CN100357056C - Method and apparatus for laser shock wave three dimensional highly false proof nondestructive marking - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for laser shock wave three dimensional highly false proof nondestructive marking Download PDFInfo
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- CN100357056C CN100357056C CNB2005100379682A CN200510037968A CN100357056C CN 100357056 C CN100357056 C CN 100357056C CN B2005100379682 A CNB2005100379682 A CN B2005100379682A CN 200510037968 A CN200510037968 A CN 200510037968A CN 100357056 C CN100357056 C CN 100357056C
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- plastic deformation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/356—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by shock processing
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the field of mechanical manufacture and laser devices. The present invention is particularly suitable for marking and recognizing crucial component parts, such as aerial metal component parts, wherein the surface states of the component parts can not damaged, and the component parts are required to have high anti-counterfeiting performance. The present invention is characterized in that laser impact waves are used as a force source for the occurrence of plastic deformation of material, and the laser impact waves can cause directly metal component parts to generate plastic deformation; the plastic deformation force of different time and spatial distribution can be obtained by changing the grey scale of a liquid crystal mask, laser pulse energy, pulse width, pulse shapes and flexible pasting membranes of different specifications to achieve three-dimensional plastic deformation so as to achieve high three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting performance by means of laser impact wave marking. Besides, a marked area forms residual compression stress and low surface roughness, and the surfaces of the component parts are not ablated; thus, the lossless performance of the laser impact wave marking is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machine-building and laser device field, refer in particular to a kind of method and apparatus of laser shock wave three dimensional highly false proof nondestructive marking, be specially adapted to both requirements and can not destroy the piece surface state, requirement has the mark and the identification of the vital part of high antifalsification again, such as the aerial metal parts.
Background technology
Modern development of making presents two main trend, and the firstth, multi-varieties and small-batch, this is the more and more embodiment of pursuing individualityization of people's material life.The development of second Aero-Space and Defence business, the mechanical performance of part is required more and more higher, especially, also more and more higher to the anti-fatigue performance of part along with the increase of construction weight ratio, and need be to the tracking of being on active service throughout one's life of these key components and parts.In addition, imitation also is becoming increasingly rampant, and the quantity of imitative low-quality goods is increasing, has caused enormous economic loss.Theory and technology that this just forces people to seek the new part mark of exploitation and distinguish are used for satisfying growing demand.Also require the sign of part to have high anti-counterfeiting performance simultaneously,, guard one's interest to tackle the forgery that is becoming increasingly rampant.At present, fake products is not only limited to CD dish, clothes and cosmetics, and the medicine of forgery, baby food, auto parts and components even airplane component are also more and more.During about the catastrophic failure that causes owing to the airplane component of use forging report is arranged, as seen, modern part mark has been proposed new requirement: non-destruction, height are false proof, durable.
The mark of parts is important key link in the production process with distinguishing.In early days, the ink indicia mode is widely used, but because the not durable and no false proof effect that easily disappears is superseded at present.Steel sign indicating number impression also is a kind of mode of using at workshop, but has heavy damage piece surface state, definition instability, low, the not false proof shortcoming of efficient, also has been eliminated.
Along with the development of laser technology, laser labelling is used widely.Laser-marking is divided into two classes, and the first kind is the antiforge laser holographic label, and the making of its mark and the manufacturing of part break away from, and is about to label and is attached on the part.Label design is relatively fixing can't in time change only be large quantities of parts are labeled same, thereby objectively provide the sufficient time to the forgery of label, and label easily comes off, in fact this be difficult to play anti-fake effect.Second class is in the piece surface formation indicia patterns of directly ablating, and this has obtained using widely, especially the laser marking of medical device.But there are two major defects in this mark mode of laser ablation fuel factor that utilizes.The first, laser ablation is removed one deck with the surfacing of metal parts, thereby has destroyed the material surface residual stress state, forms residual tension state and fine crackle.Be subjected at part under the state of alternate load, this mark zone has become natural tired source, thereby the germinating crackle causes fatigue rupture.The second, anti-counterfeiting performance is poor.Consider that from this some the mark of laser ablation fuel factor also is not suitable for the mark of these key components and parts.
People such as Dance C Brent of U.S. Lawrence Livermore National Key Laboratory and Hackel Lloyda have declared laser peening mark patent (Identification marking by means of laser peening in calendar year 2001, Patent Number:Wo0161619,2001-08-23), it also is the harmless mark that utilizes the laser blast wave stress effect, be characterized in (1) two-dimentional liquid crystal mask, can not realize three-dimensional marking.(2) japanning before piece surface impacts, water is cooked restraint layer then.Complicated operation, inhomogeneous, be difficult to guarantee the fine definition that identifies be not suitable for the space curved surface three-dimensional.(3) mark is simple, adopts binary coding to form the matrix mark that can be discerned by the bar code machine, can not the mark complex figure, and antifalsification is not too high.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of method and apparatus of the laser shock wave three dimensional highly false proof nondestructive marking based on the liquid crystal mask, it is with the power source of laser blast wave as material generation plastic deformation, can be directly to metal parts generation plastic deformation, can be by changing the gray scale of liquid crystal mask, pulsed laser energy, pulse width, the flexible lamina of pulse shape and different size, the plastic deformation force of obtaining different time and spatial distribution to be realizing three-dimensional plastic, and forms compressive residual stress and lower surface roughness and the piece surface of not ablating in the mark zone.
