CN100366365C - Close-pore foamed metal element with hollow ceramic and method for preparing the same - Google Patents
Close-pore foamed metal element with hollow ceramic and method for preparing the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN100366365C CN100366365C CNB2006100397721A CN200610039772A CN100366365C CN 100366365 C CN100366365 C CN 100366365C CN B2006100397721 A CNB2006100397721 A CN B2006100397721A CN 200610039772 A CN200610039772 A CN 200610039772A CN 100366365 C CN100366365 C CN 100366365C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a hollow ceramic ball sealed foam metallic element which is obtained after hollow ceramic balls are homogeneously dispersed in molten metal and are formed in moulds, and the hollow ceramic ball sealed foam metallic element comprises hollow ceramic balls (1) and a metallic matrix (2). The preheated hollow ceramic balls are added into the molten metal, after the hollow ceramic balls are uniformity dispersed by stirring cooling or/and adding a thickening agent, the molten metal is poured in the moulds, cooled and formed. The invention has the advantages of simple manufacturing process and good reproduction quality, and the foam metallic element with controllable micro structure and complex shape can be obtained. The subsequent processing is not needed or is needed little, requirements for shape design can be met, and the hollow ceramic ball sealed foam metallic element is directly used.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hardware and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of foam metal member and preparation method thereof exactly is a kind of hollow ceramic close-pore foamed metal element and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
With foamed aluminium research at most, especially the research for preparing foamed aluminium with foaming has much in the foam metal, and its sharpest edges are that cost is cheap relatively, can large-scale production; But the weakness that has the inhomogeneous and technology controlling and process difficulty of pore structure is difficult for obtaining large-sized foam metal, and its application is restricted; In addition, the foam metal material that this method obtained is because conventional follow-up machining difficulty, so be difficult to obtain the product of complicated shape, this has also limited it at automobile, many industrial extensive uses such as space flight and aviation and military affairs (H.P.Degischer, D.kriszt, Handbook of Cellular Metals:Production, Processing, Application:9-12).Except that foaming, also have THROUGH METHOD, powder metallurgic method and ball material method.
THROUGH METHOD has characteristics such as the controlled and hole perforation of structure, but technical process relative complex, the cost height, pollution is arranged, can only produce open celled foam metal [1. Wang Zhu hall, the production technology of foamed aluminum materials, structure property and application market (1), " light-alloy process technology ", 1999,27 (10): 5-10; 2. Liu Rong wears, Zuo Xiaoqing, the research of foam metal seepage flow casting technique and filler, Kunming University of Science and Technology's journal, 25 (4): 29-31].Foaming can obtain foam metal [1.Minnear W P, BewlayB P., the US Patent 5213612 of closed pore; 2. Chinese patent (Granted publication number: 1058058C); 3. Chinese patent (publication number: 1320710A).
Powder metallurgic method can production shape relative complex foamed aluminium, but have the cost height, pore structure is inhomogeneous, needs special-purpose mould and special atmosphere sintering furnace, and can only preparation size relatively than shortcomings such as small samples, limited its large-scale industrial production.
The method that the external researcher of also having cools off after adopting hollow metal iron ball (powder metallurgic method acquisition) to be distributed in the molten aluminum liquid prepares closed-cell aluminum foam, Here it is so-called ball material, but the acquisition of hollow iron ball (or other hollow metal balls) is difficulty very, cost of material height and complicated process of preparation, also can react between hollow iron ball and the base aluminum, produce fragility phase (A.Rabiei, A.T.O ' Nei11, A study on processing of a composite metal foam via casting, MaterialsScience and Engineering A 2005 (404): 159-164).
As seen, there be stability, the poor reproducibility of structural behaviour in the closed-cell foam metal material at present, and global shape is simple, complex process, and the difficult problem that price is high has limited its large-scale production and extensive use.
Publication number is that the Chinese patent of 1424416A uses hollow bead to be distributed in casting cooling in the aluminium liquid, obtained foamed aluminium, this method can only be suitable for the metal of eutectic, for high-melting point metal, the preheat temperature of hollow bead is too high, can make it softening; Publication number is that the Chinese patent of 1584077A uses the pearl that floats of taking from the flyash to be distributed in casting cooling in the aluminium liquid, obtained foamed aluminium, floated pearl and only account for about 5% of flyash, separated cumbersome, particle size is difficult to prepare the foamed aluminium of macropore only at the micron utmost point.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to and use hollow metal ball, bead in THROUGH METHOD and powder metallurgic method complex process, the ball material method, float the defective that pearl pore-creating exists, adopt hollow ceramic ball pore-creating and corresponding casting to aim to provide the simple relatively method of a kind of technology, but it is controlled and need not or closed-cell foam hardware that a little following process just can directly be used to prepare all even global shape of micro-structural.
