CN100344989C - Rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system - Google Patents
Rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100344989C CN100344989C CNB2005101236332A CN200510123633A CN100344989C CN 100344989 C CN100344989 C CN 100344989C CN B2005101236332 A CNB2005101236332 A CN B2005101236332A CN 200510123633 A CN200510123633 A CN 200510123633A CN 100344989 C CN100344989 C CN 100344989C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a primary and secondary satellite system which realizes fine spatial resolution by using the combination of an interference type synthetic aperture imaging technique and aerial array rotary scanning. The primary and secondary satellite system comprises a primary satellite and N secondary satellites. Each secondary satellite is distributed in a position corresponding to the primary satellite, which is obtained by using an optimization method aiming at the length of a sampling baseline of a spatial frequency. The primary and secondary satellite system enhances the sparse efficiency of apertures, simplifies the system complexity of an irradiation image maker, enhances the coverage of a spatial frequency domain and enhances the spatial resolution; the gradient for combining centrifugal force and gravity is stable, and thus, the simple and stable control of component star attitude is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to passive microwave imaging instrument in the spacer remote sensing field, relates in particular to a kind ofly to utilize the interferometric synthetic aperture imaging technique to combine with the aerial array rotation sweep to realize the primary and secondary satellite system of high spatial resolution.
Background technology
Microwave remote sensing technique is an emerging science and technology field that grows up after the sixties in this century, is another effective earth observation means after visible light and infrared remote sensing.It occupies more and more important position in the remote sensing technology field, has been widely used in monitoring global change, space exploration, development of resources, environmental protection and other civilian and military field at present.
Microwave remote sensing comprises active microwave remote sensing and passive microwave remote sensing.Active remote sensing claims active remote sensing again, and it obtains target information by reception and evaluating objects to the scattering response of the microwave signal of remote sensor emission; Passive remote sensing claims passive remote sensing again, and it obtains the information about target property by the microwave signal of reception and evaluating objects self radiation.The active microwave remote sensing device comprises radar altimeter, scatterometer and synthetic-aperture radar etc.; The passive microwave remote sensing device is a microwave radiometer.
Microwave radiometer obtains the characteristic information of atural object by the microwave noise radiation that receives atural object self, compare with active microwave remote sensing device (radar), have advantages such as volume is little, in light weight, and it is insensitive to macrostructure features such as target surface roughness, having obtained good application at aspects such as atmosphere, ocean, vegetation and soil humidity measurings, is the maximum satellite-borne microwave remote sensor of present quantity.
Because the measured cultural noise radiation of microwave radiometer is incoherent random noise signal, can't resemble the signal that diverse location on the platform motion track is measured the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) processing that is concerned with, realize big equivalent bore.Therefore the spatial resolution of traditional single antenna total power microwave radiometer is decided by the physics bore of receiving antenna fully.And for spaceborne platform, antenna size and weight all are subjected to strict restriction.Therefore improve spatial resolution and be always the bottleneck problem in the microwave radiometry technology, the ground space resolution of existing satellite-borne microwave radiometer all is tens even the hundreds of kilometer, mainly uses the measurement that is confined to big, the mesoscale process and the phenomenon of atmosphere and ocean.
This bottleneck of breakthrough that is introduced as of interferometric synthetic aperture imaging technique provides effective means.This technology derives from the radio astronomy field, 1950～nineteen sixty at first is applied to improve the angular resolution of radio astronomical telescope for astronomers, obtained good effect, as document [1] A.Richard Thompson, James M.Moran, George W.Swenson, " Interferometry and synthesis in radioastronomy ", Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida, 1994 disclosed technology.Since the eighties in 20th century, this technology is introduced in the remote sensing field and is applied to earth observation, as document [2] C.S.Ruf, C.T.Swift, A.B.Tanner and D.M.Le Vine, " Interferometricsynthetic aperture microwave radiometry for the remote sensing of the earth ", IEEE Trans.GRS, Vol.26, No.5, pp.597-611, Sep, disclosed technology in 1988.The ultimate principle of public technology is to utilize the binary interferometer with different base length and direction to carry out the sampling of spatial frequency domain in the document 2, and then obtains spatial image through Fourier Tranform.Because the element antenna in the binary interferometer is can be by different baselines repeatedly shared and the element antenna aperture is very little, therefore original bigger antenna physical pore size just can be replaced by the junior unit aerial array that sparse ratio scatters greatly, need not beam scanning simultaneously, be convenient to spaceborne realization.
