CN100345607C - Process and apparatus for treating waste gas of sulphuric acid plant - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for treating waste gas of sulphuric acid plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN100345607C CN100345607C CNB2005101366069A CN200510136606A CN100345607C CN 100345607 C CN100345607 C CN 100345607C CN B2005101366069 A CNB2005101366069 A CN B2005101366069A CN 200510136606 A CN200510136606 A CN 200510136606A CN 100345607 C CN100345607 C CN 100345607C
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- heat exchanger
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Abstract
The present invention discloses process technology and an apparatus for treating the waste gas of a sulphuric acid plant. The present invention provides a technology method and an apparatus for aiming at the problems that a large amount of chemical material, such as acid and alkali, etc. needs to be consumed, treatment cost is high, the secondary pollution of low value of waste is generated along with the treatment, etc. existing in the prior art. After precooled by the reverse heat exchange of a three stage heat exchanger which is connected to a waste gas input tube in series, untreated waste gas generated by a sulphuric acid plant reaches to a clarifying tank, the clarifying tank is arranged in a cold trap, and the cold trap is communicated with a liquid nitrogen compression refrigerating machine, so that the temperature of the clarifying tank reaches to negative 180DEG; poison gas, such as So < 2 > which reaches to the clarifying tank is solidified to fall in the tank due to a deep cooling function, and the aim for clarifying waste gas is achieved. The technology method of the present invention does not need to rely on raw materials, such as acid, alkali, etc., can reduce processing cost and can not generate the secondary pollution, and has relative simple processing procedures. The present invention has the advantages of small land occupation of equipment, simple operation, full closed equipment and high safety, and basically meets the stringent specification of the zero discharge of the poison gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical plant treatment of waste gas technology and device, particularly relate to a kind of treatment process and device of waste gas of sulphuric acid plant.
Background technology
At present, aspect the improvement of large chemical plant's poisonous and harmful tail gas, the processing aspect of the toxic gas of particularly large-scale gas washing in SA production factory, prior art mainly is that the employing wet method is that chemical absorption method is handled, and this method need utilize a large amount of acid (sulfuric acid) alkali (ammoniacal liquor, caustic soda) neutralization reaction to eliminate SO
2Deng gas, mainly there are the following problems for this method: (1) soda acid consumption is very considerable, the cost height; (2) secondary pollution of low value discarded object (sulfur acid ammonium, sodium sulphate etc.); (3) a large amount of occupation of land; (4) a large amount of contaminated wastewaters; (5) a large amount of freights; (6) strong to the raw material dependence.At flue gas SO
2Processing method on, although the employing active carbon adsorption that grow up the seventies in 20th century carries out exhaust-gas treatment, yet the fatal shortcoming of this method is that the charcoal absorption amount is little.Though exploitation has in recent years adopted modification absorption and band to press adsorption technology to improve the charcoal absorption amount, all has adsorption equilibrium and chemical equilibrium problem, can't reach the high standard of toxic gas zero-emission, the modification adsorption technology also need utilize HNO in addition
3, NH
3, soda acid such as HCN, also have the low value discarded object secondary pollution problem of (as dilute sulfuric acid very) simultaneously.And above-mentioned method all exists treatment step many, the problem that can't realize in a step.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is at above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and a kind of raw material such as soda acid that need not rely on is provided, and reduces processing cost and does not produce secondary pollution, the process that the simple relatively waste gas of sulphuric acid plant of treatment step is handled.
Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of device that is used for waste gas of sulphuric acid plant treatment process of the present invention.
First purpose of the present invention is that as follows process realizes: (1) waste gas is discharged in the exhaust input tube; (2) waste gas flows through in the first order heat exchanger that is connected on the exhaust input tube, carries out reverse heat exchange with another burst cold air that flows through in the heat exchanger, simultaneously also carries out precooling after the heat exchange by heat exchanger shell and outside air; (3) waste gas after the previous step precooling flows through second level heat exchanger, when temperature is higher than-35 ℃, and is pressed into by the liquefied ammonia compression refigerating machine that-35 ℃ of cool brines carry out reverse heat exchange in the heat exchanger, and waste gas is further cooled off; (4) further cooled waste gas flows through in the third level heat exchanger, carries out reverse heat exchange with another burst cold air that flows through in the heat exchanger, makes waste gas obtain precooling for the third time; (5) arrived in the clarifier-tank by exhaust input tube through the waste gas after above three precoolings, clarifier-tank is positioned in the cold-trap, and cold-trap and liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine fuse by liquid nitrogen pipes, makes cold-trap refrigeration to-186 ℃, and clarifier-tank refrigeration is to-180 ℃; (6) waste gas that arrives in the clarifier-tank further cools off SO wherein
2Condense into by the deep cooling effect Deng toxic gas and to fall in the clarifier-tank after solid-state; (7) through previous step purified gas such as O
2, N
2Deng being extracted in the purified gas return duct, flow through in the described first order heat exchanger of (2) step after, carry out (2) described heat exchange of step and after heating up, be discharged in the air as cold air; The liquid nitrogen of (8) from cold-trap, vaporizing from the nitrogen air inlet pipe flow through (4) step described third level heat exchanger in, as cold air carry out (4) step described heat exchange after, flow back in the liquid nitrogen refrigerator from the nitrogen reflux pipe; (9) meanwhile, (5) step, described liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine carried out heat exchange with the heat exchanger that is installed in it, and the temperature of liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine is reduced.
