CN100362043C - Fluorine contained silicon dioxide hybridized material and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Fluorine contained silicon dioxide hybridized material and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100362043C CN100362043C CNB2006100232150A CN200610023215A CN100362043C CN 100362043 C CN100362043 C CN 100362043C CN B2006100232150 A CNB2006100232150 A CN B2006100232150A CN 200610023215 A CN200610023215 A CN 200610023215A CN 100362043 C CN100362043 C CN 100362043C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a silicon dioxide hybridized material containing fluorine and a preparation method thereof. The structural formula of the silicon dioxide hybridized material is shown as the right formula. The material is prepared by the reaction of omega-bittern sulphonyl full fluorine acyl peroxide and poly diphenyl dimethoxy silicane via hydrolyzing, solating, gelatinizing and acidifying. The material has the advantages of strong acidity, large surface area, adjustable acid quantity and pore structure, easy active center approach, high thermal stability, easy synthesis, etc. The material has an ion exchange equivalent of 0.1 to 2.5 mmol/g and can be used in the fields of organic catalysis, environmental protection, etc. In the formula, p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, x is a whole number between 10 and 100, and x: y= 60 to 5: 40 to 95.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of function hybrid material and preparation method thereof, particularly fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials and preparation method thereof.
Background technology:
Organic/inorganic hybridization material combines organic and good characteristic inorganic materials, has good mechanical performance, resistance to elevated temperatures and good snappiness.In addition, hybrid material can be in very little scope the structure of (molecular level) controlled substance, it is nano combined that two components are formed, and has the characteristic of nano material.Thereby hybrid material has broad application prospects in many fields such as machinery, optics, electronics, separation, catalysis, chemistry and biologies, has become the new focus and the growth point of functional materials research.
The sol-gel process of material can be traced back to the discovery of french chemist J.Ebelman in 1864 etc., but for fear of dry and cracked and ageing, drying process that take to reach 1 year make this method be difficult to be widely used.Up to nineteen fifty, people such as Roy change traditional method sol-gel process are applied to the synthesizing new ceramic oxide.20th century, the mid-80 was with Schmidt (J.Non-Cryst.Solids, 1985,73,681) and Wilkes (Polymer Prep., 1985,26,300) begin to attempt preparing organic/inorganic hybridization material for the material supply section scholar of representative and chemist with sol-gel method, obtained noticeable result of study, the research in this field after this divide always active so far.
Sol-gel process be meant with precursors such as metal alkoxides or metal-salt under certain condition hydrolytic condensation become colloidal sol, make colloidal sol be converted into the process of cancellated oxide compound gel through processing such as solvent evaporates or heating then.The most frequently used precursor of Sol-Gel method is methyl silicate and tetraethoxy, and other metal alkoxides also has report.Logical common acid of the hydrolysis of precursor or base catalysis are finished in the Sol-Gel method.During acid catalysis, hydrolysis is by H
3O
+Close motor reason cause, though its hydrolysis rate is fast, hydrolytic activity with in the molecule-quantity of OR group reduces and descends, polycondensation begins before complete hydrolysis, thereby the degree of crosslinking of polycondensation product is low, is easy to form the one-dimensional chain structure; And during base catalysis, hydrolysis is by OH
-Nucleophilic substitution cause that hydrolysis rate is slow than acid catalysis, but the hydrolysis of alkoxide activity with in the molecule-OR group quantity reduces and to increase, thereby can complete hydrolysis, further during polycondensation, generate the reticulated structure of high-crosslinking-degree easily.
When the Sol-Gel method is used to prepare organic/inorganic hybridization material, general precursor and the organic cosolvent selected, make polymkeric substance and inorganic oxide form the mixed system of homogeneous at sol phase, remove through methods such as volatilization or thermal treatment naturally again and desolvate, make the further crosslinked gel that becomes of system.Control certain condition, in gel and drying process, be not separated, just can make transparent hybrid material.
