CN100346696C - Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture - Google Patents
Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture Download PDFInfo
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- CN100346696C CN100346696C CNB2006100093872A CN200610009387A CN100346696C CN 100346696 C CN100346696 C CN 100346696C CN B2006100093872 A CNB2006100093872 A CN B2006100093872A CN 200610009387 A CN200610009387 A CN 200610009387A CN 100346696 C CN100346696 C CN 100346696C
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Abstract
To provide the composition comprising a specific amide derivative and at least one of four kinds of control agents against plant diseases such as Pyricularia oryzae, and exhibiting an excellent control effect especially against the Pyricularia oryzae, etc., by the synergistic action of the active ingredients. An antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture comprises an amide derivative of formula I (X is H, Cl; Y is Cl, Br; R is methyl, vinyl), and at least one kind of compound selected from the group of (Z)-2'- methylacetophenone-4,6dimethylprimidin-2--ylhydrazine, O-ethyl-S,S- diphenylphosphorodithioate, 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorophthalide, and kasugamycin. The amide compound of formula I includes compounds of formulae II, III and IV. The amide derivative and the latter compound are preferably used in a weight ratio of 1:0.02-10 as the active ingredients of the composition.
Description
The present invention relates to the Fungicidal composition that a kind of agricultural/horticultural is used.
Up to now, some bactericide comes controlling plant disease such as rice blast as agricultural/horticultural fungicide.But, according to the infection state of plant disease, they not necessarily demonstrate enough control effects.Therefore, need a kind of more effective fungicide.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide the Fungicidal composition that a kind of agricultural/horticultural that demonstrates the good Synergistic fungicidal activity that suppresses plant disease is used.
That is to say, the invention provides the Fungicidal composition that a kind of agricultural/horticultural is used, the amide derivatives that it comprises a kind of formula I is as active component:
Wherein x is hydrogen atom or chlorine atom, and Y is chlorine atom or bromine atoms, and R is methyl or vinyl; And at least a compound of from following compound, selecting: (E)-2-(2-(6-(2-cyano-benzene oxygen) pyrimidine-4-base oxygen base) phenyl)-3-methoxy-methyl acrylate (compd A); (z)-2 '-methyl acetophenone 4; 6-dimethyl pyrimidine-2-base hydrazone (compd B); phosphordithiic acid O-ethyl ester S; S-diphenyl (Compound C); 4; 5; 6; 7-tetrachloro-2-benzo (C) furanone (Compound D); kasugarnycin (compd E), α, α; α-three fluoro-3 '-isopropoxy-o-N-is to toluyl groups aniline (compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone); 1-(4-benzyl chloride base)-1-cyclopenta-3-phenylurea (compound G), valida (compound H), 3 '-isopropoxy-o-N-is to toluyl groups aniline (Compound I); 6-(3; 5-two chloro-4-aminomethyl phenyls)-3 (2H) pyridazinone (compound J), 1,3-dithiolane-2-subunit Diisopropyl malonate (compound K); the 5-methyl isophthalic acid; 2,4-triazol (3,4-b) benzothiazoles (compound L); 3-allyloxy-1; 2-benzisothiazole-1,1-dioxide (compound M) and 1,2; 5; 6-tetrahydrochysene-4H-pyrrolo-(3,2,1-ij) quinoline-4-ketone (compound N).
The example that is used for formula I amide derivatives of the present invention is shown in the table 1.
Table 1
Japanese patent application publication No. 2-76846 has illustrated the amide derivatives of formula I among 2-76845 and the 1-156951.(E)-2 (2-(6-(2-cyano-benzene oxygen) pyrimidine-4-base oxygen base) phenyl)-3-methoxy-methyl acrylate (below be called " compd A ") illustrates in " Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Pests and Disease " (1992, the 435-442) and EP-0382375-A (compound 9).(Z)-2 '-methyl acetophenone 4,6-dimethyl pyrimidine-2-base hydrazone (below be called compd B ") and in Japanese patent application publication No. 61-21551, illustrate.Two phosphorus are for phosphoric acid O-ethyl ester S, and S-diphenyl ester (below be called " Compound C ") illustrates in Japanese patent application publication No. 44-12919.4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2-benzo (C) furanone (below be called " Compound D ") illustrated in Japanese patent application publication No. 44-32592 day.Kasugarnycin (below be called " compd E ") (illustrates in by The British Crop Protection Council (publication) " The Pesticide M anual 9th edition " the 515th page.α, α, α-three fluoro-3 '-isopropoxy-o-N-illustrates in Japanese patent application publication No. 56-45907 toluyl groups aniline (below be called " compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone ").1-(4-benzyl chloride base)-1-cyclopenta-3-phenylurea (below be called " compound G ") illustrates in Japanese patent application publication No. 55-50014.Valida (below be called " compound H ") illustrates in " The Pesticide Manual, the 9th edition " the 855th page (being published by The BritishCrop Proctection Council).3 '-isopropoxy-o-N-illustrates in Japanese patent application publication No. 52-37048 toluyl groups aniline (below be called " Compound I ").6-(3,5-two chloro-4-aminomethyl phenyls)-3 (2H) pyridazinone (below be called " compound J ") illustrates in Japanese patent application publication No. 52-34928.1,3-dithiolane-2-subunit third diisopropyl ester (below be called " compound K ") illustrates in Japanese patent application publication No. 47-34126.The 5-methyl isophthalic acid, 2,4-triazol (3,4-b) benzothiazole (below be called " compound L ") illustrates in Japanese patent application publication No. 54-18338.3-allyloxy-1,2-benzisothiazole-1,1-dioxide (below be called " compound M ") illustrates in Japanese patent application publication No. 45-38080.1,2,5,6-tetrahydrochysene-4H-pyrrolo-(3,2,1-ij) quinoline-4-ketone (below be called " compound N ") is at Japanese patent application publication No. 52-48176) in illustrate.
