CN100342410C - Time synchronizing method and apparatus for wireless physiological information sensor network - Google Patents
Time synchronizing method and apparatus for wireless physiological information sensor network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a time synchronization method for a wireless physiological information sensor network, which comprises the steps: waking each measuring node, transmitting data including time information, calculating a time difference, measuring and transmitting. A central node of the device comprises a controlling and signal processing unit, a remote wireless communication unit and a short distance wireless communication unit, wherein the remote wireless communication unit and the short distance wireless communication unit are respectively connected with interfaces of the controlling and signal processing unit. Each of the measuring nodes comprises a control unit, a short distance wireless communication unit and a physiological signal measuring unit, wherein the short distance wireless communication unit and the physiological signal measuring unit are respectively connected with interfaces of the control unit. The central node and the short distance wireless communication units of the measuring nodes can receive electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the other party. Data is received and transmitted between the central node and the measuring nodes through the short distance wireless communication units. The method realizes and maintains the time synchronization of each node, and allows large deviation exists between the measuring nodes, and between the measuring nodes and the central node. The device is suitable for data transmission when the distance between the central node and the measuring nodes is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method for synchronizing time and equipment thereof that a kind of wireless sensor network adopts, especially gather, handle the method for synchronizing time and the device thereof of the radio physiological information sensor network of physiological signal.
Background technology
Method for synchronizing time is that wireless sensor network must possess, and at wireless communication field, in communication networks such as GPS, CDMA, also must adopt method for synchronizing time; Along with MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (micro-electro-mechanism system, MEMS) technology, the low-consumption wireless communication technology, the fast development of Design of Digital Circuit and IC manufacturing technology, facilitated a kind of sensor that is integrated with, the appearance and the application of the wireless senser node of data processing unit and communication unit, this sensor node has low cost, low-power consumption, the characteristics of miniaturization, and each node all has the short-distance wireless communication ability, by means of this ability, can pass through certain form of organization (as ad hoc or hub-and-spoke configuration) between the node and constitute a distributed wireless sensor network, the measuring task of a complexity is finished in cooperation mutually, and these detected information are sent to Surveillance center by the remote radio communication network.
If the sensor node that these functions are different is deployed in certain zone, just can measure the interested various information of let us in the surrounding environment, as temperature, humidity, noise, light intensity, pressure, speed etc.Wireless sensor network can be widely used in fields such as environmental monitoring, health care, public safety, military affairs.
The same with other distributed system, time synchronized also is a very important part of wireless sensor network, and it mainly acts on is to provide a unified markers for each node in the sensor network.In wireless sensor network, all there is error in the local clock of each node, and the clock drift between each node and inequality, but in a lot of the application, usually require all nodes in the network all to have a common time tag, for example, in data fusion system, each node needs cooperation mutually finish a measuring task, if the time between each node is different, then the final data that is formed by the convergence of different node might lose meaning.Therefore, in distributed wireless sensor network was used, the time synchronized of keeping each node was most important.
In addition, time synchronized can increase the serviceable life of sensor node by reducing power consumption, makes the power management of node more effective.The volume of sensor node is all very little usually; the battery capacity that can install is limited; and in each unit of inter-node; the power consumption maximum of general communication unit is in order to work as far as possible for a long time, after executing one-shot measurement; when node enters sleep pattern through regular meeting communication close unit; make its working time short as far as possible, but how to wake each node up, just need method for synchronizing time to coordinate.The method for synchronizing time of distributed system is a lot, but the basic design philosophy of the overwhelming majority all is the same: certain server periodically sends a message that comprises temporal information to a client, thereby the local clock of all clients and the clock of server end are kept synchronously.But these method for synchronizing time are owing to reasons such as power consumption, precision and be not suitable for distributed wireless sensor network, at these problems, the method for synchronizing time of wireless sensor network has appearred being specifically designed in recent years, the method that has proposed at present is primarily aimed at large-scale ad hoc network structure, and radio physiological information sensor network is a Star Network that nodal point number is less, distance between the node in 2m, therefore needs special-purpose method for synchronizing time usually.The invention of present patent application, designer find no identical at home and abroad or similarly are used for the method for synchronizing time of radio physiological information sensor network and the equipment of making according to this method by retrieval.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency of the equipment that the present invention is directed to the method for synchronizing time that do not have to be used for radio physiological information sensor network in the prior art and make according to this method provides a kind of method for synchronizing time and device thereof that is suitable for the less star-like radio physiological information sensor network of nodal point number.Technical scheme of the present invention: the method for synchronizing time of radio physiological information sensor network, its step is as follows:
One, wake up and respectively measure node: the center node sends pumping signal and wakes up respectively and respectively measure node;
Two, send the data that comprise temporal information: centre junction is named a person for a particular job its time as the reference time, measures node and sends the command packet that comprises this reference time to each;
Three, computing time difference: after each is measured node and receives above-mentioned packet, calculate local zone time and the difference of reference time;
Four, measure: each measures the requirement of node according to order data, measures relevant parameters;
Five, send: each is measured node and sends the packet that comprises this time difference and measurement data to the center node.
