CN100362361C - Downhole operation staff positioning and tracking system and method thereof - Google Patents
Downhole operation staff positioning and tracking system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100362361C CN100362361C CNB2004100223646A CN200410022364A CN100362361C CN 100362361 C CN100362361 C CN 100362361C CN B2004100223646 A CNB2004100223646 A CN B2004100223646A CN 200410022364 A CN200410022364 A CN 200410022364A CN 100362361 C CN100362361 C CN 100362361C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an underground operation workman positioning and tracking system and a method thereof. An electronic identification tag (1) is carried about by underground operation personnel, and the positioning and tracking system is composed of an antenna (10) and a device which is connected with the antenna (10) and is used for receiving interrogation signals (5) and emitting coded signals (6). A node transmitting/receiving device (2) is positioned on a tunnel line and is composed of an antenna (25), a coded signal receiving device and an interrogation signal emitting device, wherein the coded signal receiving device transfers the coded signals (6) to a system host machine (4) positioned in a monitoring center through a transmission system (3).
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a positioning and tracking system and a method for underground operators.
Background art:
the online positioning and tracking of the underground operation personnel has very important significance for scheduling of underground operation, safety production supervision and control of underground operation, rescue after an accident, reduction of loss caused by the accident and the like.
There are many system products for positioning and tracking a ground moving target, such as a Global Positioning System (GPS), a radar system, and an application system based on a video technology, but none of these products can be applied to a downhole environment due to the particularity of an underground tunnel and the environment deterioration.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide an underground operator positioning and tracking system based on an electronic identity card and a method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
the invention relates to a positioning and tracking system for underground operators.A electronic identity card 1 is carried by the underground operators and comprises an antenna 10, and devices connected with the antenna and used for receiving an inquiry signal 5 and transmitting a coded signal 6, a node transceiver 2 is positioned on a tunnel edge line and comprises an antenna 25, a device for receiving the coded signal 6 and a device for transmitting the inquiry signal 5, and the device for receiving the coded signal 6 transmits the coded signal 6 to a system host 4 positioned in a monitoring center through a transmission system 3.
The shell of the electronic identity card 1 is internally provided with a power supply circuit 11 and a receiving and transmitting mode switch switching circuit 18 connected with the built-in omnidirectional antenna 10, and the output of the switching circuit is connected with the input end RX of a signal receiving and transmitting module 13 IN The input end of the switching circuit is connected with the output end TX of the transceiver module 13 through a power amplifier OUT Connected, the output terminal RX of the signal transceiver module 13 OUT Sequentially passes through the signal comparison circuit 14, the trigger circuit 15, the code signal generation circuit 16, the signal serial output processing circuit 17 and the input end DATA of the transceiver module 13 IN And (4) connecting.
The signal comparison circuit 14 comprises a serial-in parallel-out shift processing circuit, a comparison circuit and a system identification code generation circuit, wherein the 1D end of a register group of the serial-in parallel-out shift processing circuit is connected with the RX of the transceiving module 13 OUT The output end 1D of the register group is connected with the corresponding input ports P0 and P of the corresponding cascade digital comparators of the comparison circuit according to the bit 1 、P 2 、P 3 Pin, input terminal Q of comparator 0 、Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 Each unit with pins connected to system identification code generating circuitThe output of the coder, the input of the coder are connected with a set button group and a trigger pulse, and the output end of the comparator is contacted with the input ends R of two cross-coupled NOR gates or two NAND gates of the power generation circuit 15 D The output of the gate circuit is connected with the input end of the encoder of the encoded signal generating circuit 16, the output of the encoder is connected with the input of the CT74LS199 chip of the signal serial output processing circuit 17, the output of the chip is connected with the DATAIN pin of the signal transceiver module 13, and the SH and CD pins of the chip are connected with the gate circuit G 2 ，Q A ，Q 7 -Q 2 Pin gate circuit G 1 ，G 1 ，G 2 The output terminal of the switch is connected to send out a parallel-serial completion flag signal.
The node transceiver 2 has a power supply circuit 27, a transmission/reception mode switch switching circuit 31 connected to the antenna 25, and a switching circuit 31RX OUT RX for terminal-to-signal transceiver module 30 IN End connection, switching circuit 31TX IN TX via a power amplifier and transceiver module 30 OUT End connection, RX of Transceiver Module 30 OUT RX of the end and answer signal forwarding module 32 IN RX of end-connected, transponding module 32 OUT The terminal is connected to the system host 4 via the transmission system 3, the output of the node query signal generation circuit 28 is connected to the serial output processing circuit 29, and the output of the circuit 29 is connected to the DATA of the transmission/reception module 30 IN And end connection.
The transceiver module 30 is an integrated block LMX3162, the signal forwarding module 32 is an integrated block 89C51, and the transceiver mode switch circuit 31 is an integrated block 2436400.
The node interrogation signal generation circuit 28 has several 8421BCD encoders connected in parallel, the inputs of which are connected to the set buttons and trigger pulses, and the output of which is connected to the serial output processing circuit 29 and the D of the CT74LS199 chip 0 -D 7 End of chip Q A ，Q 7 -Q 2 Pin gate circuit G 1 Gate circuit G for pin of SH, CD 2 ，G 2 One end of which inputs a negative pulse start signal G 1 And G 2 Outputs a parallel-to-serial conversion completion flag signal S, and the CT74LS199 chip outputs serial DATA to the DATA of the transceiver module 30 IN And (4) end.
