CN100349827C - 一种高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN100349827C
CN100349827C CNB021490325A CN02149032A CN100349827C CN 100349827 C CN100349827 C CN 100349827C CN B021490325 A CNB021490325 A CN B021490325A CN 02149032 A CN02149032 A CN 02149032A CN 100349827 C CN100349827 C CN 100349827C
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CN1502587A (zh
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李肖平
李建平
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Beijing Bai Li Xin Material Technology Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料及其制作方法,主要特点在于:所述的高强材料包括煤矸石、岩石和发泡剂,所述材料的重量百分比分别为:煤矸石20-50%,岩石78-45%,发泡剂2-5%。所述的岩石为板岩、页岩。所述的发泡剂为珍珠岩、蛭石、碳酸钙。把备好的材料破碎、搅拌、研磨后,过筛,装在匣钵中入窑焙烧,即可以得到产品。实验证明,该建筑材料具有重量轻、强度大、硬度高、耐磨性好的优点。此外,该建筑材料的绝热性能、耐火性能、隔音降噪性能、防水性能以及防辐射性能等也比较突出。

Description

一种高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料及其制作方法
技术领域  本发明涉及一种材料及其制作方法,更具体地讲本发明涉及一种建筑材料及其制作方法,尤其是指一种高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料及其制作方法,在国际专利分类表中应该分为E04C小类。
背景技术  目前,各种各样的建筑材料在市场上都可以买得到,应该说这些建筑材料为经济的发展起了巨大的作用,但是现有的建筑材料也有不足之处,其中表现较为突出的有:1)自然资源浪费严重,尤其突出的是浪费了不少的宝贵的土地资源和森林资源。2)伴随着资源浪费的同时还破坏了生态平衡,造成了地球生物圈大环境的恶化。另外,与此同时,随着经济的发展,尤其是随着矿山经济的发展还遗留了很多固体废弃物,例如煤矸石、各种矿物的尾矿及其剩余物、建筑石材的剩余物。上述固体废弃物不仅造成了资源的浪费,也同时破坏了环境。近来也出现了利用煤矸石或粉煤灰生产实心砖、空心砖、砌块的技术,这是一个进步,但是科技含量低、功能单一、缺陷明显、应用范围窄,而且多是停留在已有低档产品的低水平的仿制上,市场前景堪忧,生产企业难以为续。
发明内容及具体实施方式  本发明的目的在于:针对已有技术的不足,提供一种大量利用固体废弃物的、节约天然资源的、符合环境保护的、品质良好的高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料及其制作方法。
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案实现的:
主要特点在于:所述高强材料包括煤矸石、板岩和页岩及发泡剂,所述材料的重量百分比分别为:
煤矸石                                  20-50%,
板岩和页岩                              78-45%,
发泡剂                                  2-5%。
所述材料的重量百分比可以分别为:
煤矸石                                  30%,
板岩和页岩                              67%,
发泡剂                                  3%。
所述的发泡剂为珍珠岩、蛭石或碳酸钙。
所述的高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料的制作方法如下:
1)按下述重量百分比备好材料:
煤矸石                                 20-50%,
板岩和页岩                             78-45%,
发泡剂                                 2-5%;
2)把上述备好的材料破碎、搅拌、研磨;
3)把破碎、搅拌、研磨的材料过100目的筛;
4)把上述过筛后的材料装入匣钵中;
5)把装入匣钵的材料按照下述工艺放入窑中焙烧:
温度℃ 60 100 250 400 600 800 1000 1200 1200 1200 800 600 450 380 200 50
时间分钟0 10  20  30  40  50  60   70   80   90   100 110 120 130 140 150;
6)被焙烧后的材料从匣钵中取出,码放整齐,备用。
由于本发明采用了上述技术方案,所述的高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料性能良好,其主要性能指标如下:
容重P(kg/m3)                               200<P<1800
抗压强度MPa                                 >2
抗折强度MPa                                 >1.5
吸水率%                                    0.8<吸水率<1.5
导热系数W/MK                                0.05<导热系数<0.3
燃烧性                                      达到GB8624 A级
所述高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料膨化性能良好,该材料在性能良好的前提下具有良好的多孔性能,所述的孔可以是全封闭孔、半封闭孔、半闭半开结合孔、大封闭孔与小封闭孔相结合的复合孔等。
所述的高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料的制作方法比较简单,焙烧时间相当短,而且非常适合自动化规模化生产,效率相当高,因而生产成本低。更为重要的是:该产品可以大量节约天然资源,是一个绿色环保的产品。
需要说明的是,在焙烧工序中可以把备好的原材料放入匣钵中直接焙烧成坯料,然后根据需要切割成所要求的建筑材料,这也是本发明的一个重要的优点,因为该建筑材料特别适于切割。
也可以把备好的原材料放入模具中直接焙烧成所需要的建筑材料。即一次焙烧成所需要的产品。
在焙烧工序中所使用的设备可以选择隧道窑或者辊道窑,所使用的燃料可以是天然气,也可以是液化石油气,还可以采用价格较低的轻烃类燃料,这有利于降低生产成本。
实验证明,该建筑材料既可以作为承重的建筑材料,也可以作为非承重的建筑材料。该建筑材料具有重量轻、强度大、硬度高、耐磨性好的优点。此外根据需要的不同,所述建筑材料可以制成强度不同的、孔径大小不同的、有无饰面的、理化性能不同的多层复合结构的建筑材料。
此外,该建筑材料绝热性能良好,特别适于建筑物的保温与隔热,也适于防火。另外,该建筑材料的隔音降噪性能也相当良好,因此也特别适用于房屋的隔断层。还有,该建筑材料的防水性能以及防辐射性能也比较突出,在环境恶劣的条件下特别适用。