Composition of the present invention has the Collaborative Control effect to following plant disease, the example of these plant diseases comprises rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae), leaf shell eqpidemic disease (Rizoctoniasolani, Helminthosporium sigmoidem, Sclerotium hydrophilum, Sclerotium fumigatum, Sclerotium oryzaesativae), Helminthospo-rium tikka (Cochlibolus miyabeanus), by Sphaerulina oryzina, the plant disease that Magnaporthe salivini fringe blight or the like causes.
The mixing ratio (by weight) of the summation of described at least a compound and formula I amide derivatives is 0.01: 1-1000: 1.The summation of described at least a compound and the preferred mixing ratio of formula I amide derivatives below are described.
When selecting compd A as described at least a compound, consider from the fungicidal effect of resulting composition, in the formula I amide derivatives of 1 weight portion, the mixing ratio of compd A usually between the 0.02-100 weight portion, preferred 0.2-20 weight portion.
When selecting from compd B, C, one or more compounds of selecting among D and the E are during as described at least a compound, consider from the fungicidal effect of resulting composition, formula I amide derivatives in 1 weight portion, compd B, C, the mixing ratio of the summation of D and E is usually between the 0.01-1000 weight portion.Preferred 0.02-10 weight portion.More preferably, in the formula I amide derivatives of 1 weight portion, compd B, the mixing ratio of C and D summation is the 0.5-5 weight portion, and the mixing ratio of Compound C counts the 0.1-0.5 weight portion with the formula I amide derivatives of 1 weight portion, and this is to consider from the production cost of composition.
When selecting from compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone, G, one or more compounds that H, I and J select are considered from the fungicidal effect of resulting composition during as described at least a compound, formula I amide derivatives in 1 weight portion, compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone, G, H, the mixing ratio of I and J summation is generally the 0.01-1000 weight portion, preferred 0.02-100 weight portion.
When selecting from compound K, L, one or more compounds that M and N select are during as described at least a compound, consider from the fungicidal effect of gained, in the formula I amide derivatives of 1 weight portion, compound K, L, the mixing ratio of M and N summation is generally the 0.01-1000 weight portion, preferred 0.1-10 weight portion.More preferably, consider from the production cost of composition, in the formula I amide derivatives of 1 weight portion, compound K, L, the mixing ratio of M and N summation is the 0.5-10 weight portion.
When composition of the present invention was used as the fungicide of agricultural/horticultural, active component mixed with solid carrier, liquid-carrier or carrier gas.Need, but adding surfactant and other auxiliary agent are to be mixed with the form such as oil solution, emulsifiable concentrate wet powder, particle, pulvis, solution, suspension, foam, microcapsules, ULV, cream or the like.
These prescriptions contain other active component usually, and its content is 0.1-99wt.%, preferred 0.2-80wt.%.
By making active component and expanding agent (as solid carrier, liquid-carrier or the like) and need, surfactant, sticking agent, dispersant, solubilizer, foam formation agent or its mixture mix and prepare these prescriptions.The example of solid carrier have well as clay fines or particle (as kaolin, diatomite, synthetic hydrated silica, the Fubasami clay, bentonite, acid clay, or the like), talcum, other inorganic mineral (as, sericite mica, quartz, sulphur, active carbon, calcium carbonate, aquation silicon, or the like), or the like.The example of liquid-carrier has water, alcohol (as methyl alcohol, ethanol or the like), and ketone is (as acetone, MEK, or the like), aromatic hydrocarbons (as benzene, toluene, dimethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, methyl naphthalene, or the like), aliphatic hydrocarbon (as, n-hexane, cyclohexanone, kerosene, coal gas oil, or the like), ester (as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, or the like), nitrile (as, acetonitrile, isobutyronitrile, or the like), ether (as, two alkane diisopropyl ethers, or the like), acid amides (as, dimethyl formamide, dimethylacetylamide, or the like), halogenated hydrocarbons (as, dichloroethane, trichloro-ethylene, carbon tetrachloride, or the like), or the like.
The example of surfactant has alkyl sulfate, the salt of alkyl sulfonate esters, and alkylaryl sulfonate, aryl alkyl ethers, its polyoxyethylene compound, the polyoxyethylene glycol ester, polyol ethers, sugar alcohol derivant, or the like.