The host 4 comprises a microwave receiving host, a network switch 38 and a central processing host 39, wherein a processing mainboard 41 is arranged in a shell 40 of the central processing host 39, a central processor 50 is arranged on the mainboard 41 and is connected with memories 51 and 52, a network card 47, a display card 48 and an external keyboard/mouse data interface circuit 49, the network card 47 is connected with the network switch 38 through an interface 43, and the network switch 38 is connected with the microwave receiving host or/and the forwarding module 32.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) The electronic identity card device presets a system identification code which is uniformly distributed to underground operators or is distributed to temporary underground operators additionally, the underground operators are required to carry with the system identification code when going down the well, the electronic identity card code is input into an online monitoring personnel registration table of a host system when the electronic identity card is distributed, the system host registers the electronic identity card code distributed by the personnel, the entry time and the node number into the online monitoring personnel registration table, so that the card carrying personnel enter a monitored personnel queue,
(2) Node transceiver devices are arranged along the tunnel at certain intervals, an inquiry signal generating circuit of the node transceiver device generates a group of coded signals under the action of clock pulses, the coded signals adopt system identification codes and are sequentially output to a signal transceiver module under the control of a serial output processing circuit to complete signal modulation to form node inquiry signals which can be transmitted, and the node inquiry signals are transmitted to a set node inquiry signal triggering area formed by covering microwave signals through an antenna,
(3) When the person enters the node inquiry trigger area and receives the system identification code sent by the node transceiver, the electronic identity card is demodulated by the signal transceiver module and then judged by the coding comparison circuit to be valid, if the system identification code is consistent with the system identification code of the electronic identity card, the comparison circuit outputs high level to trigger the R of the circuit D The terminal receives the level signal to cause the output terminal Q of the trigger to generate a trigger signal to trigger the code generating circuit to work once, the code generating circuit generates a string of unique fixed-length codes to indicate that the personnel arrives at the node, the code character string is transmitted into the signal receiving and transmitting module in sequence character by character under the control of the serial output circuit to complete modulation processing and is transmitted to the transmitting antenna to be transmitted outwards, thereby completing the response registration work of the personnel to the current monitoring node receiving and transmitting device, once the signal transmission is completed, the state of the receiving and transmitting mode switch circuit is reversed to make the electronic identity card in the inquiry signal receiving working state,
(4) After receiving the electronic identity card response signal carried by the person, the node transceiver synthesizes the code demodulated and processed by the electronic identity card response signal and the node number into a forwarding signal through the signal transceiver module and transmits the forwarding signal to the monitoring center host system,
(5) The host system is arranged in the monitoring center, is connected with the receiving and transmitting devices of all nodes in the well through network cables, transmits signals to the host through a network transmission line and a network switch,
(6) The monitoring center host system continuously acquires response registration information when the electronic identity card carried by each underground operator passes through each node from the network switch, knows which person reaches which node, and stores the information into the memory device and the hard disk storage device after processing; reading the geographical position description information in the monitoring node description information table stored in the hard disk of the host system to obtain the current position of each monitored object,
(7) When the underground operator returns to the ground and passes through the exit node, the operator calls out the registration data of the operator from the personnel registration table of the host computer of the system and deletes the operator from the online monitoring personnel registration table of the host computer.
The online monitoring personnel registration form comprises an electronic identity card code, a personnel name and arrival node time, the online monitoring personnel registration form comprises the personnel name and the electronic identity card code, and the monitoring node description information form comprises a node number and a node geographical position description field.
The method and the device have the advantages that the positioning and tracking operation is not influenced by tunnel light and geographical conditions, the system structure is simple, and the system construction cost is low.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of the electronic identification card device.
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a node transceiver.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a structure of a host computer.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transmit/receive mode switch switching circuit.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a transceiver module.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a node interrogation signal comparison circuit.
FIG. 8 is a logic diagram of a one-bit digital comparator.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a flip-flop circuit.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an encoding signal generating circuit.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a circuit set for generating a code signal.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a signal serial output processing circuit.
Fig. 13 is a signal transceiving module diagram.
FIG. 14 is a schematic circuit diagram of an electronic identification card apparatus.
Fig. 15 is a schematic circuit diagram of a node transceiver device.
Fig. 16 is a flowchart of the on-line monitoring person registration processing.
Fig. 17 is a flow chart of online monitoring personnel data acquisition.
FIG. 18 is a flow chart of a downhole operator positioning process.
Fig. 19 is a system data structure explanatory table.
Fig. 20 is a table showing 2-system description of an example of the electronic identification card number generation.
FIG. 21 is a table showing waveforms of digital signals sequentially outputted from the code generation circuit
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the system of the invention adopts a special electronic identity card device 1, a node transceiver 2, a corresponding transmission system 3 and a host system 4 to form a complete processing system. The node transceiver 2 transmits a node inquiry (microwave) signal 5 to the electronic identity card device 1, and the electronic identity card device 1 transmits an electronic identity card number (microwave) signal 6 as a response signal to the node transceiver 2 after receiving the node inquiry signal.
The system structure of the invention is shown in figure 1. Wherein:
1= electronic identification card device. Is the front end signal generator used by the patent system and the monitored personnel. When the personnel pass through the monitoring node, the node inquiry signal triggers the system to send a response signal, and the system judges the current position of the personnel according to the response signal.
2= node transceiving means. The system is used for generating a system inquiry signal to trigger the electronic identity card entering the monitoring node to complete one-time response and receiving the serial number information of the electronic identity card transmitted when the electronic identity card responds.
3= signal transmission network. The electronic identity card response information receiving method can be used for transmitting the electronic identity card response information received by the node to the monitoring center host system.
4= host system. And completing network signal receiving, converting, storing, personnel positioning, tracking and managing.
5= node interrogation signal. The system identification code transmitted by the node transceiver after being modulated into the microwave signal is used for triggering the electronic identity card of the personnel entering the signal area to generate a response signal.
