CN100357735C - High temperature high pressure oil well cement paste coagulation instrument and its coagulation time measuring method - Google Patents
High temperature high pressure oil well cement paste coagulation instrument and its coagulation time measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100357735C CN100357735C CNB2005100207690A CN200510020769A CN100357735C CN 100357735 C CN100357735 C CN 100357735C CN B2005100207690 A CNB2005100207690 A CN B2005100207690A CN 200510020769 A CN200510020769 A CN 200510020769A CN 100357735 C CN100357735 C CN 100357735C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for measuring the frozen state and the corresponding time of annular cement slurry in high temperature and high pressure environment during simulating different well depths and static conditions. The present invention is suitable for the operation of petroleum and natural gas cementing, squeeze cement, pouring cement seal, leak stoppage, etc. The present invention can solve the problem of measuring the initial solidifying time and the final solidifying time of different solidifying processes of oil well cement slurry in high temperature and high pressure environment. The measuring method can determine the initial solidifying time and the final solidifying time of cement slurry according to the temperature change of oil well cement hydration heat release. Firstly, a kettle body can be preheated to experimental temperature; the prepared cement slurry can be poured into a slurry cup; the slurry cup can be put in the kettle body, and can be covered for sealing; after the temperature in the kettle body and the temperature out of the kettle body are constant, the pressure can be increased to the experimental pressure; a data processing system is started, and the temperature change conditions of cement slurry can be automatically recorded and displayed by a computer; the initial solidifying time and the final solidifying time of the cement slurry can be determined according to a time-temperature variation curve. The present invention adopts indirect contact type for continuously measuring temperature change, and solves the problem of difficult measurement under high temperature and high pressure.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of can the simulation preferably under different well depths and the static condition, measure the annular space grout in high temperature and high pressure environment, its coagulated state and corresponding time method.It is applicable to operations such as petroleum and natural gas well cementation, squeeze method, cementing plug and leak stopping.
Background technology:
In oil, gas prospecting drilling well, bored thousands of meters well depths after, fixed, the packing borehole wall prevents that rock caves in the well, is to increase oil, gas well life-span, improves the key technical problem of oil gas well potential.Technical term fixed, the packing borehole wall is referred to as casing and cementing.Casing and cementing is with the sleeve pipe RIH, again oil well cement paste is gone into to overlap pipe orifice with infusion, replaces between the annular to the borehole wall and sleeve pipe, and the static fixed borehole wall in back that solidifies is called for short cementing.In the oil well cement paste coagulation process, different coagulated state and corresponding time variation ranges thereof constantly to preventing oil, gas, water breakthrough problem that annular space grout " weightlessness " causes and the bonding quality that improves cement mantle, have important and practical meanings.
At present, the different coagulated states of oil well cement paste reach just, final setting time can only be measured under normal pressure and general temperature maintenance, employed surveying instrument is a Vicat apparatus, also once used similar dimension card measuring method to measure first, the final setting time of grout under the High Temperature High Pressure situation, but because of its rugged environment, make mechanical measurement not satisfactory, do not use.In order to solve oil well cement paste in high temperature and high pressure environment, measure first, the final setting time of its different condensation processes, instruct field practice, the special grout of using is in condensation process, the phenomenon of hydration heat temperature variation, determine the presetting period that its grout begins to plastify and have the final setting time of solidification intensity, the former is reflected in the hydration heat temperature and begins to raise a little, and the latter reflects that temperature begins drop point.Because the rising point that hydration heat begins all is the same with this rule of drop point to all grouts.Therefore, as long as measure the temperature variation curve of grout in corresponding high temperature and high pressure environment, can determine first, the final setting time of different slurries.According to conditions down-hole, regulate and the control grout just, final setting time, can improve the ability of the bonding quality of cement mantle and grease proofing, gas, water breakthrough.