According to the organic and inorganic two alternate combinations and the composition of material, hybrid material is broadly divided into following several types.Type i: organic molecule or polymkeric substance simply are embedded in the inorganic matrix, are connected with weak bond such as Van der Waals force, hydrogen bond or interionic reactive force between organic and inorganic two components, as the mixture (Harmer of Nafion and silicon-dioxide, J.Am.Chem.Soc., 1996,118,7708).Type II: with strong chemical bond (as covalent linkage, ion-covalent linkage) combination, organic constituent is to graft in the inorganic network by chemical bond between organic constituent and the inorganic component, rather than simple embedding, the two alternate weak bonds that still exist at this moment.As styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and silicon dioxide hybrid materials (Zhou Wen, polymer journal, 1998,6,730).Type-iii: add hotchpotch (organic or inorganic) in type i, doping component is embedded in the hybrid matrix.Type i V: add hotchpotch (organic or inorganic) in Type II, doping component is embedded in the hybrid matrix.The reaction conditions gentleness of Sol-Gel method, normal temperature and pressure can carry out, thereby is one of preparation organic/inorganic hybridization material main method.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials and preparation method thereof, in the network of the inorganic silicon dioxide of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane introducing of omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation soon porous, high surface area, produce a kind of hybrid material with sulfonic fluoropolymer of ion exchanging function.A promptly synthetic class has acid strong, the thermostability height, and surface-area is big, and the active centre is accessible, synthesis condition gentleness, low price, the fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials of advantage such as acid amount and pore structure are adjustable.
Fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials chemical structural formula of the present invention is shown below:
P=0,1,2,3 or 4; The integer of x=10～100; X: y=60～5: 40～95;
The aperture of wherein fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials is 2～100nm, and surface-area is 10～1000m
2/ g, pore volume are 0.1～3cm
3/ g, exchanging equivalent are 0.1～2.5mmol/g.
Fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials of the present invention is to adopt poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane and omega peroxide of perfluorin-acyl sulfonyl halide reaction to make the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of halogen sulphonyl perfluoroalkylation earlier, makes through hydrolysis, sol-gelization and acidifying again.
The concrete preparation method of fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials of the present invention is as follows:
1) preparation of the organic solution of omega peroxide of perfluorin-acyl sulfonyl halide:
The 100ml reaction flask is immersed in the cryosel bath, temperature remains between-20～0 ℃, under slowly stirring, add the 10wt%～aqueous solution of 20wt% caustic alkali, the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution of 30wt% and 20～80 milliliters of organic solvents, add the ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluorocarboxylic acid carboxylic acid halides liquid of metering in advance, ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluorocarboxylic acid carboxylic acid halides, NaOH and H after 5 minutes rapidly
2O
2Mol ratio=2: 2: 1～2, stir 2 minutes fast after, make the reaction mixture layering complete, oil reservoir is used 5wt%NaHCO successively
3Behind the aqueous solution and the distilled water wash, add anhydrous sodium sulphate and fully shake up, left standstill in ice bath 30 minutes, promptly obtain the organic solution of omega peroxide of perfluorin-acyl sulfonyl halide, wherein organic solvent is selected from CClF
2CCl
2F, CH
2Cl
2Or CHCl
3, caustic alkali is selected from lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide;
2) preparation of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluoroalkylation:
In the 150ml three-necked bottle, add poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane and methylene dichloride, be made into 5wt～20wt% concentration, the dissolving back fed nitrogen 30 minutes, 0 ℃ of organic solution that adds omega peroxide of perfluorin-acyl sulfonyl halide, the mol ratio of this omega peroxide of perfluorin-acyl sulfonyl halide and the reaction of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane is 1: 50～0.2, temperature of reaction is-10～30 ℃, react after 3～48 hours, reaction mixture is through being washed to neutrality, organic solvent is removed in decompression, promptly gets the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluoroalkylation;
3) hydrolysis of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluoroalkylation:
The poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluoroalkylation is dissolved in the trichloromethane, be made into 20wt% concentration, hydrolysis in the caustic solution of 10～30%wt then, hydrolysis temperature are 50 ℃, and hydrolysis time is 4～10 hours, branch vibration layer, be washed till neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly obtains an alkali metal salt that the omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation gathers dimethoxydiphenylsilane, wherein caustic alkali is selected from LiOH, NaOH or KOH;
4) preparation of an alkali metal salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation:
An alkali metal salt of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation is dissolved in the tetrahydrofuran (THF), is made into 30wt% concentration, in the beaker of 100ml, add positive tetraethyl orthosilicate, H
2The inorganic acid aqueous solution of O and 0.1N, positive tetraethyl orthosilicate, H