6= electronic identification card coded signal. When the personnel pass through the monitoring node, the personnel are triggered by the node inquiry signal and then send a response signal to the system, and the signal is the unique number of the electronic identity card.
The electronic identity card device 1 is provided with a shockproof dustproof shell 7, and a small lamp 8 for indicating the power supply state and a small lamp 9 for indicating the signal transmitting state are arranged on the shell; a battery 11 and a corresponding power circuit 12 are arranged in the shell to provide the required working power supply for the whole electronic identity card; a built-in omnidirectional antenna 10, the transmitting and receiving power of which is set within 50 meters radius, the antenna works at 2.4G frequency point, the antenna is connected with ANTI/O port of the receiving and transmitting mode switch switching circuit 18, and the antenna works according to half duplex and cross works in the receiving state of node inquiry signal 5 or the transmitting state of electronic identity plate coding signal 6 under the control of the receiving and transmitting mode switch switching circuit 18; transmit-receive mode switch switching circuit [18]RX of OUT RX of wire and signal transceiver module 13 IN The pins are connected for transmitting the received node interrogation signal 5 into the electronic identification card, TX IN The wire passes through a power amplifierTX with Signal Transceiver Module 13 OUT The pins are connected and used for transmitting the electronic identity card number signal 6 outwards, so that a working mode conversion part is formed; a trigger part consisting of a node inquiry signal comparison circuit 14 and a trigger circuit 15; a set of digital code signal generating circuit 16 which enters into working state after being triggered by the triggering part and a signal generating part which is composed of a signal serial output processing circuit 17 and provides DATA signals of the number signals of the electronic identity cards to be sent to the transceiving module 13 IN The pin is processed by the transceiver module 13 and then sends the electronic identity card number signal 6 to the antenna.
The structure of the electronic identity card device 1 is shown in figure 2. Wherein:
5= node interrogation signal.
6= electronic identification card number signal.
7= electronic identification card housing.
8= power status indicator light. Is connected with the power supply to indicate whether the power supply is normal or not.
9= emission status indicator light. And the RSSI pin of the transceiver module 13 is connected with the RSSI pin to indicate the working state of signal receiving and transmitting.
10= antenna. And completing the omnidirectional transmission of the signal.
11= battery.
12= power supply line. For converting mains or battery power into a stable power supply required by all circuit components of the device. This patent adopts ordinary power supply circuit.
13= wireless transceiver module. And completing the receiving and transmitting processing of the radio frequency signal. Wherein the TX OUT TX pin through power amplifier and transmit-receive mode switch switching circuit 18 IN Pin connection, RX IN RX pin and transmit-receive mode switch switching circuit 18 OUT The pins are connected to complete the work of receiving and sending signals from and to the antenna, and the RSSI pin and the emission status indicator lamp [9 ]]Connected to provide signal state display level, GND pin grounded, V DD The pin being connected to the power input, RX OUT Pin asThe output of the received signal is connected to a node interrogation signal comparison circuit 14 to output the reception from the antennaAnd the baseband signal, DATA, after signal demodulation processing by mixing, intermediate frequency amplification, etc IN The pin is used as the input of the electronic identity card coding signal and is connected with the signal serial output processing circuit 17 to receive the electronic identity card coding signal. The circuit schematic of the transceiver module is shown in fig. 6.
14= node interrogation signal comparison circuit. The comparison between the inquiry signal code and the system identification code set by the electronic identity card is completed. The circuit principle is shown in figure 7. The circuit is composed of three parts of a serial-in and parallel-out shift register group, a comparison circuit group and a system identification code generating circuit group. Wherein the serial-in parallel-out shift register set transmits the interrogation signal to the transceiver module 13RX under the action of the shift command (CP pulse) OUT The digitally encoded baseband signals (serial signals) output by the pins are respectively stored in the individual registers by bit shift, and the signals are transmitted to the P of the corresponding input port of the cascade digital comparator by bit through the output port of each register 0 P 1 P 2 P 3 A foot; meanwhile, the system identification code generating circuit group is under the action of the trigger pulse signal according to S 0 S 1 S 2 S 3 The set values parallelly generate 2-system code of system identification code and output it bit by bit, and each coder of said coder group outputs Y 0 Y 1 Y 2 Y 3 Q respectively connected to input ports corresponding to cascade digital comparators 0 Q 1 Q 2 Q 3 A foot; each individual comparator in the comparator circuit group uses 4-bit comparator, which undertakes the comparison of one character (4 bits 2-bit code), the output end of P = Q will generate a high level ("1") if the match is met, otherwise, a low level ("0") is generated, and because of the cascade connection, when any one bit comparator outputs a low level (non-match), the final output of the whole comparator cascade group will be a low level ("0"). When the comparison result is completely matched, the final output (high level) of the comparator cascade will form an R of the flip-flop circuit 15 connected to it D The terminal inputs a signal.
15= trigger circuit. For generating a trigger signal. The circuit is formed by cross coupling of two NOR gates or two NAND gates. The flip-flop circuit principle is seen in fig. 9. In the figure, R D S D Are two inputs of a flip-flop, where R D Is directly set at the 0 terminal, S D For the direct 1-set terminal QQ are two complementary output terminals, Q =0 when Q = 1; the flip-flop is in the-1 state when Q =1, and the flip-flop is in the 0 state when Q = 0. R of flip-flop D Directly connected to the output of the aforementioned system identification code comparison circuit 16. When the system identification code comparison circuit does not work or the comparison result is not accordant (the circuit outputs low level), the trigger keeps normal state and does not generate a trigger signal; when the system identification code comparison circuit outputs a high level, R D The high level causes the flip-flop to emit a trigger pulse which will trigger the code signal generating circuit bank 16 to generate a set of electronic identification card code signals.
