CN100353684C - Method and apparatus for implementing omnidirectional coverage of array antennas - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for implementing omnidirectional coverage of array antennas Download PDFInfo
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- CN100353684C CN100353684C CNB2003101157312A CN200310115731A CN100353684C CN 100353684 C CN100353684 C CN 100353684C CN B2003101157312 A CNB2003101157312 A CN B2003101157312A CN 200310115731 A CN200310115731 A CN 200310115731A CN 100353684 C CN100353684 C CN 100353684C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for implementing the omnidirectional coverage of public channels in an intelligent antenna communication system. The present invention utilizes all the available antenna array elements in an antenna array instead of selecting or additionally adding one antenna array element, and therefore, a power amplifier with large power and antenna array elements with high gain do not need to be used. As a result, the present invention simplifies a structure and saves system cost. The apparatus comprises a public channel wave beam shaping weight coefficient generator and M weight coefficient regulators. The signal emitting time of the public channels is divided into time intervals, and N weight vectors are generated automatically by the public channel wave beam shaping weight coefficient generator. One weight vector is selected circularly from the N weight vectors in each emitting time interval of the signal emitting time intervals of the continuous public channels, and M weight coefficients in the weight vector are correspondingly weighted to signals of the public channels in M emitting channels by the M weight coefficient regulators. Then, the signals are sent and emitted correspondingly to M antenna array elements. M and N are positive integers which are both larger than 1.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mobile communication technology field, relate to or rather based on method and apparatus smart antenna, that realize the covering of common signal channel omnidirectional.
Background technology
Array signal process technique appears in the adaptive antenna combination technique the earliest, after this in military communication system, at first used array antenna, along with the development of microcomputer and Digital Signal Processing in recent years, in the domestic honeycomb mobile communication system, also bring into use array antenna.
In array antenna system, system self-adaption ground carries out wave beam forming to mobile subscriber's signal, follow the tracks of user's motion, so array antenna is also referred to as intelligent antenna array.In Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) system of 3-G (Generation Three mobile communication system), especially intelligent antenna technology is treated as its key technology.
Referring to Fig. 1, the steering vector schematic diagram of intelligent antenna array.The intelligent antenna array of supposing a narrow band signal comprises M＞1 bay, and m is an array element in M the bay, and the steering vector of aerial array is a (θ), and it is the column vector of M dimension, determines by the arrangement mode of bay is unique.If with first bay is reference point, then the steering vector a (θ) of aerial array can be expressed as (capitalization black matrix representing matrix, column vector represented in the lowercase black matrix, common letter representation scalar is as follows):
Among the figure, r
mBe m bay to the distance vector of reference point (m=2 ..., M), k is the wave-number vector of θ angular direction, | k|=ω/c=2 π/λ, the ω carrier angular frequencies, c is the light velocity, λ is a wavelength, T is the transposition symbol in the formula.
Referring to Fig. 2, illustrate a typical antenna system structure.M corresponding M receive path of reception antenna, M corresponding M transmitting antenna of transmission channel.
For a specific user, (the DOA estimation) 21 of arrival direction estimation module estimates this specific user's arrival direction information according to the received signal on M the bay.Adaptive wave beam shaping weight coefficient generator 22, arrival direction information according to this specific user is adjusted weight vector (adaptive wave beam shaping weight coefficient generator 22, for each transmission channel produces a weight coefficient, the weight coefficient of weight coefficient adjuster 23 usefulness of each passage self passage is regulated (doing multiplication) dedicated channel signal s (t), the weight coefficient w of M bay
1, w
2... w
MConstitute a weight vector w, point to wave beam, and follow the tracks of moving of user adaptively thereby this specific user is formed one.* is the conjugation symbol among the figure.
After adopting intelligent antenna technology, can reduce the interference of system effectively, increase the capacity of system, improve spectrum efficiency.
In antenna system shown in Figure 2, the transmission channel of each bay is weighted with a weight coefficient (weight coefficient is equal to weights), is expressed as weight vector and is:
w＝[w
1?w
2...w
M]
T
The direction coefficient of aerial array on all directions is:
g(θ)＝w
Ha(θ)
H is the conjugate transpose symbol in the formula.
In wireless communication system, except dedicated channel, also need common signal channels such as broadcast channel, paging channel at unique user communication.Common signal channel is different to the requirement that antenna covers with dedicated channel: dedicated channel requires to form narrow as far as possible wave beam, common signal channel then requires to cover whole sub-district, promptly require common signal channel omnidirectional to cover, make all users can both receive the public information of propagating by common signal channel.Thereby mobile communication system makes aerial array have directivity after having used smart antenna, but also needs to take suitable technical measures, and the omnidirectional that satisfies common signal channel covers requirement.
