CN100369711C - Manufacturing method of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft Download PDFInfo
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- CN100369711C CN100369711C CNB2005100403291A CN200510040329A CN100369711C CN 100369711 C CN100369711 C CN 100369711C CN B2005100403291 A CNB2005100403291 A CN B2005100403291A CN 200510040329 A CN200510040329 A CN 200510040329A CN 100369711 C CN100369711 C CN 100369711C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for making a high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper bar, which comprises the following procedures that: 1. electrolysis copper is arranged in a low frequency induction furnace, and a crystallizer adopts graphite; dry charcoal is used for covering, and the casting temperature is from 1140 to 1160 DEG C; 2. billet obtained in the procedure 1 is extruded in a water sealing mode, and the extrusion temperature is from 850 to 900 DEG C; 3. a product obtained in the procedure 2 is neutralized by acid washing, and is cleaned by hot water; 4. the product obtained in the procedure 3 is roughly pulled; 5. the product obtained in the procedure 4 passes through a Huff mould, and a belt lubricating agent is used for peeling; 6. the product obtained in the procedure 5 is arranged in a bright annealing furnace, and 98% to 99% of nitrogen and 1% to 2% of hydrogen are in the furnace for protection; the annealing temperature is 550 DEG C (+/-)10 DEG C, and the heat preservation is 1.5 (+/-)0.5 hours; 7. the product obtained in the procedure 3 is finely pulled. The method aims to overcome the insufficiency, and provides the high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper bar which has the advantages of bright, smooth and flat surface, non-oxidation after a long time, good bending performance, good conducting performance, low surface resistance and no chemical processing to the surface when in use.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the manufacture method of the good high performance antioxidation environmental protection electrician copper bar of a kind of surface-brightening and energy longer-term maintenance light and bending.
Background technology:
Electrician's copper bar generally is used to conduct big electric current, is applicable to electro-engineerings such as the winding of making motor, high and low voltage electrical equipment, switch contact, controller switching equipment, installs with the indispensable conductive material of lead.Also be widely used in super-large current electrolysis for production engineerings such as metal smelt, electrolytic etching of metal, electrification plating, chemical industry caustic soda.The GB5585-85 requirement is arranged, resistivity during as 20 ℃≤(0.01724 Ω .mm
2/ m), and multiple dimensions is arranged, generally speaking, but electrician's copper bar has advantages such as the low bending degree of resistivity is big, is easy to carry out hole milling, bending, zinc-plated etc.The sheet resistance value of electrician's copper bar also has influence on the performance and the purposes of product very much: as Chinese patent application 01251386.4 provide a kind of be used for bus be connected the connector that permanent connection half a year is provided between the contact, this connector forms by bus bar tab being gathered into folds with at least one contact tail on being connected contact and utilizing spring clip that stacked bus bar tab and contact tail are held, and it just needs the sheet resistance of copper bar bus lower.And for example the high temperature trolley is pressed and is formed by rigid body copper bar and aluminium section special process, also needs the sheet resistance of copper bar bus lower.
It is that industries such as electric power, shipbuilding, smelting are necessary that surface-brightening and energy longer-term keep the copper bar of light.And the performance that on many purposes, necessitates, nondiscolouring under the general environment condition when guaranteeing especially that copper busbar is used is used to guarantee that the electric conductivity of contact position is good, contact resistance does not increase, thus guarantee circuit normal or electric energy transport safety.So in order to guarantee this performance of copper bar, in many cases, often reach by overlay coating, zinc-plated on copper bar, zinc or alloy are method and the products of using always.
General common copper bar production technology has following two kinds of methods:
One, semi-continuous casting billet → heat system → pickling neutralization → cold rolling → aerobic annealing → pickling neutralization → drawing → check → packing.
Two, semi-continuous casting billet → extruding → pickling neutralization → drawing → check → packing.
The first method advantage is that cost is low; The material density height, the product buckling performance is good.Shortcoming is that the worker laboring environment is poor, and surface quality is slightly poor.
The second method advantage is, surface quality is good slightly, the worker laboring environment improves, but the product buckling performance is good not as good as the former.