16= code signal generating circuit group. And completing the generation of the electronic identity card or the node repeater system identification code. The circuit principle is shown in fig. 10. In the schematic diagram, 8421BCD code encoding principle is adopted to convert '0' -9 ' digital signals into corresponding 2-system code signals, and Y is used for converting the 2-system code signals 3 Y 2 Y 1 Y 0 And (4) showing. The output of the circuit is inputted as the D terminal of the signal serial output processing circuit 17 of the next stage. The coding logic employed can be expressed as the following expression:
17= signal serial output processing circuit. For changing the digital code sequence signal inputted in parallel into serial output signal. The signal serial output processing circuit principle refers to fig. 12. In which the CT74LS199 chip is on-gate G 1 And G 2 Under the control of D 7 D 6 D 5 D 4 D 3 D 2 D 1 D 0 And the serial output signal is converted into a serial output signal, sent to a DATAIN pin of the signal transceiver module 13, modulated and amplified by the signal, and then sent to the node forwarding device as a response signal of the electronic identity card.
18= a transmission/reception mode switch switching circuit. The switching of two working modes of signal receiving and signal transmitting of the electronic identity card device is controlled. The circuit principle is shown in figure 5. The circuit adopts a switch chip of 2436400- ". Wherein chip ANT LO The pin is connected with the antenna; the TX/RX pin is used as a receiving/transmitting mode switch, when the pin inputs high level, the chip is in a transmitting mode, and the radio frequency signal of the electronic identity card transmitting circuit is transmitted from the TX IN Leading in a pin and sending the pin to an antenna; when the TX/RX pin inputs low level, the chip is in receiving mode, and the radio frequency signal received by the antenna is transmitted from RX OUT Leading out to a receiving circuit. V DD Is the chip power input.
The node transceiver 2 has a firm body 21, connect with a directional aerial 25 that can receive and transmit the signal at the same time on the body, the aerial 25 is in operation, the signal coverage area that is thrown on the road surface forms a node that presumes the size and presents the oval to trigger the interrogation zone; the back plate of the shell 21 is provided with a wired transmission interface slot 22, a wireless transmission interface slot 23 and an external power supply socket 24; a group of power circuits 27 are arranged in the shell to provide stable power for the device; and a signal transceiver module 30 for performing a transmission process of the inquiry signal 5 and a reception process of the electronic identification card number signal 6 and a transmission/reception mode switch switching circuit 31 for performing a modulation of the transmission signal and a demodulation process of the reception signal, wherein TX of the signal transceiver module 30 OUT The wire passes through a power amplifierTX of amplifier and Transmit-mode switch switching Circuit 31 IN The pins are connected for transmitting the node interrogation signal 5 outwards, RX IN RX for pin and transmit-receive mode switch switching circuit 31 OUT The pins are connected and used for receiving the electronic identity card response signal 6, so that a signal transceiving component is formed; a node inquiry signal generating component composed of a group of digital code signal generating circuits 28 and a signal serial output processing circuit 29 completes the generation of inquiry signals and outputs the inquiry signals to DATA of a signal transceiver module 30 IN A pin; and a signal transceiving module 30RX OUT The electronic identification card number signal forwarding and processing module 32 connected with the pins receives the electronic identification card coding signal, combines the electronic identification card coding signal with the node number signal, and outputs the signal to the slot of the wired transmission interface 22 or the wireless transmission interface 23 for external transmission.
The structure of the node transceiver 2 is shown in fig. 3, wherein:
5= node interrogation signal
6= electronic ID card number signal
21= node transceiver shell
22= wired transmission output interface
23= wireless transmission output interface
24= external power interface. Is a standard power interface.
25= antenna
26= battery. Is a common battery. The capacity depends on the microwave transmitting power requirement of the system.
27= power supply line. Is a standard power line.
28= node interrogation signal generation circuit group. The circuit principle is shown in figure 11.
29= node interrogation signal serial output processing circuit. The circuit principle is shown in fig. 12.
30= wireless transceiver module. And completing the receiving and transmitting processing of the radio frequency signal. Wherein TX OUT TX pin through power amplifier and transmit-receive mode switch switching circuit 31 IN Pin connection, RX IN RX of pin and transceiving mode switch switching circuit 31 OUT The pins are connected to complete the work of receiving and transmitting signals from and to the antenna, the GND pin is grounded, and V is connected to ground DD The pin being connected to the power input, RX OUT Output and response signal forwarding module 32RX with pin as receiving signal IN The pins are connected to output baseband signals, DATA, received from the antenna and demodulated by mixing, IF amplification, and the like IN Pin as input of node inquiry signal and signal serial output processing circuit [29 ]]The connection receiving node interrogates the signal. The circuit schematic of the transceiver module is shown in fig. 6.
32= signal forwarding module. A programmable singlechip chip 89C51 is adopted. Completing the access of the electronic identity card response signal, combining the response signal with the node number signal and then passing the signal through RX OUT Pin out to wired transmission interface [22]And a wireless transmission interface 23 slot for the work of outgoing transmission. The circuit principle is shown in fig. 13.
