CN100371722C - Three-phase lightning protector early fault on-line monitoring method and apparatus thereof - Google Patents
Three-phase lightning protector early fault on-line monitoring method and apparatus thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100371722C CN100371722C CNB2005100944964A CN200510094496A CN100371722C CN 100371722 C CN100371722 C CN 100371722C CN B2005100944964 A CNB2005100944964 A CN B2005100944964A CN 200510094496 A CN200510094496 A CN 200510094496A CN 100371722 C CN100371722 C CN 100371722C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a three-phase lightning protector early fault on-line monitoring method. The present invention mainly and fully utilizes the characteristics that every two phases of three-phase symmetric voltage of high-voltage electric networks in the same group form an angle of 120 DEG, and the amplitude values are basically equal; amplitude values of continuous current which passes through three normal lightning protectors in the same group are basically equal, and every two phases form an angle of 120 DEG. The present invention measures the vector sum of continuous current of a three-phase lightning protector by using the method of superimposing the continuous current of the three-phase lightning protector to make the vector sum of the three-phase continuous current to approach or equal zero. The device of the present invention uses a highly sensitive vector sum increment list for measuring the vector sum of the three-phase continuous current, and can rapidly judges whether the lightning protector is in fault according to the increased value of the vector sum increment list. The present invention has the advantages of artful design, simple and reasonable structure, low production cost, convenient installation and operation, strong practicability, etc., and the early fault of the lightning protectors in the same group can be rapidly judged. The present invention can be matched with a three-phase lightning protector in a high-voltage electric network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of performance and monitor the device that particularly initial failure is carried out on-line monitoring, belong to the protection field of power equipment three-phase lightning protector.
Background technology
Lightning arrester is the visual plant that is used for over-voltage and protection power equipment safety in the high-voltage alternating electric power system; because lightning arrester directly is connected between hi-line and the earth; the performance of himself is directly connected to the safety of electric system; in time change as the lightning arrester that can not in time find degradation; major accident such as will blast; cause large-area power-cuts, national economy is had a direct impact.
The lightning arrester overwhelming majority who is used for high-voltage fence at present is a valve-type arrester, and in the majority with gapless metal-oxide lighting arrester (hereinafter to be referred as MOA lightning arrester or lightning arrester) in the valve-type arrester.Groundwork element in the MOA lightning arrester is to be primary raw material with zinc paste, the non-linear resistor that adopts high temperature sintering to form.Nonlinear characteristic according to electrical network rated voltage neutral grounding mode and apparatus insulated cooperation and resistor disc, select for use the zinc oxide resistance sheet series connection of some to be assembled in the insulating sleeve (generally adopting porcelain insulation sleeve or compound insulation sleeve), and insulating sleeve sealed become complete lightning arrester.Whether lightning arrester is in operation can damage, and insulating sleeve has intact sealing extremely important, and sealing is in case destroy, and moisture will enter in the insulation sleeve in the air, under the high-voltage electric field effect, forms conductive channel, develops into gradually to cause flashover at last and explode.In addition, zinc oxide resistance sheet is directly bearing working voltage for a long time, can bear the effect of various superpotential and dash current in the operational process again, some second-rate resistor disc aged deteriorations gradually, make finally that resistor disc is breakdown to be caused short-channel and explode, cause a serious accident.This is the modal two kinds of failure causes of lightning arrester in service.How in numerous operating lightning arresters, before the lightning arrester fault does not form serious accident as yet, the lightning arrester of in time finding to have hidden danger is to avoid fault to be expanded into the key of accident, and Here it is is serially connected with the reason of generally using the persistent current that on-line monitoring device monitoring lightning arrester flows through at present under working voltage with direct ground connection being improved to of early stage lightning arrester.As the multi-functional on-line monitoring device of the lightning arrester of ZL99229282.4 patent disclosure, have rational in infrastructure, stable and reliable for performance, can write down the number of times that is struck by lightning, can detect advantages such as the pollution level of insulator and lightning arrester persistent current respectively again, now generally use on the lightning arrester of electric system.But because the equivalent electrical circuit of MOA lightning arrester is to be formed in parallel by electric capacity and resistance, its equivalent capacitance is determined by the dielectric coefficient and the size of resistor disc material, the resistance value of equivalence is determined by the semiconducting behavior of the material of resistor disc and the insulation resistance of insulation sleeve inwall insulating material, when initial failure appears in lightning arrester, show that mainly equivalent resistance diminishes, be that current in resistance property increases, capacity current changes little.Its leakage current is that persistent current I equals capacity current Ic and current in resistance property I