2The mol ratio of O and mineral acid is 1: 4: 0.01, at room temperature stir the alkali metal salt soln that adds the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation after 3 hours, continue to stir the ammonia soln that adds 10～30ml after 15 minutes, in 20 seconds, gel becomes blocky solid, promptly obtained an alkali metal salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that the omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation gathers dimethoxydiphenylsilane in 24 hours through 90 ℃ of dryings, wherein mineral acid is selected from HCl, H
2SO
4Or HNO
3, ammonia concn is 0.5～5mo/L;
5) acidifying of an alkali metal salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation:
Place 1～6mol/L aqueous hydrochloric acid to carry out acidifying an alkali metal salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation, after 15～48 hours after filtration, be washed to neutrality, 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings are to constant weight, promptly obtain fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials, the aperture of wherein fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials is 2～100nm, and surface-area is 10～1000m
2/ g, pore volume are 0.1～3cm
3/ g, exchanging equivalent are 0.1～2.5mmol/g.
Fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials of the present invention has perfluorinated sulfonic acid functional group similar with Nafion and suitable thermostability; it is typical polymer super acids; and has an exchanging equivalent height; surface-area is big, and the active centre is accessible, the synthesis condition gentleness; low price; advantages such as acid amount and pore structure are adjustable can be used for organic catalysis, fields such as environment protection.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the infrared spectrogram of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials;
Fig. 2 p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the XPS spectrum figure of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials.
Embodiment: following embodiment further specifies of the present invention, rather than limits the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
1) CClF of perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2The preparation of F solution: in the cryosel bath with-15 ℃ of 100ml reaction flask immersions, under slowly stirring, add the 10wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of 8.0ml, the 30wt% hydrogen peroxide of 1.15ml and 50ml CCl
2FCClF
2, stir after 5 minutes, add perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl fluoride FO of 6.92g rapidly
2SCF
2CF
2OCF (CF
3) COF, reaction was carried out 2 minutes, stopped then stirring, and made the reaction mixture layering complete, and oil reservoir is successively used 5wt%NaHCO
3Behind the aqueous solution and the distilled water wash, add anhydrous sodium sulphate, shake up several minutes after, in ice bath, left standstill 30 minutes, obtain the CClF of perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution;
2) p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the preparation of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: add poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of 3g (15mmol) and 17g methylene dichloride in the 150ml three-necked bottle; the dissolving back fed nitrogen 30 minutes; stir, at 0 ℃ of CClF that adds 10mmol perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution continues stirring after 40 hours at 0 ℃, and through being washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly gets p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl and replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
3) p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the hydrolysis of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: p-perfluor-poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of [1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replacement of 3.2g is dissolved in the trichloromethane of 17g, the NaOH aqueous solution that places 20ml30wt% then is in 50 ℃, hydrolysis 6 hours, branch vibration layer, be washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly obtains the sodium salt that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
4) p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the preparation of the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: the sodium salt that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl of 3.2g is replaced poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane is dissolved in the 17g tetrahydrofuran (THF), adds the positive tetraethyl orthosilicate of 34.4g, 3.7g H in the beaker of 150ml
2The HCl aqueous solution of O and 8.3g 0.2N, at room temperature stir and add the sodium salt solution that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane after 3 hours, add 30ml0.52N ammoniacal liquor after 15 minutes, in 20 seconds, gel becomes blocks of solid, and 90 ℃ promptly obtained sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane down in dry 24 hours;
5) p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the acidifying of the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl of 30g is replaced the HCl solution that the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that gathers dimethoxydiphenylsilane places 30ml6mol/L, the room temperature acidifying after 36 hours after filtration, washing, 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings are to constant weight, promptly obtain p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl and replace poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials, wherein the aperture of p-perfluor-poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of [1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replacement is 3.9nm, and surface-area is 627m
2/ g, pore volume are 0.72cm
3/ g, exchanging equivalent are 0.63mmol/g.