Realize that a kind of technology that common signal channel omnidirectional covers is to adopt the emission of single antenna array element.Specific practice comprises: choose a bay in array antenna, be used to realize that the sub-district omnidirectional of common signal channel covers; Perhaps outside aerial array, increase a bay in addition, be specifically designed to the sub-district omnidirectional that realizes common signal channel and cover.
In smart antenna, owing to adopted a plurality of bays, can reduce the gain of antenna and reduce requirement power amplifier, if but adopt above-mentioned single antenna array element to realize the scheme that omnidirectional covers, just require this bay to have the transmitting power more much higher (adopting the bay of powerful power amplifier and high-gain), therefore increased system cost than other bays.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the method and apparatus that the array of designs antenna realizes that omnidirectional covers, in smart antenna communication system, realize the method and apparatus that common signal channel omnidirectional covers, utilize existing all bays in the aerial array, rather than therefrom choose one or increase a bay in addition, thereby need not to adopt the bay of powerful power amplifier and high-gain, thereby simplied system structure and save system cost.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of array antenna is realized the method that omnidirectional covers, and it is characterized in that comprising following treatment step:
A. produce N weight vector, be designated as w
1, w
2... w
N, the mean value of the directional diagram of a described N weight vector shows as near-isotropic, and each weight vector is made of M weight coefficient, is designated as w
1, w
2... w
M, M corresponding M transmission channel of weight coefficient, M corresponding M bay of transmission channel, M, N are the positive integers greater than 1;
B. launch time of common channel signal is divided into time slot;
C. repeat this step, at each transmission time slot of continuous common channel signal transmission time slot, from N weight vector w
1, w
2... w
NIn choose a weight vector, with the M in this weight vector weight coefficient w
1, w
2... w
MCommon channel signal in corresponding M the transmission channel is weighted, and correspondence is sent M bay emission.
Purpose of the present invention also is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of array antenna is realized the device that omnidirectional covers, array antenna comprise M bay and with M M the transmission channel that bay is corresponding, it is characterized in that:
Comprise a common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator and M weight coefficient adjuster;
Common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator produces N weight vector, is designated as w
1, w
2... w
N, the mean value of the directional diagram of N weight vector shows as near-isotropic, and each weight vector comprises M weight coefficient, is designated as w
1, w
2... w
M; At continuous common channel signal each transmission time slot of launch time, common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator is chosen a weight vector from N weight vector, with the weight coefficient of the M in this weight vector, corresponding M transmission channel, by M weight coefficient adjuster the common channel signal in M the transmission channel is weighted, M, N are the positive integers greater than 1.
The present invention uses a common signal channel wave beam forming coefficient generator to produce N weight vector (N is greater than 1); To be divided into time slot to the signal transmission time of common signal channel; At each time slot, from N weight vector, select 1 weight vector, with the corresponding M of the weights of the M in this weight vector (weight coefficient) transmission channel, in M weight coefficient adjuster, respectively M transmission channel is weighted with M weights; Recycle each weight vector in N the weight vector.
In a given weight vector, under the situation of promptly given one group of weight coefficient, the directional diagram of aerial array has corresponding directivity, and the arrangement and the weight coefficient of this directivity and aerial array have relation.In the different moment, each transmission channel adopts different weight coefficient weightings, makes the directional diagram of aerial array constantly change.On certain specific direction, antenna gain is along with timetable reveals the variation of intensity, and this is equivalent to the rapid fading of a channel, by technology such as chnnel codings, can overcome this rapid fading.On average effect, on all directions gain of antenna basic identical, just be equivalent to an isotropic aerial array, thereby realized purpose of the present invention, promptly adopt all bays in the aerial array to realize that the sub-district omnidirectional of common signal channels covers.
Technical scheme of the present invention need not to adopt the bay of powerful power amplifier and high-gain with respect to the single antenna array element emission of common signal channel, thereby has reduced system cost and simplified system configuration.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the steering vector schematic diagram of intelligent antenna array;
Fig. 2 is typical antenna system structural representation;
Fig. 3 is that array antenna of the present invention is realized structure drawing of device and the method flow diagram that common signal channel omnidirectional covers;
Fig. 4 is that the directional diagram of linear antenna arrays is expressed schematic diagram;
Antenna array pattern design sketch after Fig. 5 is to use the inventive method and installs.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 3, array antenna of the present invention is realized the device that omnidirectional covers, and comprises a common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator 31 and M weight coefficient adjuster 32.Common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator 31 autonomous N the weight vectors (N is greater than 1) that produce are designated as w
1, w
2..., w
N, each weight vector comprises M weight coefficient, is designated as w
1, w
2..., w
M, corresponding M the transmission channel of this M weight coefficient is weighted self transmission channel with 1 weight coefficient of correspondence respectively by M weight coefficient adjuster 32.
