CN100365410C - On-line digital image electromagnetic permanent-magnet mixed field spectrum sensor - Google Patents
On-line digital image electromagnetic permanent-magnet mixed field spectrum sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN100365410C CN100365410C CNB200510041894XA CN200510041894A CN100365410C CN 100365410 C CN100365410 C CN 100365410C CN B200510041894X A CNB200510041894X A CN B200510041894XA CN 200510041894 A CN200510041894 A CN 200510041894A CN 100365410 C CN100365410 C CN 100365410C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an on-line digital image type electromagnetic permanent magnetism composite excitation iron spectrum sensor which comprises iron cores, coils and magnetic poles, wherein the coils are sheathed on the iron cores, the magnetic poles are fixed to the iron cores, a permanent magnet is arranged in a gap between the two iron cores, at least one auxiliary work air gap is arranged in a magnetic path, a main work air gap is reserved at the middle of each magnetic pole, light guiding glass is installed in the main work air gap of each magnetic pole, a flat plate light source is installed at the middle of each magnetic pole, and the flat plate light source is connected with the magnetic pole and the light guiding glass; magnetic poles are provided with flow passages, a lens is arranged in each flow passage, the lens is connected with one or a plurality of CMOS image sensors which are connected with printed circuit boards, and the printed circuit boards are provided with output ports. By using a composite excitation mode and the CMOS image sensors, the size and power consumption of the on-line iron spectrum sensor can be greatly reduced, and iron spectrum image information of abraded mill grains can be obtained in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensor, particularly a kind of online image-type electromagnetic permanent-magnet mixed field spectrum sensor.
Background technology
Analyzing iron spectrum is meant the effect that utilizes high strength and high-gradient magnetic field, the ferromagnetism abrasive particle that the machine friction by-product is given birth to is separated from fluid, it is deposited in an orderly manner according to granularity, and the wear particle deposition situation analyzed, be used for the analysis of mechanical friction abrasion mechanism and situation, fluid performance evaluation, reach the mechanical running status of monitoring, avoiding fault, improve purposes such as friction pair design, is the most direct and effective method of mechanical fault diagnosis and Life cycle design.
Off-line ferrograph and on-line ferrograph sensor are the instruments that carries out analyzing iron spectrum.The off-line ferrograph carries out the timing sampling observation for the fluid of monitored equipment, makes the spectrum sheet, uses iron spectrum microscope or other corresponding instrument equipment off-lines to finish analyzing iron spectrum work.The off-line ferrograph can not become electric signal with the abrasive particle information translation in the fluid, at aspects such as sampling, film-making and interpretations of result, depends on experience and other instrument and equipments of operating personnel, and automaticity and integrated level are low, complicated operation, consuming time.The on-line ferrograph sensor is directly installed in the fluid circulation system of equipment, by means of the on-line ferrograph sensor, with the abrasive particle information translation in the fluid is electric signal, can carry out continuous, automatic and directly monitoring to the rubbing wear state of machinery, can obtain in theory than the better monitoring effect of off-line ferrograph.Only according to the shading area of deposition abrasive particle, estimation deposits the situation of abrasive particle to existing on-line ferrograph instrument.
The on-line ferrograph sensor needs the online wear particle deposition that repeatedly carries out, therefore the magnetic field that deposits abrasive particle must be controlled, and the information of wear particle deposition must be converted to electric weight, and these two problems are to reduce the iron spectral sensor volume, improves the main difficult point of iron spectral sensor performance.
Nineteen ninety, Xi'an Communications University researchs and develops out online electromagnet spectrometer, and has obtained Chinese patent (90223714.4) " the online ferrograph of electromagnetism photoelectricity ".Online electromagnet spectrometer, the permanent magnet that utilizes electromagnet to replace the off-line ferrograph to adopt produces controlled deposition abrasive particle magnetic field, realizes the deposition repeatedly of abrasive particle.In context of detection,, obtain and wear particle deposition amount and the relevant aanalogvoltage of size-grade distribution by measurement to abrasive particle shading area.In order to deposit the abrasive particle in the fluid effectively, the electromagnet size is big, and detects the image information that abrasive particle shading area obviously can not reflect wear particle deposition preferably.