A kind of device of realizing the method for synchronizing time of above-mentioned radio physiological information sensor network, comprise the center node, measure node and supplying cell more than two, it is characterized in that: described center node comprises control and signal processing unit, remote-wireless communication unit, short-distance wireless communication unit, and remote-wireless communication unit, short-distance wireless communication unit are connected with the interface of control and signal processing unit respectively; Described measurement node comprises control module, short-distance wireless communication unit, physiological signal measurements unit, and short-distance wireless communication unit, physiological signal measurements unit are connected with the interface of control module respectively; Center node and the short-distance wireless communication unit of measuring node can both electromagnetic signals, can receive the electromagnetic wave signal of the other side emission each other, the center node with measure between the node by transceive data between the short-distance wireless communication unit in short-distance wireless communication unit in the node of center and the measurement node;
Described center node also comprises the center clock apparatus that is connected with the input interface of control and signal processing unit; Described short-distance wireless communication unit is low frequency magnetic field transmitter module and Receiver Module, the low frequency magnetic field transmitter module is connected with the output interface of control and signal processing unit, and Receiver Module is connected with the input interface of control and signal processing unit; Described measurement node also comprises the measurement point clock apparatus that links to each other with the input interface of control module, described short-distance wireless communication unit is low frequency magnetic field receiver module and radiofrequency emitting module, the low frequency magnetic field receiver module is connected with the input interface of control module, radiofrequency emitting module is connected with the output interface of control module, and described physiological signal measurements unit comprises the survey sensor that is connected with the input interface of control module;
Described survey sensor is connected with the input interface of control module through signal amplifier.
The time synchronized of each node be realized and be kept to method for synchronizing time of the present invention can in distributed wireless sensor network is used; Permission is measured between node and time of respectively measuring between node and the center node allows the very big deviation of existence at each; The data transmission of (in the 1-3 rice scope) when this device is particularly suitable for the center node and measures close together between the node.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is the inventive method precedence diagram
Fig. 2 is a center of the present invention node basic structure synoptic diagram
Fig. 3 is that the present invention measures the basic structural representation of node
Fig. 4 is a center of the present invention node communication unit circuit block diagram
Fig. 5 is that the present invention measures node communication unit circuit block diagram
Fig. 6 is a centre junction dot circuit connection diagram of the present invention
Fig. 7 is that the present invention measures node circuit connection diagram
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the method for synchronizing time that is used for radio physiological information sensor network of the present invention, the applicant's called after " same footwork of reference time as required ", adopt to send---receive the method for synchronization, the local zone time of each node may operate at nonsynchronous state.Radio physiological information sensor network of the present invention comprises center node and a plurality of measurement node (more than two), it is the network of a stelliform connection topology configuration, in the network all nodes all with the center node as an intermediate point, do not transmit data or order each other, only carry out two-way communication with the center node.Each is measured node and adopts ISM band that physiological signals such as the body temperature that detects, electrocardio, blood pressure are sent to the center node with wireless mode, after the fusion and processing through the center node, send signal to remote medical center by the remote radio communication network again, the order that while center node also sends medical centre is distributed to respectively measures node.