RVector and, the first-harmonic of current in resistance property and capacity current first-harmonic differ 90 ° on phase place.Capacity current in the persistent current of normal lightning arrester accounts for 80-90%, and current in resistance property only accounts for 10-20%, and hence one can see that, when the increase of initial failure current in resistance property appears in lightning arrester, the persistent current that capacity current accounts for Main Ingredients and Appearance changes very little, and initial failure mainly shows current in resistance property I
RObviously increase, even but I
RIncrease and be twice, its total persistent current just increases about a few percent.As the capacity current I that establishes in the normal persistent current of a certain lightning arrester is 1mA, wherein current in resistance property I
RBe 0.15mA, this moment is persistent current normally
When the zinc oxide resistance sheet aged deterioration doubles current in resistance property to reach 0.3mA, the persistent current of this moment
Increase about 0.033177579mA, the displacement of electric current indicator only increases by 3.281%.This shows, though current in resistance property obviously increases, but because of it is little to total current affects in persistent current, add that working voltage allows some fluctuations, corresponding electric current also just has some fluctuations, the persistent current indicator just has some to rock, and makes the early stage variation of current in resistance property be difficult to discern from the persistent current table, so judge that with the variation of monitoring persistent current lightning protector early fault is very difficult merely.So operation department still needs regularly to have a power failure test or the sub-apparatus measures current in resistance property of temporary electricity, not only time-consuming but also require great effort, still can not in time find initial failure.In order to monitor and in time find the initial failure of lightning arrester, current in resistance property will be decomposed from persistent current, could find the early stage variation of arrester resistance current.Decompose the method for current in resistance property in the persistent current at present, all need to know simultaneously the direction that acts on voltage on the lightning arrester, therefore, the instrument of general live line measurement arrester resistance current all will be imported the phase voltage of voltage transformer (VT) in service.Though this method can obtain the current in resistance property in the lightning arrester persistent current, but need with complicated electronic device ability energy measurement, measuring method and device as the resistive current first harmonics of gapless metal oxide lightning arrester of No. 92100528.8 patent disclosures, need carry out the analog to digital conversion of one-period and carry out the Fourier series expansion through amplifying the A/D converter of delivering to single-chip microcomputer with current signal and the voltage signal that split core type current transformer and voltage transformer (VT) are measured respectively, the voltage of program to sampling as calculated again, current signal carries out Fourier transformation, repeatedly calculates just by the setting degree and can calculate current in resistance property.Its complex structure, cost height, use very inconveniently, often need to spend more than 1 hour one group of lightning arrester of energy measurement just can only be used for interim measurement, can not be used for long-term continuous monitoring.The device of the live line measurement three-phase lightning protector current in resistance property of No. 02264187.4 patent disclosure and for example, directly on the lightning stroke counter that is serially connected in three lightning arresters bottoms or on-line monitoring device, take out sampled signal respectively, avoided using split core type current transformer and voltage transformer (VT) to choose the weak point of sampled signal, but still need to use single-chip microcomputer that sampled signal is analyzed respectively and computing, its structure is still quite complicated, the production cost height mainly also is to be used for interim measurement.In sum, for the effective ways that by the current in resistance property that detects gapless metal-oxide lighting arrester are its initial failure of diagnosis of generally acknowledging, but owing to all be confined on the thinking that the current in resistance property to lightning arrester detects respectively, its complex structure, the cost height is difficult to generally install on lightning arrester, so, up to the present, all also do not have both at home and abroad practical, simple in structure, be convenient to the initial failure on-Line Monitor Device installing and using and popularize.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be difficult to the problem in time found, propose a kind ofly to be skillfully constructed, can to judge the three-phase lightning protector early fault on-line monitoring method whether initial failure is arranged in the same group of three-phase lightning protector rapidly in order to solve lightning protector early fault.