The basic comprising unit of synthetic aperture microwave radiometer is the binary interferometer, and its function is that the multiple correlation computing is carried out in the output of two element antennas, the relevant output that obtains be commonly called visibility function (VF, VisibilityFunction).The element antenna primordial line of these two different spatial.If the bright temperature distribution of atural object is called space time territory (abbreviation spatial domain), then the measured value of interferometer under different baselines just is called spatial frequency domain (abbreviation frequency field), and the multiple correlation of the binary interferometer of resulting different baselines is exactly the visibility function component samples value at the spatial frequency domain coordinate place corresponding with this baseline.Because the binary interferometer is when carrying out the spatial frequency sampling, its baseline translation gained measurement result in certain distance constant (satisfying the antenna far field condition), therefore same baseline or spatial frequency only need once sampling, and an element antenna can be shared by many baselines, so just makes a large amount of sparse of the element number of array antenna of same physical pore size.
Synthetic aperture microwave radiometer is actually the set of the binary interferometer of one group of CU common unit antenna.The length of these different baselines and direction have covered the whole space that (is decided by long baseline) from the low frequency to the high frequency in the two-dimensional space frequency, the radiation brightness that the visibility function sampled value of its instantaneous output has constituted target being observed is distributed in the Fourier Tranform in the projection of antenna array aperture.Therefore, the radiation brightness distributed image can obtain by anti-Fourier Tranform or other numerical transformation algorithm of visibility function measurement result.
According to top analysis, the design (being the locus distribution of element antenna) of how to make up by different baselines realizes the big as far as possible and covering uniformly to the spatial frequency domain sampling, just becomes the key issue of interferometric synthetic aperture imaging technique.Difference (also being the difference of baseline composite design mode) according to the sparse mode of aerial array, present interferometric synthetic aperture microwave radiometer mainly is divided into peacekeeping two dimension two big classes, as document [3] D.M.LeVine, " Synthetic aperture radiometer system ", IEEE Trans.MTT, Vol.47, No.12, pp.2228-2236, Dec, disclosed in 1999.
The one dimension synthetic aperture microwave radiometer generally adopts flagpole antenna to form sparse antenna array, is only utilizing shaft-like true narrow beam to realize required resolution along the rail direction, and is handing over the rail direction to adopt the synthetic aperture technology to obtain required narrow beam.Therefore unidimensional system is actually a synthetic aperture-true aperture and is blended into the picture system, and the design of baseline only need be considered the difference of base length, does not have the difference of direction.The one dimension synthetic aperture microwave radiometer is representative with the ESTAR (Electronically Scanned Thinned Array Radiometer is called for short ESTAR) of the U.S., as shown in Figure 1, and numeral 1 expression antenna array, numeral 2 expression target areas.This system was succeeded in developing in 1988 under the support of NASA (NASA) by U.S. Massachusetts university (UMASS), and made a large amount of air-borne test (Washita92 in the nineties, Washita94, SGP97, SGP99 etc.), obtained a large amount of test figures, and parameters such as soil moisture, seawater salineness have been done inverting, the strong synthetic aperture technology of having verified is applied to the feasibility of passive microwave remote sensing with advanced.ESTAR is one of comparatively ripe at present synthetic aperture microwave radiometer, among its follow-up spaceborne version HydroSTAR is also developing.
Domestic at present to one dimension synthetic aperture Study on Technology also comparative maturity, Space Sci. ﹠ Application Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences successively successfully developed the airborne synthetic aperture microwave radiometer of one dimension of two C-bands and X-band in 2001 and 2004, and fly to test successfully the airborne microwave radiometric image that obtains the high spatial resolution of knowing clearly by the school, list of references [4] Hao Liu, Ji Wu, Shouzheng Ban, etc, " The CAS Airborne X-bandSynthetic Aperture Radiometer:System Configuration and ExperimentalResults ", Proceeding of 2004 IEEE International Geoscience and RemoteSensing Symposium (IGARSS ' 04), Alaska, USA.
