A kind of high-concentration carbon monoxide two-dimensional transform method
Technical field
The present invention relates to gasification gas making and produce carbon monoxide concentration in the unstripped gas 〉=50% and water vapor and issue to change at catalyst action and change reaction, generate the two-dimensional transform production method and the equipment thereof of hydrogen and carbonic acid gas.
Background technology
The carbon monodixe conversion production technique is a kind of important purification process process in synthetic ammonia and the preparation hydrogen gas production process.In the carbon monodixe conversion process, both dispose most carbon monoxide, again carbon monoxide had been changed into needed available gas composition hydrogen simultaneously, produced Chemicals such as synthetic ammonia, methyl alcohol, hydrogen again by dissimilar reaction process.
Carbon monodixe conversion main technique principle is: carbon monoxide and water vapour carry out the carbon monodixe conversion reaction under certain temperature, pressure and catalyst action, the main chemical reactions formula is:
CO+H
2O---→CO
2+H
2+Q
Reaction is heat release, reaction heat reduces with the increase of temperature, the reaction left side is commonly referred to unstripped gas, be subjected to the restriction of gasifying process condition, carbon monoxide volume content scope wherein and requires in the conversion gas after conversion (reaction right side) CO volume content between 0.3%~3% between 10%~45%.
Owing to adopt a kind of new dried coal powder gasifying process technology; comprise shell fine coal gasification process (SCGP technology); wherein vapourizing furnace adopts the structure formation of membrane wall protection vapourizing furnace housing; coal and oxygen carry out partial oxidation reaction in vapourizing furnace; generate about 1500 ℃ coal gas of high temperature; coal gas of high temperature with the downstream through cooled raw gas cold shock to 900 ℃; after syngas cooler reclaims heat; gas temperature is reduced to about 350 ℃ and is removed shift conversion step; because coal gasification temperature height; under the pure oxygen effect, partial oxidation efficient height, CO+H in the unstripped gas of generation
2Volumetric concentration is near 90%, and the CO volumetric concentration also surpasses 60%.How so high CO concentration conversion process is provided with classification transformationreation and control change reaction depth, prevents CH
4Changing side reaction and other side reaction generation is the key issue that can new Coal Gasification Technology be used for productions such as synthetic ammonia.Present China and even also do not have a kind of high-concentration carbon monoxide conversion process producing and in service in the world.
High-concentration carbon monoxide two-dimensional transform art production process mainly comprises the transformationreation of high CO concentration one-level, the CO volumetric concentration is dropped to below 46.10%, within the promptly at present common transformationreation normal range, two-dimensional transform reaction (referring to common transformationreation) makes the CO volumetric concentration reach 0.3%-3%, and the transformationreation recovery of heat is to reduce the energy consumption of producing and to satisfy the conversion gas that follow-up gas further purifies requirement.And the various quantity dischargeds in the high-concentration carbon monoxide two-dimensional transform art production process reach environmental protection standard.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, the unstripped gas that uses new high-efficiency gasification technology to produce CO volumetric concentration 〉=50% carries out transformationreation, the catalyzer of selecting a kind of energy to be fit to this transformationreation carries out the conversion catalyzed reaction, generates a kind of high-concentration carbon monoxide two-dimensional transform explained hereafter method and apparatus of effective hydrogen.High concentration CO in this method and water vapour can be finished above-mentioned reaction process under the effect of catalyzer in one or more than one equipment.
The present invention is for achieving the above object, the unstripped gas of CO volumetric concentration 〉=50% is carried out transformationreation, the transformationreation of carbon monoxide is divided into the two-dimensional transform reaction, each level is divided into again more than one section or one section, after first step transformationreation, the CO volumetric concentration drops in the indication range that common conversion process is controlled at present in the gas.The resulting unstripped gas typical index of present several different gasifying process is as follows.