Fig. 1 is the infrared spectrogram that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials, at 1222cm
-1And 1241cm
-1CF appears in the place
2Absorption peak, at 1056cm
-1The charateristic avsorption band of silica ehter bond appears in the place, at 1140cm
-1And 1685cm
-1Sulfonic charateristic avsorption band appears in the place, at 1462cm
-1The charateristic avsorption band of phenyl ring carbon-carbon bond appears in the place, at 3472cm
-1The charateristic avsorption band of hydroxyl appears in the place; Fig. 2 is the XPS spectrum figure that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials, C
1sBound energy be 285.3.eV; F
1sBound energy be 688.9eV; O
1sBound energy be 532.2eV; Si
2pBound energy be 103.3eV, illustrate that p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane and introduced in the inorganic silicon dioxide network.
Embodiment 2:
1) CClF of perfluor-{ 2-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2The preparation of F solution: 50ml CClF will be housed
2CCl
2During the cryosel that the 100ml reaction flask immersion of F is-15 ℃ is bathed, under slowly stirring, the sodium peroxide of adding 3.12g and the perfluor of 10.24g-2-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } propionyl fluoride FO
2SCF
2CF
2OCF (CF
3) CF
2OCF (CF
3) COF, continue to stir stopped reaction after 2 minutes, make the reaction mixture layering complete, oil reservoir is successively used 5wt%NaHCO
3Behind the aqueous solution and the distilled water wash, add anhydrous sodium sulphate, shake up several minutes after, in ice bath, left standstill 30 minutes, obtain the CClF of perfluor-{ 2-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution;
2) p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl replaces the preparation of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: add poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of 3g (15mmol) and 17g methylene dichloride in the 150ml three-necked bottle; the dissolving back fed nitrogen 30 minutes; stir, at 0 ℃ of CClF that adds 15mmol perfluor-{ 2-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution, 0 ℃ continue to stir 40 hours after, through being washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly get p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl and replaces and gather dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
3) p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl replaces the hydrolysis of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: the p-perfluor of 3.3g-{ 1-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl is replaced poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane and is dissolved in the 17g trichloromethane, the NaOH aqueous solution that places 20ml30wt% then is in 50 ℃, hydrolysis 6 hours, branch vibration layer, be washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly obtains p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl and replaces the sodium salt of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
4) p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl replaces the preparation of the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: the sodium salt that the p-perfluor of 3.3g-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl is replaced poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane is dissolved in the 17g tetrahydrofuran (THF), adds the positive tetraethyl orthosilicate of 34.4g, 3.7g H in the beaker of 150ml
2The HCl aqueous solution of O and 8.3g 0.2N, at room temperature stir after 3 hours and to add p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl and replace the sodium salt solution of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane, add 30ml0.52N ammoniacal liquor after 15 minutes, in 20 seconds, gel becomes blocks of solid, and 90 ℃ promptly obtained down p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl in dry 24 hours and replace the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
5) p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl replaces the acidifying of the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that the p-perfluor of 30g-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl is replaced poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane places the HCl solution of 30ml6mol/L, the room temperature acidifying after 36 hours after filtration, washing, 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings are to constant weight, promptly obtain p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl and replace poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials, wherein to replace the aperture of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials be 3.4nm to p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl, and surface-area is 568m
2/ g, pore volume are 0.63cm
3/ g, exchanging equivalent are 0.73mmol/g.
