Background technology
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, BPH) be the elderly men commonly encountered diseases, be the most commonly encountered diseases that causes male's dysuria because of, sickness rate increased with the age, the person had 50% in 60 years old, the person then had old people's histological examination discovery prostatic hyperplasia of 88% in 80 years old, and wherein part can develop into the BPH of clinical symptoms.Prostatic hyperplasia can cause bladder neck obstruction, influences the normal function of urinary system, produces dysuria in various degree, finally causes bladder and nephropathy, causes renal function injury, and patient's quality of life is had a strong impact on.
Alfuzosin hydrochloride also is a quinazoline derivant, is selectivity α
1Receptor blocking agent has the following advantages:
1, to the α of urogenital tract
1-receptor-selective is strong
In the model, alfuzosin hydrochloride is compared with terazosin with prazosin, to urogenital tract α in animal body
1-receptor has more selectivity, to can obviously reducing urethral resistance under blood pressure and the heart rate function minimum doses.
2, rapid-action, clinical efficacy is lasting
Alfuzosin hydrochloride can improve urine flow rate and relief of symptoms fast.Qmax significantly improves in the single oral alfuzosin hydrochloride 2.5mg, 1.5h.Long term administration (≤30 months) can be kept curative effect, and curative effect is suitable with the alpha 1-receptor antagonist prazosin.
3, side effect is little
7.5~10mg/ days 30 months clinical trial of oral hydrochloride alfuzosin shows that the side effect incidence rate of alfuzosin hydrochloride is similar to placebo, and the side effect incidence rate relevant with vasodilation is lower than prazosin.
Have so good effect and very low untoward reaction though alfuzosin is used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, can common tablet and slow releasing tablet only be arranged for the dosage form of clinical use.
Because the morbidity patient of benign prostatic hyperplasia mostly is the gerontal patient, and sickness rate increases with the increase at age, nearly all can find histology's evidence of prostatic hyperplasia greater than 80 years old elderly men, have a lot of old peoples' benign prostatic hyperplasia to show certain clinical symptoms.Thereby for a lot of gerontal patients, the oral tablet of alfuzosin may exist takes situation of difficult, and inconvenient patient takes.Ordinary tablet and slow releasing tablet that alfuzosin is arranged on the market now.Test shows to the pharmacokinetics of alfuzosin, is 64% to healthy volunteer's oral administration biaavailability, in clinical application reality, take the patient and be the old people, and the old people is along with the increase at age, and the gastrointestinal absorption function descends, and its bioavailability may be lower.Therefore, from a kind of new formulation that can improve gerontal patient's bioavailability of angle exploitation of pharmaceutics, be necessary.Developing the medicine of multiple good effect, rapid-action, taking convenience for vast Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy, is the objective of the struggle of pharmacy corporation, also meets the interests of extensive patients.
In addition, old people's gastrointestinal absorption function and hepatic and renal function individual variation are bigger, carry out the individuation of medication, to under the prerequisite of the drug effect of effectively bringing into play alfuzosin hydrochloride, the toxicity untoward reaction that causes because of blood drug level is too high that farthest reduces alfuzosin hydrochloride has great significance.But the individuation of medication is difficult to carry out with being difficult to popularize because of the loaded down with trivial details of determination of plasma concentration in clinical practice.Alfuzosin hydrochloride can produce serious postural hypotension under the too high situation of blood drug level, carry out the adjusting of dosage and administration time according to the situation of clinical symptoms and untoward reaction, a kind of effective and efficient manner of can yet be regarded as.
Alfuzosin hydrochloride obtained Germany and United States Patent (USP) in 1979, the patent No. is Ger.Pat.2, and 904,445 and U.S.Pat.4315,007.China was in import alfuzosin hydrochloride slow releasing tablet (5mg) in 2000, and commodity are called Sang Ta, and registration certificate number is X20000454.Lunan Pharmacy Co. Ltd's company limited obtained the New Drug Certificate of alfuzosin hydrochloride raw material and tablet (2.5mg) in 2003, authentication code is respectively: H20030065 and H20030066.Adult's common dose is one time 1 (2.5mg), and 3 times on the one, gerontal patient's initial dose morning and evening every day each 1 (2.5mg) increases to one at most 4 (10mg).