Be divided into time slot the launch time of common channel signal s (t),, from N weight vector, choose a weight vector at each transmission time slot.At continuous transmission time slot, use this N weight vector in turn, promptly in each transmission time slot, each transmission channel is by 1 weight coefficient weighting.The design of each M weights in N weight vector makes the average gain of the antenna array pattern after this N group weights weighting be isotropism.In general, choose two weight vectors (N=2) promptly two groups of weights just can achieve the above object.
The present invention uses the whole bays in the array antenna by one group of weight coefficient in each weight vector of design and each weight vector, realizes that the omnidirectional of common signal channel covers.
Be example with the linear array below, further specify the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 4, for a linear array, being expressed as of its directional diagram:
D is the spacing between the bay in the formula, as shown in Figure 4.
If antenna array is shown 8 bays, M=8, the spacing d between the bay is half wavelength λ/2, chooses two weight vectors (N=2), i.e. two groups of weight coefficients, for:
w
1＝[1?1?1?-1?1?-1?1?1]
w
2＝[1?i-1?i?1?-i?-1?-i]
Automatically produce this two weight vectors by common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator, comprise 8 weight coefficients in each weight vector.Require the directional diagram complementation of these two weight vectors, promptly the mean value of the directional diagram of two weight vectors shows as near-isotropic.As long as this generation principle has been arranged, common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator generates weight vector according to this principle, and multiple realization technology can be arranged, and does not enumerate one by one at this.
Time slot will be divided into launch time of common channel signal.At first transmission time slot, from these two weight vectors, select a weight vector, as w
1=[1 1 1-1 1-1 1 1], in 8 weight coefficient adjusters, common channel signal s (t) is weighted with corresponding weight coefficient, promptly use 1 couple of common channel signal s (t) in the transmission channel 1 to be weighted, be weighted with the common channel signal s (t) in 1 pair of transmission channel 2, ..., be weighted with the common channel signal s (t) in-1 pair of transmission channel 4 ..., be weighted with the common channel signal s (t) in 1 pair of transmission channel 8.At second transmission time slot, from these two weight vectors, select another weight vector again, w
2=[1 i-1 i, 1-i-1-i], in 8 weight coefficient adjusters, common channel signal s (t) is weighted with corresponding weight coefficient, promptly use 1 couple of common channel signal s (t) in the transmission channel 1 to be weighted, with i the common channel signal s (t) in the transmission channel 2 is weighted, be weighted with the common channel signal s (t) in-1 pair of transmission channel 3, ..., usefulness-i is weighted (i is an imaginary unit) to the common channel signal s (t) in the transmission channel 8.At the 3rd transmission time slot, use w again
1=[1 1 1-1 1-1 1 1] is weighted common channel signal s (t) ....
These two weight vectors i.e. directional diagram of two groups of weight coefficients are complementary, and on any one direction, a little less than the directional diagram of one group of weight coefficient gained, directional diagram gain of another group weight coefficient was strong, forms complementation, the stack result of both direction figure as shown in Figure 5.
Among Fig. 5, solid line is to adopt weight vector w
1The time directional diagram, the strongest 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° directive gains, and the most weak 60 °, 120 °, 240 °, 300 ° directive gains; Dotted line is the directional diagram that adopts weight vector w2, and is the strongest 60 °, 120 °, 240 °, 300 ° directive gains, the most weak 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° directive gains.Thereby be used alternatingly these two weight vectors, two groups of weight coefficients, just can realize that omnidirectional covers.
Technical scheme of the present invention, make full use of the transmitting power of all bays in the aerial array, avoided in antenna system, adopted powerful power amplifier and high-gain aerial for the omnidirectional that realizes common signal channel covers, make system obtain simplifying, provide cost savings.
Claims (5)
1. an array antenna is realized the method that omnidirectional covers, and it is characterized in that comprising following treatment step:
A. produce N weight vector, be designated as w
1, w
2... w
N, the mean value of the directional diagram of a described N weight vector shows as near-isotropic, and each weight vector is made of M weight coefficient, is designated as w
1, w
2... w
M, M corresponding M transmission channel of weight coefficient, M corresponding M bay of transmission channel, M, N are the positive integers greater than 1;
B. launch time of common channel signal is divided into time slot;
C. repeat this step, at each transmission time slot of continuous common channel signal transmission time slot, from N weight vector w
1, w
2... w
NIn choose a weight vector, with the M in this weight vector weight coefficient w
1, w
2... w
M, the common channel signal in the corresponding M transmission channel is weighted, and correspondence is sent M bay emission.