For the spaceborne system of one dimension, its deficiency is: owing to still needing to utilize the true aperture of Waveguide slot antenna to obtain spatial resolution along the rail direction, so the further reduction of the bulking value of antenna is restricted; And, when the receiving element one-dimensional linear distributes, provablely identical baseline combination can appear inevitably when the unit number greater than 4 the time.This will cause under the bigger situation in aperture, and the redundancy of baseline will increase.
The two-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometer all is being to adopt the synthetic aperture technology to realize obtaining the required narrow beam of high spatial resolution along rail and friendship rail direction.Different with unidimensional system, two-dimensional synthetic aperture radiometer is realized the effectively sparse of aerial array on two-dimentional aperture plane, has brought into play the superiority of synthetic aperture technology to greatest extent.Distributing on two dimensional surface of baseline, the design of baseline combination must be considered the optimization of base length and base direction simultaneously.Typical two-dimentional system with Europe at the MIRAS that grinds (Microwave Imaging Radiometer using ApertureSynthesis, be called for short MIRAS) be representative, as list of references [5]: M.Mart í n-Neira and J.M.Goutoule, " MIRAS-A two-dimensional aperture-synthesis radiometer for soilmoisture and ocean salinity observations; " ESA Bulletin, no.92, pp.95-104, Nov.1997; In disclosed technology.MIRAS adopts the sparse scheme of Y type aerial array, and every brachium reaches 4.5 meters, and total system contains 69 antennas and receiver unit, and about 5000 correlators, is present state-of-the-art synthetic aperture radiometer system.The notion of MIRAS 1994 is proposed by European Space Agency (ESA), and be determined ESA soil moisture and seawater salinity earth observation satellite (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinitymission in 1998, SMOS) unique load, this satellite are estimated in emission in 2007.But for existing two-dimentional system, for example Y shape, U-shaped, cruciform, still there is the situation that the receiving element one-dimensional linear is arranged in its part, and the situation of the baseline redundancy under the one-dimensional case therefore also inevitably can occur.
The synthetic aperture radiometer system of the above existing high resolution of introducing of analysis-by-synthesis, no matter be to be the unidimensional system of representative with ESTAR or to be the two-dimentional system of representative with MIRAS, the design of its sparse antenna array is all fixing not to be scanned, just, obtain different baseline combinations by to the optimization of antenna element on two-dimensional space distributes.
Really, one of original intention of interferometric synthetic aperture notion introducing passive remote sensing earth observation is exactly the difficulty for fear of large aperture antenna mechanical scanning.But the difficulty that reduces the emission volume and the weight of antenna and evade antenna mechanical scanning by such mode also has cost, that is exactly the complicated of whole radiometer system, each element antenna all needs to be equipped with separately a receiver, and the intermediate frequency output of all receivers need be input to the correlator related operation of writing in reply.This point is particularly outstanding in two-dimentional system, with MIRAS is example, total system comprises 69 receivers and the digital correlator array that reaches 5000 unit, and this will increase the cost and the difficulty of systems engineering development undoubtedly, and the stability and the system calibration of system works brought great challenge.
Therefore, the deficiencies in the prior art just need a kind of improved synthetic aperture passive microwave imaging system.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, spatial resolution for more effective raising passive microwave remote sensing, reduce the system complex degree of the interferometric synthetic aperture radiometer of the sparse scheme of existing employing non-scanning antenna, reach the higher sparse degree in aperture, thereby a kind of improved rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system is provided.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme taked of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system comprises:
One female star, be used for earth observing and controlling with communicate by letter and control the whole system operation state;
N component, tether or rigidity boom and female star physical connection are drawn by one in each described component, and have the gravity gradient balanced capacity to guarantee its attitude stabilization; Described female star and N described component is distributed on the same plane; The value of N is not particularly limited, mainly selectes according to the requirement of spatial resolution, and the resolution requirement height, then the value of N is also just big; General N can be the integer more than or equal to 2.
As shown in Figure 2, when system was in running order, whole primary and secondary satellite system was around described female star spin, and spin axis points to target being observed.
In technique scheme, described female star and each described component all are equipped with solar energy sailboard to power separately.
In technique scheme, described component mainly comprises a circular polarisation element antenna and receiver, is used for covering the coherent reception that reaches the bright temperature of this area radiation at the antenna beam that rotary course is finished the observation area; Described female star mainly comprises a digital signal processing unit, finishes the digital correlation computing to each component received signal, obtains interference image; Described female star also comprises a synchronizing signal device, and being used for provides a public local oscillation signal or synchronizing signal to each component unification, to guarantee the coherence of each receiver received signal; The transmission of the data transmission between described female star and the described component and relevant local oscillator or synchronizing signal can be finished by wireless or wired mode.Described female star is finished the communication link between whole satellite and the ground.In addition, female star and each component also all need be equipped with solar energy sailboard and power separately.