The example of sticking agent and dispersant has casein, gelatin, polysaccharide (as starch, gum Arabic, cellulose derivatives, alginic acid, or the like), modified lignin, bentonite, sugar, synthetic polymer (as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, or the like), or the like.The example of stabilizing agent has PAP (acidic isopropyl phosphate), BHT (2,6 di tert butyl 4 methyl phenol), BHA (the 2-tert-butyl group-4-metoxyphenol and the 3-tert-butyl group-4-metoxyphenol), vegetable oil, mineral oil, surfactant, fatty acid or its ester, or the like.
But the composition former state that obtains is thus used or is for example used behind the dilute with water.Specifically, described composition can be sprayed on or be sprinkling upon on the plant; Or with the spray of the form of particle, spread or be dispersed on the water surface in rice field or on the soil surface of ploughing.This based composition as required, can be digged soil after being administered on the soil surface in arable land.And, need, composition can be incorporated into the surface and use in the soil of said composition.
In addition, this composition also can with use after other fungicide, insecticide, miticide, nematocide, weed killer herbicide, plant growth regulator, fertilizer or soil conditioner mix, or use simultaneously with them.
The rate of application of this composition can be according to different variation of form, time, place and the application process of the mixing ratio of active component, weather conditions, prescription, disease species, crop species or the like.The rate of application of active component summation is generally every are of 0.1-1000 gram, preferred 1-100 gram.Emulsifiable concentrate, wettable powder, suspension and solution are diluted with water to the concentration of 0.0001-1%, preferred 0.001-0.1% in fact usually.Can use particle and pulvis by the form that makes.
Embodiment
Following formulation example, test example or the like are intended to further describe the present invention, rather than limit the scope of the invention.In formulation example, " umber " with " percentage " all by weight, unless indicate in addition.In addition, formula I amide derivatives to be determined is consistent with compound number in the table 1.
Formulation example 1
1 part of at least a compound that is selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 88 parts of kaolin and 9 parts of talcums are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the pulvis of 3% active component.
Formulation example 2
1.5 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 2.5 parts of compd As, 87 parts of kaolin and 9 parts of talcums are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the pulvis of 4% active component.
Formulation example 3
10 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5,10 parts of compd As, 3 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbose monooleates, 3 parts of CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) and 74 parts of water are altogether mixed, and it is broken to carry out wet-milling, obtains containing the suspension of 20% active component.
Formulation example 4
10 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 20 parts of compd As, 3 parts of Lignosites, 2 parts of NaLSs and 65 parts of synthetic hydrated silica are fully pulverized and mixed, but obtain containing the wet powder of 30% active component.
Formulation example 5
20 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 30 parts of compd As, 3 parts of Lignosites, 2 parts of NaLSs and 45 parts of synthetic hydrated silica are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the wettable powder of 50% active component.
Formulation example 6
The 10 parts of at least a compound of compound 1-5,20 parts of compd As, 14 parts of polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ethers, 6 parts of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonates and 50 parts of dimethylbenzene of being selected from are altogether fully mixed, obtain containing the emulsifiable concentrate of 30% active component.
Formulation example 7
1 part of at least a compound that is selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 8 parts of compd As, 1 part of synthetic hydrated silica, 2 parts of Lignosites, 30 parts of bentonites and 57 parts of kaolin are fully pulverized and mixed.
Then, water is added in the mixture that obtains thus.Fully the knead mixture that added water, granulation and dry obtain containing the particle of 10% active component.
Formulation example 8
1.5 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 5 parts of compd As, 1.5 parts of synthetic hydrated silica, 2 parts of Lignosites, 30 parts of bentonites and 60 parts of kaolin are fully pulverized and mixed.Then, water is added in the mixture that obtains thus.Mixture, granulation and the drying fully kneading and added water obtain containing the particle of 6.5% active component.
Formulation example 9
1 part of at least a compound that is selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 1 part of compd B-E, 88 parts of kaolin and 10 parts of talcums are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the pulvis of 2% active component.
Formulation example 10
1.5 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 2.5 parts of compd B-E, 87 parts of kaolin and 9 parts of talcums are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the pulvis of 4% active component.
Formulation example 11
1 part of at least a compound that is selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 2.5 parts of compd B-E, 87 parts of kaolin and 9.5 parts of talcums are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the pulvis of 3.5% active component.
Formulation example 12
1 part of at least a compound that is selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 2 parts of compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone-J, 88 parts of kaolin and 9 parts of talcums are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the pulvis of 3% active component.
Formulation example 13
1.5 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 2.5 parts of compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone-J, 87 parts of kaolin and 9 parts of talcums are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the pulvis of 4% active component.
Formulation example 14
10 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 10 parts of compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone-J, 3 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbose monooleates, 3 parts of CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) and 74 parts of water mixed and to carry out wet-milling broken, obtain containing the suspension of 20% active component.
Formulation example 15
10 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 20 parts of compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone-J, 3 parts of Lignosites, 2 parts of NaLSs and 65 parts of synthetic hydrated silica are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the wettable powder of 30% active component.
Formulation example 16
20 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 30 parts of compd A-E, 3 parts of Lignosites, 2 parts of NaLSs and 45 parts of synthetic hydrated silica are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the wettable powder of 50% active component.
Formulation example 17
The 10 parts of at least a compound of compound 1-5,20 parts of compd A-E, 14 parts of polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ethers, 6 parts of decyl benzene sulfonic acid calcium and 50 parts of dimethylbenzene of being selected from are altogether fully mixed, obtain containing the emulsifiable concentrate of 30% active component.
