CN100363849C - Parameter setting method for milling cutter processing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a parameter setting method for finishing cutters, which comprises an interface program and a screen, wherein the interface program outputs a parameter input picture on the screen, and a plurality of processing conditions are input to the parameter input picture, wherein the processing conditions comprise grinding position selection, edge number selection, a milling cutter helical angle, a milling cutter diameter, a cutting length, a milling cutter rotation angle, etc., the interface program generates a series of processing codes so that a driving controller can start to process. Software which is suitable for users can be formed according to needs by using the parameter setting method that auxiliary grinding processing software program is matched with a controller system program for finishing cutters; in addition, the present invention has the advantage that the software and the hardware of a controller can be easily upgraded; the processing precision of a milling cutter can be improved, and the grinding processing cost of a milling cutter can be saved.

Description

The parameter setting method of milling cutter processing

Technical field

The invention relates to a kind of parameter setting method of milling cutter processing, refer to a kind of parameter setting method of the milling cutter processing of setting with area of computer aided especially.

Background technology

Early stage traditional manufacturing industry is that the simple facility with the manual operation heaviness go to make and produce, its process is not only consuming time, and quality is coarse, promote day by day for the machining level, converted products is complicated day by day, and today that the product precision is rigorous day by day, process tool reconditioning quality certainly will will be followed synchronously and be progressed greatly, the quality of cutter grinding quality directly influences cutting edge roundness wearing and tearing and product quality.If because of the cutter grinding angle is not right, thus reconditioning repeatedly, waste unnecessary man-hour, just increase the cost of reconditioning cutter virtually.So for how promoting tool lapping technology and level, obtain good accuracy, and prolong cutter life, be necessary every size of cutter is accurately controlled, and set up fast and job procedure accurately.

Existing milling cutter processing and fabricating, the depth of cut that system grinds with manual mode control, general system uses a traditional grinding machine, grinding machine is provided with a chuck and a grinding wheel, processed milling cutter system is held on the chuck, the processor is in hand rotation handwheel mode, and the position depth of cut of control grinding wheel utilizes grinding wheel milling cutter to be carried out the operation of cutting edge roundness reconditioning.

Yet, have the method for controlling every milling cutter processing parameter with manual mode of operation now, its precision deficiency, and unstable, different milling cutters are behind processing grinding, and the angle that its blade grinds can't keep frequent unanimity, cause the quality of milling cutter to stablize, increase the manufacturing cost of many milling cutter processings.

The patent of invention content

In recent years along with the development of high-tech and robotization and the emergence of personal computer, the personal computer arithmetic speed is can reach industrial requirements, impelled the rise of PC-Based controller, utilize its advantage littler, faster, that use is easier, cost is lower, become a kind of trend so various instrument systems are combined.

Based on this kind trend trend, the present invention promptly develops and the technological means that use PC-Based controller is used for the conventional tool grinding machine, to solve the problem that existing manually input milling cutter processing parameter is produced.

Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide the parameter setting method of the milling cutter processing of a kind of assisted milling machining software and the collocation of controller system program, it can work out the software that is fit to the user with the need, and has the advantage of easily controller being carried out the software and hardware upgrading.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention system includes:

One interface routine and a screen are provided, and interface routine is exported parameter input picture on screen;

Import plural processing conditions in parameter input picture, and the use operation steps of entire parameter input picture:

(A) select grinding position, wherein, grinding position includes a radial cut top rake and a radial relief angle;

(B) if select the radial cut top rake in the step (A), carry out following steps:

(a) select the blade rotation direction;

(b) select the cutting blade number;

(c) input processing conditions, wherein, processing conditions includes a milling cutter ' s helix angle, a milling cutter diameter, cutting length, a speed of feed, a withdrawing speed, changes sword speed, grinding wheel diameter, milling cutter cutter groove depth and a milling cutter anglec of rotation;

(d) produce a series of code processings; And

(e) begin processing;

(C) if select the radial relief angle in the step (A), carry out following steps:

(a) select the angle of relief lapping mode, wherein, the angle of relief lapping mode includes a recessed relief, a flat relief and an eccentric relief;

(b) set emery wheel feed amount;

(c) select the blade rotation direction;

(d) select the cutting blade number;

(e) input processing conditions, wherein, processing conditions includes a milling cutter ' s helix angle, a milling cutter diameter, cutting length, a speed of feed, a withdrawing speed, changes sword speed, grinding wheel diameter, milling cutter cutter groove depth and a milling cutter anglec of rotation;

(f) produce a series of code processings; And

(g) begin processing.