Another object of the present invention be according to said method provide a kind of simple and reasonable, production cost is low, easy to install, the highly sensitive three-phase lightning protector early fault on-Line Monitor Device of the lightning arrester whether initial failure is arranged in the same group of three-phase lightning protector being carried out on-line real time monitoring.
A further object of the present invention is on the basis of above-mentioned on-Line Monitor Device, for electric system provides a kind of three-phase lightning protector early fault on-Line Monitor Device that can send the lightning protector early fault alerting signal automatically.
Three-phase lightning protector early fault on-line monitoring method of the present invention, it is basic identical mainly to be that the phase place that makes full use of the three-phase symmetric voltage of same group of high-voltage fence is mutually 120 ° and amplitude, the amplitude of persistent current that flows through three normal lightning arresters of same group also equates substantially and phase place also is mutually 120 ° character, the vector of taking persistent current with three-phase lightning protector to be superimposed can to make the three-phase persistent current and near or null method, the vector of measuring the three-phase persistent current with highly sensitive vector and increment list with and can judge rapidly according to the recruitment of vector and increment list whether this group lightning arrester has fault.
Three-phase lightning protector early fault on-Line Monitor Device according to the said method design, its structure is on the existing basis that is connected to three lightning arresters between three-phase high-voltage electrical network and the ground wire, or on the basis of the existing common monitor that is connected to three lightning arresters between three-phase high-voltage electrical network and the ground wire and series connection with it, have additional the highly sensitive vector and the increment list that are used to judge lightning protector early fault, the two ends of described vector and increment list be connected the vector of measuring three lightning arrester persistent currents between the summing point of three lightning arrester persistent currents and the ground wire and added value.
Above-mentioned highly sensitive vector and increment list mainly are made up of rectifier, filter capacitor, voltage stabilizing diode and microampere meter, the input end of described rectifier is the two ends of vector and increment list, the positive and negative electrode of rectifier output end is connected with the positive and negative electrode of filter capacitor and microampere meter respectively, and voltage stabilizing diode is connected in reverse parallel on the positive and negative electrode of microampere meter.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three-phase lightning protector early fault on-Line Monitor Device that can initiatively send the lightning protector early fault alerting signal for electric system.Its structure is on the basis of above-mentioned three-phase lightning protector early fault on-Line Monitor Device, set up by shaking the control switch, the autoalarm that coding wireless launcher and coding wireless receiver are formed can be realized, the described control switch that shakes is contained in the microampere meter and is controlled by the microampere meter pointer, the working power of coding wireless launcher is by shaking the control of control switch, the coding wireless receiver is contained in the main frame of transformer station, main frame then according to setting program after the asymmetric factor of three-phase voltage of getting rid of the short time that electrical network allows, be confirmed to be initial failure that lightning arrester occurs after warning device send immediately audible alarm and/or automatically the relevant phone of dial-up report to the police to competent authorities.