Summary of the invention:
In order to solve oil well cement paste in high temperature and high pressure environment, measure first, the final setting time of its different condensation processes, special measuring method and the grout coagulation instrument that proposes a kind of oil well cement paste coagulation time.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: according to the phenomenon of oil well cement hydration heat temperature variation, determine its grout presetting period that begins to plastify and the final setting time with solidification intensity.Particular content is:
1. hydrated cementitious law of heat release and to measuring Temperature Influence
At oil well cement composition mesosilicic acid DFP 3CaO.SiO
2(be called for short C
3S) content studies show that up to about 70%, C
3The hydration of S can be represented the hydration characteristics of cement, and it plays a part leading to cement setting.As shown in Figure 1, C
3The aquation process of S is divided into five stages: induce in advance, induce, quicken, slow down and spread.Wherein induce in advance, induce, acceleration and deceleration phase be involved in the present invention.Heat release speed is rapid in pre-induction period, but generally has only tens seconds to a few minutes, is to occur in grout system to join the stage, does not have influence to measuring temperature; In induction period, because heat release speed is mild, there is no obvious influence to measuring temperature, its time length is relevant with the prescription and the water cement ratio of grout; Boost phase and deceleration phase are called solidification stages, and in boost phase, heat release speed is obviously accelerated, and have a significant effect to measuring temperature, and in deceleration phase, heat release speed has obviously slows down phenomenon on the contrary.Therefore, can make first, final setting time that corresponding discrimination standard is determined grout according to the rule of hydrated cementitious heat release and the exploration result of characteristics and foundation experiment.
2. experimental technique and experimental result contrast
Grout is first, the final setting time definition, and initial set is final set time for beginning to experience to the sclerosis of energy bearing certain pressure when the cement water transfer for beginning to lose to part the time interval of plasticity when the cement water transfer.The general Vicat apparatus that adopts is measured.Vicat apparatus gauge head general assembly (TW) is 300g, the chaining pin of front end band one length, during measurement by the free-falling of grout face, when chaining pin can not penetrate the examination body again and the required time be called the grout presetting period in base plate 5mm the time, in can only entering the examination body, chaining pin is called the grout final setting time during 0.5～1mm.According to this standard method and measuring method of the present invention, three kinds of different grout prescriptions, two kinds of water cement ratio and two experimental temperatures have been carried out the contrast experiment under normal pressure, its experiment condition and the results are shown in Table 1.By table 1 explanation, the relative error of thermometry and standard method of measurement is less, and its maximum error has only 6.3%, and average relative error is 3.42%.Therefore, the measuring method of the present invention's employing is believable.
3. adopt thermometry to determine that grout is first, the standard of final setting time
According to measured time-temperature variation curve (referring to Fig. 3～Fig. 8), it determines that the presetting period of oil well cement paste and the standard of final setting time are: when temperature curve changes, the pairing time was the presetting period of grout when its temperature rose to the temperature difference and is 0.5 ℃; When temperature curve was changed to maximum point and has just begun to descend, promptly when the maximum temperature difference point began to descend, its pairing timing definition was the final setting time of grout.
Two kinds of measuring methods measurements of table 1 grout is first, the experiment comparing result of final setting time
| The grout prescription | Water cement ratio | Experimental temperature ℃ | Standard law | Thermometry | Relative error % | ||||
| Initial set min | Final set min | Initial set min | Final set mm | Maximum temperature difference ℃ | Initial set | Final set | |||
| The G class g cement | 0.44 | 75 | 148 | 180 | 141 | 173 | 5 | 4.7 | 3.9 |
| 0.50 | 160 | 205 | 152 | 192 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 6.3 | ||
| G class g cement+0.2%SXY+1%LT-2 | 0.44 | 83 | 475 | 525 | 462 | 510 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 2.9 |
| 0.5 | 515 | 568 | 495 | 556 | 3 | 3.9 | 2.1 | ||
| G class g cement+0.2%SXY+0.2%HS-2A | 0.44 | 83 | 532 | 568 | 516 | 556 | 3 | 3.0 | 2.1 |
| 0.50 | 556 | 625 | 545 | 610 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 2.4 | ||
| Average relative error, % | 3.42 | ||||||||
Measuring method of the present invention, its technical characterictic is: adopt oil well cement paste coagulation instrument of the present invention, experiment front opening electrothermal tube is preheated to experimental temperature by heating medium with kettle, then the grout for preparing is poured into the slurry cup, to starch cup and put into kettle, add the kettle cover sealing, temperature sensor will be placed in the kettle cover center pit, after treating the temperature constant of the temperature of grout in the kettle and heating medium, pressure is added to experimental pressure by volume pump; While log-on data disposal system, automatically write down and show the temperature variations of grout slurry in the kettle by computing machine, make the time---the grout temperature variation curve, determine the presetting period and the final setting time of its grout by the temperature difference of the temperature of each point on the curve and experimental temperature.