Method step of the present invention is: 1, wake up and respectively measure node: the center node sends pumping signal and wakes up respectively and respectively measure node; This pumping signal can be sent to each measurement node by the center node is disposable, also can measure node to each respectively by the center node and send; 2, send the packet that comprises temporal information: centre junction is named a person for a particular job its time as the reference time, measures node and sends the command packet that comprises this reference time to each; 3, computing time difference: after each is measured node and receives above-mentioned packet, calculate local zone time and the difference of reference time; 4, measure: each measures the requirement of node according to order data, measures relevant parameters; 5, send: each is measured node and sends the packet that comprises this time difference and measurement data to the center node.The center node just can use each time difference that the time tag of each group measurement data is revised, so just guaranteed respectively to measure the data that node sends to the center node and all had the unified time sign, the center node merges according to the time tag of each packet and generates last data.
In the time synchronized algorithm, error is mainly derived from the uncertainty of delay for message delivery time between node.The delay for message delivery time is made up of 4 parts:
(1) transmitting time: transmit leg is prepared the time of packet.
(2) access time: transmit leg is waited for the available time that transmission channel spent.
(3) transmission time: data are by wireless channel required time when transmit leg is transferred to the take over party.
(4) time of reception: the take over party handles the needed time of packet that receives.
In radio physiological information sensor network, because the distance between each node is usually in 2m, the time error that the electromagnetic transmission time is introduced can be ignored, and the reference time method for synchronous has avoided a plurality of measurement nodes to visit the situation of center node simultaneously as required, has so just eliminated the error of being brought by the access time.Therefore the error of reference time method for synchronous mainly is made of transmission and time of reception as required, and these two is by the decision of the processing speed of chip, and can quantize, this has just reduced the uncertainty of error to greatest extent, and can select suitable clock chip to satisfy different timing tracking accuracy requirements as required.
Lifting an object lesson is described as follows: as time T as shown in the time device of center node is 6:00, the first shown time t1 of time device that measures node is 5:30, the second shown time t2 of time device that measures node is 5:00, the 3rd shown time t3 of time device that measures node is 4:40, the 4th shown time t4 of time device that measures node is 4:30,------; The center node wake up respectively measure node after, send in command packet measuring node to each, just this time T was sent simultaneously as the reference time; After each is measured node and receives the packet that comprises time T, calculate the difference of local zone time and reference time respectively; That is, first measure difference that node calculates its local zone time and reference time be △ t1=T-t1 (=0:30), △ t2=T-t2 (=1:00), △ t3=T-t3 (=1:20), △ t4=T-t4 (=1:30),-----; After measurement finished, each was measured node and sends the packet that comprises this time difference and measurement data to the center node; After the center node received the data of respectively measuring the node transmission, the center node just can use each time difference of measuring node that the time tag of measurement data is revised; If measuring node, each began in 3 minutes afterwards to measure in the time T (6:00 point) of center node, the time span of measuring is 2 minutes, then the center node after treatment, all time periods of measuring node all are between the 6:03 to 6:05, guaranteed the time synchronized of all measurement nodes, the time period of all measurement data all is between the 6:03 to 6:05.In this method, the accuracy requirement of local zone time of each being measured node is not high, and each local zone time of measuring between the node allows to exist very big deviation, and each measures the same very big deviation of existence that allows of time between node and the center node.
As shown in Figure 2,1-center node, 2-control and signal processing unit, 3-remote-wireless communication unit, 4-short-distance wireless communication unit; Center node 1 mainly comprises control and signal processing unit 2, remote-wireless communication unit 3, short-distance wireless communication unit 4 and to the battery of whole device power supply etc.; Remote-wireless communication unit 3, short-distance wireless communication unit 4 are connected with the interface of control and signal processing unit 2 respectively.Control and signal processing unit 2 are responsible for the management of whole device operation, are " brains " of apparatus of the present invention, and actual is programmable chip or microprocessor (MCU), and the requirement that its internal memory and/or function can satisfy data processing gets final product; Remote-wireless communication unit 3, short-distance wireless communication unit 4 makes center node 1 have transmission in very wide scope, accept the ability of data, center node 1 is after remote-wireless communication unit 3 and/or short-distance wireless communication unit 4 send control signal corresponding, remote-wireless communication unit 3 and/or short-distance wireless communication unit 4 are just measured node and/or remote medical center emission and/or are accepted data to each, form and handle, transmit the network of radio physiological information, the main effect of remote-wireless communication unit 3 be exactly finish and medical centre between data communication.Center node 1 can be a PDA or special embedded system, has the remote radio communication ability, and power consumption is bigger, needs to be equipped with high capacity cell.