Summary of the invention
As previously mentioned, alfuzosin has rapid-action advantage, behind the conventional tablet 2.5mg of oral alfuzosin, can significantly improve the peak urinary flow rate rate in 1.5 hours, obviously improves prostatic hyperplasia patient's dysuria symptom.It is 3.19 ± 0.60h that the blood plasma of young healthy volunteer's single oral this product 5mg is eliminated the half-life.It is mainly through liver metabolism, only have 11% with the original shape medicament forms by renal excretion.Therefore prior art thinks that the conventional tablet of alfuzosin can reach the rapid purpose of improving symptom, do not develop the necessity and the leeway of quick-acting dosage forms, and its half-life is shorter relatively, and can prepare becomes slow releasing preparation and take number of times with minimizing.Thereby alfuzosin from succeed in developing over more than 20 year, have only minority dosage forms such as common tablet and slow releasing tablet to use clinically, the dosage form of dispersible tablet is not developed.
The present invention is according to the actual needs of old Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy drug usage individuation, overcome above-mentioned prior art prejudice, developed the dispersible tablet of alfuzosin, reached Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy curative effect purpose more rapidly, in addition, the present invention also has following advantage:
1. the common tablet of alfuzosin has side effect of digestive tract such as nauseating, stomachache and diarrhoea, tablet formulation of the present invention has further improved the principal agent dissolubility, promptly meet water and can form even viscosity suspension rapidly, can be dispersed into granule in the rapid disintegrate of gastrointestinal tract, the medicine distribution area is increased, absorption point increases, avoid ordinary preparation too high in the gastrointestinal tract local drug concentration, shortcomings such as stimulating gastrointestinal mucosa have reduced untoward reaction, have improved the compliance of patient's medication greatly.
2. to the patient of gerontal patient and dysphagia, can in water, disperse back and fruit juice, milk and clothes.
3. production technology of the present invention is simple, uses the conventional tablet production equipment and can produce.
4. the Production and Packaging cost of existing tablet is low, transports, stores advantage easily, has the taking convenience of liquid preparation again, the characteristics that bioavailability is high.Dispersion that the present invention is good and dissolving out capability have more practical significance to the gerontal patient that gastrointestinal function descends.
5. alfuzosin hydrochloride is in vivo mainly through liver metabolism, on a small quantity with the form of prototype through renal excretion, gerontal patient's hepatic and renal function descends, the half-life of alfuzosin is significant prolongation therefore, compare with the slow releasing tablet of alfuzosin, after dispersible tablet of alfuzosin of the present invention is regulated the medication number of times according to clinical symptoms, can not produce the body accumulation of alfuzosin, avoid the generation of serious adverse reactions such as postural hypotension.
Technical scheme
Alfuzosin hydrochloride dosage form of the present invention is a tablet formulation, and principal agent composition alfuzosin hydrochloride amount is optimized for 0.1~100mg, more is optimized for 1~50mg, and optimum turns to 2.5mg.
Disintegrating agent is the tablet formulation disintegrating agent commonly used of preparation tablet formulation, and the content of disintegrating agent is optimized for 1~80% among the present invention, more is optimized for 5~20%.
Through a large amount of experimentatioies, determined the final technology preparation of dispersible tablet of alfuzosin hydrochloride, and confirmed that in animal experiment the present invention really has above-mentioned advantage.In test, we have selected multiple medicinal disintegrating agent with disintegration properties to compare, and find that not all disintegrating agent that can be used for dispersible tablet can both be applied to the present invention.The technical barrier that the present invention solves, also be technical characterictic is the selection to disintegrating agent, finally selected disintegrating agent and be in the disintegrating agents such as starch, pregelatinized Starch, carboxymethyl starch sodium, hydroxypropyl cellulose, crospolyvinylpyrrolidone, cross-linking sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl starch, carboxymethylcellulose calcium, sodium alginate, hydroxy acid cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methacrylic acid, divinylbenzene copolyesters, IRP-88, guar gum, Herba Xanthii glue, glucosan, carboxymethylcellulose calcium one or more.