With the copper bar of these two kinds of explained hereafter, surface quality is all undesirable, particularly generates one deck cupric oxide in atmosphere easily on the surface, influences the electric conductivity of contact surface.For this reason, applying unit is always cleaned the copper bar copper oxide surface the whole or use after contact surface is zinc-plated in back.But zinc-plated all is the higher technology of cost, and consumes non-ferrous raw material, priorly will produce the unfriendly problem of a series of environmental protection.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of surface-brightening, bright and clean, straight is provided, keep not oxidation after long time, bending is good, conduct electricity very well, sheet resistance is low, and the manufacture method of the high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft that any chemical treatment can use need not be made in the surface during use.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of manufacture method of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, undercurrent type disjunctor stove ingot casting---cathode copper is placed in the low-frequency furnace, and crystallizer adopts graphite, adopts dry charcoal to cover, and 1140～1160 ℃ of casting temperatures, casting speed are 15～18m/h.
Step 2, water seal extruding---step 1 gained billet is placed in the extrusion die water seal extruding on extruder, 850～900 ℃ of extrusion temperatures;
Step 3, pickling neutralization---the step 2 products obtained therefrom is placed pickling neutralization in the pickling neutralization chamber, in the pickling and after product placed in the hot water storgae clean with hot water;
Step 4, rough---the step 3 products obtained therefrom is placed in the rough mould, rough on stretching-machine;
Step 5, peeling---the step 4 products obtained therefrom by the Hough mould, is adopted the peeling of band lubricant;
Step 6, non-oxidation annealing---the step 5 products obtained therefrom is placed bright annealing furnace, adopt (98%～99%) nitrogen to add (1%～2%) hydrogen in the stove and protect 550 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of annealing temperatures, temperature retention time 1.5 hours ± 0.5 hour;
Step 7, finish draw---the step 3 products obtained therefrom is placed in the finish draw mould finish draw on stretching-machine.
The manufacture method of a kind of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft of the present invention, the casting speed of described step 1 (15～18) m/h.
The manufacture method of a kind of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft of the present invention, the extrusion die of described step 2 adopts the modified ceramic extrusion die.
The manufacture method of a kind of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft of the present invention, described step 3 pickling is adopted suds with sulfuric acid Baume degrees 15%, neutralization, cleans 80 ℃ ± 5 ℃ of water temperatures.
Lengthening coefficient is 1.20～1.24 when the manufacture method of a kind of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft of the present invention, the stretching of described step 4, and rough lubricant adopts transformer oil to add rape oil to mix and use transformer oil and rape oil mixing ratio 3: 7.
The manufacture method of a kind of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft of the present invention, lengthening coefficient was 1.18～1.2 when described step 7 stretched, the finish draw lubricant adopts band to add the lubricant of antioxidant, this antioxidant is to be base-material with the BTA, add 40%, proportioning is: transformer oil: rape oil: antioxidant=3: 3: 4.
The present invention is significantly smaller than 50PPM by the high-quality billet oxygen content of continuous casting, push by water seal then, copper bar not oxidation of surface after the extruding or rare oxidation, taked the measure of the grain size of control extruded product in order to reach the effect (bending is good) same with milling method, generally be controlled at below the 0.04mm, can not occur the thick and phenomenon of rupture of crystal grain during bending, general water seal extruding grain size is below 0.07mm, instability, so bending is also unstable; By in the pickling and after, surperficial small amounts also is eliminated; Design rough and twice stretching of finish draw, it also is the technical characterstic of this programme, and the thickness deformation amount of increase finish draw, reduce the width deformation amount, purpose is to improve the brightness and the colour consistency on whole plane, common copper bar production technology has only one stretching, presents a dark-coloured band in the middle of the copper bar surface of pulling out; And then increase the peeling operation one, peeling amount 0.15mm, the peeling difficulty is big, it is realized easily unlike the copper pipe peeling, because the plane is very wide, has designed a kind of Hough mould for this reason, and adopted lubricant stretching peeling, peeling is achieved, and the purpose of peeling is further to improve the brightness and the flatness on copper bar surface; For guaranteeing that the surface of non-oxidation can be protected after the new peeling, behind this procedure, increased non-oxidation annealing, make it when eliminating work hardening, generate a kind of diaphragm on the surface; During finished product subsequently stretches, continue to adopt oxidation resistant lubricant, the composition of antioxidant is the stretching lubricant based on BTA, and the product surface of producing like this light and energy longer-term keep light, and the basic principle of the manufacturing of high performance antioxidation copper bar is:
1, the reason that improves greatly of antioxygenic property: be the effect that adds antioxidant.