In technique scheme, each described component is adopted at the optimization method of the length of spatial frequency sampling baseline with respect to the position distribution of described female star and is got; Optimization method is: 1) length of definition baseline is exactly the distance between certain two component; 2) each appointing, got baseline of two formation, total C in N component
N 2The bar baseline; 3) make the length of these baselines from being short to long equidistantly evenly distribution basically.Adopt the distribution of the component of above-mentioned optimization method acquisition, after whole constellation systems is finished a circle rotation, interferometry will cover whole spatial frequency domain, satisfy the requirement of imaging computing.
In technique scheme, the position of described female star is positioned on the center of gravity of whole primary and secondary satellite system.
In technique scheme, attitude stabilization is realized by the centrifugal force that a gravity gradient boom and the spin of this primary and secondary star system produce in each described component, makes the main lobe of its element antenna directional diagram point to target being observed all the time.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) spin by the primary and secondary satellite structure significantly reduces the required antenna element number of realization high resolution passive microwave remote sensing and the number of correlator, improves the sparse efficient in aperture, simplifies the system complexity of radiant image instrument;
(2) because the rotation of celestial body will make every sampling baseline cover all directions, only need consider the length of baseline during optimal design, thereby under the situation of same element antenna quantity, improve the spatial frequency domain covering greatly, improve spatial resolution;
(3) because the optimization of baseline is to carry out in whole two dimensional surface, therefore can effectively avoid antenna element to distribute and local linear situation (as Y shape, U-shaped, cruciform etc.) occur, thereby it is redundant to reach baseline zero, and the antenna element number can be reduced to the minimum value that the interferometric synthetic aperture imaging theory is limited;
(4), realized the attitude stabilization control of simple component in conjunction with centrifugal force and gravity gradient stabilization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is satellite (one dimension synthetic aperture microwave radiometer) synoptic diagram of the HydroSTAR of NASA in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is a rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 (a) is the optimization distribution schematic diagram of 8 components in the embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 (b) is the optimization figure as a result of unit 8 zero redundant 28 base length in the embodiments of the invention 1; Ordinate is represented the relative length of baseline, and horizontal ordinate is represented the baseline order;
Fig. 4 (a) is female star synoptic diagram of the interplanetary CME sun of embodiments of the invention SSO (Sun Synchronous Orbit) imaging primary and secondary satellite system;
Fig. 4 (b) is the component synoptic diagram of the interplanetary CME sun of embodiments of the invention SSO (Sun Synchronous Orbit) imaging primary and secondary satellite system.
Fig. 5 (a) is the optimization distribution schematic diagram of 8 components in the embodiments of the invention 2;
Fig. 5 (b) is the optimization figure as a result of unit 8 zero redundant 28 base length in the embodiments of the invention 2; Ordinate is represented the relative length of baseline, and horizontal ordinate is represented the baseline order;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail:
In the present invention, the rotation sweep of synthetic aperture technology and antenna element is combined, utilize one group of antenna element of fewer purpose to carry out the spatial frequency domain sampling of timesharing by rotation, under the antenna of use as much and the situation of receiver unit, more baseline combination and higher spatial resolution have been obtained; Or, reduce the complexity of system greatly at following usefulness of the situation antenna and the receiver unit seldom of same spatial resolution.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is an example with interplanetary CME (CME:Coronal Mass Ejection, coronal mass emission (CME)) sun SSO (Sun Synchronous Orbit) rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system.Utilize present embodiment, (its plasma density can reach every cubic centimetre 80 to the coronal mass emission (CME) incident plasma cloud that (apogee 0.5-1.5AU) commanding remote sensing observations is sent by the sun from the sun SSO (Sun Synchronous Orbit) track of high spud angle near Earth's orbit, speed can reach 1000KM/S), and it is carried out imaging monitor.Need to pay close attention to the CME on day ground line especially.