In research process, investigated the preparation technology of dispersible tablet of alfuzosin hydrochloride, determined that its preparation technology is pharmaceutically useful auxiliary additive and the crospolyvinylpyrrolidone mix homogeneously that takes by weighing recipe quantity, then with the alfuzosin hydrochloride of recipe quantity and its by the equivalent method mixing that progressively increases, get a uniform mixing powder, granulate and dry back adding recipe quantity lubricant mixing tabletting or directly in above-mentioned mixed powder, add recipe quantity lubricant mixing tabletting, promptly.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment (recipe quantity is 1000):
Eight kinds of concrete prescriptions:
Prescription A:
Alfuzosin hydrochloride 0.1g
Microcrystalline Cellulose (filler) 48g
Carboxymethyl starch sodium (disintegrating agent) 0.5g
Magnesium stearate (lubricant) 0.9g
Micropowder silica gel (fluidizer) 0.5g
Preparation technology: principal agent is crossed 120 mesh sieves, and filler, disintegrating agent are crossed 100 mesh sieves, takes by weighing filler, the disintegrating agent mix homogeneously of recipe quantity, then with the principal agent of recipe quantity and its by the equivalent method mixing that progressively increases, add the recipe quantity lubricant, mixing, tabletting are promptly.Dispersible tablet is limited to 3.0min when disperseing.
Prescription B:
Alfuzosin hydrochloride 1g
Microcrystalline Cellulose (filler) 80g
Hydroxypropyl cellulose (disintegrating agent) 3g
2%PVP
K30Ethanol solution (binding agent) 30g
Magnesium stearate (lubricant) 0.8g
Preparation technology: principal agent is crossed 120 mesh sieves, and filler, disintegrating agent are crossed 100 mesh sieves, takes by weighing filler, the disintegrating agent mix homogeneously of recipe quantity, then with the principal agent of recipe quantity and its by the equivalent method mixing that progressively increases, add binding agent and granulate in right amount, dry back adds recipe quantity lubricant mixing, and tabletting promptly.Dispersible tablet is limited to 2.8min when disperseing.
Prescription C:
Alfuzosin hydrochloride 2.5g
Microcrystalline Cellulose (filler) 90g
Crospolyvinylpyrrolidone (disintegrating agent) 5g
5% starch slurry (binding agent) 40g
Magnesium stearate (lubricant) 0.5g
Preparation technology is with prescription B.Dispersible tablet is limited to 2.5min when disperseing.
Prescription D:
Alfuzosin hydrochloride 10g
Microcrystalline Cellulose (filler) 78g
Crospolyvinylpyrrolidone (disintegrating agent) 10g
2%PVP
K30Aqueous solution (binding agent) 50g
Magnesium stearate (lubricant) 1g
Preparation technology: principal agent is crossed 120 mesh sieves, and filler, disintegrating agent are crossed 100 mesh sieves, takes by weighing principal agent, filler, the disintegrating agent mix homogeneously of recipe quantity, adds binding agent and granulates in right amount, and dry back adds recipe quantity lubricant mixing, and tabletting promptly.Dispersible tablet is limited to 2.0min when disperseing.
Prescription E:
Alfuzosin hydrochloride 30g
Lactose (filler) 48g
Carboxymethyl starch sodium (disintegrating agent) 20g
2%PVP
K30Aqueous solution (binding agent) 50g
Magnesium stearate (lubricant) 1g
Preparation technology is with prescription D.Dispersible tablet is limited to 2.2min. when disperseing
Prescription F:
Alfuzosin hydrochloride 50g
Lactose (filler) 34g
Crospolyvinylpyrrolidone (disintegrating agent) 60g
5%PVP
K30Ethanol solution (binding agent) 100g
Magnesium stearate (lubricant) 1g
Preparation technology is with prescription D.Dispersible tablet is limited to 1.0min when disperseing.