Embodiment 3:
1) CClF of perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2The preparation of F solution: in the cryosel bath with-15 ℃ of 100ml reaction flask immersions, under slowly stirring, add the 10wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of 8.0ml, the 30wt% hydrogen peroxide of 1.15ml and 50ml CCl
2FCClF
2, stir after 5 minutes, add perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl fluoride FO of 6.92g rapidly
2SCF
2CF
2OCF (CF
3) COF, reaction was carried out 2 minutes, stopped then stirring, and made the reaction mixture layering complete, and oil reservoir is successively used 5wt%NaHCO
3Behind the aqueous solution and the distilled water wash, add anhydrous sodium sulphate, shake up several minutes after, in ice bath, left standstill 30 minutes, obtain the CClF of perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution;
2) p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the preparation of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: add poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of 3g (15mmol) and 17g methylene dichloride in the 150ml three-necked bottle; the dissolving back fed nitrogen 30 minutes; stir, at 0 ℃ of CClF that adds 15mmol perfluor-2-(2-fluorine nyl ethoxy) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution continues stirring after 40 hours at 0 ℃, and through being washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly gets p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl and replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
3) p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the hydrolysis of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: p-perfluor-poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of [1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replacement of 3.3g is dissolved in the 17g trichloromethane, the NaOH aqueous solution that places 20ml30wt% then is in 50 ℃, hydrolysis 6 hours, branch vibration layer, be washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly obtains the sodium salt that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
4) p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replace the sodium salt of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/
The preparation of silicon dioxide hybrid materials: the sodium salt that the p-perfluor of 3.3g-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl is replaced poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane is dissolved in the 17g tetrahydrofuran (THF), adds the positive tetraethyl orthosilicate of 34.4g, 3.7g H in the beaker of 150ml
2The HCl aqueous solution of O and 8.3g 0.2N, at room temperature stir and add the sodium salt solution that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane after 3 hours, add 30ml0.52N ammoniacal liquor after 15 minutes, in 20 seconds, gel becomes blocks of solid, and 90 ℃ promptly obtained sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane down in dry 24 hours;
5) p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the acidifying of the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl of 30g is replaced the HCl solution that the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that gathers dimethoxydiphenylsilane places 30ml6mol/L, the room temperature acidifying after 36 hours after filtration, washing, 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings are to constant weight, promptly obtain p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl and replace poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials, wherein the aperture of p-perfluor-poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of [1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replacement is 3.9nm, and surface-area is 564m
2/ g, pore volume are 0.69cm
3/ g, exchanging equivalent are 0.86mmol/g.