Formulation example 18
1 part of at least a compound that is selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 8 parts of compd A-E, 1 part of synthetic hydrated silica, 2 parts of Lignosites, 30 parts of bentonites and 57 parts of kaolin are fully pulverized and mixed.Then, water is added in the mixture that obtains thus.Mixture, granulation and the drying fully kneading and added water obtain containing the particle of 10% active component.
Formulation example 19
1.5 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 5 parts of compd A-E, 1.5 parts of synthetic hydrated silica, 2 parts of Lignosites, 30 parts of bentonites and 60 parts of kaolin are fully pulverized and mixed.Then, water is added in the mixture that obtains thus.Fully the knead mixture that added water, granulation and dry obtain containing the particle of 6.5% active component.
Formulation example 20
4 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 12 parts of compound Ks, 1 part of synthetic hydrated silica, 2 parts of Lignosites, 30 parts of bentonites and 81 parts of kaolin are fully pulverized and mixed.Then, water is added in the mixture that obtains thus.Mixture, granulation and the drying fully kneading and added water obtain containing the particle of 16% active component.
Formulation example 21
3 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 4 parts of compound Ls, 1 part of synthetic hydrated silica, 2 parts of Lignosites, 30 parts of bentonites and 60 parts of kaolin are fully pulverized and mixed.Then, water is added in the mixture that obtains thus.Fully kneading has added the mixture of water, and granulation and drying obtain containing the particle of 7% active component.
Formulation example 22
5 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 8 parts of compound M, 1 part of synthetic hydrated silica, 2 parts of Lignosites, 30 parts of bentonites and 60 parts of kaolin are fully pulverized and mixed.Then, water is added in the mixture that obtains thus.Fully kneading has added the mixture of water, and granulation and drying obtain containing the particle of 13% active component.
Formulation example 23
5 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 2 parts of compound Ns, 1 part of synthetic hydrated silica, 2 parts of Lignosites, 30 parts of bentonites and 60 parts of kaolin are fully pulverized and mixed.Then, water is added in the mixture that obtains thus.Fully kneading has added the mixture of water, and granulation and drying obtain containing the particle of 7% active component.
Formulation example 24
2 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 2.5 parts of compound K-N, 2.5 parts of compound M, 85 parts of kaolin and 8 parts of talcums are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the pulvis of 7% active component.
Formulation example 25 will be altogether 10 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5,20 parts of compound K-N, 3 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbose monooleates, 3 parts of CMC and 64 parts of water fully mix and to carry out wet-milling broken, obtain containing the suspension of 30% active component.
Formulation example 26
10 parts of at least a compounds that are selected from compound 1-5 altogether, 20 parts of compound K-N, 20 parts of compound M, 3 parts of Lignosites, 2 parts of NaLSs and 45 parts of synthetic hydrated silica are fully pulverized and mixed, obtain containing the wettable powder of 50% active component.
Formulation example 27
The 10 parts of at least a compound of compound 1-5,20 parts of compound K-N, 14 parts of polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ethers, 6 parts of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonates and 50 parts of dimethylbenzene of being selected from are altogether fully mixed, obtain containing the emulsifiable concentrate of 30% active component.
For instance, compound 3 and 4 can be prepared by the following method.
With reference to joining preparation example 1
1 part of compound 3 or 4,90 parts of kaolin and 9 parts of talcums fully grind and mix, and obtain containing the pulvis of 1% every kind of compound.
With reference to formulation example 2
10 parts of compounds 3 or 4,3 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbose monooleates, 3 parts of CMC and 84 parts of water mixing are also carried out wet-milling, obtain containing the suspension of 10% every kind of compound.
With reference to formulation example 3
20 parts of compounds 3 or 4,3 parts of Lignosites, 2 parts of NaLSs and 75 parts of synthetic hydrated silica are fully pulverized, and obtain containing the wettable powder of 20% every kind of compound.
With reference to formulation example 4
15 parts of compounds 3 or 4,14 parts of polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ethers, 6 parts of dodecyl sodium sulfonate calcium and 65 parts of dimethylbenzene fully mix, and obtain containing the emulsifiable concentrate of 15% every kind of compound.
With reference to formulation example 5
4 parts of compounds 3 or 4,1 parts of synthetic hydrated silica, 2 parts of Lignosites, 30 parts of bentonites and 63 parts of kaolin are fully pulverized and are mixed.Then, water is added in the mixture that obtains thus, the mixture that has added water is fully kneaded, granulation and drying, obtains the particle of 4% every kind of compound.
Other compound 1,2,5 and A-N also can be according to these method preparations with reference to formulation example.
The explanation of below test example, this composition and the amide derivatives or the compd A that have wherein used formula I separately, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, the composition of M or N is compared, and has wonderful high antimycotic synergy aspect the agricultural/horticultural purposes.