The oil well cement paste coagulation instrument that the present invention relates to mainly is made up of kettle, the compression system of heating, slurry cup, temperature sensor and computer data processing system.Its architectural feature is: placement can be held the slurry cup of 400ml grout in the kettle, the hole is opened at the kettle cover center, process a hollow cylinder in the kettle cover lower end, temperature sensor is put into the right cylinder that has endoporus from the perforate of kettle cover upper end, temperature variations when temperature sensor can be sensed tested grout slurry hydration heat by right cylinder, temperature sensor is connected with computer processing system, but the temperature variations of grout in continuous coverage and the record kettle; Kettle is equipped with the temperature control system that adds that well heater, heating medium and temperature regulating device form outward, and the temperature range of heating is 27 ℃～200 ℃; The connection of kettle one side is equipped with manometric volume pump, and the top pressure that volume pump provided is 100Mpa.
The present invention has following beneficial effect compared with prior art: (1) can simulate under different well depths and the static condition, and oil well cement paste is measured first, the final setting time of its different condensation processes in high temperature and high pressure environment; (2) curing temperature of the maximum of this device is 200 ℃, and maximum pressure is 100Mpa, has satisfied the required condition of general well depth; (3) it adopts the method for indirect contact formula continuous coverage temperature variation, and is convenient and simple for operation, has solved and measure difficult problem under High Temperature High Pressure.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described for implementation step and example.
Fig. 1 is C
3The hydration reaction heat release speed of S and hydration time plot.Among the figure: v. heat release speed, t. hydration time; C
3Five stages of the aquation process of S: a. induces in advance, and b. induces, and c. quickens, and d. slows down, the e. diffusion, and f. is a saturated line.
Fig. 2 is a High Temperature High Pressure oil well cement paste coagulation instrument synoptic diagram of the present invention.Among the figure: 1. volume pump, 2. kettle, 3. tensimeter, 4. slurry cup, 5. grout, 6. kettle cover, 7. temperature sensor, 8. temperature is transferred, 9. data handling system, 10. electrothermal tube, 11. temperature controllers, 12. power supplys.
Fig. 3 is the situation of change of G class g cement magma slurry temperature under uniform temp, Different Water-Cement Ratio condition, and pressure is normal pressure.Among the figure: 13. water cement ratio, 0.44,14. water cement ratio 0.50,15. is condensation point just, 16. final set point.
Fig. 4 is the situation of change of G class g cement+0.2%SXY+1%LT-2 grout slurry temperature under uniform temp, Different Water-Cement Ratio condition, and pressure is normal pressure.
Fig. 5 is the situation of change of G class g cement+0.2%SXY+0.2%HS-2A grout slurry temperature under uniform temp, Different Water-Cement Ratio condition, and pressure is normal pressure.
Fig. 6 is the situation of change of G class g cement magma slurry temperature under identical water cement ratio, different temperatures and pressure condition, water cement ratio 0.44.Among the figure: 17. pressure are 59.5Mpa, and 18. pressure are 37Mpa.
Fig. 7 is the situation of change of G class g cement+0.2%SXY+1%LT-2 grout slurry temperature under identical water cement ratio, different temperatures and pressure condition, water cement ratio 0.44.
Fig. 8 is the situation of change of G class g cement+0.2%SXY+0.2%HS-2A grout slurry temperature under identical water cement ratio, different temperatures and pressure condition, water cement ratio 0.44.
Embodiment
The grout for preparing according to requirement of experiment.Open electrothermal tube 10 earlier, kettle 2 is preheated to experimental temperature (surface temperature+(well depth * underground temperature gradient)).Pour the grout 5 for preparing into slurry cup 4, will starch cup 4 and put into kettle 2, add kettle cover 6 sealings.After the temperature for the treatment of grout 5 in the kettle and the temperature constant of heating medium, open volume pump 1, pressure is added to experimental pressure by tensimeter 3 observations.Automatically write down the temperature variations that shows the grout slurry by computer processing system 9, determine first, the final setting time of grout by variation of temperature trend by the standard of the present invention's formulation.