Second purpose of the present invention is that general following device is realized: it comprises that several are positioned over the clarifier-tank in the cold-trap, between the The initial segment of the exhaust input tube in feeding clarifier-tank and the ending segment of exhaust input tube, head and the tail are connected with three grades of at least more than one identical heat exchangers arranged side by side successively, described cold-trap links to each other by liquid nitrogen pipes with the liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine, in the liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine water heat exchanger is installed; Wherein, also be connected from the first order heat exchanger of exhaust input tube The initial segment between the ending segment of the The initial segment of the purified gas delivery pipe that is connected with clarifier-tank and purified gas delivery pipe, second level heat exchanger also is connected by the cool brine water inlet pipe of its bottom and the salt solution outlet pipe on its top with the liquefied ammonia compression refigerating machine, and the bottom of third level heat exchanger also passes through also that the nitrogen air inlet pipe is connected with the top of cold-trap, its top then is connected by the top of nitrogen reflux pipe with the liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine; On the pipeline of each clarifier-tank of feeding of the The initial segment of the ending segment of exhaust input tube and purified gas delivery pipe, be separately installed with valve.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has adopted the liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine to make cold-trap refrigeration, because the liquid nitrogen boiling point is 77K (196 ℃), makes through three-stage heat exchanger preliminary cooled sulfuric acid plant tail gas such as SO
2Further solidify after arriving clarifier-tank in the cold-trap Deng gas, thereby reach the purpose of purifying exhaust air owing to deep cooling effect generation physical change.Therefore beneficial effect of the present invention shows: need not use corrosive substances such as any soda acid, processing cost is low; One step of exhaust-gas treatment finishes and non-secondary pollution; Equipment takes up an area of little, easy and simple to handle; Equipment is totally-enclosed, high safety; Substantially satisfy the high standard of toxic gas zero-emission.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the device of the embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the device of the embodiment of the invention two.
The specific embodiment
Device referring to the enforcement one of Fig. 1, it comprises three clarifier-tanks 2 that are positioned in the cold-trap 1, between the The initial segment 301 of the exhaust input tube in feeding clarifier-tank 2 and the ending segment 302 of exhaust input tube, head and the tail are connected with two identical heat exchangers 4 arranged side by side, heat exchanger 5 and heat exchanger 6 successively, cold-trap 1 is connected by liquid nitrogen pipes 8 with liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine 7, and water heat exchanger 9 is installed in the liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine 7; Wherein, heat exchanger 4 also is connected between the ending segment 101 of the The initial segment 102 of the purified gas delivery pipe that is connected with clarifier-tank 2 and purified gas delivery pipe, heat exchanger 5 also is connected by the cool brine water inlet pipe of its bottom and the salt solution outlet pipe on its top with liquefied ammonia compression refigerating machine 11, and the bottom of heat exchanger 6 also passes through also that the nitrogen air inlet pipe is connected with the top of cold-trap 1, its top then is connected by the top of nitrogen reflux pipe with liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine 7; On the pipeline of each clarifier-tank 2 of feeding of the The initial segment 102 of the ending segment 302 of exhaust input tube and purified gas delivery pipe, be separately installed with valve 12.