As shown in Figure 2, numeral 10 expressions are according to present embodiment rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system of the present invention, it is made of 1 female star 11 and 8 components 12, it is on the circumference in the center of circle with female star 11 that 8 component 12 non-equidistances are distributed in one, and spacing distributes and determines (will describe in detail in the back) according to the baseline sampling optimization method between the component 12.Circle diameter 100-200 rice (according to the last observing frequency adjustment of determining), female star 11 is positioned at system center of gravity place.Every component 12 is by a non-conductive traction tether 13 and female star 11 physical connections, so whole satellite system spin stabilization, rotating speed 2 commentaries on classics/hour, spin axis points to the sun.During emission, draw in female star 11 component 12, and the centrifugal force by female star 11 spins after the injection slowly discharges from female star 11, reaches desired locus and roll rate when surveying gradually.Obtain piece image per half an hour during detection, and the image space resolving power is the 3-6 degree, visual field 90-120 degree, and the interplanetary CME image that image about 20 * 20---100 * 100 pixels detect is a gray level image.
Wherein, shown in Fig. 4 (b), each component 12 comprises:
One circular polarisation element antenna 21 utilizes prior art to make the cross-shaped symmetrical element antenna, adopts the top to load whip antenna and realizes one of them double as gravity gradient boom 22;
One communication and control antenna 23, be used for and female star 11 between carry out data transmission and the transmission of be concerned with local oscillator or synchronizing signal;
Component solar energy sailboard 25 is used for providing the energy to the component;
One receiver unit is made up of amplifier and analog-digital converter, is used for the microwave signal that send in the observed object zone;
The wireless digital transmitter is used for to female star transmission observation data;
Wireless digital receiver: be used for receiving synchronizing clock signals from female star;
Above-mentioned receiver unit, wireless digital transmitter, wireless digital receiver all are arranged in the housing 25 shown in Fig. 4 (b), and its annexation is known for those skilled in the art.
Shown in Fig. 4 (a), female star 11 mainly comprises:
To earth observing and controlling and communication antenna 31, be used for and the ground observing and controlling communication between devices;
Female star solar energy sailboard 32 is used for providing the energy to female star 11;
One digital signal processing unit is made up of two modules of digital correlator and image inverting unit, is used to finish the digital correlation computing to each component received signal, obtains interference image;
One system control and Data Management Unit are used for the system management work such as collection, packing data of generation, the running parameter of system works sequential;
One wireless digital transmitter is used for sending synchronizing clock signals to each component;
One wireless digital receiver: be used for from each component reception observation data;
Above-mentioned digital signal processing unit, system's control and Data Management Unit, wireless digital transmitter, wireless digital receiver all are arranged in the main body 33 shown in Fig. 4 (a), one end of 8 traction tethers 13 is connected the outside surface of main body 33, and the other end is connected to housing 25 outside surfaces of component 12.
In the present embodiment, choosing with being connected of each several part element or circuit all adopts mode well known to those skilled in the art to realize except that particularly pointing out.
Introduce definite method of the distribute spacing of 8 components in the present embodiment below with reference to Fig. 3 (a) and (b): 1) length of definition baseline is exactly the distance between certain two component; 2) each appointing, got baseline of two formation, total C in 8 components
8 2Article=28, baseline; 3) shown in Fig. 3 (a), utilize algorithm to do to optimize (as simulated annealing), the component makes the length of these baselines from being short to long equidistantly even basically the distribution on the circumference that with female star is the center of circle; In Fig. 3 (a), dashed circle represents that with female star 11 be the planar circumferential in the center of circle, and triangle represents that each component 12 is distributed on the circumference, and the distribution of base length is with reference to shown in Fig. 3 (b).Adopt the distribution of the component of above-mentioned optimization method acquisition, after whole constellation systems is finished a circle rotation, interferometry will cover whole spatial frequency domain, satisfy the requirement of imaging computing.In the present embodiment, adopt 8 components, and to be distributed in same be on the circumference in the center of circle with female star in 8 components, the layout of 8 components that obtain so according to the method described above is shown in Fig. 3 (a).Present embodiment only is used for describing the present invention, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that component of the present invention number is not limited in 8, and the distribution of component should not be limited on the circumference yet.
When the rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system that provides when present embodiment is in running order, utilize antenna on the component and receiver to finish reception to observation area CME radio radiation, the observation data that will quantize by wireless mode is transferred on female star from the component again, and digital correlation and the bright temperature inverting finished on female star 8 component received signals form image.For guaranteeing correlativity between 8 component received signals, provide a common clock to be transferred to the component by female star 11 by wireless mode, realize the synchronous reception of whole imager system.