The gasifying process title |
CO% |
CO
2%
|
H
2%
|
The gasification of normal pressure immovable bed |
30.74 |
8.64 |
38.27 |
Texaco coal-water slurry gasification |
46.70 |
17.80 |
34.60 |
The strange coal gasification in Shandong |
23.4 |
26.2 |
39.5 |
Dry coal powder gasification |
61.70 |
3.82 |
27.60 |
Gaseous constituent after the transformationreation of shell synthetic gas one-level |
<46.10 |
14.93 |
33.10 |
Because CO%>61.70% that the dried coal powder gasification provides is about 46.10% through the carbon monoxide concentration after the conversion of one-level high concentration CO, goes two-dimensional transform again.
For achieving the above object, select a kind of high-concentration carbon monoxide conversion two level methods, this method comprises the preheating of unstripped gas and saturated by water vapor, the transformationreation of carbon monoxide one-level, the reaction of carbon monoxide two-dimensional transform, conversion gas heat recycle process etc.Constituting the one-level transformationreation degree of depth has multiple scheme available, and the principle of its selection is in conjunction with the configuration of upstream and downstream product, concrete environment for use, takes into account technology, economy, environmental protection etc. and require comprehensively to determine.
Be the requirement of the unstripped gas conversion that adapts to dried coal powder pressurized gasification high concentration CO, high sulfur content, the unstripped gas carbon monoxide two-dimensional transform method of a kind of gasification of the present invention is characterized in that CO volumetric concentration 〉=50% contains H
2S>1.0 gram/standard rices
3Unstripped gas through preheating and by water vapor saturated after, carry out one section of one-level or the two sections wide temperature shift of anti-sulphur reactions, two-stage two-segment or three sections sulphur resisting and low temp conversing reactions, CO volumetric concentration<46.10% after the transformationreation of control one-level, two-dimensional transform reaction back CO volumetric concentration is 0.3%~3%, its one-level transformationreation and two-dimensional transform are reflected in Reaktionsofen that the wide temperature shift of anti-sulphur catalyzer is housed and the Reaktionsofen that the sulphur resisting and low temp conversing catalyzer is housed of the going here and there dress thereof and realize, one-level conversion inlet gas vapour/gas is that 0.9~1.1 gas temperature is 240 ± 20 ℃, Outlet Gas Temperature is 460 ± 10 ℃, and gas is 1~2 second in the Reaktionsofen residence time; Two-dimensional transform Reaktionsofen temperature is controlled at 180~260 ℃, and the reactant gases residence time is 2~2.5 seconds, and vapour/gas is 0.8~0.3.The waste heat of the one-level wide temperature shift of anti-sulphur reaction gas adopts overheated middle pressure steam or the mode of chilled water gasification is reclaimed the waste heat by-product low-pressure steam of secondary sulphur resisting and low temp conversing reaction gas and preheating de-mineralized water; Discharging in the whole conversion process process meets environmental protection standard.
Carbon monoxide two-dimensional transform method of the present invention, the used transformation catalyst of its one-level wide temperature shift of anti-sulphur reaction is cobalt-Mo sulfur-tolerant catalyzer, this catalyzer is with active γ Al
2O
3Be carrier, be loaded with following per-cent component: CoO:3%~6%, MoO
3: 8%~12%, and for the extruding stripe shape, the initial activity temperature be 220 ± 20 ℃ suitable, 460 ± 20 ℃ of heatproof degree.
Britain K8-11 of JOHNSON MATTHEY company or K8-11/1 catalyzer are selected in the one-level wide temperature shift of anti-sulphur reaction among the present invention for use.
The used transformation catalyst of secondary sulphur resisting and low temp conversing reaction among the present invention is cobalt-Mo sulfur-tolerant catalyzer, and this catalyzer is with active γ Al
2O
3Be carrier, be loaded with following mass percent component: CoO:4%~8%, MoO
3: 6%~10%, and be the extruding stripe shape, the initial activity temperature is 200 ± 20 ℃, 400 ± 20 ℃ of heatproof degree.As QCS-04 or the homemade low temperature catalyst of anti-sulphur of QDB-04.
