for jetting the laser beam and the high-pressure gas; the strength of cutting materials can be lowered, and cutting swarf on the materials can be removed by jetting so as to avoid the swarf shading into the laser beam; the swarf is prevented from splashing and damaging the lens; therefore, the cutting efficiency is improved, and the focusing mirror is effectively protected.

Description

Laser-auxiliary cutting device

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of on laser condensing lens installing one guard shield of outgoing laser beam and ejection gases at high pressure simultaneously, to improve stock-removing efficiency, prevent that smear metal from covering the laser beam and the effective laser-auxiliary cutting device of protection focus lamp.

Background technology

Cut in the processing procedure in not free machining material (as pottery, glass, nickel based super alloy etc.) at present, cutter can produce serious abrasion, and the surface accuracy of processing is not good; With the ceramic material is example, the processing mode that its processing is at present used, attrition process, ultrasonic processing, Laser Processing, discharge processing, ion beam processing etc. are arranged, though these processing modes respectively have pluses and minuses, all can't obtain the preferable rate that removes, with regard to regard to attrition process, its cost of processing accounts for 70%～80% of ceramic component totle drilling cost also, therefore ceramic component carries out attrition process, and it is time-consuming to be still consumption power, can't reduce manufacturing cost; Yet, three material of pottery behind metal, plastics, it is with hear resistance, corrosion resistance and hard, these all belong to the characteristic of high-tech material necessity, therefore pottery also will be the new demand of cyberage, the assembly that with the pottery is material will be grown up fast, so the more high efficiency processing mode of development will be a primary problem at present.

For this reason, the inventor has proposed " laser-auxiliary cutting device " in state's Taiwan patent application 92136646, see also Fig. 1, Fig. 2, this ceramic workpiece 1 is installed on the chuck of toolroom machine (for example cutting element such as fine turning lathe or milling machine machine), and cutting tool 2 is installed on the base of tool 3 of side, one laser head 4 is installed on the base of tool 3, and be positioned at the side of cutting tool 2, and the laser beam adjustment is focused to cutting tool 2 edge of a knife dead aheads (being thermal treatment zone E), be equiped with smear metal spray in addition on the base of tool 3 and remove device 5, its injection fluid with high pressure (as gas or liquid) spray removes smear metal, prevent that smear metal from covering laser beam, utilize laser beam transient heating before cutting knife-edge softening, that is the cutting mechanism of " instant heating is promptly cut, and instantaneous heat is (little part) thereunto, just switches to there (little part); heat is not accumulated ", can reduce the intensity of cutting material; Because the high-temperature machining and the frictional heat between cutting tool 2 and workpiece of laser beam focusing place still can heat conduct on the cutting tool 2, make cutting tool 2 accumulation heats and the temperature that raises gradually, with CBN (boron nitride) cutting tool is example, when temperature surpasses 1470 ℃, the crystallization of boron nitride transfers hexahedron to by cube, intensity will significantly reduce, and the service life of shortening cutter, therefore, this topping machanism is the installing one cooling spray apparatus 6 that can spray as cryogens such as frozen gas or liquid inert gas on the base of tool 3 in addition, make the point of a knife temperature can remain in the comfort zone, use effective raising stock-removing efficiency and surface accuracy.

Because this device is installed in laser head 4 and smear metal spray on the base of tool 3 except that device 5, when laser head 4 is excessive or long, not only very difficulty directly is installed on the base of tool 3, even and if when being installed on the base of tool 3 reluctantly, also will badly influence the configuration that the smear metal spray removes device 5 or cooling spray apparatus 6 on the base of tool 3, therefore the fit in reality can produce the problem that is difficult for configuration; In addition, the smear metal spray removes device 5 and mainly sprays the smear metal that removes on the cutting material with the injection fluid of high pressure, cover laser beam to prevent smear metal, but it can't prevent that also laser head 4 is subjected to the injury of splashing of smear metal, therefore very easily causes the damage of laser head 4.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of laser-auxiliary cutting device, it installs a laser condensing lens on the base of tool, this laser condensing lens is connected to a laser generator that is positioned over the appropriate location with optical fiber, utilize the conduction of optical fiber, laser beam can be conducted to laser condensing lens, by the focusing of laser condensing lens, laser beam is penetrated, again with the thermoplastic cutting material; Thus, utilize the light beam conduction of laser condensing lens, not only can reduce the intensity of cutting material, and can smaller volume and be easy to install on the base of tool, and then be easy to the configuration assembling.

Of the present invention time a purpose provides a kind of laser-auxiliary cutting device, it installs a laser condensing lens on the base of tool, establish a guard shield with port in the camera lens front end, and be provided with the inlet of high-pressure fluid in this guard shield one side, and can be when laser beam penetrates the thermoplastic material by the guard shield port, in guard shield port ejection high-pressure fluid; Thus, utilize the guard shield port outgoing laser beam and the ejection high-pressure fluid of laser condensing lens, not only can spray, cover laser beam to avoid smear metal, and can prevent that camera lens is subjected to the injury of splashing of smear metal, and then effectively protect focus lamp except that the smear metal on the cutting material.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of laser-auxiliary cutting device, it installs a cooling spray apparatus that can spray as cryogens such as frozen gas or liquid inert gas on the base of tool, to reduce point of a knife because of high-temperature machining and high temperature that frictional heat was produced, and then make the point of a knife temperature maintenance in comfort zone, to guarantee the rigidity of cutting tool, reach effective raising stock-removing efficiency and surface accuracy, have the double benefit that prolongs cutter life simultaneously concurrently.

Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of laser-auxiliary cutting device, it is in the inner installing of cutting tool liquid circulation stream, circulate for cryogen, to reduce point of a knife because of high-temperature machining and high temperature that frictional heat was produced, and then make the point of a knife temperature maintenance in comfort zone, to guarantee the rigidity of cutting tool, reach effective raising stock-removing efficiency and surface accuracy, have the double benefit that prolongs cutter life simultaneously concurrently.

Be convenient to understand the present invention for having made, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the configuration schematic diagram of TaiWan, China application 92136646;

Fig. 2 is the cutting schematic diagram of TaiWan, China application 92136646;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the present invention disposes;

Fig. 4 is the schematic appearance of laser condensing lens of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is one of cutting illustrative view of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is two of a cutting illustrative view of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of another configuration of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the another configuration of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1 ceramic workpiece; 2 cutting tools; 3 base of tools; 4 laser heads; 5 smear metals spray removes device; 6 cooling spray apparatus; 10 workpiece; 11 cutting tools; 12 base of tools; 13 digital thermometers; 14 system controllers; 15 laser condensing lens; 16 optical fiber; 17 laser generators; 18 guard shields; 181 ports; 182 inlets; 183 pipelines; 19 cooling spray apparatus; 20 liquid circulation streams; 21 refrigerators.

The specific embodiment

See also Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, workpiece 10 of the present invention (as pottery) is installed on the chuck of toolroom machine, cutting tool 11 then is installed on the base of tool 12 of side, but auxiliary digital thermometer 12 in the hilt of this cutting tool 11, with digital thermometer 13 on-line monitoring point of a knife temperature, and be fed back to system controller 14 in real time, when if generation point of a knife temperature is too high, promptly carry out the auto-control of laser parameter through system controller 14, to change laser to the material heating temperature, the point of a knife temperature is remained in the comfort zone, to guarantee the service life of cutting tool 11; In addition; be equiped with a laser condensing lens 15 on the base of tool 12; this laser condensing lens 15 is connected to a laser generator 17 that is positioned over the appropriate location with optical fiber 16; utilize the conduction of optical fiber 16; the laser beam of laser generator 17 can be conducted to laser condensing lens 15; pass through the focusing of laser condensing lens 15 again; and can penetrate in laser beam; with the thermoplastic cutting material; utilize the light beam conduction of laser condensing lens 15; promptly can smaller volume and be easy to install on the base of tool 12; the front end of laser condensing lens 15 installing one has the guard shield 18 of port one 81 in addition; laser beam can be penetrated by the port one 81 of guard shield 18 to workpiece 10; with the thermoplastic material; other guard shield 18 1 sides are provided with high-pressure fluid, and (this high-pressure fluid can be gases at high pressure; inert gas or highly pressurised liquid) inlet 182; with the pipeline 183 that connects a high-pressure fluid; make high-pressure fluid can feed in the guard shield 18; and be ejected on the workpiece 10 by the port one 81 of guard shield 18; to spray the smear metal that removes on the cutting material; because guard shield port one 81 is simultaneously in same axial outgoing laser beam and ejection high-pressure spray; therefore high-pressure fluid not only can spray except that the smear metal on the cutting material; cover laser beam to avoid smear metal; and can prevent that camera lens is subjected to the injury of splashing of smear metal, and effectively protect laser condensing lens 15.

See also Fig. 3, Fig. 5, when workpiece 10 begins to cut, promptly activate laser generator 17, make laser beam conduct to laser condensing lens 15, pass through the focusing of laser condensing lens 15 again, port one 81 by guard shield 18 is radiated at place, edge of a knife dead ahead with the laser beam ejaculation, and the material that makes this place is softener material F, and import high-pressure fluid simultaneously to guard shield 18, and be ejected on the workpiece 10 by the port one 81 of guard shield 18, therefore high-pressure fluid can spray except that the smear metal on the cutting material, covers laser beam to avoid smear metal, and can prevent that camera lens is subjected to the injury of splashing of smear metal; See also Fig. 3, Fig. 6, cutting tool 11 is a feeding incision workpiece 10, the preceding hot mastication material F of the edge of a knife directly is cut to be peeled off, because hot mastication material F is softened by transient heating, and then can significantly reduce cutting resistance, make cutting tool 11 can improve cutting speed and cutting precision, after finishing cutting, close laser generator 17, promptly finish laser-assisted cutting operation; Because when cutting, this cutting tool 11 directly contacts hot mastication material sections F, in the process of high-speed cutting, the frictional heat that the high-temperature machining of laser focusing place and cutting tool 11 and workpiece are 10 can heat conduct on the cutting tool 11, and make cutting tool 11 temperature that raises gradually, in order to prevent cutting tool 11 to produce the too high situation of temperature, cause cutting tool 11 to damage in advance, digital thermometer 12 in cutting tool 11 hilts of the present invention, the point of a knife temperature of cutting tool 11 can be fed back to system controller 14 in real time, carry out the auto-control of laser parameter through system controller 14, to change laser, the point of a knife temperature is remained in the comfort zone to the material heating temperature.

