CN1003715B - 分散染料商品化后处理的方法 - Google Patents

分散染料商品化后处理的方法 Download PDF

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CN1003715B
CN1003715B CN85100472.5A CN85100472A CN1003715B CN 1003715 B CN1003715 B CN 1003715B CN 85100472 A CN85100472 A CN 85100472A CN 1003715 B CN1003715 B CN 1003715B
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CN85100472A (zh
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朱正华
程铸生
王雪梅
段彩明
张眉渌
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East China University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明所说的分散染料商品化后处理的方法,系将分散染料与阴离子表面活性剂混匀后磨细,使染料粒径在1μ左右,再按一定比例加入非离子表面活性剂,经喷雾干燥成商品化染料。

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分散染料商品化后处理的方法
本发明系分散染料进行商品化后处理的一种方法。众所周知,分散染料染色时,部分染料溶解于水,然后被聚酯纤维表面所吸附。再从纤维表面扩散入纤维内部。但分散染料本身是难溶于水的,它在水中的分散有赖于加入表面活性剂(扩散剂)形成胶束,把分散染料吸附于胶束上,而发生增溶。因此,在分散染料后处理加工中,选择热稳定性良好的表面活性剂(扩散剂),使分散染料有较大的增溶作用是十分重要的。通常国产分散染料商品化处理,是将分散染料与阴离子表面活性剂混和后砂磨而成。由于国外对分散染料的商品化处理方法一直是“严加保密”,因此得不到分散染料商品化处理的资料。长期来,国产分散染料染色性能与国外相比,存在着一段差距。
当使用高温高压法染色时;国外“山道士染料厂”(Sandoz)生产的市售分散藏青染料的固色率可达97%,而国内各厂生产的市售分散藏青染料的固色率只有94~95%。
当使用热熔法(210℃)染色时;国外山道士染料厂(Sandoz)生产的市售分散藏青染料的固色率可达95%,而国内各厂生产的市售分散藏青染料的固色率只有91~93%。
总之,由于固色率不高,不仅浪费了不少分散染料,而且产生大量的染色污水,严重地污染了环境。
此外,由于国产分散染料的固色率一直达不到国外的水平,因此形成了一种偏见,认为国产分散染料的“结晶”不如国外的好。为此,专家们将分散染料的商品化处理研究列为国家“七五”攻关任务,并确定以国内使用量最多的分散藏青H-GL为代表,进行国产分散染料商品化后处理方法的研究。
本发明的目的,就是要打破国内长期存在的偏见,在现有技术的基础上,寻找一类适配的助剂,使国产分散染料经商品化后处理后的固色率达到和超过国际先进水平,不论是采用高温高压法染色,还是采用热熔法染色,使国产分散染料的固色率均达97%以上。
本发明以分散藏青
Figure 85100472_IMG1
CI分散兰79)为例,将其商品化后处理方法阐述如下:
将分散藏青H-GL湿滤饼与阴离子表面活性剂、玻璃珠按1∶2∶10混合均匀,在砂磨机中砂磨8~10小时,取样测定:当扩散度达4~5级,染料颗粒直径在1μ左右时(0.2~1.0μ占90%以上,1.0~1.5μ占5%左右,<0.2μ占5%左右,可用Dise centrifuge粒径仪测定),即可认为染料砂磨达到要求。过滤除去玻璃珠,用水洗涤,收集洗涤液和染料母液混合,加入一定量的浓度为1%的非离子表面活性剂,其最佳的配比为:
按380%强度的纯分散染料1000克计算,需加阴离子表面活性剂2800克,1%浓度的非离子表面活性剂32毫升,经砂磨加工、喷雾干燥,拼混成强度为100%的优质商品染料,可满足染色时的质控要求。
染色时的质控要求:
如接一般聚酯纤维高温高压法染色时,可配成色度2%的染料溶液,pH=5,用环法测定表面张力σ25℃=65达因/厘米(±2达因/厘米),其固色率可达97.8%,与国外Sandoz染料厂的产品相当。
如用热熔法(210℃)染色时,可配成20克/升的染液,用环法测定表面张力σ25℃=57达因/厘米(±2达因/厘米),其固色率可达97.6%,此国外Sandoz染料厂产品高2%。
本发明所说的阴离子表面活性剂(亦称分散剂),可以是扩散剂MF、分散剂NNO、木质素磺酸钠等。
本发明所说的非离子表面活性剂(亦称助剂)是一类市售的OP型类乳化剂,其化学学名为烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
本发明所述的方法,不仅适用于分散藏青H-GL的商品化后处理加工,而且亦适用于分散红玉:S-2GFL,分散黄棕S-2RFL,分散兰2BLN,分散红3B和分散黄E-RGFL的商品化后处理加工。
本发明的技术关键在于:砂磨一定要达到要求的指标即染料颗粒的直径在1μ左右,扩散度达4~5级;阴离子表面活性剂与OP型类乳化剂进行适当配伍,控制加入量,使染料成品所配成的染液表面张力达到一定值。
由于本发明的实施,可以有效地提高国产染料染色时的固色率,其效果是十分显著的。仅以国产分散藏青H-GL一个品种为例,年产为4000吨,如固色率平均提高5%,则每年可节约200吨,价值400多万元,外加减少200吨染料的三废治理费,其经济效益与社会效益相当可观,更为重要的是,把我国商品化的分散染料质量提高到国际水平后,可以出口创汇具有更大的经济意义。

Claims (7)

1、一种分散染料商品化化后处理的方法,将分散染料与阴离子表面活性剂混和后砂磨成1μ左右的微粒,然后加入非离子表面活性剂,喷雾干燥成商品化染料,本发明的特征在于:
(1)用于满足染色质控要求的商品染料的最佳配比为:
分散染料,如分散藏青H-GL:1000克,
阴离子表面活性剂:2800克,
1%浓度的非离子表面活性剂:32毫升;
(2)所说的非离子表面活性剂为一类市售的OP型乳化剂,其化学学名为烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中染色时的质控要求为:应用高温高压法染色时,可配成色度为2%的染料溶液,pH=5,用环法测定表面张力σ25℃=65达因/厘米(±2达因/厘米);应用热熔法(210℃)染色时,可配成20克/升的染液,用环法测定其表面张力σ25℃=57达因/厘米(±2达因/厘米)。
CN85100472.5A 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 分散染料商品化后处理的方法 Expired CN1003715B (zh)

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CN101724298B (zh) * 2009-12-08 2013-04-24 浙江龙盛染料化工有限公司 一种液体分散染料的后处理方法
CN104497616B (zh) * 2014-11-29 2017-03-08 萧县凯奇化工科技有限公司 一种环保型纳米级还原染料的商品化加工方法
CN108193528B (zh) * 2018-01-30 2023-09-01 江苏华尔化工有限公司 一种分散染料商品化性能提升剂及其制备方法
CN113999541B (zh) * 2021-11-25 2023-09-15 约克夏(浙江)染化有限公司 染料原料的后处理方法

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