Calendar year 2001, Xi'an Communications University has obtained Chinese patent (01240347.4) " on-line monitoring ferrograph ".This patent is still utilized the electromagnet excitation, realize the deposition repeatedly of abrasive particle, but on detecting, this ferrograph is except measuring the shading area of deposition abrasive particle, the topography that also uses optical fiber will deposit abrasive particle is transmitted on the cmos device, obtains depositing the data file of abrasive particle geological information.Realized the electrical measurement of the wear particle deposition geological information of on-line ferrograph sensor, but the restriction of examined light path and transmission mode design, this invention is only carried out image acquisition to deposition abrasive particle part, can't in bigger scope, obtain the image information of deposition abrasive particle, data acquisition and processing (DAP) software and hardware complexity, and owing to use the electromagnet excitation, sensor bulk is big, brings a lot of difficulties for online use.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of online digital image electromagnetic permanent-magnet mixed field spectrum sensor is provided, its volume is little, convenient for installation and maintenance, automaticity and integrated level height.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The present invention includes iron core, coil and magnetic pole, wherein mounting coil is on iron core, on iron core, be fixed with magnetic pole, in the gap of two iron cores, be provided with permanent magnet, a back work air gap is set in magnetic circuit at least, in the middle of magnetic pole, leaves main working gas gap, in the main working gas gap of magnetic pole leaded light glass is installed, in the middle of magnetic pole flat-plate light source is installed, flat-plate light source is connected with magnetic pole and leaded light glassy phase; Runner is installed on the magnetic pole, camera lens is arranged in the runner, camera lens links to each other with one or more cmos image sensors, and cmos image sensor is connected on the printed circuit board (PCB), and output port is arranged on the printed circuit board (PCB).
A groove has been opened at the middle part of runner, and the upper and lower in this groove embeds lower surface and upper surface respectively, the formation oil pocket.The upper surface top is a camera lens, has the hole at the two ends of flow path groove, the connecting pipe joint.
The magnetic field acting in conjunction that electromagnetic field that iron core, coil and magnetic pole produce and permanent magnet produce is in the oil pocket of runner, and the size of magnetic field intensity is by the voltage-regulation of coil.
Runner is made by non-magnet_conductible material.
Lower surface and upper surface adopt optical glass, are tightly connected with runner.
The present invention can reduce the volume and the power consumption of on-line ferrograph sensor greatly by the use of composite excitation mode and cmos image sensor, and the iron spectrogram that can obtain wear debris in real time is as information.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the wiring layout of picture signal collecting part of the present invention and runner;
Fig. 4 is a flow passage structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Accompanying drawing is specific embodiments of the invention;
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing content of the present invention is described in further detail:
With reference to shown in Figure 1, principle of work of the present invention is: under electromagnet and permanent magnet composite excitation unit 18 situation that externally power supply is powered, produce the deposition abrasive particle and wash away the needed magnetic field of abrasive particle; Fluid enters runner 5 by joint, under the action of a magnetic field the ferromagnetism wear debris in the fluid is deposited; The iron spectrogram picture that will deposit abrasive particle by photoelectric signal collection and modular converter 19 outputs to computing machine by the form of standard format image file.
With reference to shown in Figure 2, the present invention includes iron core 1, coil 2 and magnetic pole 3, coil 2 is sleeved on unshakable in one's determination 1, be fixed with magnetic pole 3 on unshakable in one's determination 1, be provided with permanent magnet 4 in the gap of two iron cores 1, back work air gap 17 is left in the top of permanent magnet 4, in the middle of magnetic pole 3, leave main working gas gap 16, in the main working gas gap of magnetic pole 3 leaded light glass 15 is installed, in magnetic pole 3 middle lower portion flat-plate light source 9 is installed, flat-plate light source 9 is connected with the bottom surface of magnetic pole 3 and leaded light glass 15; Runner 5 is installed in the top of magnetic pole 3,14 expression USB output ports.