2. array antenna according to claim 1 is realized the method that omnidirectional covers, and it is characterized in that: a described N weight vector is produced by common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator.
3. array antenna according to claim 1 is realized the method that omnidirectional covers, and it is characterized in that: among the described step C, describedly choosing a weight vector, is according to weight vector w
1, w
2... w
NSequence number, choose each weight vector in proper order at continuous transmission time slot.
4. an array antenna is realized the device that omnidirectional covers, array antenna comprise M bay and with M M the transmission channel that bay is corresponding, it is characterized in that:
Comprise a common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator and M weight coefficient adjuster;
Common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator produces N weight vector, is designated as w
1, w
2... w
N, the mean value of the directional diagram of N weight vector shows as near-isotropic, and each weight vector comprises M weight coefficient, is designated as w
1, w
2... w
MAt continuous common channel signal each transmission time slot of launch time, common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator is chosen a weight vector from N weight vector, with the weight coefficient of the M in this weight vector, corresponding M transmission channel, by M weight coefficient adjuster the common channel signal in M the transmission channel is weighted, M, N are the positive integers greater than 1.
5. array antenna as claimed in claim 4 is realized the device that omnidirectional covers, and it is characterized in that:
Described common signal channel wave beam forming weight coefficient generator is chosen a weight vector from N weight vector, be according to weight vector w
1, w
2... w
NNumeric order choose each weight vector, described common channel signal is weighted.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101157312A CN100353684C (en) | 2003-11-28 | 2003-11-28 | Method and apparatus for implementing omnidirectional coverage of array antennas |
| PCT/CN2004/001354 WO2005053185A1 (en) | 2003-11-28 | 2004-11-25 | Method and device for array antenna omnidirectional overlay |
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| CNB2003101157312A CN100353684C (en) | 2003-11-28 | 2003-11-28 | Method and apparatus for implementing omnidirectional coverage of array antennas |
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| CN100353684C true CN100353684C (en) | 2007-12-05 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101079662B (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2013-03-27 | 上海原动力通信科技有限公司 | Method, system and device for uplink communication of multi-antenna terminal |
| CN101359947B (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2017-07-21 | 电信科学技术研究院 | The broadcast wave bean shaping method and device of multi-antenna array system |
| CN101414862B (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2013-01-16 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for implementing multi-antenna omnidirectional channel shrouding |
| CN101610592B (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2011-08-31 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | Method and system for using wireless network passage |
| CN102017456A (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2011-04-13 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for implementing common channel coverage by multi-antenna |
| US8537785B2 (en) | 2009-03-05 | 2013-09-17 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd | Method and apparatus for cell/sector coverage of a public channel through multiple antennas |
| WO2010099660A1 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for implementing omnidirectional coverage for public channel |
| CN102457314B (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2014-04-02 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for controlling multi-antenna signal emission |
| CN103138816A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2013-06-05 | 上海贝尔股份有限公司 | Method and device for sub array complementary beam forming |
| CN102710309B (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2015-10-07 | 东南大学 | Be applicable to the synchronizing signal launching technique of large-scale antenna array |
| WO2014205751A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2014-12-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | Multi-mode base station control method and base station |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1289466A (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 2001-03-28 | 埃瑞康姆公司 | Downlink broadcasting by sequential transmissions from a communication station having an antenna array |
| US20020061051A1 (en) * | 2000-10-19 | 2002-05-23 | Minako Kitahara | Receiver |
| CN1391310A (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2003-01-15 | 莫比斯菲尔有限公司 | Intellectual antenna array and improvement concerned |
| CN1414811A (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2003-04-30 | 京瓷株式会社 | Control method for mobile communication terminal and array aerial direction figure |
| CN1434989A (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2003-08-06 | 艾利森公司 | Antenna coupling systems and methods for transmitters |
-
2003
- 2003-11-28 CN CNB2003101157312A patent/CN100353684C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1289466A (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 2001-03-28 | 埃瑞康姆公司 | Downlink broadcasting by sequential transmissions from a communication station having an antenna array |
| CN1434989A (en) * | 1999-12-14 | 2003-08-06 | 艾利森公司 | Antenna coupling systems and methods for transmitters |
| US20020061051A1 (en) * | 2000-10-19 | 2002-05-23 | Minako Kitahara | Receiver |
| CN1391310A (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2003-01-15 | 莫比斯菲尔有限公司 | Intellectual antenna array and improvement concerned |
| CN1414811A (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2003-04-30 | 京瓷株式会社 | Control method for mobile communication terminal and array aerial direction figure |
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