As shown in Figure 3,5-measures node, 6-control module, 7-short-distance wireless communication unit, 8-physiological signal measurements unit; Measure node 5 and mainly comprise control module 6 (MCU), short-distance wireless communication unit 7, physiological signal measurements unit 8 and supplying cell etc.; Short-distance wireless communication unit 7, physiological signal measurements unit 8 are connected with the interface of control module 6 respectively.Control module 6 is actual to be programmable chip or microprocessor, and its internal memory and/or function can satisfy the requirement of data processing, and its effect is identical with the control and the signal processing unit 2 of center node 1; Can receive the electromagnetic wave signal of the other side's emission between the short-distance wireless communication unit 7 of the short-distance wireless communication unit 4 of center node 1 and measurement node 5 mutually, short-distance wireless communication unit 7 use that matches with the short-distance wireless communication unit 4 of center node 1 can form the cordless communication network of intercommunication formula each other; Pass through transceive data between short-distance wireless communication unit 4 and the short-distance wireless communication unit 7 between center node 1 and the measurement node 5.Physiological signal measurements unit 8 is under the control signal effect that control module 6 sends, and measures the various physiological parameters of measurand, as physiological parameters such as body temperature, electrocardio, blood pressures.Measure the various physiological parameters of node 5 energy measurement measurands, and this parameter is sent to center node 1.Device of the present invention generally includes a center node 1 and plural measurement node 5.
Center of the present invention node communication unit circuit block diagram as shown in Figure 4 and the present invention shown in Figure 5 measure in the node communication unit circuit block diagram, increased a unidirectional near field magnetic communication (Near-Field MagneticCommunication between center node and the measurement node, NFMC) passage, the center node utilizes the NFMC passage to wake up and measures node to finish the transmission of order and reference time data, measure node and send measurement result to the center node to finish data acquisition by the RF passage.Because each measures the restriction that node is subjected to size, can only be equipped with all less battery of volume and capacity, and the RF unit of each inter-node is the power consumption the best part usually, therefore must reduce the working time of RF unit when design agreement and algorithm as far as possible, to prolong the working time of node.The basis of near field magnetic communication is an electromagnetic induction phenomenon, and it is by realizing radio communication in the quasistatic magnetic field that transmits and receives low-power of coupling, non-propagation between the coil.Magnetic field energy has very strong decay, is particularly suitable for the WPAN communication in the 1-3 rice scope.Compare with other short distance RF technology, NFMC has bigger advantage at aspects such as power consumption, cost, volume size and securities.The progress of near field magnetic communication (NFMC) is very fast, finds application as a kind of mature technology now.As the TC4422 chip and the LC resonant circuit that adopt MICROCHIP company to produce have just constituted a low frequency magnetic field transmitter module, and the main devices of low frequency magnetic field receiver module is exactly the LC resonant circuit, the data transmission of (in the 1-3 rice scope) when being particularly suitable for the center node and measuring close together between the node.
In Fig. 4,5,9-center clock apparatus, 10-low frequency magnetic field transmitter module, 11-Receiver Module; 12-measurement point clock apparatus, 13-low frequency magnetic field receiver module, 14-radiofrequency emitting module, 15-signal amplifier, 16-survey sensor;
The port of the control of center node 1 and signal processing unit 2 connects center clock apparatus 9, low frequency magnetic field transmitter module 10, Receiver Module 11 respectively; Center clock apparatus 9 is connected with the input interface of control and signal processing unit 2, will import the reference time in control and the signal processing unit 2; Low frequency magnetic field transmitter module 10 is connected with the output interface of control and signal processing unit 2, by the signal controlling of controlling and signal processing unit 2 sends; Receiver Module 11 is connected with the input interface of control and signal processing unit 2, is two-way exchange between the two, and both the data that input receives in control and signal processing unit 2 were also accepted the signal controlling that control and signal processing unit 2 send.What the short-distance wireless communication unit 4 of aforesaid center node 1 was chosen in the present embodiment is exactly low frequency magnetic field transmitter module 10 and Receiver Module 11.Center clock apparatus 9, Receiver Module 11 can be chosen maturing appts of the prior art, are not described in detail in this.