Embodiment 2
Shown in Fig. 5 (a), according to the distribution situation of 8 components of the present invention, the length that still makes these baselines is from being short to long equidistantly even basically the distribution shown in Fig. 5 (b).What be different from embodiment 1 is that 8 components are not distributed on the circumference, and it is the circumference in the center of circle that the circumference among Fig. 5 (a) is represented with female star, and triangle is represented the component.Other is with embodiment 1.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, designing the different numbers component that meets the demands is adequate with different distribution forms to those skilled in the art.
From application point, though being mainly used in space science, the present invention surveys and earth observation, also can be applicable to the ground imaging device.In addition, this scheme is equally applicable to the passive remote sensing imaging device of microwave frequency band higher or lower electromagnetic spectral band in addition.
It should be noted last that above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is made amendment or is equal to replacement, do not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system is characterized in that, comprising:
One female star, be subjected to earth observing and controlling and with earth communication and control whole system operation state;
N component, tether or rigidity boom and female star physical connection are drawn by one in each described component, and have the gravity gradient balanced capacity to guarantee its attitude stabilization;
Described female star and N described component is distributed on the same plane;
Described N is the integer more than or equal to 2.
According to the described rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, described female star and each described component all are equipped with solar energy sailboard to power separately.
According to the described rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system of claim 1, it is characterized in that 3, described component mainly comprises a circular polarisation element antenna and receiver; Described female star mainly comprises a digital signal processing unit, finishes the digital correlation computing to each component received signal, obtains interference image; Described female star comprises a synchronizing signal device, and being used for provides a public local oscillation signal or synchronizing signal to each component unification, to guarantee the coherence of each receiver received signal; Described female star is finished the communication link between whole satellite and the ground.
According to the described rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system of claim 1, it is characterized in that 4, the transmission of the data transmission between described female star and the described component and relevant local oscillator or synchronizing signal can realize by wireless or wired mode.
According to the described rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system of claim 1, it is characterized in that 5, each described component is adopted at the optimization method of the length of spatial frequency sampling baseline with respect to the position distribution of described female star and got; Described optimization method is: 1) length of definition baseline is exactly the distance between certain two component; 2) each appointing, got baseline of two formation, total C in N component
N 2The bar baseline; 3) make the length of these baselines from being short to long equidistantly evenly distribution.
According to the described rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system of claim 1, it is characterized in that 6, the position of described female star is positioned at the center of gravity of whole primary and secondary satellite system.
7, according to the described rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite system of claim 1, it is characterized in that, attitude stabilization is realized by the centrifugal force that a gravity gradient boom and the spin of described primary and secondary star system produce in each described component, makes the main lobe of its element antenna directional diagram point to target being observed all the time.
According to claim 5 or 6 described rotary scanning passive microwave imaging primary and secondary satellite systems, it is characterized in that 8, it is on the circumference in the center of circle that each described component is arranged in described female star.
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| CN101241154B (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Scanner device for interference type image-forming microwave radiometer |
| EP2306402A1 (en) | 2009-08-25 | 2011-04-06 | Soemar Emid | Exact image reconstruction method |
| CN101850851B (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2015-02-04 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Distribution structure of SPORT (Solar Polar Orbit Radio Telescope) clock scanning satellite |
| CN101850852B (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2015-03-18 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | SPORT (Solar Polar Orbit Radio Telescope) clock scanning satellite |
| CN102520409A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-06-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Earth observation system and method based on tethered satellite platform |
| CN105044714B (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | A kind of imaging method based on satellites formation |
| CN108008380B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2020-03-31 | 中国科学技术大学 | Microwave staring correlated imaging method and system based on satellite formation |
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| 微波遥感若干前沿技术及新一代空间遥感方法探讨 董晓龙，张云华，姜景山，中国工程科学，第2卷第8期 2000 * |
| 毫米波合成孔径成像辐射计 章勇，李兴国，王华力，系统工程与电子技术，第12期 1998 * |
| 被动微波遥感技术的新发展-综合孔径微波辐射计和全极化参量微波辐射计 董晓龙，吴季，姜景山，现代雷达，第23卷第4期 2001 * |
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