Prescription G:
Alfuzosin hydrochloride 70g
Microcrystalline Cellulose (disintegrating agent) 242g
Preparation technology: principal agent is crossed 120 mesh sieves, and disintegrating agent is crossed 100 mesh sieves, takes by weighing principal agent, the disintegrating agent mix homogeneously of recipe quantity, adds an amount of dehydrated alcohol amount and granulates, and dry back tabletting promptly.Dispersible tablet is limited to 0.7min when disperseing.
Prescription H:
Alfuzosin hydrochloride 100g
Crospolyvinylpyrrolidone (disintegrating agent) 560g
6%PVP
K30Aqueous solution (binding agent) 500g
Magnesium stearate (lubricant) 6g
Micropowder silica gel (fluidizer) 4g
Preparation technology is with prescription D.Dispersible tablet is limited to 0.1min when disperseing.
Dispersible tablet of alfuzosin hydrochloride dispersing uniformity and dissolution in vitro inspection
1, the dispersible tablet of alfuzosin hydrochloride dispersing uniformity is checked
Dispersible tablet of alfuzosin hydrochloride (A~H), its dispersing uniformity experimental technique is as follows for prescription: get 2 of this product, put jolting in the 100m1 water, and in 20 ℃ ± 1 ℃ water, all disintegrates and sieve in 3 minutes by No. 2.For details see attached table illustrate 1~8.
2, the mensuration of dispersible tablet of alfuzosin hydrochloride dissolution in vitro
Dispersible tablet of alfuzosin hydrochloride (prescription A~H), its dissolution in vitro experimental technique is as follows: get this product according to dissolution method (two appendix XC second methods of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2000), 500ml is a solvent with hydrochloric acid solution (9 → 1000), rotating speed is that per minute 50 changes, operation in the time of 30 minutes, is got solution 10ml in accordance with the law, filter, get subsequent filtrate as need testing solution.According to spectrophotography (two appendix IVA of Chinese Pharmacopoeia version in 2000), measure trap at 244nm wavelength place; Precision takes by weighing through 105 ℃ of alfuzosin hydrochloride reference substances that are dried to constant weight an amount of in addition, make the solution that contains 5 μ g among every 1ml with hydrochloric acid solution (9 → 1000) dissolving and quantitative dilution, measure trap, calculate every stripping quantity with method, limit is 80% of a labelled amount, should be up to specification.See description of drawings 1~8 for details.
Table 1: the cumulative in vitro dissolution of prescription A and dispersion time limit
Time (min) |
5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
Accumulation dissolution (%) |
40 |
54 |
63 |
72 |
85 |
90 |
Disperse the time limit |
3.0min disintegrate, and can be all by No. 2 sieves |
Table 2: the cumulative in vitro dissolution of prescription B and dispersion time limit
Time (min) |
5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
Accumulation dissolution (%) |
46 |
59 |
68 |
77 |
87 |
92 |
Disperse the time limit |
2.8min disintegrate, and can be all by No. 2 sieves |
Table 3: the cumulative in vitro dissolution of prescription C and dispersion time limit
Time (min) |
5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
Accumulation dissolution (%) |
50 |
61 |
72 |
80 |
90 |
94 |
Disperse the time limit |
2.5min disintegrate, and can be all by No. 2 sieves |
Table 4: the cumulative in vitro dissolution of prescription D and dispersion time limit
Time (min) |
5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
Accumulation dissolution (%) |
56 |
67 |
75 |
84 |
91 |
95 |
Disperse the time limit |
2.0min disintegrate, and can be all by No. 2 sieves |
Table 5: the cumulative in vitro dissolution of prescription E and dispersion time limit
Time (min) |
5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
Accumulation dissolution (%) |
53 |
62 |
73 |
81 |
90 |
94 |
Disperse the time limit |
2.2min disintegrate, and can be all by No. 2 sieves |
Table 6: the cumulative in vitro dissolution of prescription F and dispersion time limit
Time (min) |
5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
Accumulation dissolution (%) |
69 |
78 |
86 |
91 |
96 |
97 |
Disperse the time limit |
1.0min disintegrate, and can be all by No. 2 sieves |
Table 7: the cumulative in vitro dissolution of prescription G and dispersion time limit
Time (min) |
5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
Accumulation dissolution (%) |
80 |
92 |
95 |
97 |
97 |
98 |
Disperse the time limit |
0.7min disintegrate, and can be all by No. 2 sieves |
Table 8: the cumulative in vitro dissolution of prescription H and dispersion time limit
Time (min) |
5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
Accumulation dissolution (%) |
92 |
96 |
97 |
97 |
97 |
99 |
Disperse the time limit |
0.1min disintegrate, and can be all by No. 2 sieves |
Dispersible tablet of alfuzosin and alfuzosin ordinary tablet healthy volunteer pharmacokinetic are relatively
One, subject enrollment standard: the age is 18~40 years old a healthy male, body weight and standard body weight differ ± and 10%, the experimenter who avoids overweight or kick the beam, comprehensive medical fitness, the mental status is good, tests preceding 2 weeks to cut out any medicine to off-test, non-smoking, is not addicted to drink.