The port of measuring the control module 6 of node 5 connects measurement point clock apparatus 12, low frequency magnetic field receiver module 13, radiofrequency emitting module 14 and survey sensor 16 respectively; Because physiological signal is all very faint usually, thus usually need be after survey sensor 16 signalization amplifier 15, through amplify, A/D change after just in the Input Control Element 6.Measurement point clock apparatus 12 is connected with the input interface of control module 6, and each time of measuring node is imported in it; Low frequency magnetic field receiver module 13 is connected with the input interface of control module 6, with inputs such as the data that receive, orders in it; Radiofrequency emitting module 14 is connected with the output interface of control module 6, the signal controlling of being sent by control module 6; Survey sensor 16 is connected through the input interface of signal amplifier 15 with control module 6, and the data that measure are imported in it.What the short-distance wireless communication unit 7 of aforesaid measurement node 5 was chosen in the present embodiment is exactly low frequency magnetic field receiver module 13 (receiving the effect of data) and radiofrequency emitting module 14 (effects of emission data), and what physiological signal measurements unit 8 was chosen in the present embodiment is exactly survey sensor 16 and signal amplifier 15; Measurement point clock apparatus 12, radiofrequency emitting module 14, survey sensor 16 and signal amplifier 15 can be chosen maturing appts of the prior art fully, are not described in detail in this.
The low frequency magnetic field transmitter module 10 of center node 1 sends low frequency signal under control and the signal controlling sent of signal processing unit 2, the low frequency magnetic field receiver module 13 of the measured node 5 of this low frequency signal is accepted; Each is measured node 5 and carry out operations such as time difference calculates, measurement physiological signal under the signal controlling of control module 6, and the packet that will comprise this time difference and measurement data sends to center node 1 through radiofrequency emitting module 14, received by Receiver Module 11 and handles through center node 1; Be in the sleep state of low-power consumption afterwards, finish a measuring period.
As Fig. 6 is center node 1 circuit connection diagram, and Fig. 7 is for measuring node 5 circuit connection diagrams.Therefrom can find out, in Fig. 6, be provided with control and signal processing unit 2, center clock apparatus 9, low frequency magnetic field transmitter module 10, Receiver Module 11; Center clock apparatus 9 is connected with the input interface of control and signal processing unit 2, will import the reference time in control and the signal processing unit 2; Low frequency magnetic field transmitter module 10 is connected with the output interface of control and signal processing unit 2, by the signal controlling of controlling and signal processing unit 2 sends; Low frequency magnetic field transmitter module 10 is made of TC4422 and LC resonant circuit; Receiver Module 11 is connected with the port of control and signal processing unit 2.
The port that is provided with control module 6 in Fig. 7 connects measurement point clock apparatus 12, low frequency magnetic field receiver module 13, radiofrequency emitting module 14 and survey sensor 16 respectively; Measurement point clock apparatus 12 is connected with the input interface of control module 6, low frequency magnetic field receiver module 13 is connected with the input interface of control module 6, radiofrequency emitting module 14 is connected with the output interface of control module 6, and survey sensor 16 is connected through the input interface of signal amplifier 15 with control module 6.
Preferred construction shown in this specific embodiment is not in order to limiting scope of the present invention, and every simple, equivalence of doing according to the application's claims and description changes and modify etc., all will fall into the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, the method for synchronizing time of radio physiological information sensor network, its step is as follows:
One, wake up and respectively measure node: the center node sends pumping signal and wakes up respectively and respectively measure node;
Two, send the packet that comprises temporal information: centre junction is named a person for a particular job its time as the reference time, measures node and sends the command packet that comprises this reference time to each;
Three, computing time difference: after each is measured node and receives above-mentioned packet, calculate local zone time and the difference of reference time;
Four, measure: each measures the requirement of node according to order data, measures relevant parameters;
Five, send packet: each is measured node and sends the packet that comprises this time difference and measurement data to the center node.