Claims (4)

1.一种高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料,其特征在于:所述的高强材料包括煤矸石、板岩和页岩及发泡剂,所述材料的重量百分比分别为:
煤矸石                                20-50%,
板岩和页岩                            78-45%,
发泡剂                                2-5%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料,其特征在于:所述材料的重量百分比分别为:
煤矸石                                30%,
板岩和页岩                            67%,
发泡剂                                3%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料,其特征在于:所述的发泡剂为珍珠岩、蛭石或碳酸钙。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料的制作方法,其特征在于:
1)按下述重量百分比备好材料:
煤矸石                            20-50%,
板岩和页岩                        78-45%,
发泡剂                            2-5%;
2)把上述备好的材料破碎、搅拌、研磨;
3)把破碎、搅拌、研磨的材料过100目的筛;
4)把上述过筛后的材料装入匣钵中;
5)把装入匣钵的材料按照下述工艺放入窑中焙烧:
温度℃   60 100 250 400 600 800 1000 1200 1200 1200 800 600 450 380 200 50
时间分钟 0  10  20  30  40  50  60   70   80   90   100 110 120 130 140 150;
6)被焙烧后的材料从匣钵中取出,码放整齐,备用。
CNB021490325A 2002-11-21 2002-11-21 一种高掺量煤矸石膨化轻质高强材料及其制作方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100349827C (zh)

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CN102633522B (zh) * 2012-04-23 2013-12-11 天津市恒鸣建材制品有限公司 利用废弃水泥浆生产再生轻骨料的方法
CN102633527B (zh) * 2012-04-28 2014-02-19 武汉理工大学 建筑保温墙体材料及其制备方法
CN102633528B (zh) * 2012-04-28 2014-02-19 武汉理工大学 轻质多孔陶瓷及其制备方法
CN104529503A (zh) * 2014-12-08 2015-04-22 宁夏黑金科技有限公司 利用沉积砂岩生产微晶发泡防火保温材料的制作工艺

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CN1319573A (zh) * 2001-03-17 2001-10-31 马芸仙 用碳质泥板岩生产碎石型高强和超轻陶粒的方法
CN1337378A (zh) * 2001-09-24 2002-02-27 杨普安 煤矸石陶粒及其制备方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5443158A (en) * 1992-10-02 1995-08-22 Fording Coal Limited Coal flotation process
CN1319573A (zh) * 2001-03-17 2001-10-31 马芸仙 用碳质泥板岩生产碎石型高强和超轻陶粒的方法
CN1337378A (zh) * 2001-09-24 2002-02-27 杨普安 煤矸石陶粒及其制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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