The alleged hollow ceramic close-pore foamed metal element of the present invention is meant the hollow ceramic close-pore foamed metal element that comprises hollow ceramic ball 1 and metallic matrix 2 that obtains in die for molding after the even disperse, hollow Ceramic Balls in melt metal liquid.
Hollow ceramic spherolite footpath size and addition can be determined according to the required microstructure of the purposes of foam metal spare.Addition can be selected between 80vt% at 30vt% (percent by volume, down together), 35vt%, 40vt%.
The preparation method of this foam metal part comprises metal melting, moulding, cooling, curing and the demoulding, it is characterized in that: described moulding adds the hollow ceramic ball through preheating in melt metal liquid, or/and add the method for thickener, make the hollow ceramic ball back moulding that is uniformly dispersed by stirring down cooling.
The preheating of hollow ceramic ball is intended to prevent the molten metal local solidification, influences uniformity and flowability.
Cooling or interpolation thickener are intended to improve the viscosity of molten metal, and the freely-movable of retardance hollow ceramic ball in molten metal helps the hollow ceramic ball and evenly disperse and relative positioning.Described thickener is calcium metal or magnesium etc., and addition is 0.1～5wt% (percentage by weight, down together).
Described hollow ceramic ball can be with aluminium oxide, titanium oxide, zirconia, nickel oxide etc. or nonmetallic ore such as diatomite, bentonite, kaolin, attapulgite or flyash, and coal ore etc. obtain with the moulding of the known hollow ball method of forming, stove method sintering for raw material.
The hollow ceramic ball is non-conductive, inert is big, does not react with metal, does not influence every physical property of foam metal, and, because the intensity of pottery is higher than metal generally speaking, therefore help improving the mechanical strength of foam metal spare on the contrary.As long as the intensity of himself is guaranteed not break when stirring and pouring into a mould the filling mould, to this, the hollow ceramic ball for preparing by known method just can satisfy.In addition, the pore on hollow ceramic ball surface and roughness also help improving the wetability of itself and metallic matrix, make in conjunction with more firmly, bulk strength strengthens.The roughness on Ceramic Balls surface can be controlled easily by the particle diameter and the sintering temperature of material powder.The hollow ceramic ball is high temperature resistant, and is anti-oxidant, and applicability is strong, can be used for the preparation of all kinds of closed-cell foam metals, comprises metals such as aluminium, iron (steel), copper, lead, titanium, nickel, tin, zinc and magnesium.
Utilize the present invention, on the basis that reduces cost, simplifies technology, it is even, controlled to have obtained micro-structural, complex-shaped foam metal spare, and favorable reproducibility, do not need or need less follow-up machining just can satisfy shaped design requirement and directly use, be suitable for means of transport and occasions such as meeting room, music hall and highway such as space flight and aviation, train, automobile, steamer, military equipment.
Description of drawings
Be the cross-sectional view of a close-pore foamed metal engineering spare of hollow ceramic shown in the accompanying drawing, the hole at two ends is parallel to each other, the center line in hole and axis normal.1 is the hollow ceramic ball among the figure, and 2 is metallic matrix.
The specific embodiment
1, makes mould according to the required shape of the purposes of foam aluminum component.The metallic aluminium fusion is obtained aluminium liquid (660 ℃ of the fusing points of metallic aluminium).Hollow diatomite Ceramic Balls is preheating to about 655 ℃.The hollow diatomite Ceramic Balls that under agitation adds 75vt% in aluminium liquid continues to stir and slowly be cooled to about 650 ℃, and this aluminum mixture liquid is poured in the mould, obtains hollow diatomite Ceramic Balls closed-cell aluminum foam after cooling, the moulding.
2, make mould.Molten iron (steel) obtains liquid iron (steel).Hollow aluminium oxide ceramics ball is preheated near iron (steel) fusing point, stir the hollow aluminium oxide ceramics ball that adds 35vt% down, the calcium metal or the magnesium that add 0.3wt% then, after stirring, iron (steel) liquid that mixes is poured in the mould, obtains the close-pore foamed iron of hollow aluminium oxide ceramics (steel) part behind the cooling forming.