The present invention can be enough the method and apparatus of simple most convenient solved the difficult problem of the long-term insoluble lightning protector early fault on-line monitoring of electric system, its key has been to jump out traditional being confined to and has decomposited current in resistance property and make the complicated circle of equipment in the persistent current of single lightning arrester, with the overall consideration of same group three-phase lightning protector, find out the added value in the current in resistance property and be only the important evidence of judging lightning protector early fault, it is basic identical that the phase place that makes full use of the three-phase symmetric voltage of same group of high-voltage fence is mutually 120 ° and amplitude, the amplitude of persistent current that flows through three normal lightning arresters of same group also equates substantially and phase place also is mutually 120 ° character, the vector of taking persistent current with three-phase lightning protector to be superimposed can to make the three-phase persistent current and near or null method, with a highly sensitive reometer can measure vector and variable, and this variable only can increase and can not reduce, so can be described as vector and increment list, this vector and increment list select for use microampere meter as 30 or 50 or 100 microamperes, than highly sensitive tens of times of the existing milliammeter of measuring each phase persistent current respectively, this table for the variation of arbitrary phase in the persistent current or two-phase current in resistance property or three-phase current in resistance property in various degree variation or variation or its combination and variation of the third harmonic of three-phase current in resistance property all can obviously reflect.So can monitor out the operating performance that should organize lightning arrester rapidly accurately with the simplest microampere meter of equipment, after the asymmetric factor of three-phase voltage of the short time of getting rid of the electrical network permission, to the maintenance and inspection that have a power failure of the electrical network of the long-time three-phase lightning protector that obviously increases of vector and increment list numerical value, can effectively avoid taking place major accident.Since vector and increment list can the concentrated expression lightning arrester situation, so, promptly can be the device that power house or unattended operation transformer station provide automatic warning as long as on the basis of said apparatus, set up the coding wireless alarm again.Device of the present invention have be skillfully constructed, simple and reasonable, production cost is low, easy to install, practical and advantage such as be convenient to popularize, but whether the lightning arrester that produces the initial failure phenomenon is arranged in same group of three-phase lightning protector of on-line monitoring, be adapted in the high-voltage fence and the supporting use of three-phase lightning protector.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1-4 is the structural representation of several embodiment representative among the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 5 is structural representations of vector and increment list;
Accompanying drawing 6 is radio alarming apparatus structure synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing 1-3, A among the figure, B, C are the three-phase high-voltage lines of electrical network, 1,2,3 is three lightning arresters, the 4th, ground wire, the 5th, vector and increment list, the 6,7, the 8th, thunderbolt flow passage component, the 9,10, the 11st, common monitor, 12, the 13, the 14th, the persistent current table in the common monitor, the 15,16, the 17th, isolating transformer.
For only being connected respectively in the electrical network of three lightning arresters 1,2,3 between three-phase high-voltage electrical network A, B, C and the ground wire 4, be used to judge that the highly sensitive vector of lightning protector early fault and the two ends of increment list 5 are serially connected between the base and ground wire 4 of three lightning arresters 1,2,3, in order to provide path to thunder-strike current, can be connected to thunderbolt flow passage component 6 between the base of three lightning arresters 1,2,3 and ground wire 4, physical circuit is referring to accompanying drawing 1.
For in the electrical network of the common monitor 9,10,11 that is connected three lightning arresters 1,2,3 and series connection with it between three-phase high-voltage electrical network A, B, C and the ground wire 4 respectively, be used to judge the two ends of highly sensitive vector of lightning protector early fault and increment list 5 be connected the persistent current table 12,13 of three common monitors 9,10,11,14 and ground wire 4 between, owing to the thunderbolt flow passage component 6,7,8 for path is provided to thunder-strike current all is housed, in the existing common monitor 9,10,11 so just can no longer install additional.Physical circuit is referring to accompanying drawing 2.
Also can between vector and increment list 5 and lightning arrester 1,2,3, have additional isolating transformer 15,16,17, the primary coil of described three isolating transformers 15,16,17 is connected between three lightning arresters 1,2,3 and the ground wire 4, vector changes with increment list 5 that two ends are connected (referring to accompanying drawing 3) with the secondary coil of three isolating transformers 15,16,17 or an end is connected with an end of three secondary coils into, the other end is connected with the other end of three secondary coils respectively through three persistent current tables, referring to accompanying drawing 4.
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation of vector and increment list, among the figure 51 is rectifiers, the 52nd, filter capacitor, the 53rd, voltage stabilizing diode, the 54th, microampere meter, the input end of described rectifier 51 is the two ends of vector and increment list, and the positive and negative electrode of rectifier 51 output terminals is connected with the positive and negative electrode of filter capacitor 52 with microampere meter 54 respectively, and voltage stabilizing diode 53 is connected in reverse parallel on the positive and negative electrode of microampere meter 54.Described microampere meter 54 can just be selected the DC microammeter of high sensitivity such as 100 microamperes or 50 microamperes or 30 microamperes according to line voltage for use, and voltage stabilizing diode can be guaranteed the safety of microampere meter.