The controllable magnetic field of electromagnet and permanent magnet composite excitation can be realized the deposition repeatedly of abrasive particle.When wear particle deposition, the magnetic field that magnetic field that coil 2 produces in the runner 5 above main working gas gap 16 and permanent magnet 4 produce superposes in the same way, obtain the high magnetic flux density and the high magnetic flux density gradient magnetic of deposition abrasive particle, when removing abrasive particle, the stack of two parts FR makes that the magnetic field in wear particle deposition zone is zero.Therefore, electromagnet and permanent magnet composite excitation mode can obtain controllable magnetic field, realizes the deposition repeatedly of abrasive particle easily.Because the magnetic induction density that the unit volume permanent magnet produces is much larger than electromagnet, so this composite excitation mode is compared with the excitation mode of simple use electromagnet, can reduce the volume and the driving power (and because temperature rise that power consumption is brought) of sensor greatly.On the other hand,, need not to drive,, can't realize the deposition repeatedly of abrasive particle, thereby can't use simple permanent magnet excitation because its magnetic field is uncontrollable though the permanent magnet excitation volume is little.
Magnetic circuit in the electromagnet and permanent magnet composite excitation has main working gas gap 16 and 17 two air gaps of back work air gap.By adjusting the parameter of back work air gap 17, can change the magnetic field that permanent magnet produces in main working gas gap 16.She Ji benefit is when removing abrasive particle like this, for the magnetic induction density that makes main working gas gap 16 is zero, the reverse electromagnetism excitation that is applied only needs to offset the magnetic field that permanent magnet produces in main working gas gap 16, and the magnetic field on the back work air gap 17 remains unchanged substantially.Though the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet that occurs on the back work air gap 17 does not participate in wear particle deposition, the influence that is reflected on the volume of sensor is very little.On the other hand, because the existence of auxiliary gap, make main working gas gap 16 magnetic induction density is zero, requiredly applies the sub-fraction that the electromagnetism excitation only is a permanent magnet excitation.Because working sensor is at the deposition abrasive particle and remove the duty that abrasive particle frequently replaces, permanent magnet is not demagnetized in the time of can guaranteeing long-term work, stable performance.
Light source uses flat-plate light source 9, compare with direct use light emitting diode, need not the accessory that uses equal luminescent material to make in addition, the light intensity uniformity of light source itself just can satisfy request for utilization, the spectrum of light source and the technical requirement of cmos image sensor match, good integrity, installation, adjustment and easy to maintenance.
Flat-plate light source 9 is fixed on main working gas gap 16 belows, and photoelectric signal collection and printed circuit board (PCB) 13 are fixed in the top of runner 5.Made full use of the clearance spaces of excitation part, photoelectric signal collection and conversion portion and fluid are isolated fully, have improved the integration and the reliability of sensor.
It is excitation part and light source power supply that sensor only needs one group of low-voltage dc power supply, and the scope of deposition abrasive particle and demonstration is 5-160 μ m, has wide measurement range, has satisfied the requirement of various application occasions.
With reference to shown in Figure 3, a groove has been opened at the middle part of runner 5, and embeds lower surface 6 in this groove bottom; Embed upper surface 7 on groove top.Upper surface 7 tops are camera lenses 10, and camera lens 10 is fixed on the lens bracket 11, and one or more cmos image sensors 12 are arranged above camera lens 10, and cmos image sensor 12 is connected on the printed circuit board (PCB) 13, and USB output port 14 is arranged on the printed circuit board (PCB) 13.
Runner 5 uses non-magnet_conductible material to make.For the consideration of aspects such as intensity, machinability and machining precision, runner 5 has adopted non-magnetic duralumin or brass.For the needs that detect, the lower surface 6 of runner and upper surface 7 have adopted printing opacity good optical glass.Lower surface 6 and upper surface 7 use epoxy resin and runner 5 are bonding, have guaranteed good sealing property.Lower surface 6 does not contact with magnetic pole 3, (material of lower surface 6 is an optical glass can to reduce the thickness of lower surface 6 like this, if contact with magnetic pole 3, glass just must have certain intensity and thickness), thereby reduce the vertical range of the oil pocket and the main working gas gap of runner, improve the magnetic induction density of runner oil pocket, can obtain better deposition effect.
With reference to shown in Figure 4, a groove has been opened at the middle part of runner 5, and embeds lower surface 6 and upper surface 7 in this groove, forms oil pocket, has the hole at the two ends of runner 5 grooves, connecting pipe joint 8.