The host system 4 includes a network switch 38 and a central processing host 39. The network switch 38 may be implemented as a conventional switch product, such as WS-C3750G-24T-E from CISCO, USA, and ultimately accesses the central processing host 39. The transmission line is directly connected to the network switch 38. The central processing host 39 is a common PC computer structure, and has a solid shell 40, on the shell there is an interface 43 for connecting with the network switch, an external power supply interface 42, an interface 46 for external display device, an external keyboard interface 44, a mouse interface 45, in the shell there is a computer mainboard 41, on the mainboard 41 is inserted a network card 47 for connecting with the switch for collecting and converting network transmission data, a display card 48 for outputting host information to the external display, a keyboard interface processing component and mouse interface processing component 49, a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 50 for system management and operating program, a set of readable and writable memory component (RAM) 51 for storing processing information for storing the monitoring data collected at the front end and temporary data used by software operation, a hard disk component (HD) 52 connected with the mainboard 41 for storing data for long time for storing all the collected data and result data processed by special software, a positioning analysis special software 53 installed in the hard disk component (HD) 52 to complete the registration of information of personnel entering into the network, data collection, positioning function of monitoring personnel, etc.
The host system architecture is shown in figure 4. Wherein:
38= network switch
39= central processing unit
40= main unit shell
41= main board. Is a common computer mainboard.
42= external power interface. Is a common computer power interface.
43= network interface. Is a common computer network card interface.
44= external keyboard interface. For the interface of a common computer keyboard
45= external mouse interface. Is a common computer mouse interface.
46= external display device interface. Is a common computer display card interface.
47= network card. Is a common computer network card.
48= display card. Is a common computer display card.
49= external keyboard/mouse data interface circuit. Is a common computer keyboard/mouse interface circuit.
50= central processing unit CPU. Is a common computer CPU, such as the Pentium 4 chip from INTEL corporation, USA.
51= random access memory RAM. Is a memory bank of a common computer.
52= hard disk memory HD. Is a common computer hard disk.
53= special purpose processing software
The method comprises the following steps:
1. the electronic identity card device is uniformly distributed to underground operators or is distributed to temporary underground operators additionally, the underground operators are required to carry with the electronic identity card device when going into the well, and the serial number of the electronic identity card is input into a personnel registration form of the host system when the electronic identity card is distributed. When a person enters a detection area and approaches to monitoring nodes, the system host registers the codes, the entering time and the node numbers of the electronic identity cards allocated by the person into an online detection person information table so as to enter a detected person queue, and when an underground operator returns to the ground and passes through a boundary node, the system host calls out the registration data of the person and deletes the person from the online monitoring person registration table.
2. All the node transceiver devices of the system are distributed at certain intervals along the direction of all people flowing in the tunnel according to monitoring requirements and are fixedly installed on each monitoring node to form a monitoring network. The inquiry signal transmitting and processing component of the node transmitting and receiving device makes the digital code signal generating circuit continuously generate a group of code signals under the action of clock signals, the signals can adopt system identification codes and are set before system installation, the signals are sequentially output to the signal transmitting and receiving module under the control of the serial output processing circuit to complete signal modulation so as to form node inquiry signals which can be transmitted, the inquiry signals are transmitted to a set signal area through an antenna, and the signal area is covered by microwave signals to form an elliptic node inquiry trigger area.
3. The electronic identity card device is in a to-be-received working state before receiving no inquiry signal. When a person enters a node inquiring area, after receiving a node inquiring signal, the electronic identity card device firstly demodulates through a signal transceiving module, then judges the validity of the inquiring signal through a coding comparison circuit, if the inquiring signal is consistent with a set code of the system, the comparison circuit outputs a high level, an SD end of the trigger circuit receives the level signal, an output end Q of the trigger generates a trigger signal to trigger a coding generation circuit to work once, the coding generation circuit generates a string of unique fixed-length coding characters, the coding character string is transmitted into the signal transceiving module word by word according to the sequence from a high-order byte to a low-order byte under the control of a serial output circuit to complete signal modulation processing, and is transmitted to a transmitting antenna to be transmitted outwards, and therefore the response registration work of the person to a current monitoring node is completed. Once the signal transmission is completed, the state of the receiving and transmitting mode switch circuit is turned over to make the electronic identity card in the inquiry signal receiving working state.
4. After the node transceiver receives the response signal of the electronic identity card, the coded data demodulated and processed by the response signal of the electronic identity card and the node number are synthesized into the forwarding data host system through the signal transceiver module and transmitted.
5. The host system is installed in the monitoring center. The node signals are transmitted to the host system via the network transmission lines and the network switch.
6. The monitoring center host system continuously acquires response registration information of each person passing through each node from the network switch, and stores the response registration information into the memory device and the hard disk storage device after processing; and the current position of each monitoring person is obtained through the processing of the calculation and analysis module.
The special software processing of the system is a background processing center of the system and is installed and operated in a host system of a detection center. The special software mainly comprises an electronic identity card information registration module when a person enters/exits a monitoring area, an automatic data acquisition and processing module for sending response information to the system when the person passes through each monitoring node, an analysis and processing module for the current position of the person and the like. To better understand the working details of the patented system, the processing logic of each module is described as follows.
The on-line monitoring information registration module comprises two parts of registration processing when a person enters a monitoring area and monitoring state registration processing when the person exits the monitoring area. When personnel enter monitoring nodes at the entrance of the monitoring area, the registration processing logic is as follows: and the system host registers the codes, time and node numbers of the electronic identity cards distributed by the personnel to an online detection personnel information table. The processing logic when the personnel exits the monitoring area is as follows: when the underground operator returns to the ground and passes through the exit node, the system host calls out the registration data of the operator, all the detection data generated after the operator enters the monitoring area at this time is transferred into a historical data file, and then the relevant monitoring information of the operator is deleted from the online monitoring operator information table. The host system online detection information registration module processing logic of this patent is shown in fig. 16.
The processing logic of the data acquisition module is as follows: when receiving an electronic ID card number data transmitted from a non-exit/entrance node receiving/transmitting device from a network, the current time of the host system is obtained and recorded in an online detection information registry file together with an electronic ID card response signal and a node number. The data collection processing logic of the host system of this patent is shown in fig. 17.