The device of the automatic warning that Fig. 6 designs for unattended operation transformer station, its structure can be on the basis of above-mentioned three-phase lightning protector early fault on-Line Monitor Device, set up by shaking control switch 61, the autoalarm that coding wireless launcher 64 and coding wireless receiver 65 are formed can be realized, the described control switch 61 that shakes is contained in vector and the increment list 5 and by the microampere meter pointer and controls, when pointer forwards ull-scale value or desired location to, connect and shake control switch 61, the working power 62 of coding wireless launcher 64 is by shaking control switch 61 by electronic switch 63 controls, shake control switch 61 when being switched on, the coding wireless launcher sends the wireless encoding signal because of working power is switched on, indicate certain group lightning arrester that problem is arranged.Coding wireless receiver 65 is contained in the main frame 66 of transformer station, 66 in main frame according to setting program after the asymmetric factor of three-phase voltage of getting rid of the short time that electrical network allows, be confirmed to be initial failure that lightning arrester occurs after warning device 67 send immediately audible alarm and/or automatically the relevant phone of dial-up report to the police to competent authorities.
Apparatus of the present invention in the lightning arrester performance just often, the vector that the three-phase persistent current is ordered at the d of junction and be zero substantially to the voltage between the ground wire, so, the pointer that is connected vector between d point and the ground and increment list 5 is designated as zero, in persistent current the variation of arbitrary phase or two-phase current in resistance property or three-phase current in resistance property in various degree variation or the variation of the third harmonic of three-phase current in resistance property or vector that its combination and variation all can make this point and change, these variations can both make the numerical value of the vector that is connected between this point and the ground and increment list 5 increase, because the ull-scale value of this table 5 is selected the 30-100 microampere for use, sensitivity is very high, can both obviously reflect for small variation.It is as follows to be with the measured data of a certain group of three-phase lightning protector that example is further described; The three-phase persistent current (mA, effective value) of this group lightning arrester is respectively: Ia=0.630
0 ° of ∠, Ib=0.647
∠-120 °, Ic=0.620
120 ° of ∠Current in resistance property effective value in the three-phase persistent current is respectively: IaR=0.108mA, IbR=0.107mA, IcR=0.112mA, can calculate the vector and the electric current ∑ 1=24 μ A of three-phase persistent current with cosine law, when current in resistance property IaR or IbR or IcR increase 50% is that added value is when being 50 μ A, persistent current table (milliammeter) Ia or Ib or Ic only increase about 1.5%, and vector and increment list (microampere meter) can increase to 40-60 μ A (recruitment of out of phase current in resistance property is inequality) from 24 μ A, the number percent that increases reaches 70-150%, compare with the recruitment of persistent current table, its sensitivity improves tens of times even hundred times.High like this sensitivity, as long as current in resistance property has the increase more than 10%, vector and increment list all can have tangible reflection, observe very convenient, can satisfy the needs of on-line monitoring lightning protector early fault fully, solve insoluble always problem with the simplest method and apparatus.Also can provide a kind of alerting signal that can send lightning protector early fault automatically for electric system easily.After the asymmetric factor of three-phase voltage of the short time of getting rid of the electrical network permission, to the maintenance and inspection that have a power failure of the electrical network of the long-time three-phase lightning protector that obviously increases of the numerical value of vector and increment list 5, can find out concrete place under repair of initial failure lightning arrester or replacing easily, to guaranteeing that power grid security will cut much ice, can effectively avoid taking place major accident, be adapted in the high-voltage fence and the supporting use of three-phase lightning protector.
Claims (3)
1. three-phase lightning protector early fault on-Line Monitor Device, comprise three lightning arresters that are connected between three-phase high-voltage electrical network and the ground wire, or comprise three lightning arresters being connected between three-phase high-voltage electrical network and the ground wire and the common monitor of series connection with it, it is characterized in that having additional the highly sensitive vector and the increment list that are used to judge lightning protector early fault, the two ends of described vector and increment list are connected between the summing point and ground wire of three lightning arrester persistent currents, it is basic identical that described device mainly is that the phase place that makes full use of the three-phase symmetric voltage of same group of high-voltage fence is mutually 120 ° and amplitude, the amplitude of persistent current that flows through three normal lightning arresters of same group also equates substantially and phase place also is mutually 120 ° character, the vector of taking persistent current with three-phase lightning protector to be superimposed to make the three-phase persistent current and near or null method, the vector of measuring the three-phase persistent current with highly sensitive vector and increment list with and can judge rapidly according to the recruitment of vector and increment list whether this group lightning arrester has fault.