3, make mould.Motlten metal steel (1083 ℃ of fusing points) obtains copper liquid.Hollow attapulgite Ceramic Balls is preheated to about 1080 ℃, stir this Ceramic Balls that adds 70vt% down, the calcium metal or the magnesium that add 0.5wt% then, stir and slowly be cooled to about 1075 ℃, this mixed copper liquid is poured in the mould, obtains hollow attapulgite Ceramic Balls closed-cell foam copper spare behind the cooling forming.
4, the method by embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 prepares the close-pore foamed plumbous part of hollow ceramic.
5, the method by embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 prepares the close-pore foamed zinc spare of hollow ceramic.
6, the method by embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 prepares the close-pore foamed tin spare of hollow ceramic.
7, the method by embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 prepares the close-pore foamed nickel spare of hollow ceramic.
Claims (3)
1. hollow ceramic close-pore foamed metal element, it is characterized in that: the hollow ceramic close-pore foamed metal element that comprises hollow ceramic ball (1) and metallic matrix (2) that obtains in die for molding after the even disperse, hollow Ceramic Balls in melt metal liquid, the percent by volume of hollow ceramic ball (1) is 30～80vt%.
2. by the preparation method of the described foam metal spare of claim 1, comprise metal melting, moulding, cooling, curing and the demoulding, it is characterized in that: in melt metal liquid, add hollow ceramic ball through preheating, by cooling under stirring or/and add the method for thickener the hollow ceramic ball is uniformly dispersed after moulding.
3. preparation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described thickener is calcium metal or magnesium, and addition is 0.1～5wt%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100397721A CN100366365C (en) | 2006-04-17 | 2006-04-17 | Close-pore foamed metal element with hollow ceramic and method for preparing the same |
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| CNB2006100397721A CN100366365C (en) | 2006-04-17 | 2006-04-17 | Close-pore foamed metal element with hollow ceramic and method for preparing the same |
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| CN1843664A CN1843664A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| CN100366365C true CN100366365C (en) | 2008-02-06 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101660067B (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2012-01-11 | 太原科技大学 | Foam aluminum alloy strengthened by ceramic balls and preparing method thereof |
| JP5473855B2 (en) | 2010-10-01 | 2014-04-16 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | Mold molding method and mold molding material |
| CN103128898B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-12-03 | 重庆市科学技术研究院 | Vacuum foamed material preparation method |
| CN107069599A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-18 | 扬中市众成管路配件有限公司 | A kind of mini cable remittance wire casing and preparation method thereof |
| CN107812919A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-20 | 吉林大学 | Ceramic Balls strengthen the preparation method of magnesium-based composite material |
| CN108941516B (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-28 | 浙江工贸职业技术学院 | Preparation method of foamed aluminum |
| CN113088739A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-09 | 孙增俊 | Preparation process and preparation device of foam metal and foam metal |
| CN115029575B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-03-17 | 河北大学 | In-situ preparation method of gradient porous composite material |
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| CN1186869A (en) * | 1997-01-03 | 1998-07-08 | 孔宪中 | Porous metal material and its preparing method |
| JP2002241805A (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-28 | Kagoshima Prefecture | Fine metal-combined hollow sphere and its manufacturing method |
| CN2617778Y (en) * | 2003-01-09 | 2004-05-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Foamed aluminium with closed microcavity |
| US6773825B2 (en) * | 1997-03-31 | 2004-08-10 | Porvair Corporation | Porous articles and method for the manufacture thereof |
| CN2652944Y (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2004-11-03 | 丁育凡 | Artificial foam aluminium |
| CN1584077A (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-02-23 | 郑州大学 | Foaming aluminium and aluminium alloy closed cell ball vesicular agent |
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2006
- 2006-04-17 CN CNB2006100397721A patent/CN100366365C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1186869A (en) * | 1997-01-03 | 1998-07-08 | 孔宪中 | Porous metal material and its preparing method |
| US6773825B2 (en) * | 1997-03-31 | 2004-08-10 | Porvair Corporation | Porous articles and method for the manufacture thereof |
| JP2002241805A (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2002-08-28 | Kagoshima Prefecture | Fine metal-combined hollow sphere and its manufacturing method |
| CN2617778Y (en) * | 2003-01-09 | 2004-05-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Foamed aluminium with closed microcavity |
| CN1584077A (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-02-23 | 郑州大学 | Foaming aluminium and aluminium alloy closed cell ball vesicular agent |
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