Embodiment 4:
1) CClF of perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2The preparation of F solution: in the cryosel bath with-15 ℃ of 100ml reaction flask immersions, under slowly stirring, add the 10wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of 8.0ml, the 30wt% hydrogen peroxide of 1.15ml and 50ml CCl
2FCClF
2, stir after 5 minutes, add perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl fluoride FO of 6.92g rapidly
2SCF
2CF
2OCF (CF
3) COF, reaction was carried out 2 minutes, stopped then stirring, and made the reaction mixture layering complete, and oil reservoir is successively used 5wt%NaHCO
3Behind the aqueous solution and the distilled water wash, add anhydrous sodium sulphate, shake up several minutes after, in ice bath, left standstill 30 minutes, obtain the CClF of perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution;
2) p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the preparation of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: add poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of 3g (15mmol) and 17g methylene dichloride in the 150ml three-necked bottle; the dissolving back fed nitrogen 30 minutes; stir, at 0 ℃ of CClF that adds 30mmol perfluor-2-(2-fluorine nyl ethoxy) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution continues stirring after 40 hours at 0 ℃, and through being washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly gets p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl and replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
3) p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the hydrolysis of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl of 3.5g is replaced poly-phenylbenzene dimethoxy silicon
Alkane is dissolved in the 17g trichloromethane, and the NaOH aqueous solution that places 20ml30wt% then is in 50 ℃, hydrolysis 6 hours, branch vibration layer, be washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly obtains the sodium salt that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
4) p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the preparation of the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: the sodium salt that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl of 3.5g is replaced poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane is dissolved in the 17g tetrahydrofuran (THF), adds the positive tetraethyl orthosilicate of 34.4g, 3.7g H in the beaker of 150ml
2The HCl aqueous solution of O and 8.3g 0.2N, at room temperature stir and add the sodium salt solution that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane after 3 hours, add 30ml0.52N ammoniacal liquor after 15 minutes, in 20 seconds, gel becomes blocks of solid, and 90 ℃ promptly obtained sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane down in dry 24 hours;
5) p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the acidifying of the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl of 30g is replaced the HCl solution that the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that gathers dimethoxydiphenylsilane places 30ml6mol/L, the room temperature acidifying after 36 hours after filtration, washing, 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings are to constant weight, promptly obtain p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl and replace poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials, wherein the aperture of p-perfluor-poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of [1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replacement is 3.3nm, and surface-area is 713m
2/ g, pore volume are 0.54cm
3/ g, exchanging equivalent are 1.29mmol/g.
Embodiment 5:
1) CClF of perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2The preparation of F solution: in the cryosel bath with-15 ℃ of 100ml reaction flask immersions, under slowly stirring, add the 10wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of 8.0ml, the 30wt% hydrogen peroxide of 1.15ml and 50ml CCl
2FCClF
2, stir after 5 minutes, add perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl fluoride FO of 6.92g rapidly
2SCF
2CF
2OCF (CF
3) COF, reaction was carried out 2 minutes, stopped then stirring, and made the reaction mixture layering complete, and oil reservoir is successively used 5wt%NaHCO
3Behind the aqueous solution and the distilled water wash, add anhydrous sodium sulphate, shake up several minutes after, in ice bath, left standstill 30 minutes, obtain the CClF of perfluor-2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution;
2) p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the preparation of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: add poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of 3g (15mmol) and 17g methylene dichloride in the 150ml three-necked bottle; the dissolving back fed nitrogen 30 minutes; stir, at 0 ℃ of CClF that adds 30mmol perfluor-2-(2-fluorine nyl ethoxy) propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution continues stirring after 40 hours at 0 ℃, and through being washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly gets p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl and replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
3) p-perfluor-[1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the hydrolysis of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: p-perfluor-poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of [1-(2-fluorine sulphonyl) oxyethyl group] ethyl replacement of 3.5g is dissolved in the 17g trichloromethane, the NaOH aqueous solution that places 20ml30wt% then is in 50 ℃, hydrolysis 6 hours, branch vibration layer, be washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly obtains the sodium salt that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
4) p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the preparation of the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: the sodium salt that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl of 3.5g is replaced poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane is dissolved in the 17g tetrahydrofuran (THF), adds the positive tetraethyl orthosilicate of 34.4g, 3.7g H in the beaker of 150ml
2The HCl aqueous solution of O and 8.3g 0.2N, at room temperature stir and add the sodium salt solution that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane after 3 hours, add 30ml2.6N ammoniacal liquor after 15 minutes, in 20 seconds, gel becomes blocks of solid, and 90 ℃ promptly obtained sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane down in dry 24 hours;
5) p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replaces the acidifying of the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl of 30g is replaced the HCl solution that the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that gathers dimethoxydiphenylsilane places 30ml6mol/L, the room temperature acidifying after 36 hours after filtration, washing, 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings are to constant weight, promptly obtain p-perfluor-[1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl and replace poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials, wherein the aperture of p-perfluor-poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of [1-(2-sulfonic acid) oxyethyl group] ethyl replacement is 6.6nm, and surface-area is 435m
2/ g, pore volume are 0.86cm
3/ g, exchanging equivalent are 1.24mmol/g.