The BTA action principle:
When BTA contacted with the copper surface, triazole ring and copper can form the very firm skin covering of the surface of one deck, and structure is as follows:
This structure can stably be adsorbed on the copper surface, thereby prevents the copper corrosion of metal.Like this, make the decay resistance of the initial surface of anti-oxidant bright copper bar be better than ordinary copper row, simultaneously because surface-brightening, bright and clean can be eliminated tip, the burr perishable active sites such as (coarse) on copper bar surface, so can keep light for a long time.So need not be zinc-plated, and sheet resistance be than low 2～3 Ω of common copper bar.
2, electric conductivity is better than the reason of common copper bar: except the cathode copper that adopts high-quality, the more important thing is and adopt undercurrent type disjunctor stove on manufacturing process.Because the special construction of this stove makes melt go into holding furnace from the smelting furnace undercurrent, and is different from general casting method, melt enters holding furnace by chute, and latter's melt is easy to inhaling of oxygen, and the former can reach the oxygen-free copper requirement, like this, must bring the raising of electric conductivity.
3, surface smoothness is better than the reason of common copper bar: be to have adopted peeling technology on manufacturing process, although copper bar is because width is big, peeling is difficult to realize, but because we have taked special plane skin mould, special plane skin technology, make the copper bar peeling even, bright annealing has been taked in intermediate annealing again, has more guaranteed copper bar finished surface fineness
4 bendings are good, and key has been added to the water seal intensity of cooling when being extruding, make grain size littler than general water seal extruding.
Electric conductivity with the copper bar contact position of this production method is good, and sheet resistance is low, and sheet resistance is than the low 2-3 Ω of common copper bar; Heat dispersion good (the electric cabinet that refers to same power); Safe in utilization, steady, reliable; Need not save nonferrous metal resource, the more important thing is that having eliminated the electroplating surfaces with tin operation brings the disagreeableness problem of a series of environmental protection at electroplating surfaces with tin.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment: the manufacture method of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
With 5mm * 80mm * 5500mm light copper bar is example:
Step 1, continuous casting 120mm * 280mm.It per hour is one ton undercurrent type disjunctor Ajax-Wyatt furnace group that the homemade cathode copper of famous brand name or import Chile copper are placed capacity, crystallizer adopts graphite, adopt dry charcoal of roasting and dace sheet graphite to cover 1140～1160 ℃ of casting temperatures, teeming speed speed (15～18) m/h.
Step 2, water seal extruding.Water seal extruding back product size is 7.3mm * 83.3mm.Step 1 gained billet is placed in the extrusion die, water seal extruding on 800 tons of double action oil hydraulic press, 850～900 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, in order to guarantee product surface quality and size stability, adopt modified ceramic to make extrusion die, it is indeformable that this extrusion die is high temperature resistant, and improve tens times than general extrusion die service life.Because water seal is arranged, product not oxidation substantially.After water seal extruding is achieved in that goods come out from the mould of extruder, the water seal head that a kind of particular design is directly arranged, it should guarantee that water does not enter mould and mold damage, under the hot state that guarantees again to come out from mould goods immediately water will with atmospheric isolation, not oxidation.My department pushes in the design in water seal, except the cooling of water seal head, has also increased by one tunnel strong cooling water at the intake chamber place, has reached good water seal effect.The grain size of goods is at 0.04m/m～0.05m/m after the check water seal, and (general water seal extruding is because intensity of cooling is not enough, and grain size is 0.06～0.09m/m), for the high-performance of following process is laid a good foundation.
Step 3, pickling neutralization.Products obtained therefrom after the step is placed in the pickling neutralization chamber pickling neutralization, and pickling is adopted suds with sulfuric acid Baume degrees 15%, neutralization, guarantees that the surface do not stay residual acid, and the hot water after the pickling cleans very important, adopts the logical steam of hot water storgae to guarantee 80 ℃ ± 5 ℃ water temperature.
Step 4, rough.Lengthening coefficient is during stretching: 1.20～1.24.Rough back product size is 6.1mm * 81.5mm, and rough lubricant adopts transformer oil to add the rape oil mixing and uses (mixing ratio 7: 3).The step 3 products obtained therefrom is placed in the rough mould, rough on 30 tons of chain type stretching-machines, for guaranteeing the glacing flatness of product, require mold center consistent with stretched center.Rough purpose is the carrying out that helps the peeling operation.