Carry out following instantiation according to the aforesaid operations method:
1. according to the oil well cement paste of three kinds of different performances of API standard preparation, see Table 2;
2. by 18 ℃ of surface temperatures fifty-fifty throughout the year, underground temperature gradient is 2.1 ℃/100m, and is 2000m and 3190m according to well depth, determines the experimental temperature and the pressure (seeing Table 2) of oil well cement paste.
First, the final setting time of different grouts under table 2 different experimental conditions
| The grout prescription | Water cement ratio | Experimental temperature ℃ | Experimental pressure MPa | Thermometry | ||
| Initial set min | Final set min | Maximum temperature difference ℃ | ||||
| The G class g cement | 0.44 | 60 | 37 | 255 | 298 | 4.5 |
| 0.44 | 85 | 59.5 | 108 | 144 | 5 | |
| G class g cement+0.2%SXY+1%LT-2 | 0.44 | 60 | 37 | 324 | 388 | 3.5 |
| 0.44 | 85 | 59.5 | 430 | 482 | 3.5 | |
| G class g cement+0.2%SXY+0.2%HS-2A | 0.44 | 60 | 37 | 530 | 595 | 3.5 |
| 0.44 | 85 | 59.5 | 485 | 532 | 3.2 | |
By table 1, table 2 and Fig. 3～Fig. 8 as can be known:
1. the rising point that begins of hydrated cementitious heat release all is the same with this rule of drop point to all grouts; Therefore, can utilize this rule to solve first, the final setting time problem that is difficult for measuring oil well cement paste under the High Temperature High Pressure;
2. the relative error of thermometry and standard method of measurement is less, and its maximum error has only 6.3%, and average relative error is 3.42%.Therefore, the measuring method of the present invention's employing is adoptable.
3. water cement ratio size, promptly the content of cement is influential to the size of measuring the temperature difference in the unit volume, therefore, for the temperature difference susceptibility of measuring the few low weight cement slurry of cement content, still needs and does further research.
Claims (3)
1. the measuring method of an oil well cement paste coagulation time is characterized in that: open electrothermal tube before the experiment earlier and by heating medium kettle is preheated to experimental temperature; Then the grout for preparing is poured into the slurry cup, to starch cup and put into kettle, add the kettle cover sealing, temperature sensor is placed in the kettle cover center pit, after the temperature constant Deng the temperature of grout in the kettle and heating medium, by volume pump pressure is added to experimental pressure, while log-on data disposal system, because grout has the hydration heat reaction in condensation process, the temperature of grout slurry will change, automatically write down, show the temperature variations of grout slurry by computing machine, make time-temperature variation curve; Determine the presetting period and the final setting time of its grout at last according to time-temperature variation curve.
2. measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: determine that the presetting period of grout and final setting time method are according to time-temperature variation curve, when temperature curve changes, the pairing time was the presetting period of grout when its temperature rose to the temperature difference and is 0.5 ℃; When temperature curve when maximum point has just begun to descend, its pairing timing definition is the final setting time of grout.
3. grout coagulation instrument of implementing the measuring method of the described grout of claim 1 setting time, form by kettle, the compression system of heating, slurry cup, temperature sensor and computer data processing system, it is characterized in that: placement can be held the slurry cup of 400ml grout in the kettle, the hole is opened at the kettle cover center, process a hollow cylinder in the kettle cover lower end, temperature sensor is placed in the hollow right cylinder from the kettle cover upper end, and temperature sensor is connected with computer processing system; Kettle is equipped with the temperature control system that adds that well heater, heating medium and temperature regulating device form outward, and the temperature range of heating is 27 ℃～200 ℃; The connection of kettle one side is equipped with manometric volume pump, and the top pressure that volume pump provides is 100Mpa.
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| CNB2005100207690A CN100357735C (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | High temperature high pressure oil well cement paste coagulation instrument and its coagulation time measuring method |
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| CNB2005100207690A CN100357735C (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2005-04-19 | High temperature high pressure oil well cement paste coagulation instrument and its coagulation time measuring method |
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| CN100357735C true CN100357735C (en) | 2007-12-26 |
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| US4888818A (en) * | 1986-04-29 | 1989-12-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and apparatus for the determination of the setting process in an inorganic aqueous binder system |
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