Test example 1: the prophylactic activity test of rice blast
The sandy loam of packing in the plastic basin is planted rice (Kinki33 number) and greenhouse cultivation 20 days in basin.The wettable powder that contains one or more test chemicals according to formulation example 4 preparations.Then, it is diluted with water to predetermined concentration, and the gained chemical solution is sprayed on the stem and leaf of rice, fully on the blade face attached to rice seedling.After chemical solution is air-dry, the spore suspension of rice blast substance is sprayed onto on the seedling of paddy rice with rice blast substance inoculation paddy rice.The rice seedling of inoculation was kept 10 days under 24 ℃ of high humility.At the 10th day, detect the control effect according to following control characteristic.
Control characteristic control effect
5 is intact
4 are not less than 90%
3 70-89％
2 41-69％
1 1-40％
0 0％
The results are shown in table 2.
Table 2
| The test chemicals | Activity component concentration (ppm) | Control characteristic |
| Compound (1) compound (2) compound (3) compound (4) compound (5) compd A compound (1)+compd A compound (2)+compd A compound (3)+compd A compound (4)+compd A compound (5)+compd A | 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 2.5 1 5+2.5 1+1 5+2.5 1+1 5+2.5 1+1 5+2.5 1+1 5+2.5 1+1 | 4 2 4 2 4 1 4 1 4 2 4 3 5 4 5 4 5 3 5 3 5 4 |
Test example 2: the activity test of water surface dispenser prevention rice blast
Sandy loam in the dress waters then, and paddy rice (two leaf phases, Kinki33 number) is transplanted in basin in the Wagner basin (1/10000 are), cultivates 7 days in the greenhouse.The particle that contains one or more chemicals according to formulation example 7 preparations.Then, they are sprinkling upon on the water surface of each basin.After the dispenser 7 days, the spore suspension of rice blast substance is sprayed onto on the rice seedling with rice blast substance inoculation paddy rice.Postvaccinal rice seedling kept 10 days under 24 ℃ of high humility.At the tenth day,, measure the contrast effect according to control characteristic with the same manner of test example 1.The results are shown in table 3.
Table 3
| The test chemicals | Active component rate of application (restraining/10 ares) | Control characteristic |
| Compound (1) compound (2) compound (3) compound (4) compound (5) compd A compound (1)+compd A compound (2)+compd A compound (3)+compd A compound (4)+compd A compound (5)+compd A | 20 5 20 5 20 5 20 5 20 5 100 60 20+100 5+60 20+100 5+60 20+100 5+60 20+100 5+60 20+100 5+60 | 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 4 2 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 |
Test example 3: the activity test of water surface dispenser prevention rice husk disease
Dress sandy loam in the Wagner basin (1/10000 are), water filling then, paddy rice (two leaf phases, Kinki33 number) is transplanted in the engagement and in the greenhouse and cultivated 7 days.The particle that contains one or more test chemicals according to formulation example 7 preparations.Then, they are sprinkling upon on the water surface of each basin.After the dispenser 7 days, the pathogene of rice husk disease (rice sheath blight) is inoculated to the root paddy rice.Postvaccinal paddy rice was kept 10 days under 27 ℃ of high humility.At the tenth day,, measure the control effect according to control characteristic with test example 1 the same manner.The results are shown in table 4.
Table 4
| The test chemicals | Active component rate of application (restraining/10 ares) | Control characteristic |
| Compound (1) compound (2) compound (3) compound (4) compound (5) compd A compound (1)+compd A compound (2)+compd A compound (3)+compd A compound (4)+compd A compound (5)+compd A | 200 50 200 50 200 50 200 50 200 50 100 25 200+100 50+25 200+100 50+25 200+100 50+25 200+100 50+25 200+100 50+25 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 2 |
Test example 4: the activity and the remaining effect test of prevention rice blast
The sandy loam of packing in the plastic basin is planted paddy rice (Kinki33 number) and was cultivated 20 days in the greenhouse in basin.The wettable powder that contains one or more test chemicals according to formulation example 4 preparations.They are diluted with water to predetermined concentration, and the gained chemical solution is sprayed onto on rice stem and the leaf, fully be attached on the leaf surface of rice seedling.In preventive effect test, after chemical solutions is air-dry, the spore suspension of rice blast substance is sprayed onto on the rice seedling to paddy rice inoculation rice warm disease substance.In remaining effect test, seedling is kept 7 days in the greenhouse after, the spore suspension of rice blast substance is sprayed onto on the rice seedling to paddy rice inoculation rice blast substance.Postvaccinal rice seedling is kept 10 days to measure the control effect by following control characteristic under 24 ℃ of high humility.
Control characteristic control effect
5 is intact
4 are not less than 90%
3 70-89％
2 41-69％
1 1-40％
0 0％
The results are shown in table 5.