Step 5, peeling.Product is of a size of 5.95mm * 81.5mm after the peeling.The key of peeling is that accompanying drawing 1,2 is seen in the design of peeling mode.Adopt the Hough mould, different with general copper pipe peeling, be not easy stripping evenly because product plane is wide, and the resistance of peeling is very big, so adopted the peeling of band lubricant, lubricant is the emulsion of general stretching usefulness, proportioning 1: 20.
Step 6, non-oxidation annealing.The step 5 products obtained therefrom is placed network chain formula bright annealing furnace; adopt 98%～99% nitrogen to add 1%～2% hydrogen in the stove and protect 550 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of annealing temperatures, temperature retention time 1.5 hours ± 0.5 hour; there is layer protecting film product annealing rear surface, surperficial pinkiness and light.
Step 7, finish draw.Lengthening coefficient is 1.18～1.20 during stretching.Product size 5mm * 80mm behind the finish draw.Adopt band to add the lubricant of antioxidant during finish draw, this antioxidant is based on BTA, and (add 40%, proportioning is a transformer oil: rape oil: antioxidant=3: 3: 4), subacidity has corrosion resistance and non-oxidizability.The distortion that this road is stretching on the width is less, and the distortion on thickness is bigger, and is straight and bright to guarantee.
Claims (5)
1. the manufacture method of a high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, continuous casting billet---cathode copper is placed in the low-frequency furnace, and crystallizer adopts graphite, adopts dry charcoal to cover 1140～1160 ℃ of casting temperatures;
Step 2, water seal extruding---step 1 gained billet is placed in the extrusion die water seal extruding on extruder, 850～900 ℃ of extrusion temperatures;
Step 3, pickling neutralization---the step 2 products obtained therefrom is placed pickling neutralization in the pickling neutralization chamber, in the pickling and after product placed in the hot water storgae clean with hot water;
Step 4, rough---the step 3 products obtained therefrom is placed in the rough mould, rough on stretching-machine;
Step 5, peeling---the step 4 products obtained therefrom by the Hough mould, has been adopted the peeling of band lubricant;
Step 6, non-oxidation annealing---the step 5 products obtained therefrom is placed bright annealing furnace, adopt 98%～99% nitrogen to add 1%～2% hydrogen in the stove and protect 550 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of annealing temperatures, temperature retention time 1.5 hours ± 0.5 hour;
Step 7, finish draw---the step 6 products obtained therefrom is placed in the finish draw mould finish draw on stretching-machine.
2. the manufacture method of a kind of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft according to claim 1 is characterized in that the casting speed 15～18m/h of step 1.
3. the manufacture method of a kind of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft according to claim 1 is characterized in that the extrusion die of step 2 adopts the modified ceramic extrusion die.
4. the manufacture method of a kind of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft according to claim 1, lengthening coefficient 1.20～1.24 when it is characterized in that the stretching of step 4, rough lubricant adopts transformer oil to add the rape oil mixing and uses transformer oil and rape oil mixing ratio 3: 6～8.
5. the manufacture method of a kind of high performance antioxidation environmental protection copper raft according to claim 1, lengthening coefficient 1.18～1.20 when it is characterized in that the stretching of step 7, the finish draw lubricant adopts band to add the lubricant of antioxidant, this antioxidant is to add BTA in generally stretching with antioxidant, the BTA addition accounts for 35%～45% of total amount of antioxidants, and the proportioning of finish draw lubricant is: transformer oil: rape oil: antioxidant=3: 2.5～3.5: 3.5～4.5.
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| CN101935839A (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2011-01-05 | 六安市晖润粉末新材料有限公司 | Protective liquid for preventing oxidation of copper powder, and preparation method and using method thereof |
| CN102513782A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-06-27 | 江苏中容铜业有限公司 | Processing method of copper bars for electric-control high-speed motor train unit |
| CN102601150A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2012-07-25 | 白银有色集团股份有限公司 | Continuous extrusion die and continuous extrusion process for producing target row |
| CN107350299B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-12-18 | 尚成荣 | A kind of monocrystalline conductive copper bus-bar extrusion forming processing method |
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| JPS61113735A (en) * | 1984-11-08 | 1986-05-31 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Manufacture of copper or copper alloy casting |
| CN1103612A (en) * | 1993-12-11 | 1995-06-14 | 山东烟台铜材厂 | Drawing-continuous casting-stretch process for producing oxygen-free copper pipe |
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