The present invention uses the parameter setting method of aforementioned milling cutter processing in order to the collocation of assisted milling machining software and controller system program, and the effect that can specifically reach is:

Utilize the high opening framework of PC-Based controller, can work out the software that is fit to the user with the need, and easily controller is carried out the advantage of software and hardware upgrading, the knowledge technology that milling cutter is required, be designed to the collocation of an assisted milling machining software and controller system program, produce the NC program that is fit to cutter easily, so reduce the time of calculating greatly, and reduce the mistake that is produced because of manual input with coding.

Simultaneously, the software interface program is by the slip-stick artist's design that has wide experience for the abrasive tip milling cutter, operating personnel need not remember loaded down with trivial details G, M Code instruction, program will alert, input cutter outward appearance, emery wheel, conditions such as tool parameters, and with this meaning of moving of illustration, can know that also institute arranges even have no the user of experience, when the NC alarm takes place when, operating personnel can inquire about debug method immediately on controller, needn't browse operation manual in addition, but and simulated program path before the processing, the physical damage that is produced because of artificial careless mistake therefore can be reduced.Generally speaking, with the parameter input data and cooperate instruction formula operation, can produce the NC program easily, provide controller to read processing, so just great help be arranged for processing ageing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the stereographic map of chuck, emery wheel, scale and the milling cutter of the tool-grinding machine of preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is that the milling cutter of preferred embodiment Fig. 1 of the present invention adds man-hour, is turned to the synoptic diagram of a c by milling cutter one school cutter point a.

Fig. 3 is that the milling cutter of preferred embodiment Fig. 1 of the present invention adds man-hour, and emery wheel is moved to the synoptic diagram of the bottom b of milling cutter by a school cutter point a.

Fig. 4 is among preferred embodiment Fig. 2 of the present invention and Fig. 3, the triangle relation synoptic diagram between 3 of a, b and c.

When Fig. 5 was the emery wheel withdrawing of preferred embodiment of the present invention, milling cutter rotated the synoptic diagram of an angle Q.

Fig. 6 is among preferred embodiment Fig. 5 of the present invention, when milling cutter withdraws from emery wheel, and the synoptic diagram of milling cutter and emery wheel.

Fig. 7 is the triangle relation synoptic diagram of the calculating radial cut top rake of preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the triangle relation synoptic diagram at the calculating radial relief angle of preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of the parameter input picture of preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is the process flow diagram of preferred embodiment of the present invention.(representative graph)

Figure 11 is the process flow diagram that parameter input picture of the present invention uses operation steps.

[primary clustering symbol description]

(10) chuck (11) scale

(12) emery wheel (20) milling cutter

Embodiment

Preferred embodiment of the present invention is that end mill is applicable to various uses with the machined parameters establishing method of end mill as an illustration, and most of with being used in the side milling, the main machined parameters of end mill includes: sword number, external form, helix angle etc., wherein:

The general end face sword of end mill number is 2 swords or 4 swords, the difference of cutting blade number influences the single cutter performance greatly, 2 swords are bigger than 4 sword cutting slots, so 2 swords have good chip resistance, but because sectional area is less, therefore the rigidity of cutter own reduces, flexible in heavily milling occasion, produce bad milling face, machining precision is also had harmful effect.The row of 4 swords cuts poor-performing, because the cutter sectional area is bigger, can obtain rigidity preferably, and general use can obtain preferable finished surface rugosity.Because the feeding of 4 sword end mills is 1.5-2 times of 2 swords, so can do high efficiency processing.General using priciple is: the more person of cutting blade number is used in finishing, and the less person of cutting blade number is selected in roughing for use.