The processing logic of the personnel positioning analysis processing module is as follows: when a user needs to inquire the current position of a person, the system retrieves the latest record of the person from the online monitoring person registration table and displays the latest record together with the description information of the node where the person is located. The host system personnel location analysis processing logic of the present invention is shown in FIG. 18.
The data structure of the host system specific software therein is shown in fig. 19.
The flow and state transitions of the system signals are illustrated as follows:
the state conversion of the inquiry signal generated by the node transceiver and the response signal generated by the electronic identity card device of the system has the following rules:
digital encoded signal → baseband signal → frequency band signal → radio frequency signal … (antenna) … radio frequency signal → frequency band signal → baseband signal → digital encoded signal
System interrogation signal:the signal is generated by the node transceiver, transmitted by the antenna and received by the electronic identity card. The state transition process is as follows:
● The state value of a coding switch group set in the node transceiver determines a system identification code, and the system identification code is processed and output as a group of (4 characters) parallel output 8-system baseband signals by a coding generation circuit; as the digital '9' is converted to a 2-ary '1001' signal;
● The signal is converted into a baseband signal which is output in series from parallel input under the control of a time sequence circuit;
● The base band signal output in series is modulated and processed by the node signal transceiving module, is output as a radio frequency signal and is sent to an antenna to be emitted outwards;
● The electronic identity card device receives the radio frequency signal (system inquiry signal) described above through an antenna, and the radio frequency signal is demodulated and processed into a baseband signal through a signal transceiving module;
● The baseband signal is compared and operated by the comparison circuit of the electronic identity card device to judge the validity of the inquiry signal and form a high-level pulse wave when the inquiry signal is valid, and the pulse wave acts on the input end of the trigger circuit and enables the trigger circuit to send out a trigger signal. At this point, the system interrogation signal state transition period ends.
Electronic identity card response signal: the electronic identity card device generates the signal, transmits the signal through the antenna and is received by the node transceiver. The state transition process is similar to the system interrogation signal generated by the node transceiver device, but in the opposite direction. Briefly described as follows:
● The state switch value of the coding switch group set in the electronic identity card device determines the coding value of the electronic identity card, and the coding value is processed by a coding generation circuit and output as a group of (8 characters) parallel output 2-system baseband signals;
● The signal is changed from parallel input into a baseband signal of serial output under the control of a time sequence circuit of the electronic identity card device;
● The baseband signal of serial output is modulated and processed by the signal transceiver module, output as the radio frequency signal and send into the aerial to send out;
● The node transceiver receives the above-described radio frequency signal (electronic identity card response signal) of the electronic identity card through an antenna of the node transceiver, and the radio frequency signal is demodulated and processed into a baseband signal through the node signal transceiver module;
● The baseband signal is transmitted to the network via the node forwarding component. And ending the state conversion period of the response signal of the electronic identity card.
Signals forwarded by node transceiver to each host system of network: briefly described as follows:
● The forwarding part of the node transceiver synthesizes the received electronic identity card response signal and the node number into forwarding data, and transmits the forwarding data to the network output interface, and the forwarding data is transmitted to the receiving port of the network switch through the network transmission line;
● The host obtains signals from the receiving port of the switch, or puts the signals into a memory or stores the signals into a hard disk.
To further illustrate the present invention, specific examples are given below. However, the contents of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned in the examples.
In this embodiment, the electronic identification card device 1 adopts a LMX3162 integrated chip of National company, and the operating frequency of the electronic identification card device 1 is 2.4GHz. The basic circuit structure is shown in fig. 12. The working principle of the circuit is as follows:
RX of node interrogation signal 5 through LMX3162 signal transceiver module IN The pins enter, pass through RX after demodulation processing OUT The pins are output to a coding comparison circuit, under the action of a shift pulse, signal waveforms are sent to registers of a shift register group one by one, data in the registers and coded data output by a preset system identification coding circuit are grouped and compared bit by bit in a CT7485 comparator cascade combination according to 4 bit groups, when all data are consistent, a P = Q end of the last stage of the comparison circuit outputs a '1' level which is used as an input of a trigger RD to cause an output end Q of the trigger to output a trigger pulse which triggers code generation operation of the set code coding circuit, and the pulse is sent to an RX/TX pin of a signal switch circuit to drive the circuit to be turned from a receiving state to a transmitting state. Thereby completing the receiving, converting and comparing process of the node inquiry signal;
under the action of trigger pulse, a group of codes representing the serial numbers of the electronic identity cardsThe code signals are generated in a configuration code generating circuit consisting of 8 8421 encoders which are grouped into 4 groups per group of two characters and are connected to the parallel data inputs D of the cascaded combinations of CT744LS199 parallel-to-serial converters, respectively, each group of encoded signals being to be input to a corresponding pin D of the CT744LS199 parallel-to-serial converter 0 D 1 D 2 D 3 D 4 D 5 D 6 D 7 Completing the conversion process of serial output of parallel data and Q thereof 0 DATA with pins feeding DATA one by one to signal transceiver IN Pin, when the data processing is finished, the gate circuit G of the parallel-serial processing circuit 1 A negative pulse is output to trigger the next CT744LS199 parallel-serial converter to work until all data are converted. When the last stage CT744LS199 parallel-serial converter is finished, its gate circuit G 1 A negative pulse will be output to the RX/TX pin of the signal switching circuit as a 'transmission end' flag signal.
Slave electronic identity card device LMX3612 chip DATA IN The data input by the pin in series is processed by signal modulation of the electronic identity card device from TX OUT The pin outputs the signal and transmits the signal to the antenna through the switch circuit.