Temperature is that 60～80 ℃ the exhaust apparatus of sulfuric acid plant's tail gas by sulfuric acid plant enters from the The initial segment 301 of exhaust input tube, from top to bottom in over-heat-exchanger 4, and the cold purified gas of extracting out in the clarifier-tank enters from the The initial segment 102 of purified gas return duct, from bottom to up through over-heat-exchanger 4, the pipeline of cold cleaning air-flow in heat exchanger 4, the outside of heat exchanger 4 interior conduits and hot exhaust gas is flowed through, two kinds of gas reverse flows, carry out sufficient heat exchange, reach the purpose of preliminary cooled exhaust gas, simultaneously, hot exhaust gas also carries out the portion of hot exchange by the shell of heat exchanger 4 and extraneous normal temperature air; Tail gas discharged further enter into the pipeline in the heat exchanger 5 in the heat exchanger 4, and the liquefied ammonia compression refigerating machine 11 that is connected with the outside of heat exchanger 5 interior conduits is pressed into-35 ℃ salt solution from the bottom up by the cool brine water inlet pipe, carry out reverse heat exchange with tail gas, tail gas is further cooled off; Further the tail gas of cooling enters into the pipeline in the heat exchanger 6, the nitrogen air inlet pipe that is connected with the outside of heat exchanger 6 interior conduits is sent into heat exchanger 6 from the bottom up to the nitrogen that is formed by the liquid nitrogen vaporization in cold-trap 1, carry out once reverse heat exchange again with the tail gas in it, make tail gas further cool off; Improved the cooling effect of clarifier-tank through the tail gas of three grades of preliminary coolings.Because cold-trap and liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine fuse, the boiling point of liquid nitrogen is 77K, and promptly-196 ℃, owing to the wall heat transfer factor, the temperature that causes being placed on the clarifier-tank in the cold-trap is approximately-180 ℃, makes the SO in the tail gas
2Solidify and drop in the clarifier-tank owing to the deep cooling effect Deng pernicious gas, not solidified gas is as O
2, N
2Then take away, thereby reached the purpose of cleaning of off-gas from the purified gas return duct.When the work of this device, each valve 12 shown in Figure 1 is all opened.The device of three grades of tail gas precoolings of the present invention has made full use of intrasystem energy exchange, realizes purpose of energy saving.
From Fig. 1, also can see, in each clarifier-tank, be equipped with and pass image-position sensor 13.
Pass image-position sensor 13 and be used to monitor the situation of change that purifies pool gas.
Device referring to the embodiment two of Fig. 2, except that having the structure identical with embodiment one, also comprise: the bottom of heat exchanger 9 is connected with cold water inlet 14, the top connects heat exchange water outlet pipe 15, heat exchange water outlet pipe 15 is connected to the bottom of hot-tub 16, the top, side of hot-tub 16 is connected with a drainpipe, and valve is installed on the drainpipe.
Pernicious gas such as SO in certain clarifier-tank 2
2Collect certain degree, close this clarifier-tank valve 12, clarifier-tank 2 is dismantled (size of clarifier-tank is made scope for convenience detach) down from cold-trap 1, a mouth of pipe of clarifier-tank is blocked, another mouth of pipe is received on the discharge duct, and clarifier-tank is put into hot-tub 16, and this moment, heat exchange water was pressed in the hot-tub 16 from heat exchange water outlet pipe 15, because temperature raises, the solid SO in the clarifier-tank
2The gasification of being heated is because of SO
2In industry, has purposes widely, the SO of gaseous state
2The vavuum pump 17 that is installed in the exhaust outlet place is extracted out and is reclaimed.When the water in the hot-tub 16 is full, the valve open on the drainpipe of top, hot-tub 16 side is discharged water.A large amount of heat that this structure produces when liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine 7 of the present invention is freezed makes full use of at the cleaning clarifier-tank and reclaims SO
2Process in, realized the utilization again of the energy.
Claims (6)
1. the treatment process of a waste gas of sulphuric acid plant is characterized in that comprising the step of following order:
(1) waste gas is discharged in the exhaust input tube; (2) waste gas flows through in the first order heat exchanger that is connected on the exhaust input tube, carries out reverse heat exchange with another burst cold air that flows through in the heat exchanger, simultaneously also carries out precooling after the heat exchange by heat exchanger shell and outside air; (3) waste gas after the previous step precooling flows through second level heat exchanger, when temperature is higher than-35 ℃, and is pressed into by the liquefied ammonia compression refigerating machine that-35 ℃ of cool brines carry out reverse heat exchange in the heat exchanger, and waste gas is further cooled off; (4) further cooled waste gas flows through in the third level heat exchanger, carries out reverse heat exchange with another burst cold air that flows through in the heat exchanger, makes waste gas obtain precooling for the third time; (5) arrived in the clarifier-tank by exhaust input tube through the waste gas after above three precoolings, clarifier-tank is positioned in the cold-trap, and cold-trap and liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine fuse by liquid nitrogen pipes, makes cold-trap refrigeration to-186 ℃, and clarifier-tank refrigeration is to-180 ℃; (6) waste gas that arrives in the clarifier-tank further cools off SO wherein
2Condense into by the deep cooling effect Deng toxic gas and to fall in the clarifier-tank after solid-state; (7) through previous step purified gas such as O
2, N
2Deng being extracted in the purified gas return duct, flow through in the described first order heat exchanger of (2) step after, carry out (2) described heat exchange of step and after heating up, be discharged in the air as cold air; The liquid nitrogen of (8) from cold-trap, vaporizing from the nitrogen air inlet pipe flow through (4) step described third level heat exchanger in, as cold air carry out (4) step described heat exchange after, flow back in the liquid nitrogen refrigerator from the nitrogen reflux pipe; (9) meanwhile, (5) step, described liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine carried out heat exchange with the heat exchanger that is installed in it, and the temperature of liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine is reduced.