Helix angle, helix angle are in order to reduce the vibrations in the cutting and to improve the indispensable factor of cutting sharpness.General use is gone up helix angle and is designed to approximately between 15-60 °.Helix angle end mill about 15 ° is used for keyway processing, master screw angle about 30 ° is that general processing is used, spiral about 45 ° is the end mill that has master screw and powerful spiral concurrently, spendable scope is more extensive, and the high strength helical about 60 ° then is used for milling HRC (Rockwell's hardness) and surpasses 50 glass hard steel.

External form, general end mill end face are divided into according to the difference that designs two kinds of center pit and no center pits.The person that has the center pit can not do central cutting, but uses blunt back reconditioning easy.No center pit person can do central cutting, and holds sword that the branch that one is long and the other is short must be arranged, and long sword should be advisable with interior to surpass center 0.5.And the form that the cutter external form is ground generally can be divided into (radially) angle of relief and two kinds at (radially) cutting angle.And angle of relief can be subdivided into three kinds of forms such as recessed relief, flat relief, eccentric relief, and the basic definition and the effect at above-mentioned (radially) angle of relief and (radially) cutting angle for the personage who is familiar with this skill can understand, are therefore no longer given unnecessary details.

Please refer to shown in Figure 1, preferred embodiment of the present invention, be to use a conventional tool grinding machine, grinding machine includes a chuck (10), a scale (11) and a grinding wheel (12), be provided with servo motor and PC-based controller in the grinding machine, to control the amount of feeding of A-Y diaxon respectively, wherein, the A axle is the turning axle of chuck (10), and Y-axis is the horizontal shifting axle of bed table top of emery wheel (12).Chuck (10) is gone up clamping a milling cutter (20) to be processed, when the A-Y diaxon is moving together, gives under the required length condition in lead of screw, produces spiral effect, to reach the purpose of the spiral blade that grinds milling cutter (20).

Please with further reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, carry out milling cutter (20) and add man-hour, emery wheel (12) moves to the bottom b of milling cutter (20) by a school cutter point a along Y-axis, A axle rotation simultaneously makes school cutter point a move to a c, wherein, the moving distance of y-axis shift is the length of cut E of milling cutter (20), the angle that the A axle rotates, know for F=Etan α (as shown in Figure 4) by the trigonometric function relation, wherein, F is the distance that a point is ordered to c, and α is the helix angle of milling cutter (20).

The F of above gained is a long measure, thus must be again be calculated as angular unit, so,

$F=\frac{D}{2}\·\mathrm{\γ},\⇒\mathrm{\γ}=\frac{2F}{D}\mathrm{rad}=\frac{2F}{D}\·\frac{180}{\mathrm{\π}}\mathrm{deg}$

Wherein, γ is the pairing angle of arc length F, and arc length F is the pairing arc length of the A axle anglec of rotation of chuck (10), and D is the diameter of milling cutter (20).

Please refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, when milling cutter (20) is ground to bottom b, need make milling cutter (20) break away from emery wheel (12) in the face of tool when returning again with chuck (10) with respect to A axle opposite spin one angle Q, emery wheel (12) is not made abrasive action when returning, change sword again and grind.

When milling cutter (20) withdrawed from emery wheel (12), milling cutter (20) and emery wheel (12) must keep a segment distance, and when avoiding changing sword, emery wheel (12) runs foul of each other with milling cutter (20).Wherein, as shown in Figure 6, the distance that milling cutter (20) withdraws from is:

Because Δ ABD ^-Δ BCD,

So $\frac{J}{d-G}=\frac{G}{J},$

$\⇒J^2=G(d-G),$

$\⇒J=\sqrt{G(d-G)};$

Wherein, d is the diameter of emery wheel (12), and J is that milling cutter (20) should withdraw from the distance of grinding starting point, and G is the cutting blade height of milling cutter (20); Be distance that milling cutter (20) must withdraw from J length at least just can avoid changing sword the time emery wheel (12) run foul of each other with milling cutter (20), finish the action of changing sword.