In this embodiment, the node transceiver 2 adopts an LXM3162 integrated chip of National company, and the operating frequency of the node transceiver 2 is 2.4GHz; the signal forwarding module adopts an 89C51 singlechip. The basic circuit structure is shown in fig. 13. The working principle of the circuit is as follows:
under the action of clock pulse in the device, a group of system identification code signals are generated in a setting code generating circuit consisting of 4 8421 encoders, and the setting code is divided into 2 groups according to each group of two characters, and is cascaded with CT744LS199The parallel data input ends D of the parallel-serial converter combination are respectively connected, and each group of coded signals are input to a corresponding pin D of the CT744LS199 parallel-serial converter 0 D 1 D 2 D 3 D 4 D 5 D 6 D 7 Completing the serial output conversion process of the parallel data and Q therefrom 0 DATA with pins feeding DATA one by one to signal transceiver IN Pin, when the data is processed, the gate circuit G of the parallel-serial processing circuit 1 A negative pulse is output to trigger the next CT744LS199 parallel-serial converter to work until the two groups of data representing the system identification codes are converted. When the second stage CT744LS199 parallel-serial converter is finished, its gate circuit G 1 A negative pulse will be output to the RX/TX pin of the signal switching circuit as the 'end of transmission' flag signal.
Slave node transceiver LMX3612 chip DATA IN Data serially input from the pin is modulated and processed by the signal of the node transceiver from TX OUT The pin outputs the signal to the antenna through the switch circuit.
The electronic identity card answer signal 6 passes through the RX of the LMX3162 signal transceiver module IN The pins enter, pass through RX after demodulation processing OUT The pin is output to 89C51 single chip, which automatically combines the number data of the local node pre-written in CMOS with the received number data of the electronic ID card after completing the signal demodulation process OUT The pin outputs to an output interface. The data will be transmitted to the network via the output interface.
Design example of system coding system.
The system coding system comprises: the system identification code, the electronic identity card number, the node code and the host system code. As an embodiment of the present invention, the coding scheme of the system of the present invention may employ the following rules:
1. preset system identification code = '6789'.
2. The serial numbers of the electronic identity cards are different from each other, 8 words Fu Chang are adopted, and codes generated and transmitted in the electronic identity cards are the same as the codes printed by the electronic identity cards. Such as "98765432" and the like. The code is entered into a personnel registry of the host system.
3. The node coding is used for distinguishing different monitoring nodes, and 4-bit coding is adopted, such as '1006', '1032', and the like. When the system is installed, the system is preset in the node transceiver and is logged into a monitoring node description information table of the host system.
Under the coding system of this example, the node query signal generated by each node transceiver is '6789', and the identification code is modulated by the signal transceiver module of the node transceiver and then transmitted through the antenna.
Under the coding system of the example, an electronic identity card coded as '98765432' emits a response coded as '98765432' when the node responds. Assuming that the node code passed by the personnel is '1033', after the node transceiver receives the code, the node transceiver synthesizes the monitoring data of the node: a string of node codes and the number information '103398765432' of the electronic identity card are sent to the network system and transmitted to the monitoring center host system. Similarly, after the person arrives at the '1034' node, the data sent by the node is '103498765432'.
Claims (8)
1. The underground operator positioning and tracking system is characterized in that an electronic identity card (1) is carried by an underground operator and comprises an antenna (10), an inquiry signal receiving device (5) and a coded signal transmitting device (6) which are connected with the antenna (10), a node transceiving device (2) is positioned on a tunnel edge line and comprises an antenna (25), a coded signal receiving device (6) and an inquiry signal transmitting device (5), the coded signal receiving device (6) transmits the coded signal (6) to a system host (4) positioned in a monitoring center through a transmission system (3), a power circuit (11) and a transceiving mode switch switching circuit (18) connected with a built-in omnidirectional antenna (10) are arranged in a shell of the electronic identity card (1), and the output end RX of the switching circuit and an input end RX (13) of a signal transceiving module (13) IN The input end of the switching circuit is connected with the output end TX of the transceiver module (13) through the power amplifier OUT Connected, the output terminal RX of the signal transceiving module (13) OUT Sequentially passes through the signal comparison circuit (14), the trigger circuit (15), the coding signal generation circuit (16), the signal serial output processing circuit (17) and the input end of the transceiving module (13)DATA IN And (4) connecting.
2. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal comparison circuit (14) is composed of a serial-in parallel-out shift processing circuit, a comparison circuit and a system identification code generating circuit, the input 1D of the register group of the serial-in parallel-out shift processing circuit is terminated by the RX of the transceiver module (13) OUT The output end of the register group is connected with the corresponding input port P of the corresponding cascade digital comparator of the comparison circuit according to the bit 0 、P 1 、P 2 、P 3 Pin, input Q of comparator 0 、Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 The pins are respectively connected with the output of a first encoder of the system identification code generating circuit, the input of the first encoder is connected with a setting button group and a trigger pulse, and the output end of a comparator is contacted with the input ends R of two cross-coupled NOR gates or two NAND gates of a generating circuit (15) D The output of the gate circuit of the trigger circuit (15) is connected with the input end of a second encoder of the encoding signal generating circuit (16), and the output of the second encoder is connected with the D of the CT74LS199 chip of the signal serial output processing circuit (17) 0 -D 7 Input, Q of CT74LS199 chip 0 The output end is connected with the DATA of the signal transceiver module (13) IN Pin CT74LS199 chip SH, CD pin AND gate circuit G 2 Q of CT74LS199 chip A 、Q 7 -Q 2 Pin-connected AND gate G 1 AND gate circuit G 1 、G 2 The output terminal of the switch is connected to send out a parallel-serial completion flag signal.