See also Fig. 7, owing to making the point of a knife temperature remain on mode in the comfort zone to revise parameters of laser beam, meeting that may be relative reduces the material heating temperature, and the cutting resistance of increase cutting tool 11, therefore, the present invention is the installing one cooling spray apparatus 19 that can spray as cryogens such as frozen gas or liquid inert gas on the base of tool 12 in addition, and when cutting tool 11 cuts, carry out the lasting sprinkling of cryogen with 19 pairs of cutting tool 11 appropriate locations of cooling spray apparatus, can directly cool off the point of a knife temperature of cutting tool 11, and then make point of a knife temperature maintenance (must not above 1470 ℃) in comfort zone, to guarantee the rigidity of cutting tool 11, again for fear of cutting tool 11 in cooling procedure, because of the influence of other factors causes the uncertain of cooling effect, the present invention also can install digital thermometer 13 in the hilt of cutting tool 11, with digital thermometer 13 on-line monitoring point of a knife temperature, and be fed back to system controller 14 in real time, when if the generation cutter can't be cooled to thermophilic with cryogen, promptly carry out the auto-control of laser parameter through system controller 14, change laser to the material heating temperature, the point of a knife temperature is remained in the comfort zone, guaranteeing the service life of cutting tool 11, and then the auxiliary defence line, second road that the cutter cooling is provided; In addition, because cooling spray apparatus 19 sprays cryogen, when therefore spraying the cryogen of high pressure, also can do spray simultaneously and remove smear metal and cooling cutting tool, and have the effect that the smear metal spray removes concurrently.

See also Fig. 8, the present invention also can be provided with liquid circulation stream 20 in the inside of cutting tool 11, this liquid circulation stream 20 is connected to a refrigerator 21, and can utilize the liquid circulation stream 20 of cutting tool 11 inside, cool off cutting tool 11 indirectly with cryogen, the temperature maintenance that makes point of a knife guaranteeing the rigidity of cutting tool 11, and then effectively prolongs the service life of cutting tool 11 in comfort zone; Simultaneously, for fear of cutting tool 11 in cooling procedure, because of the influence of other factors causes the uncertain of cooling effect, the present invention can install digital thermometer 13 in the hilt of cutting tool 11, with digital thermometer 13 on-line monitoring point of a knife temperature, and be fed back to system controller 14 in real time, when if the generation cutter can't be cooled to thermophilic, promptly carry out the auto-control of laser parameter through system controller 14, change laser to the material heating temperature, the point of a knife temperature is remained in the comfort zone, guaranteeing the service life of cutting tool 11, and then the auxiliary defence line, second road that the cutter cooling is provided.

Claims

1. laser-auxiliary cutting device comprises:

The base of tool;

Cutting tool is installed on the base of tool;

Laser condensing lens is installed on the base of tool, connects laser generator with optical fiber, so that laser beam focuses on the thermoplastic material;

Guard shield is installed on the laser condensing lens, is provided with the inlet that a port and can feed high-pressure fluid, makes port penetrate laser beam and ejection high-pressure fluid.

2. according to the described laser-auxiliary cutting device of claim 1, wherein, be installed in laser condensing lens and cutting tool synchro-feed on the base of tool, with the thermoplastic material.

3. according to the described laser-auxiliary cutting device of claim 1, wherein, the high-pressure fluid that feeds in the guard shield is gases at high pressure or highly pressurised liquid.

4. according to the described laser-auxiliary cutting device of claim 3, wherein, the gases at high pressure in this feeding guard shield are inert gases.

5. according to the described laser-auxiliary cutting device of claim 1, wherein, the auxiliary digital thermometer that is provided with in the hilt of this cutting tool, with monitoring point of a knife temperature, and receive the point of a knife temperature of digital thermometer feedback with a system controller, thereby carry out the auto-control of laser parameter, to revise laser beam to the material heating temperature.

6. according to the described laser-auxiliary cutting device of claim 1, wherein, on the base of tool, also be equiped with the cooling spray apparatus, with the fluid spray cutting tool of low temperature.

7. according to the described laser-auxiliary cutting device of claim 6, wherein, the cryogen that this cooling spray apparatus sprays is frozen gas or liquid inert gas.

8. according to the described laser-auxiliary cutting device of claim 1, wherein, also be provided with the liquid circulation stream, circulate for cryogen in the inside of cutting tool.

9. according to the described laser-auxiliary cutting device of claim 8, wherein, this liquid circulation stream connects a refrigerator.