The device of implementing the inventive method comprises light beam spatial modulator, workpiece clamp system, control system, it is characterized in that being provided with liquid crystal mask and on-line detecting system by computer programming control, control system is controlled laser generator, liquid crystal mask, workpiece clamp system and on-line detecting system respectively, and workpiece clamp system comprises workpiece, work piece holder, the workbench that covers flexible lamina.
Wherein this flexible lamina mixes (patent of invention: a kind of flexible lamina that laser-impact is handled, patent No.: ZL02138338.3) of being used for by the GN-521 silicon gel liquid and the additive of two groups of different components by certain prescription.
The inventive method is characterised in that the power source of laser blast wave as material generation plastic deformation, based on the liquid crystal mask, adopts single or multiple to impact and forms required mark, and have online measuring ability, and specific implementation process is as follows:
(1) according to the mark zone size and the material of part, selects flexible lamina, and flexible lamina is attached to piece surface;
(2) according to the requirement of sign, draw out pattern, on LCDs, demonstrate pattern and form the liquid crystal mask, and, realize pattern conversion fast by computer control liquid crystal mask with gray scale;
(3) according to the complexity of pattern, select laser technical parameters: pulse energy 10～100 Jiao Er, 8～80 nanoseconds of pulse width and laser-impact track and impact number of times 1～100 time; Laser beam by having the liquid crystal mask of greyscale pattern, converges on the flexible lamina of surface of the work after modulation of beam modulator homogenising and expansion are restrainted; The vaporization of flexible lamina top layer, ionization, the blast of formation plasma produce the high-amplitude shock wave, material generation plastic deformation under the effect of shock wave force effect.Because the gray scale difference of LCDs pattern, the percent of pass of laser beam are also different, this has just formed the also different shock wave pressure of spatial distribution, material amount of plastic deformation difference, thus form three-dimensional mark.
(4) by on-line measuring device, the deflection of measured pattern and error realize the on-line automatic sign to part.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. by adopting the liquid crystal mask and the Spatial modulation of laser beam of control able to programme, realize the three dimensional highly false proof of laser blast wave mark.In the present invention, adopt lcd technology, and be made into liquid crystal pattern displaying with gray scale, the difference of shade, its light transmittance is also different, and continuous variable, thereby has realized real three-dimensional marking and little manufacturing.Simultaneously owing to can carry out computer programming control in real time, the conversion at any time of liquid crystal pattern has really realized the different identification of online quick different parts.Just can decode apace and distinguish by corresponding recognition system, this has just possessed high antifalsification.And by expanding bundle, even, imaging, just can realize accurate modulation, and according to the complexity of pattern and the depth of plastic deformation, the decision single or multiple impacts to laser beam.
2. by at metal parts surface coverage one deck flexible lamina, finish surface treatment, thereby realize the non-destructive of laser blast wave mark the laser-impact district.Because this pad pasting plays two effects: (1) gasification ionization blast forms shock wave; the stress effect of this shock wave makes the part top layer that plastic deformation take place; (2) the protection piece surface is not subjected to fire damage; i.e. only skim coating gasification under the irradiation of laser beam; the heat affecting degree of depth that laser produces is less than piece surface, and only forces are applied thereby guaranteed part.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 realizes device schematic diagram of the present invention.
1. laser beam space modulator 2. liquid crystal masks 3. lens 4. parts
The specific embodiment
Describe the details and the working condition of the concrete device of the present invention's proposition in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1.
This device comprises laser generator, light beam spatial modulator (1), liquid crystal mask (2), lens (3), part (4), control system.The laser beam space modulator is made up of concavees lens, convex lens and homogenizer etc.
According to the mark zone size and the material of part, select flexible lamina, and flexible lamina is attached to piece surface; According to the requirement of sign, draw out pattern with gray scale, on LCDs, demonstrate pattern and form the liquid crystal mask, and, realize pattern conversion fast by computer control liquid crystal mask; The laser generator produce power is the laser pulse of 8～80 nanoseconds in 10～100 Jiao Er, duration, laser-impact track and impact number of times 1～100 time, and the facular model of laser beam can be various modes such as basic mode, multimode.The laser beam that is produced by laser generator enters light beam spatial modulator (1) through light-conducting system, and light beam forms than the homogeneous space Energy distribution after expanding bundle, homogeneous.Pass through liquid crystal mask (2) through the laser beam that expands bundle and homogenising, through lens (3) pattern on the liquid crystal mask screen is converged on the flexible lamina on part (4) surface, produce the spatial distribution shock wave active force consistent with pattern, formation can be distinguished the mark of machine recognition, as primary letters, logic symbol, character matrix, 3-D graphic etc.By on-line measuring device, the deflection of measured pattern and error realize the on-line automatic sign to part.