Embodiment 6:
1) CClF of perfluor-{ 2-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2The preparation of F solution: 50ml CClF will be housed
2CCl
2During the cryosel that the 100ml reaction flask immersion of F is-15 ℃ is bathed, under slowly stirring, the sodium peroxide of adding 3.12g and the perfluor of 10.24 g-2-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } propionyl fluoride FO
2SCF
2CF
2OCF (CF
3) CF
2OCF (CF
3) COF, continue to stir stopped reaction after 2 minutes, filter rapidly, use 5wt%NaHCO successively
3The aqueous solution and distilled water wash filtrate add anhydrous sodium sulphate, shake up several minutes after, in ice bath, left standstill 30 minutes, obtain the CClF of perfluor-{ 2-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution;
2) p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl replaces the preparation of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: add poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of 3g (15mmol) and 17g methylene dichloride in the 150ml three-necked bottle; the dissolving back fed nitrogen 30 minutes; stir, at 0 ℃ of CClF that adds 30mmol perfluor-{ 2-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } propionyl superoxide
2CCl
2F solution, 0 ℃ continue to stir 40 hours after, through being washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly get p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl and replaces and gather dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
3) p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl replaces the hydrolysis of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: the p-perfluor of 3.5g-{ 1-[2-(2-fluorine sulphonyl-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl is replaced poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane and is dissolved in the 17g trichloromethane, the NaOH aqueous solution that places 20ml30wt% then is in 60 ℃, hydrolysis 6 hours, branch vibration layer, be washed to neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly obtains p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl and replaces the sodium salt of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
4) p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl replaces the preparation of the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: the sodium salt that the p-perfluor of 3.5g-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl is replaced poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane is dissolved in the 17g tetrahydrofuran (THF), adds the positive tetraethyl orthosilicate of 34.4g, 3.7g H in the beaker of 150ml
2The HCl aqueous solution of O and 8.3g 0.2N, at room temperature stir after 3 hours and to add p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl and replace the sodium salt solution of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane, add 30ml2.6N ammoniacal liquor after 15 minutes, in 20 seconds, gel becomes blocks of solid, and 90 ℃ promptly obtained down p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl in dry 24 hours and replace the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane;
5) p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl replaces the acidifying of the sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane: sodium salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that the p-perfluor of 30g-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl is replaced poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane places the HCl solution of 30ml6mol/L, the room temperature acidifying after 36 hours after filtration, washing, 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings are to constant weight, promptly obtain p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl and replace poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials, wherein to replace the aperture of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane/silicon dioxide hybrid materials be 6.5nm to p-perfluor-{ 1-[2-(2-sulfonic acid-oxyethyl group) propoxy-] } ethyl, and surface-area is 441m
2/ g, pore volume are 0.80cm
3/ g, exchanging equivalent are 1.08mmol/g.
Claims (2)
1. fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials is characterized in that chemical structural formula is as follows:
P=0,1,2,3 or 4; The integer of x=10～100; X: y=60～5: 40～95; The aperture of wherein fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials is 1～100nm, and surface-area is 10～1000m
2/ g, pore volume are 0.1～3cm
3/ g, exchanging equivalent are 0.1～2.5mmol/g.