Please refer to shown in Figure 7ly, according to aforementioned, emery wheel (12) and milling cutter (20) are withdrawn into the position of grinding starting point by school cutter point a again to grinding endpoint b, and the relation of emery wheel between it (12) and milling cutter (20) can be put in order and is:

About the radial cut top rake, as shown in Figure 7, wherein, each parameter is defined as:

α: milling cutter ' s helix angle;

N: school cutter point;

O: grinding endpoint;

M: grind starting point;

The Y:Y axle;

The A:A axle;

E: the milling cutter length of cut that desire is ground;

F: when milling cutter grinds the length of E the A axle the arc length that should rotate;

J: milling cutter is withdrawn into the distance of grinding starting point by school cutter point;

K: milling cutter is withdrawn into by school cutter point and grinds starting point A arc length that axle should rotate;

Wherein, K correspond to the A axle the angle that should rotate be:

$K=\frac{D}{2}\·\mathrm{\ψ},$

$\⇒\mathrm{\ψ}=\frac{2K}{D}\mathrm{rad}=\frac{2K}{D}\·\frac{180}{\mathrm{\π}}\mathrm{deg},$

K: milling cutter is withdrawn into by school cutter point and grinds starting point A arc length that axle should rotate;

D: milling cutter diameter;

The pairing angle of ψ: arc length K;

Please refer to shown in Figure 8ly, about the radial relief angle, wherein, each parameter is defined as:

α: milling cutter ' s helix angle;

Q: school cutter point;

R: grinding endpoint;

S: grind starting point;

The Y:Y axle;

The A:A axle;

E: the milling cutter length of cut that desire is ground;

F: when milling cutter grinds the length of E the A axle the arc length that should rotate;

T: milling cutter is withdrawn into the distance of grinding starting point by school cutter point;

U: milling cutter is withdrawn into mill starting point A arc length that axle should rotate by school cutter point;

Wherein, U correspond to the A axle the angle that should rotate be:

$U=\frac{D}{2}\·\mathrm{\η},$

$\⇒\mathrm{\η}=\frac{2U}{D}\·\frac{180}{\mathrm{\π}}\mathrm{deg},$

U: milling cutter is withdrawn into by school cutter point and grinds starting point A arc length that axle should rotate;

D: milling cutter diameter;

The pairing angle of η: arc length U;

And when the user when abrasive action begins, according to the abrasion site difference, emery wheel and milling cutter should be adjusted to correct position, otherwise the size that processes, may be different, even the danger that collides with the value of original setting.So must confirm before processing whether the position of milling cutter and emery wheel is correct.

Please refer to Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10, by the position information of the resulting milling cutter of aforementioned inference with respect to emery wheel, if when wanting practice to employed machine tool grinding machine, these data must be converted to the receptible NC program code of machine tool, general this kind of title is converted to aftertreatment, and the software that development is come out is called post processor.

We can decide the NC processing program code of cutter by several important parameters:

1, milling cutter ' s helix angle α;

2, milling cutter diameter D;

3, edge of milling cutter rotation direction;

4, the milling cutter cutting blade is counted P;

5, speed of feed L;

6, length of cut E;

7, grinding wheel diameter d;

8, milling cutter cutter groove depth G.

After program development was finished, the present invention can be write the position of desiring grinding as following NC program code form according to the grinding position of milling cutter (12):

About the radial cut top rake:

The 1st row :/G91 G01 A (ψ) .Y (J) .F (L).; That is, mix up emery wheel and milling cutter relative position after, milling cutter is withdrawed to grinding starting point by school cutter point;

The 2nd row: G91 G01 $A(-(\mathrm{\ψ}+\frac{360F}{\mathrm{\πD}})).$ Y (E+J) .F (L); That is, move to grinding endpoint by grinding starting point;

The 3rd row: A (Q).; That is A axle opposite spin one angle made the milling cutter face of tool break away from emery wheel when, milling cutter was return;

The 4th row: $A(\mathrm{\ψ}+\frac{360F}{\mathrm{\πD}}).$ Y ((E+J)).; That is, emery wheel is return starting point fast;

The 5th row: A (Q).;