Table 5
| Test compound | Activity component concentration (ppm) | Control characteristic | |
| Residual activity | Prophylactic activity | ||
| Compound (1) compound (2) compound (3) compound (4) compound (5) compd B Compound C Compound D compd E compound (1)+compd B compound (2)+compd B | 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 3 5 3 5 3 5 3 5+5 1+3 5+5 1+3 | 4 2 4 2 4 1 4 1 4 2 1 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 5 4 5 4 | 4 2 4 2 4 1 4 1 4 2 2 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 5 4 5 4 |
Table 5 (continuing)
| Test compound | Activity component concentration (ppm) | Control characteristic | |
| Residual activity | Prophylactic activity | ||
| Compound (3)+compd B compound (4)+compd B compound (5)+compd B compound (1)+Compound C compound (1)+Compound D compound (1)+compd E | 5+5 1+3 5+5 1+3 5+5 1+3 5+5 1+3 5+5 1+3 5+5 1+3 | 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 3 5 4 5 4 | 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 3 5 4 5 4 |
Test example 5: the therapeutic activity test of rice blast
The sandy loam of packing in the plastic basin is planted paddy rice (Kinki33 number) and was cultivated 20 days in the greenhouse in basin.Be sprayed onto on the rice seedling to paddy rice inoculation rice blast substance by spore suspension rice warm disease substance.Postvaccinal rice seedling infected by keeping under 24 ℃ of high humility in 1 day.Then, will contain one or more test chemicals and be diluted with water to predetermined concentration, and the gained chemical solutions will be sprayed onto on rice stem and the leaf, fully be affixed on the blade face of rice seedling according to the emulsifiable concentrate of formulation example 8 preparation.After chemical solutions is air-dry, rice seedling was kept 10 days under 24 ℃ of high humility, to measure the control effect by control characteristic according to test example 1 the same manner.The results are shown in table 6.
Table 6
| Test compound | Active component rate of application (ppm) | Control characteristic |
| Compound, (1) compound, (2) compound, (3) compound, (4) compound, (5) compd B Compound C Compound D compd E compound, (1)+the compd B compound, (2)+the compd B compound, (3)+the compd B compound, (4)+the compd B compound, (5)+the compd B compound, (1)+the Compound C compound, (1)+the compd E compound, (1)+Compound C+Compound D compound, (1)+Compound D+compd E | 200 200 200 200 200 10 25 200 5 200+10 200+10 200+10 200+10 200+10 200+25 200+5 200+25+200 200+25+5 | 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 |
Test example 6: rice blast protect activity test in advance
The sandy loam of packing in the plastic basin is planted paddy rice (Kindi number 33) and was cultivated 20 days in the greenhouse in basin.The wettable powder that contains one or more test chemicals according to formulation example 4 preparations.And the gained chemical solutions is sprayed onto on rice stem and the leaf, fully be affixed on the blade face of rice seedling.After chemical solutions is air-dry, the spore suspension of rice blast substance is sprayed onto on the rice seedling to paddy rice inoculation rice blast substance.Postvaccinal rice seedling is kept 10 days to measure the control effect by following control characteristic under 24 ℃ of high humility.
Control characteristic control effect
5 is intact
4 are not less than 90%
3 70-89％
2 41-69％
1 1-40％
0 0％
The results are shown in table 7.
Table 7
| Test compound | Active component rate of application (ppm) | Control characteristic |
| Compound (1) compound (2) compound (3) compound (4) compound (5) compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound G compound H compound I compound J compound (1)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone | 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 500 100 500 100 500 100 500 100 500 100 5+500 1+100 | 4 2 4 2 4 1 4 1 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 4 |
Table 7 (continuing)
| Test compound | Active component rate of application (ppm) | Control characteristic |
| Compound (2)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (3)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (4)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (5)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (1)+compound G compound (1)+compound H compound (1)+compound I compound (1)+compound J | 5+500 1+100 5+500 1+100 5+500 1+100 5+500 1+100 5+500 1+100 5+500 1+100 5+500 1+100 5+500 1+100 | 5 4 5 3 5 3 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 |
Test example 7: the activity test of rice blast is protected in water surface dispenser in advance
Pack in the Wagner basin (1/10000 are) sandy loam and water filling are implanted into paddy rice (two leaf phases, Kinki33 number) and cultivated 7 days in the greenhouse in basin.The particle that contains one or more test chemicals according to formulation example 7 preparations.Then, they are sprinkling upon on the water surface of each basin.After the dispenser 7 days, the spore suspension of rice blast substance is sprayed onto on the paddy rice to paddy rice inoculation rice blast substance.Postvaccinal paddy rice was kept 10 days under 24 ℃ of high humility, measured the control effect with test example 1 the same manner by control characteristic.The results are shown in table 8.
Table 8
| The test chemicals | Active component rate of application (restraining/10 ares) | Control characteristic |
| Compound (1) compound (2) compound (3) compound (4) compound (5) compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (1)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (2)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (3)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (4)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (5)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone | 20 5 20 5 20 5 20 5 20 5 400 100 20+400 5+100 20+400 5+100 20+400 5+100 20+400 5+100 20+400 5+100 | 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 0 0 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 |
Test example 8: the activity test of prevention rice husk eqpidemic disease
The sandy loam of packing in the basin is planted paddy rice (Kinki33 number) and was cultivated 20 days in the greenhouse in basin.The suspension that contains one or more test chemicals by formulation example 3 preparations.Then, they are diluted with water to predetermined concentration, and the gained chemical solutions is sprayed on rice stem and the leaf, fully anchor on the blade face of rice seedling.After chemical solutions is air-dry, in the pathogene of plant root inoculation rice husk eqpidemic disease.Postvaccinal rice seedling was kept 10 days under 27 ℃ of high-temperatures, with test example 1 the same manner, measured the control effect by control characteristic.The results are shown in table 9.