2. three-phase lightning protector early fault on-Line Monitor Device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described highly sensitive vector and increment list mainly be made up of rectifier, filter capacitor, voltage stabilizing diode and microampere meter, the input end of described rectifier is the two ends of vector and increment list, the positive and negative electrode of rectifier output end is connected with the positive and negative electrode of filter capacitor and microampere meter respectively, and voltage stabilizing diode is connected in reverse parallel on the positive and negative electrode of microampere meter.
3. three-phase lightning protector early fault on-Line Monitor Device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that also comprising mainly by shaking the control switch, the autoalarm of the unattended operation transformer station that coding wireless launcher and coding wireless receiver are formed, the described control switch that shakes is contained in the microampere meter and is controlled by the microampere meter pointer, the working power of coding wireless launcher is by shaking the control of control switch, the coding wireless receiver is contained in the main frame of transformer station, main frame then according to setting program after the asymmetric factor of three-phase voltage of getting rid of the short time that electrical network allows, be confirmed to be initial failure that lightning arrester occurs after warning device send immediately audible alarm and/or automatically the relevant phone of dial-up report to the police to competent authorities.
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| CNB2005100944964A CN100371722C (en) | 2005-09-22 | 2005-09-22 | Three-phase lightning protector early fault on-line monitoring method and apparatus thereof |
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| CNB2005100944964A CN100371722C (en) | 2005-09-22 | 2005-09-22 | Three-phase lightning protector early fault on-line monitoring method and apparatus thereof |
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| CN100371722C true CN100371722C (en) | 2008-02-27 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
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| CN102377240B (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2013-09-11 | 上海市电力公司 | Accident resultant signal emergency alarming method for 35KV substation |
| CN102495272A (en) * | 2011-12-11 | 2012-06-13 | 河南省电力公司平顶山供电公司 | Testing method for lightning counters |
| CN103604991B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2017-03-08 | 国家电网公司 | The busbar voltage phase measurement device of capacitance type potential transformer and method |
| CN104215862A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-17 | 国网河南省电力公司平顶山供电公司 | Arrester and state discriminated method of online monitoring meter thereof |
| CN109030924A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-18 | 国网福建省电力有限公司龙岩供电公司 | Suitable for the three-phase lightning protector leakage current wireless monitoring device in switchgear |
| CN109375134B (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2022-02-01 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司火力发电技术研究院 | Generator outlet voltage transformer internal fault on-line monitoring method and system |
| CN110940931A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-03-31 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司金华供电公司 | Lightning arrester leakage current online monitoring system and method |
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| EP0190547A1 (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1986-08-13 | Sprecher Energie Österreich Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Device for monitoring and counting the response of a non-spark gap overvoltage arrester |
| JPH02238378A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-20 | Meidensha Corp | Monitoring device of deterioration of zinc oxide type arrester |
| JPH08248091A (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-27 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | Arrester leakage current sensor |
| CN1123777C (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2003-10-08 | 宜兴市供电局 | Method and apparatus for on-line testing lightning arrester |
| CN1564002A (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2005-01-12 | 常州市武进恒昌机械厂 | On-line monitor of lighting arrester |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0190547A1 (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1986-08-13 | Sprecher Energie Österreich Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Device for monitoring and counting the response of a non-spark gap overvoltage arrester |
| JPH02238378A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-20 | Meidensha Corp | Monitoring device of deterioration of zinc oxide type arrester |
| JPH08248091A (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-27 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | Arrester leakage current sensor |
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| CN1564002A (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2005-01-12 | 常州市武进恒昌机械厂 | On-line monitor of lighting arrester |
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Granted publication date: 20080227 Termination date: 20200922 |