The 6th row: A (P).; That is, change sword.The milling cutter cutting blade is counted two-edged layout 180 degree, three sword layouts, 120 degree, four sword layouts, 90 degree;

The 7th row: $A(-(\mathrm{\ψ}+\frac{360F}{\mathrm{\πD}})).$ Y (E+J).; That is, move to grinding endpoint by grinding starting point;

Eighth row: A (Q).; That is, A axle opposite spin one angle makes the milling cutter face of tool break away from emery wheel;

The 9th row: $A(\mathrm{\ψ}+\frac{360F}{\mathrm{\πD}}).$ Y ((E+J)).; That is, emery wheel is return starting point fast

The 10th row: A (Q).;

The 11st row:, then walk to the 10th row and repeat again to write once from the 6th if the 6th row P is 120 o'clock; If the 6th row P is 90 o'clock, then walks to the 10th row and repeat to write secondary again from the 6th

The 12nd row: M30; That is EOP (end of program).

About the radial relief angle:

The 1st row :/G91 G01 A (η) .Y (T) .F (L).; That is, mix up after the relative position of emery wheel and milling cutter, milling cutter is withdrawed to grinding starting point by school cutter point;

The 2nd row: G91 G01 $A(-(\mathrm{\η}+\frac{360F}{\mathrm{\πD}})).$ Y (E+T) .F (L); That is, move to grinding endpoint by grinding starting point;

The 3rd row: $A\left((\mathrm{\η}+\frac{360F}{\mathrm{\πD}})\right).$ Y ((E+T)).; That is, return starting point;

The 4th row: A (P).; That is, the milling cutter cutting blade is counted two-edged layout 180 degree, three sword layouts, 120 degree, four sword layouts, 90 degree;

The 5th row: $A(-(\mathrm{\η}+\frac{360F}{\mathrm{\πD}})).$ Y (E+T).; That is, move to grinding endpoint by grinding starting point;

The 6th row: $A\left((\mathrm{\η}+\frac{360F}{\mathrm{\πD}})\right).$ Y ((E+T)).; That is, return starting point;

The 7th row:, then walk to the 6th row and repeat again to write once from the 4th if the 4th row P is 120 o'clock; If the 4th row P is 90 o'clock, then walks to the 6th row and repeat to write secondary again from the 4th;

Eighth row: M30; That is EOP (end of program);

As shown in Fig. 9 right-hand side white square, be for the present invention according to above-mentioned steps input machined parameters after, the NC program code form that is produced.

Because different NC program codes all will derive again according to different milling cutter parameters, just can obtain corresponding machining path, so will seem and not have efficient, and lose time.Most on the market at present end mill can define the geometry external form of cutter, and the path equation formula of cutter be the function of parameter according to above-mentioned Several Parameters, therefore, expresses but the aforementioned parameters derivation gives sequencing, to save the derivation time.

At first, edit an interface routine with Embedded Visual Basic program language, in aforementioned equation of deriving and cutter related data write-in program, program is exported parameter input picture (as shown in Figure 9) on a screen, program is assigned the setting of abrasion site or cutter correlation parameter thus, and pairing NC program code calculated, provide controller to read, making servo motor drive lead screw moves the bed platform of emery wheel (12), move to corresponding coordinate points, and demonstrate the track route.

Please referring to shown in Figure 11, the use operation steps of entire parameter input picture of the present invention is:

The grinding position of at first selecting desire to grind, grinding position be divided into the radial cut top rake with radially from (surplus) clearance angle, and radially mainly can be divided three classes from (surplus) clearance angle pattern, recessed relief, flat relief and eccentric relief, three kinds of each have their own characteristics of form, recessed relief mouth intensity is relatively poor, but grind easily, be fit to light cut, flat relief is the most general a kind of relief tooth shape formula, and its cutting edge strength is between recessed relief and eccentric relief, and eccentric relief cutting edge strength is the highest, but Ginding process is complicated, and at present general manufacturing works are for radially adopting this kind form from (surplus) clearance angle major part.According to select radially from (surplus) clearance angle pattern difference, parameter setting is difference to some extent also, the angle of recessed relief is that the centre-height of adjusting emery wheel is controlled, centre-height is with grinding wheel diameter and the decision of radial relief angle, flat relief rotates a radial relief angle value with milling cutter, control flat angle of relief, and eccentric relief must be in an angle that emery wheel and cutter spindle are tilted when grinding, the angle of inclination determines according to the helix angle and the radial relief angle of milling cutter.