The used Reaktionsofen structural shape of one-level transformationreation among the present invention is the identical or different round tube type Reaktionsofen of physical dimension more than or two, transformationreation stove quantity and size are according to plant capacity and reactant gases residence time and determining in Reaktionsofen, the transformationreation stove outer covering is a carbon steel, liner heat resistance concrete structure; Or the Reaktionsofen shell is carbon steel, the inner liner stainless steel structure; Or adopting the steel alloy contain molybdenum 0.5% to make shell, lining not outsidely is incubated with lagging material.
The used Reaktionsofen structural shape of two-dimensional transform reaction among the present invention is the identical or different round tube type Reaktionsofen of physical dimension more than or two, transformationreation stove quantity and size are according to plant capacity and reactant gases residence time and determining in Reaktionsofen, the transformationreation stove is made shell with the steel alloy that contains molybdenum 0.5%, lining not outsidely is incubated with lagging material.
It is good that cobalt-molybdenum sulfur resistant catalyst has anti-sulphur, to high-sulfur crude synthesis gas (H
2S>1.0 gram/standard rices
3) especially suitable.For preventing the catalyzer reversal of cure, require to contain in the crude synthesis gas a certain amount of sulphur, when service temperature is high more, the steam-to-gas ratio of selection is just big more, and desired minimum sulphur content is also corresponding will to be improved.
Because secondary sulphur resisting and low temp conversing furnace temperature is about 240 ± 20 ℃, so generally do not need the heat resistance concrete lining in the sulphur resisting and low temp conversing stove.To the one-level wide temperature shift of anti-sulphur stove, because H in the thick synthetic raw gas
2S content height, H
2Dividing potential drop is also high, and the wide temperature shift of anti-sulphur stove design temperature often adopts carbon steel inner liner stainless steel structure at 480 ± 20 ℃.
Carbon monodixe conversion reaction gas waste heat of the present invention adopts the classification way of recycling, and one-level transformationreation gas technology waste heat adopts the overheated middle mode of pressing saturation steam and chilled water being vaporized to reclaim; Two-dimensional transform reaction gas technology waste heat by-product low-pressure steam and preheating de-mineralized water.
High-concentration carbon monoxide two-dimensional transform method of the present invention, owing to adopt the two-dimensional transform reaction, optimization is provided with the high CO transformed depth of one-level the best and selects a kind of catalyzer that satisfies the transformationreation of high density one-level that possesses.Determine the technical process of the one section wide temperature shift of anti-sulphur string of one-level two-stage two-segment sulphur resisting and low temp conversing.The final may command CO of carbon monodixe conversion index is in 3.0% (V).Major advantage of the present invention is as follows:
(1) production equipment that adopts the present invention to build, its processing unit are easy to make, construction is simple, production operation is easy, and device is arranged compact;
(2) adopt the production equipment of construction of the present invention the high concentration CO that coal gasification produces can be carried out transformationreation, obtain being used to produce the unstripped gas (hydrogen and carbonic acid gas) of Chemicals such as synthetic ammonia, methyl alcohol and preparation hydrogen;
(3) the selected cobalt-molybdenum sulfur resistant catalyst of the present invention is applicable to the conversion of the higher unstripped gas of sulphur content, sulphur in the unstripped gas is had only the lower bound requirement, the no maximum requirement.Cobalt-molybdenum sulfur resistant catalyst light-off temperature is lower, and corresponding shift converter bed hot(test)-spot temperature is lower, and shift converter is difficult for overtemperature;
(4) the present invention is under high CO concentration situation, for avoiding low water-gas ratio sulfur-resisting transformation generation methanation side reaction, low water-gas ratio is adopted in the wide temperature middle temperature transformation of the anti-sulphur reaction of control one-level (a section), the final controlling index of conversion reaches CO volumetric concentration about 3.0%, thereby making into, the unstripped gas of one-level (a section) wide temperature shift of anti-sulphur is 50%~70% of a total raw material gas, conversion gas after other 50%30% unstripped gas and one-level (one section) the conversion outlet heat exchange converges into one section sulphur resisting and low temp conversing of secondary, can save like this and add middle pressure steam in a large number;
(5) the present invention is under high water-gas ratio condition, and the high concentration CO transformationreation adopts thermodynamics to be difficult to control, must adopt kinetic control.This just requires catalyst manufacturers that reliable kinetic model is arranged, and this catalyzer is arranged in the similar engineering use experience.From safe reliable consideration, the one-level wide temperature shift of anti-sulphur adopts Britain JOHNSON MATTHEY K8-11 of company or K8-11/1 catalyzer.The secondary sulphur resisting and low temp conversing adopts QCS-04 or the homemade low temperature catalyst of anti-sulphur of QDB-04;
(6) the present invention is owing to CO content height in the unstripped gas, one-level transformationreation heat is more, the conversion temperature rise, the conversion gas of one-level conversion is used for the saturation steam of overheated coal gasification apparatus by-product, and superheated vapour is used for steam turbine drive compression machine, to improve the utilization ratio of steam;
Description of drawings
The wide temperature of Fig. 1 anti-sulphur of the present invention, the low temperature of anti-sulphur two-dimensional transform process implementing example 1 schematic flow sheet.