Table 9
| Test compound | Activity component concentration (ppm) | Control characteristic |
| Compound (1) compound (2) compound (3) compound (4) compound (5) compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound G compound H compound I compound J compound (1)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone | 500 100 500 100 500 100 500 100 500 100 10 5 5 1.25 10 5 30 10 30 10 500+10 100+5 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 0 3 0 4 2 |
Table 9 (continuing)
| Test compound | Activity component concentration (ppm) | Control characteristic |
| Compound (2)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (3)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (4)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (5)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (1)+compound G compound (1)+compound H compound (1)+compound I compound (1)+compound J | 500+10 100+5 500+10 100+5 500+10 100+5 500+10 100+5 500+5 100+1.25 500+10 100+5 500+30 100+10 500+30 100+10 | 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 1 4 1 |
Test example 9: the activity test of rice husk eqpidemic disease is protected in water surface dispenser in advance
Pack in the Wagner basin (1/10000 are) sandy loam and water filling are implanted into paddy rice (two leaf phases, Kinki33 number) and cultivated 7 days in the greenhouse in basin.The particle that contains one or more test chemicals according to formulation example 7 preparations.Then, they are sprinkling upon on the water surface of each basin.After the dispenser 7 days, in the pathogene of plant root inoculation rice husk eqpidemic disease.Postvaccinal paddy rice was kept 10 days under 27 ℃ of high humility, to test the same manner of 1, measured the control effect by control characteristic.The results are shown in table 10.
Table 10
| The test chemicals | Active component rate of application (restraining/10 ares) | Control characteristic |
| Compound (1) compound (2) compound (3) compound (4) compound (5) compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (1)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (2)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (3)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (4)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone compound (5)+compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone | 200 50 200 50 200 50 200 50 200 50 30 10 200+30 50+10 200+30 50+10 200+30 50+10 200+30 50+10 200+30 50+10 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 2 |
Test example 10: the prophylactic activity of rice blast and remaining activity test
The sandy loam of packing in the plastic basin is planted paddy rice (Kindi33 number) and was cultivated 20 days in the greenhouse in basin.The wettable powder that contains one or more test chemicals according to formulation example 7 preparations.Then, they are diluted with water to predetermined concentration, and the gained chemical solutions is sprayed on rice stem and the leaf, fully anchor on the blade face of rice seedling.In preventive effect test, after chemical solutions is air-dry, the spore solution of rice blast substance is sprayed onto on the rice seedling to paddy rice inoculation rice blast substance.In remaining effect test, after room temperature is kept 7 days, the spore suspension of rice blast substance is sprayed onto on the rice seedling to paddy rice inoculation rice blast substance seedling.Postvaccinal rice seedling was kept 10 days under 24 ℃ of high humility, measured the control effect by following control characteristic.Control
Index control effect
5 is intact
4 are not less than 90%
3 70-89％
2 41-69％
1 1-40％
0 0％
The results are shown in table 11.
Table 11
| Test compound | Activity component concentration (ppm) | Control characteristic | |
| Residual activity | Prophylactic activity | ||
| Compound (1) compound (2) compound (3) compound (4) compound (5) compound L compound (1)+compound L compound (2)+compound L compound (3)+compound L compound (4)+compound L compound (5)+compound L | 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5+5 1+1 5+5 1+1 5+5 1+1 5+5 1+1 5+5 1+1 | 4 2 4 2 4 1 4 1 4 2 3 1 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 | 4 2 4 2 4 1 4 1 4 2 2 0 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 |
Test example 11: the activity test of water surface dispenser prevention rice blast
Pack in the Wagner basin (1/10000 are) sandy loam and water filling are implanted into paddy rice (two leaf phases, Kinki33 number) and cultivated 7 days in the greenhouse in basin.The particle that contains one or more test chemicals according to formulation example 1 preparation.Then, they are sprinkling upon on the water surface of each basin.Cultivate continuously 7 days (below be called " test a ") or 14 days (below be called " test b ") afterwards in paddy rice, the spore suspension of rice blast substance is sprayed onto on the paddy rice to paddy rice inoculation rice blast substance.Postvaccinal paddy rice was kept 10 days under 24 ℃ of high humility, with test example 1 the same manner, measured the control effect by control characteristic.The results are shown in table 12.