2. the preparation method of fluorine-containing according to claim 1 silicon dioxide hybrid materials is characterized in that the preparation method is as follows:
1) preparation of the organic solution of omega peroxide of perfluorin-acyl sulfonyl halide:
The 100ml reaction flask is immersed in the cryosel bath, temperature remains between-20～0 ℃, under slowly stirring, add the 10wt%～aqueous solution of 20wt% caustic alkali, the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution of 30wt% and 20～80 milliliters of organic solvents, add the ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluorocarboxylic acid carboxylic acid halides liquid of metering in advance, ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluorocarboxylic acid carboxylic acid halides, NaOH and H after 5 minutes rapidly
2O
2Mol ratio=2: 2: 1～2, stir 2 minutes fast after, make the reaction mixture layering complete, oil reservoir is used 5wt%NaHCO successively
3Behind the aqueous solution and the distilled water wash, add anhydrous sodium sulphate and fully shake up, left standstill in ice bath 30 minutes, promptly obtain the organic solution of omega peroxide of perfluorin-acyl sulfonyl halide, wherein organic solvent is selected from CClF
2CCl
2F, CH
2Cl
2Or CHCl
3, caustic alkali is selected from lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide;
2) preparation of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluoroalkylation:
In the 150ml three-necked bottle, add poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane and methylene dichloride, be made into 5wt～20wt% concentration, the dissolving back fed nitrogen 30 minutes, 0 ℃ of organic solution that adds omega peroxide of perfluorin-acyl sulfonyl halide, the mol ratio of this omega peroxide of perfluorin-acyl sulfonyl halide and the reaction of poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane is 1: 50～0.2, temperature of reaction is-10～30 ℃, react after 3～48 hours, reaction mixture is through being washed to neutrality, organic solvent is removed in decompression, promptly gets the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluoroalkylation;
3) hydrolysis of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluoroalkylation;
The poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of ω-halogen sulphonyl perfluoroalkylation is dissolved in the trichloromethane, be made into 20wt% concentration, hydrolysis in the caustic solution of 10～30%wt then, hydrolysis temperature are 50 ℃, and hydrolysis time is 4～10 hours, branch vibration layer, be washed till neutrality, removal of solvent under reduced pressure promptly obtains an alkali metal salt that the omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation gathers dimethoxydiphenylsilane, wherein caustic alkali is selected from LiOH, NaOH or KOH;
4) preparation of an alkali metal salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation:
An alkali metal salt of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation is dissolved in the tetrahydrofuran (THF), is made into 30wt% concentration, in the beaker of 100ml, add positive tetraethyl orthosilicate, H
2The inorganic acid aqueous solution of O and 0.1N, positive tetraethyl orthosilicate, H
2The mol ratio of O and mineral acid is 1: 4: 0.01, at room temperature stir the alkali metal salt soln that adds the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation after 3 hours, continue to stir the ammonia soln that adds 10～30ml after 15 minutes, in 20 seconds, gel becomes blocky solid, promptly obtained an alkali metal salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials that the omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation gathers dimethoxydiphenylsilane in 24 hours through 90 ℃ of dryings, wherein mineral acid is selected from HCl, H
2SO
4Or HNO
3, ammonia concn is 0.5～5mo/L;
5) acidifying of an alkali metal salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation:
Place 1～6mol/L aqueous hydrochloric acid to carry out acidifying an alkali metal salt/silicon dioxide hybrid materials of the poly-dimethoxydiphenylsilane of omega-sulfonic perfluoro alkylation, after 15～48 hours after filtration, be washed to neutrality, 80 ℃ of vacuum-dryings are to constant weight, promptly obtain fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials, the aperture of wherein fluorine-containing silicon dioxide hybrid materials is 2～100nm, and surface-area is 10～1000m
2/ g, pore volume are 0.1～3cm
3/ g, exchanging equivalent are 0.1～2.5mmol/g.
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| US6858696B2 (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2005-02-22 | Rhodia Chimie | Method for synthesis of hybrid silicon and organic copolymers by controlled free radical polymerization |
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| US6858696B2 (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2005-02-22 | Rhodia Chimie | Method for synthesis of hybrid silicon and organic copolymers by controlled free radical polymerization |
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