2. the treatment process of waste gas of sulphuric acid plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the waste gas situation of solidifying in the described clarifier-tank is indicated by the biography image-position sensor that is installed in it.
3. the treatment process of waste gas of sulphuric acid plant according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: after the cold water that described heat exchanger of (9) step is pressed into by cold water inlet carries out heat exchange, becoming heat exchange water enters in the hot-tub from the heat exchange water outlet pipe, at this moment, gas sampling is dismantled from cold-trap down to clarifier-tank to a certain degree, one of them mouth of pipe is blocked up, after another mouth of pipe is received on the discharge duct, put into hot-tub, by hot water clarifier-tank is heated, wherein the waste gas SO that gets off of condensation
2After being heated into gaseous state, being extracted out and collect from exhaust pipe mouth by vavuum pump.
4. device that is used for the waste gas of sulphuric acid plant treatment process, it is characterized in that: it comprises that several are positioned over the clarifier-tank (2) in the cold-trap (1), between the The initial segment (301) of the exhaust input tube in feeding clarifier-tank (2) and the ending segment (302) of exhaust input tube successively head and the tail be connected with at least more than one identical heat exchanger (4), heat exchanger (5) and heat exchanger (6) arranged side by side, described cold-trap (1) links to each other by liquid nitrogen pipes (8) with liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine (7), and water heat exchanger (9) is installed in the liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine (7); Wherein, heat exchanger (4) also is connected between the ending segment (101) of the The initial segment (102) of the purified gas delivery pipe that is connected with clarifier-tank (2) and purified gas delivery pipe, heat exchanger (5) also is connected by the cool brine water inlet pipe of its bottom and the salt solution outlet pipe on its top with liquefied ammonia compression refigerating machine (11), and the bottom of heat exchanger (6) also passes through also that the nitrogen air inlet pipe is connected with the top of cold-trap (1), its top then is connected by the top of nitrogen reflux pipe with liquid nitrogen compression refigerating machine (7); On the pipeline of each clarifier-tank of feeding (2) of the The initial segment (102) of the ending segment (302) of exhaust input tube and purified gas delivery pipe, be separately installed with valve (12).
5. the treating apparatus of waste gas of sulphuric acid plant according to claim 4 is characterized in that: be equipped with in each clarifier-tank and pass image-position sensor (13).
6. according to the treating apparatus of claim 4 or 5 described waste gas of sulphuric acid plant, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described water heat exchanger (9) is connected with cold water inlet (14), the top connects heat exchange water outlet pipe (15), heat exchange water outlet pipe (15) is connected to the bottom of hot-tub (16), the top, side of hot-tub (16) is connected with a drainpipe, and valve is installed on the drainpipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101366069A CN100345607C (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2005-12-19 | Process and apparatus for treating waste gas of sulphuric acid plant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101366069A CN100345607C (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2005-12-19 | Process and apparatus for treating waste gas of sulphuric acid plant |
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| CN1806879A CN1806879A (en) | 2006-07-26 |
| CN100345607C true CN100345607C (en) | 2007-10-31 |
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| CNB2005101366069A Expired - Fee Related CN100345607C (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2005-12-19 | Process and apparatus for treating waste gas of sulphuric acid plant |
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| CN104141155B (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2016-06-08 | 湖州织里荣华铝业有限公司 | A kind of electrolytic aluminum emission-control equipment |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU476221A1 (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1975-07-05 | Предприятие П/Я В-8830 | Sulfuric Acid Wash Cooling Method |
| JPS51122692A (en) * | 1975-04-21 | 1976-10-26 | Ebara Corp | Method for exhaust gas treatment in sulfuric acid production plant |
| CN1048173A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1991-01-02 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Contain the iodine activated-carbon catalyst and be used for elimination and recovery industrial exhaust gas sulfur dioxide technology |
| US6106791A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 2000-08-22 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas treating systems |
-
2005
- 2005-12-19 CN CNB2005101366069A patent/CN100345607C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU476221A1 (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1975-07-05 | Предприятие П/Я В-8830 | Sulfuric Acid Wash Cooling Method |
| JPS51122692A (en) * | 1975-04-21 | 1976-10-26 | Ebara Corp | Method for exhaust gas treatment in sulfuric acid production plant |
| CN1048173A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1991-01-02 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Contain the iodine activated-carbon catalyst and be used for elimination and recovery industrial exhaust gas sulfur dioxide technology |
| US6106791A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 2000-08-22 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas treating systems |
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Granted publication date: 20071031 Termination date: 20100119 |