2, a kind of device of realizing the method for synchronizing time of the described radio physiological information sensor network of claim 1, comprise center node (1), measure node (5) and supplying cell more than two, it is characterized in that: described center node (1) comprises control and signal processing unit (2), short-distance wireless communication unit (4), and short-distance wireless communication unit (4) are connected with the interface of control and signal processing unit (2); Described measurement node (5) comprises control module (6), short-distance wireless communication unit (7), physiological signal measurements unit (8), and short-distance wireless communication unit (7), physiological signal measurements unit (8) are connected with the interface of control module (6) respectively; The short-distance wireless communication unit (4) of center node (1) and measure the electromagnetic wave signal that can receive the other side's emission between the short-distance wireless communication unit (7) of node (5) mutually, center node (1) with measure between the node (5) by transceive data between the short-distance wireless communication unit (7) in short-distance wireless communication unit (4) in the center node (1) and the measurement node (5).
3, the device of the method for synchronizing time of realization radio physiological information sensor network according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described center node (1) also comprises the center clock apparatus (9) that is connected with the input interface of control and signal processing unit (2), the remote-wireless communication unit (3) that is connected with the input interface of control and signal processing unit (2); Described short-distance wireless communication unit (4) is low frequency magnetic field transmitter module (10) and Receiver Module (11), low frequency magnetic field transmitter module (10) is connected with the output interface of control and signal processing unit (2), and Receiver Module (11) is connected with the input interface of control and signal processing unit (2); Described measurement node (5) also comprises the measurement point clock apparatus (12) that links to each other with the input interface of control module (6), described short-distance wireless communication unit (7) is low frequency magnetic field receiver module (13) and radiofrequency emitting module (14), low frequency magnetic field receiver module (13) is connected with the input interface of control module (6), radiofrequency emitting module (14) is connected with the output interface of control module (6), and described physiological signal measurements unit (8) comprises the survey sensor (16) that is connected with the input interface of control module (6).
4, the device of the method for synchronizing time of realization radio physiological information sensor network according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described survey sensor (16) is connected through the input interface of signal amplifier (15) with control module (6).
5, according to the device of the method for synchronizing time of the arbitrary described realization radio physiological information sensor network of claim 3 to 4, it is characterized in that: described low frequency magnetic field transmitter module (10) is made of chip TC4422 and LC resonant circuit.
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| CN101047491B (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2010-05-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | Communication process system and its method, and time measuring device between network element |
| CN100481795C (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2009-04-22 | 中国科学院软件研究所 | Wireless sensor network time synchronization method and device based on error statistics |
| CN100571448C (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2009-12-16 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Wireless sensing network node locating method |
| CN100594525C (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2010-03-17 | 华中科技大学 | Data processing system and processing method in industry wireless sensing network |
| CN101286932B (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院嘉兴无线传感网工程中心 | Communication method with multiple frequency point in wireless sensor network |
| KR101208894B1 (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2012-12-06 | 주식회사 엠아이텍 | Apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving for the body implantable medical devices |
| CN101909345B (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2013-03-27 | 清华大学 | Multi-hop dynamic ad hoc network method of wide field sensor network |
| CN102750614A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-10-24 | 南京康尼机电股份有限公司 | Method for calibrating data acquisition time for work flow management control system |
| CN103490873B (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2016-08-24 | 硕呈科技股份有限公司 | Method for time synchronization |
| CN103138791B (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2015-04-15 | 广州乾华生物科技有限公司 | Method and system for achieving accurate timing by combining relay module and upper computer and relay module |
| JP7086541B2 (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2022-06-20 | オムロンヘルスケア株式会社 | Data receiver, data transmitter and data transmission system |
| CN114093489B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-30 | 北京华益精点生物技术有限公司 | Method for confirming blood glucose detection time of non-intelligent blood glucose meter and related equipment |
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