3. A system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the node transceiver means (2) have a power supply circuit (27) and a transceiver mode switch switching circuit (31) connected to the antenna (25), the switching circuit (31) RX OUT RX of terminal and signal transceiving module (30) IN End connection, switching circuit (31) TX IN TX via a power amplifier and transceiver module (30) OUT Terminal connection, RX of a transceiver module (30) OUT RX of terminal and answer signal forwarding module (32) IN Terminal connectionRX of a forwarding module (32) OUT The terminal is connected to a system host (4) via a transmission system (3), the output of a node query signal generation circuit (28) is connected to a serial output processing circuit (29), and the output of the serial output processing circuit (29) is connected to DATA of a transceiver module (30) IN And end connection.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the transceiver module (30) is an integrated block LMX3162, the signal forwarding module (32) is an integrated block 89C51, and the transceiver mode switch circuit (31) is an integrated block 2436400.
5. A system according to claim 3, characterized in that the node interrogation signal generating circuit (28) has several 8421BCD encoders connected in parallel, the inputs of which are connected to the set button groups and the trigger pulses, and the output of which is connected to the D of the CT74LS199 chip of the serial output processing circuit (29) 0 -D 7 End, chip Q A 、Q 7 -Q 2 Pin gate circuit G 1 Gate circuit G for SH, CD pin 2 、G 2 One end of which is inputted with a negative pulse start signal G 1 And G 2 The output end of the serial-parallel conversion completion flag signal S, and the CT74LS199 chip outputs the serial DATA to the DATA of the transceiver module (30) IN And (4) an end.
6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the host (4) comprises a microwave receiving host (37), a network switch (38) and a central processing host (39), wherein a processing main board (41) is arranged in a housing (40) of the central processing host (39), a central processor (50), a first memory (51), a second memory (52), a network card (47), a display card (48) and an external keyboard/mouse data interface circuit (49) are arranged on the main board (41), the network card (47) is connected with the network switch (38) through a network card interface circuit (43), and the network switch (38) is connected with the microwave receiving host or/and the forwarding module (32).
7. The method for positioning and tracking the underground operating personnel comprises the following steps:
(1) The electronic identity card device presets a system identification code which is uniformly distributed to underground operators or distributed to temporary underground operators additionally, the underground operators are required to carry with the system identification code when going into the well, the electronic identity card code is recorded into an online monitoring personnel registration table of a host system when the electronic identity card is distributed, the system host registers the electronic identity card code distributed by the personnel, the entry time and the node number into the online monitoring personnel registration table, so that the card carrying personnel enter a monitored personnel queue,
(2) Node transceiver devices are arranged along the tunnel at certain intervals, an inquiry signal generating circuit of the node transceiver device generates a group of coded signals under the action of clock pulses, the coded signals adopt system identification codes and are sequentially output to a signal transceiver module under the control of a serial output processing circuit to complete signal modulation to form node inquiry signals which can be transmitted, and the node inquiry signals are transmitted to a set node inquiry signal triggering area formed by covering microwave signals through an antenna,
(3) When the person enters the node inquiry trigger area and receives the system identification code sent by the node transceiver, the electronic identity card is demodulated by the signal transceiver module and then judged by the coding comparison circuit to be valid, if the system identification code is consistent with the system identification code of the electronic identity card, the comparison circuit outputs high level to trigger the R of the circuit D After the terminal receives the level signal, the output terminal Q of the trigger generates a trigger signal to trigger the code generation circuit to work once, the code generation circuit generates a string of unique fixed-length codes to indicate that the person arrives at the node, the code character string is transmitted into the signal transceiver module in sequence character by character under the control of the serial output circuit to complete the modulation processing and is transmitted to the transmitting antenna to be transmitted outwards, thereby completing the response registration work of the person to the transceiver device of the current monitoring node, and once the signal transmission is completed, the terminal generates a trigger signal to trigger the output terminal Q of the trigger to work onceTransmitting, receiving and transmitting mode switchThe state of the off circuit is turned over to make the electronic identity card in the state of receiving the inquiry signal,
(4) After receiving the electronic identity card response signal carried by the person, the node transceiver synthesizes the code demodulated and processed by the electronic identity card response signal and the node number into a forwarding signal through the signal transceiver module and transmits the forwarding signal to the monitoring center host system,
(5) The host system is arranged in the monitoring center, is connected with the receiving and transmitting devices of all nodes in the well through network cables, transmits signals to the host through a network transmission line and a network switch,
(6) The monitoring center host system continuously acquires response registration information when the electronic identity card carried by each underground operator passes through each node from the network switch, knows which person reaches which node, and stores the information into the memory device and the hard disk storage device after processing; reading the geographical position description information in the monitoring node description information table stored in the hard disk of the host system to obtain the current position of each monitored object,
(7) When the underground operator returns to the ground and passes through the exit node, the operator calls the registration data of the operator from the personnel registration table of the host computer of the system and deletes the operator from the online monitoring personnel registration table of the host computer.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the on-line monitoring staff registry comprises an electronic identity card code, a staff name and an arrival node time, the on-line monitoring staff registry comprises the staff name and the electronic identity card code, and the monitoring node description information table comprises a node number and a node geographical location description field.
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| CNB2004100223646A CN100362361C (en) | 2004-04-23 | 2004-04-23 | Downhole operation staff positioning and tracking system and method thereof |
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| CNB2004100223646A CN100362361C (en) | 2004-04-23 | 2004-04-23 | Downhole operation staff positioning and tracking system and method thereof |
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| CN102053249B (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2013-04-03 | 吴立新 | Underground space high-precision positioning method based on laser scanning and sequence encoded graphics |
| CN103399317B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-04-08 | 重庆大学 | Ultrasonic wave based underground personnel positioning and structure monitoring integrated method and system |
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