The wide temperature of Fig. 2 anti-sulphur of the present invention, the low temperature of anti-sulphur two-dimensional transform process implementing example 2 schematic flow sheets
Fig. 3 is the wide temperature one-level of the anti-sulphur of a present invention shift converter equipment synoptic diagram
Fig. 4 is one section shift converter equipment of the present invention's low temperature of anti-sulphur secondary synoptic diagram
Sequence number is represented among Fig. 1 and 2: 1-one-level shift converter; One section shift converter of 2-secondary; 3-two-stage two-segment shift converter; 4-gas preheating device; The 5-gas change heater; The 6-steam mixer; 7-1# quenching strainer; 8-methanation well heater; 9-2# quenching strainer; 10-2# oiler feed interchanger; The useless pot of 11-low pressure; 12-1# conversion gas separating device; 13-1# oiler feed interchanger; 14-2# conversion gas separating device; The 15-demineralized-water preheater; 16-3# conversion gas separating device; 17-conversion air water cooler; 18-4# conversion gas separating device, the 19-vapor superheater.
Embodiment
Below by example content of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Adopt 180,000 tons of synthetic ammonia high concentration CO two-dimensional transform process units of the present invention's design to be used for shell gasification 1000 ton per day coal feeding amount engineerings.
Flow process as shown in Figure 1, from the unstripped gas of dried coal powder gasification after gas preheating device 4 and gas change heater 5 heating, in steam mixer 6, replenish steam, advance one-level shift converter 1 then and carry out transformationreation, the conversion gas that goes out the one-level shift converter in 1# quenching strainer 7 with after the cooling of chilled water Quench, advance one section shift converter of secondary 2 and carry out transformationreation, the conversion gas that goes out one section shift converter 2 of secondary reclaims heat through methanation well heater 8, advance the coal gas of one-level shift converter 1 in gas change heater 5 heating, at 2# quenching strainer 9 after chilled water Quench cooling, advance two-stage two-segment shift converter 3 epimeres, the conversion gas that goes out two-stage two-segment shift converter 3 epimeres in gas preheating device 4 preheating from the coal gas of shell gasification, in 2# oiler feed interchanger 10 with the oiler feed heat exchange after, enter two-stage two-segment shift converter 3 hypomeres, the conversion gas that goes out two-stage two-segment shift converter 3 hypomeres is through the useless pot 11 of low pressure, 1# conversion gas separating device 12,1# oiler feed interchanger 13,2# conversion gas separating device 14, demineralized-water preheater 15 reclaims heat, again through 3# conversion gas separating device 16, after conversion air water cooler 17 and 4# conversion gas separating device 18 are isolated phlegma, send lower procedure.