Table 12
| The test chemicals | Active component amount of application (restraining/10 ares) | Control characteristic | |
| Test a | Test b | ||
| Compound (1) compound (2) compound (3) compound (4) compound (5) compound K compound L compound M compound N compound (1)+compound K compound (1)+compound L | 20 5 20 5 20 5 20 5 20 5 200 50 50 10 100 30 50 10 20+200 5+50 20+50 5+10 | 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 5 4 5 4 | 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 5 3 5 3 |
Table 12 (continuing)
| The test chemicals | Active component amount of application (restraining/10 ares) | Control characteristic | |
| Test a | Test b | ||
| Compound (1)+compound M compound (1)+compound N compound (2)+compound L compound (3)+compound L compound (4)+compound L compound (5)+compound L | 200+100 5+35 20+50 5+10 20+50 5+10 20+50 5+10 20+50 5+10 20+50 5+10 | 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 | 5 3 5 3 5 3 5 3 5 3 5 3 |
Claims (1)
1. Fungicidal composition that agricultural/horticultural is used, the amide derivatives that it comprises a kind of formula I are as active component:
Wherein X is hydrogen atom or chlorine atom, and Y is chlorine atom or bromine atoms, and R is methyl or vinyl; With the 5-methyl isophthalic acid, 2,4-triazol [3,4-b] benzothiazole, 5-methyl isophthalic acid wherein, 2, the mixing ratio of 4-triazol [3,4-b] benzothiazole is the amide derivatives 0.1-10 weight portion of per 1 part of formula I.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP275371/1993 | 1993-11-04 | ||
| JP27537193A JP3307026B2 (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1993-11-04 | Agricultural and horticultural sterilizing composition |
| JP282640/1993 | 1993-11-11 | ||
| JP285179/1993 | 1993-11-15 | ||
| JP144863/1994 | 1994-06-27 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100078873A Division CN100382690C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Agricultural/garden antifungal composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1817132A CN1817132A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| CN100346696C true CN100346696C (en) | 2007-11-07 |
Family
ID=17554557
Family Applications (11)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100970987A Expired - Fee Related CN100566565C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Agricultural or garden antifungal composition |
| CNB2006100093872A Expired - Fee Related CN100346696C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2007100970991A Expired - Fee Related CN100515194C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2007100971015A Expired - Fee Related CN100525617C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2007100970972A Expired - Fee Related CN100566564C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Agricultural or garden antifungal composition |
| CNB2007100971000A Expired - Fee Related CN100515195C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2006100093891A Expired - Fee Related CN100353837C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2007100971034A Expired - Fee Related CN100525618C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2007100971049A Expired - Fee Related CN100525619C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB200710097102XA Expired - Fee Related CN100515196C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2006100093887A Expired - Fee Related CN100350839C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100970987A Expired - Fee Related CN100566565C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Agricultural or garden antifungal composition |
Family Applications After (9)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100970991A Expired - Fee Related CN100515194C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2007100971015A Expired - Fee Related CN100525617C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2007100970972A Expired - Fee Related CN100566564C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Agricultural or garden antifungal composition |
| CNB2007100971000A Expired - Fee Related CN100515195C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2006100093891A Expired - Fee Related CN100353837C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2007100971034A Expired - Fee Related CN100525618C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2007100971049A Expired - Fee Related CN100525619C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB200710097102XA Expired - Fee Related CN100515196C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
| CNB2006100093887A Expired - Fee Related CN100350839C (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1994-11-04 | Antimicrobial composition for agriculture and horticulture |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3307026B2 (en) |
| CN (11) | CN100566565C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012041307A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-03-01 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Composition for preventing/controlling harmful arthropod and method of preventing/controlling harmful arthropod |
| WO2012133861A1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Diene amides and their use against arthropods |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1040792A (en) * | 1988-09-01 | 1990-03-28 | 罗纳-普朗克农业化学公司 | Antifungal agents based on amides containing phenyl group |
| CN1015966B (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1992-03-25 | 株式会社前田制作所 | Multiplicate winding machine and winding method using espansive chuck |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8903019D0 (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1989-03-30 | Ici Plc | Fungicides |
| US5223526A (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1993-06-29 | Monsanto Company | Pyrazole carboxanilide fungicides and use |
-
1993
- 1993-11-04 JP JP27537193A patent/JP3307026B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-11-04 CN CNB2007100970987A patent/CN100566565C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-04 CN CNB2006100093872A patent/CN100346696C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-04 CN CNB2007100970991A patent/CN100515194C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-04 CN CNB2007100971015A patent/CN100525617C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-04 CN CNB2007100970972A patent/CN100566564C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-04 CN CNB2007100971000A patent/CN100515195C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-04 CN CNB2006100093891A patent/CN100353837C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-04 CN CNB2007100971034A patent/CN100525618C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-04 CN CNB2007100971049A patent/CN100525619C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-04 CN CNB200710097102XA patent/CN100515196C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-04 CN CNB2006100093887A patent/CN100350839C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1040792A (en) * | 1988-09-01 | 1990-03-28 | 罗纳-普朗克农业化学公司 | Antifungal agents based on amides containing phenyl group |
| CN1015966B (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1992-03-25 | 株式会社前田制作所 | Multiplicate winding machine and winding method using espansive chuck |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100515194C (en) | 2009-07-22 |
| CN100353837C (en) | 2007-12-12 |
| CN101057581A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| CN100525619C (en) | 2009-08-12 |
| CN101057577A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| CN101057574A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| CN101057580A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| JPH07126112A (en) | 1995-05-16 |
| CN100525617C (en) | 2009-08-12 |
| JP3307026B2 (en) | 2002-07-24 |
| CN100515196C (en) | 2009-07-22 |
| CN100525618C (en) | 2009-08-12 |
| CN101057576A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| CN1817133A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| CN100566564C (en) | 2009-12-09 |
| CN100566565C (en) | 2009-12-09 |
| CN101057578A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| CN101057575A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| CN1817134A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| CN100515195C (en) | 2009-07-22 |
| CN101057579A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| CN1817132A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| CN100350839C (en) | 2007-11-28 |
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