In the process of grinding angle of relief, the A axle is responsible for controlling milling cutter (20) rotation, the bed platform of Y-axis control emery wheel (12) laterally moves, but there is no the axis servomotor of control feed, manually control emery wheel (12) feed after the every circulation primary of program, the amount of feeding then also has different calculation methods because of the difference that angle of relief is selected, the user only needs the desired parameter of loading routine to get final product, program can calculate the depth of cut, and being scaled the scale that handwheel should rotate, the user only need finish according to each amount of feeding segmentation and get final product.And must withdraw from emery wheel (12) opportunity of feed in milling cutter (20), just grind cutter under the starting point, therefore emery wheel (12) withdraws from milling cutter (20) fully the time, can directly not contact, not allow milling cutter (20) not withdraw from emery wheel (12) and directly go up feed before at milling cutter (20) with milling cutter (20).

Above-mentioned disclosed technological means of the present invention; be only in order to preferable enforcement state of the present invention to be described; but do not represent enforcement aspect of the present invention to be limited to above-mentioned disclosed preferred embodiment; to being familiar with the personage of this technology; according to the present invention do as external form or size go up but in fact with the identical change of the disclosed technological means of the present invention, also should not be excluded from outside the claim that the present invention desires to ask for protection.

Claims (5)

1. the parameter setting method of a milling cutter processing, it includes:

One interface routine and a screen are provided, and described interface routine is exported parameter input picture on described screen; And

Import plural processing conditions in described parameter input picture, wherein, the input method of the parameter of described milling cutter processing includes:

A. select a grinding position, wherein, described grinding position includes a radial cut top rake and a radial relief angle:

B. if in the described steps A, select described radial cut top rake, carry out following steps:

A. select a blade rotation direction;

B. select a cutting blade number;

C. import processing conditions, wherein, processing conditions includes a milling cutter ' s helix angle, a milling cutter diameter, cutting length, a speed of feed, a withdrawing speed, changes sword speed, grinding wheel diameter, milling cutter cutter groove depth and a milling cutter anglec of rotation;

D. produce a series of code processing; And

E. begin processing;

C. if in the described steps A, select described radial relief angle, carry out following steps:

A. select an angle of relief lapping mode, wherein, described angle of relief lapping mode includes a recessed relief, a flat relief and an eccentric relief;

B. set an emery wheel feed amount:

C. select a blade rotation direction;

D. select a cutting blade number;

E. import processing conditions, wherein, processing conditions includes a milling cutter ' s helix angle, a milling cutter diameter, cutting length, a speed of feed, a withdrawing speed, changes sword speed, grinding wheel diameter, milling cutter cutter groove depth and a milling cutter anglec of rotation;

F. produce a series of code processings; And

G. begin processing.

2. the parameter setting method of milling cutter processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein said parameter input picture is provided with plural number prompting key, behind the selection of the step a in described step C angle of relief lapping mode, press described prompting key, can show the relevant ornaments position of emery wheel with the milling cutter of corresponding described angle of relief lapping mode on the described screen.

3. the parameter setting method of milling cutter processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein, if the step a in described step C be chosen as recessed relief the time, described interface routine can require to import a radial relief angle and a grinding wheel diameter.

4. the parameter setting method of milling cutter processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein if the step a in described step C be chosen as eccentric relief the time, described interface routine can require to import a radial relief angle and a milling cutter ' s helix angle.

5. the parameter setting method of milling cutter processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selection of each described blade rotation direction includes a dextrorotation sword and a left-handed sword is selected.6, the parameter setting method of milling cutter processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selection of each described cutting blade number includes one 2 swords, one 3 swords and the selection of one 4 swords.

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