Runner 5 is installed in main working gas gap 16 tops, and pipe adapter 8 is equipped with at runner 5 two ends, and the fluid circular flow of monitored equipment is through the controllable magnetic field of sensor, and the fluid flow direction is perpendicular to the magnetic induction density direction.Runner 5, lower surface 6 and upper surface 7 constitute an oil pocket together, and oil pocket is in the space magnetic field of main working gas gap generation.
When fluid was flowed through runner 5, under the effect of space magnetic field, the wear particle deposition in the fluid was on lower surface 6; If space magnetic field is zero, be deposited on the fluid that the abrasive particle on the lower surface 6 then flowed through and taken away, form clean depositional plane, thereby can realize depositing repeatedly abrasive particle.
Claims (3)
1. online digital image electromagnetic permanent-magnet mixed field spectrum sensor, comprise iron core (1), coil (2) and magnetic pole (3), wherein coil (2) is sleeved on the iron core (1), on (1) unshakable in one's determination, be fixed with magnetic pole (3), it is characterized in that, in the gap of two iron cores (1), be provided with permanent magnet (4), a back work air gap (17) is set in magnetic circuit at least, in the middle of magnetic pole (3), leave main working gas gap (16), in the main working gas gap (16) of magnetic pole (3) leaded light glass (15) is installed, in the middle of magnetic pole (3) flat-plate light source (9) is installed, flat-plate light source (9) is connected with magnetic pole (3) and leaded light glass (15); Runner (5) is installed on the magnetic pole (3), camera lens (10) is arranged in the runner (5), camera lens (10) links to each other with one or more cmos image sensors (12), cmos image sensor (12) is connected on the printed circuit board (PCB) (13), USB output port (14) is arranged on the printed circuit board (PCB) (13), runner (5) is made by magnetic conductive metal material not, a groove has been opened at the middle part of runner (5), and in this groove, embed light transmission good optical lower glass surface (6) and light transmission good optical surface on glass (7), form oil pocket.
2. online digital image electromagnetic permanent-magnet mixed field spectrum sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, has the hole at the two ends of runner (5) groove, connecting pipe joint (8).
3. online digital image electromagnetic permanent-magnet mixed field spectrum sensor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the magnetic field acting in conjunction that electromagnetic field that (1) unshakable in one's determination, coil (2) and magnetic pole (3) produce and permanent magnet (4) produce is in the oil pocket of runner (5), and the size of magnetic field intensity is by the voltage-regulation of coil (2).
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| CNB200510041894XA CN100365410C (en) | 2005-04-04 | 2005-04-04 | On-line digital image electromagnetic permanent-magnet mixed field spectrum sensor |
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| CNB200510041894XA CN100365410C (en) | 2005-04-04 | 2005-04-04 | On-line digital image electromagnetic permanent-magnet mixed field spectrum sensor |
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| CN100365410C true CN100365410C (en) | 2008-01-30 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100365413C (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2008-01-30 | 西安交通大学 | Short deposition distance image on-line iron spectral apparatus and method |
| CN102288524B (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-11-06 | 西安交通大学 | On-line image visual ferrography stack-free concentration index monitoring method for deposited abrasive particles |
| CN102323195B (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2013-05-22 | 西安交通大学 | Experimental deposition parameter setting method for online image visible ferrograph device |
| CN102494973B (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-06-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Online type full-flow visible ferrograph |
| CN103278431B (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2015-02-25 | 西安交通大学 | On-line monitoring and analyzing method of lubrication oil wear particles based on video acquisition |
| CN103983543B (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2017-01-04 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of online image visual ferrum spectrum imaging system |
| CN104949904B (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2017-10-27 | 广州机械科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of apparatus and method for detecting fluid magnetic-particle |
| CN108896448B (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2020-10-16 | 重庆邮电大学 | Online metal particle monitoring sensor and monitoring method based on axial high-gradient magnetic field |
| CN109738338A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-05-10 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of online metallic particles monitoring device of heavy caliber lubricant passage way and its detection method |
| CN111282713B (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2021-11-12 | 山东大学 | Electromagnetic device and method for ordered deposition of wear particles |
| CN114367377A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-19 | 中国核工业电机运行技术开发有限公司 | Magnetic field generating assembly for orderly separating and obtaining particles and separating method thereof |
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