Claims (3)
1. the device of laser shock wave three dimensional highly false proof nondestructive marking, it comprises light beam spatial modulator, workpiece clamp system, control system, it is characterized in that being provided with liquid crystal mask and on-line detecting system by computer programming control, control system is controlled laser generator, liquid crystal mask, workpiece clamp system and on-line detecting system respectively, and workpiece clamp system comprises workpiece, work piece holder, the workbench that covers flexible lamina.
2. the device of laser shock wave three dimensional highly false proof nondestructive marking according to claim 1 is characterized in that described flexible lamina is mixed by certain prescription by the GN-521 silicon gel liquid and the additive of two groups of different components.
3. realize the method for laser shock wave three dimensional highly false proof nondestructive marking, it is characterized in that the power source of laser blast wave,, adopt single or multiple to impact and form required mark based on the liquid crystal mask as material generation plastic deformation, and have online detection, its implementation process is:
(1) according to the mark zone size and the material of part, selects flexible lamina, and flexible lamina is attached to piece surface;
(2) according to the requirement of sign, draw out pattern, on LCDs, demonstrate pattern and form the liquid crystal mask, and, realize pattern conversion fast by computer control liquid crystal mask with gray scale;
(3) according to the complexity of pattern, select laser technical parameters: pulse energy 10～100 Jiao Er, 8～80 nanoseconds of pulse width and laser-impact track and impact number of times 1～100 time, laser beam by having the liquid crystal mask of greyscale pattern, converges on the flexible lamina of surface of the work after modulation of beam modulator homogenising and expansion are restrainted; The vaporization of flexible lamina top layer, ionization, the blast of formation plasma produce the high-amplitude shock wave, material generation plastic deformation under the effect of shock wave force effect, thus form three-dimensional mark;
(4) by on-line measuring device, the deflection of measured pattern and error realize the on-line automatic sign to part.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100379682A CN100357056C (en) | 2005-03-04 | 2005-03-04 | Method and apparatus for laser shock wave three dimensional highly false proof nondestructive marking |
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| CNB2005100379682A CN100357056C (en) | 2005-03-04 | 2005-03-04 | Method and apparatus for laser shock wave three dimensional highly false proof nondestructive marking |
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| CN1669719A CN1669719A (en) | 2005-09-21 |
| CN100357056C true CN100357056C (en) | 2007-12-26 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100511262C (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2009-07-08 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Optical false proof nondestructive testing apparatus |
| WO2009139337A1 (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-19 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Substrate with oxide layer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102152651B (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2013-10-23 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for identifying three-dimensional anti-fake label on basis of laser shock |
| US9132506B2 (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2015-09-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Laser marking process and articles |
| FR2996487B1 (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2014-11-28 | Snecma | SURFACE MARKING METHOD OF A GAS TURBINE ENGINE PART BY A PREFINED GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION |
| FR3019074B1 (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2016-04-15 | Snecma | METHOD FOR SURFACE MARKING A MECHANICAL PIECE BY PREDEFINED GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION WITH HOLOGRAPHIC TYPE EFFECT |
| CN112958917A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-15 | 中国航发中传机械有限公司 | Laser impact marking method for metal components |
| CN114473225A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-13 | 南京先进激光技术研究院 | Nondestructive laser impact marking device and marking method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10328857A (en) * | 1997-06-04 | 1998-12-15 | Hitachi Ltd | Laser marker, exposure marker and projecting device |
| US6184917B1 (en) * | 1996-11-29 | 2001-02-06 | Komatsu Ltd. | Laser marking method and apparatus and liquid crystal element driving method |
| US6423935B1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2002-07-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Identification marking by means of laser peening |
| JP2004074210A (en) * | 2002-08-15 | 2004-03-11 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Laser marking device and laser marking method |
| CN1151908C (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2004-06-02 | 江苏大学 | Flexible film for laser shock treatment |
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2005
- 2005-03-04 CN CNB2005100379682A patent/CN100357056C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6184917B1 (en) * | 1996-11-29 | 2001-02-06 | Komatsu Ltd. | Laser marking method and apparatus and liquid crystal element driving method |
| JPH10328857A (en) * | 1997-06-04 | 1998-12-15 | Hitachi Ltd | Laser marker, exposure marker and projecting device |
| US6423935B1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2002-07-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Identification marking by means of laser peening |
| JP2004074210A (en) * | 2002-08-15 | 2004-03-11 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Laser marking device and laser marking method |
| CN1151908C (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2004-06-02 | 江苏大学 | Flexible film for laser shock treatment |
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