The major equipment operating parameters:
(1) one-level shift converter (first shift converter)
1 of cold hearth, 3200 millimeters of furnace diameters; Inlet water-gas ratio: 0.9~1.1; Operation tolerance: 7000~7600 meters
3/ hour; Temperature in: 240~260 ℃; Temperature out: 450~470 ℃; Design temperature: 350 ℃; Design pressure: 3.5 MPas; Catalyzer loading amount: 16 meters
3
(2) one section shift converter of secondary (second shift converter)
1 in hot wall stove, 3400 millimeters of furnace diameters; Inlet water-gas ratio: 0.6~0.8; Operation tolerance: 9000~9500 meters
3/ hour; Temperature in: 260~280 ℃; Temperature out: 360 390 ℃; Design temperature: 450 ℃; Design pressure: 3.5 MPas; Catalyzer loading amount: 32 meters
3
(3) two-stage two-segment shift converter (the 3rd shift converter)
1 in hot wall stove, 3600 millimeters of furnace diameters; Inlet water-gas ratio: 0.5~0.7; Operation tolerance: 9000~9500 meters
3/ hour; Temperature in: 220~240 ℃; Temperature out: 240~270 ℃; Design temperature: 300 ℃ of epimeres, 260 ℃ of hypomeres; Design pressure: 3.5 MPas; Catalyzer loading amount: 90 meters
3
Embodiment 2
Adopt 500,000 tons of synthetic ammonia high concentration CO two-dimensional transform process units of the present invention's design to be used for shell gasification 2400 ton per day coal feeding amount engineerings.
Flow process is as shown in Figure 2: the unstripped gas from the dried coal powder gasification divides two strands, wherein after a stock-traders' know-how gas preheating device 4 preheatings, in steam mixer 6 and additional vapor mixing, then after gas change heater 5 heat exchange, advance one-level shift converter 1, the conversion gas that goes out one-level shift converter 1 reclaims heat through vapor superheater 19, in gas change heater 5 and after advancing the coal gas heat exchange of one-level shift converter (first shift converter) 1, mix with second strand of unstripped gas from the dried coal powder gasification, at 1# quenching strainer 7 after chilled water Quench cooling, advance one section shift converter of secondary (second shift converter) 2, the conversion gas that goes out one section shift converter of secondary (second shift converter) 2 in 2# quenching strainer 9 after the cooling of chilled water Quench, advance two-stage two-segment shift converter (the 3rd shift converter) 3, go out the conversion gas of two-stage two-segment shift converter (the 3rd shift converter) 3, advance the coal gas of one-level shift converter (first shift converter) 1 through 4 preheatings of gas preheating device after, through the useless pot 11 of low pressure, demineralized-water preheater 15 reclaims heat, 1# conversion gas separating device 12; Conversion air water cooler 17; 2# conversion gas separating device 14; After isolating phlegma, send lower procedure.
The major equipment operating parameters:
(1) one-level shift converter
1 in hot wall stove, 3600 millimeters of furnace diameters; Inlet water-gas ratio: 0.9~1.1; Operation tolerance: 10000~12000 meters
3/ hour; Temperature in: 240~260 ℃; Temperature out: 450~470 ℃; Design temperature: 485 ℃; Design pressure: 3.92 MPas; Catalyzer loading amount: 42 meters
3
(2) one section shift converter of secondary
1 in hot wall stove, 4200 millimeters of furnace diameters; Inlet water-gas ratio: 0.4~0.6; Operation tolerance: 15000~17000 meters
3/ hour; Temperature in; 220~260 ℃; Temperature out: 320~360 ℃; Design temperature: 385 ℃; Design pressure: 3.92 MPas; Catalyzer loading amount: 54 meters
3
(3) two-stage two-segment shift converter
1 in hot wall stove, 4400 millimeters of furnace diameters; Inlet water-gas ratio: 0.3~0.5; Operation tolerance: 16000~19000 meters
3/ hour; Temperature in: 210~240 ℃; Temperature out: 220~250 ℃; Design temperature: 290 ℃; Design pressure: 3.92 MPas; Catalyzer loading amount: 67 meters
3