Two, medicine and source
Be subjected to test preparation: dispersible tablet of alfuzosin hydrochloride is provided by Shandong Xinshidai Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd..Specification: the 2.5mg/ sheet, above-mentioned dispersion time limit and dissolution in vitro inspection are all qualified, and meet the clinical research quality standard.
Reference preparation: the alfuzosin hydrochloride sheet is provided specification by Lunan Pharmacy Co. Ltd: the 2.5mg/ sheet.
Three, medication
18 experimenters match in twos according to body weight, meet single port clothes reference preparation alfuzosin hydrochloride sheet (2.5mg) by random digit, meet the twoport clothes to be subjected to test preparation dispersible tablet of alfuzosin hydrochloride (2.5mg), intersect after the week and take medicine.
Four, sample collecting
After the experiment proxima luce (prox. luc) advances light diet evening, begin fasting, test 8:00 in morning on the same day on an empty stomach in accordance with regulations dosage take medicine,, take medicine and can drink water in back 2 hours with reference preparation or taken by test preparation with 250ml eliminating cold for resuscitation water, 4 as a child unified light diet.Every group of experimenter respectively at medicine before and gathered venous blood 3ml behind the medicine in 0.5,1,1.5,2,3,4,6,8,12,18 hour, place the test tube of heparinization, centrifugal 5min, get blood plasma 0.5ml, add the 0.2ml dehydrated alcohol respectively, the 0.1mol/LNaOH solution that adds 0.5ml again, vortex concussion 1 minute, add the 4ml ether and continue concussion 1 minute, centrifugal (2500 rev/mins, 20 minutes) get organic facies, repeat to extract once, put under 40 ℃ of water-baths, N2 dries up, and residue dissolves the sample introduction analysis with 0.5ml acetonitrile-0.02mol/L phosphate buffer (1: 9).
Five, date processing and statistical analysis alfuzosin hydrochloride lower area of blood concentration-time curve (AUC) are worth trapezoidal method calculating, wherein AUC0~12 go out alfuzosin measured value calculating in the plasma sample in the body, and AUC12~∞ calculates according to eliminating phase afterbody lnc-t straight slope k value and 12h point alfuzosin plasma concentration.AUC0~∞ with the alfuzosin ordinary tablet is reference, asks the relative bioavailability of calculating dispersible tablet of alfuzosin.Select the NDST5.0 statistical analysis program, main pharmacokinetic parameter Tmax, Cmax and AUC0~∞ are carried out three-factor analysis of variance and two one-side t check (significance level α=0.05).The results are shown in following table.
|
The alfuzosin ordinary tablet |
Dispersible tablet of alfuzosin |
Peak time (Tmax, h) blood drug level peak value (Cmax, ngml
-1) area under the drug-time curve (AUC, nghml
-1)
|
1.91±0.65 9.15±3.01 39.26±9.12 |
1.01±0.39
* 12.57±3.21
* 48.35±11.57
|
Compare P<0.05 with the ordinary tablet group.Significant difference is arranged.
Dispersible tablet of alfuzosin and ordinary tablet compare, and relative bioavailability is 123.15%.