CN100342380C - GPS sample strip ground collection method for growing portion of crop based on ridge-direction parallelism - Google Patents
GPS sample strip ground collection method for growing portion of crop based on ridge-direction parallelism Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a ground collecting method of GPS sample strips of crop planting parts based on parallel furrow direction, which belongs to the information technical field. On the basis of the characteristic of parallel distribution of the furrow direction of farmland crops, using the characteristic that the farmland crops present the parallel distribution of the ridge direction, by combining the GPS sample line data of the crop planting parts and the side-shaped space data of farmland plot, adding in the ridge direction information of the farmland crops, widening the ground collecting data of the GPS sample line of the crop planting parts in a line form to the GPS sample strip data of the crop planting parts in one side form, the quantity of the ground collecting data of the crop planting parts is consequently increased by a big margin, and the defect that using the ground collecting method of the GPS sample line of the crop planting parts to conclude the crop planting parts in sampling areas has low-rise sampling accuracy is overcome.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to areas of information technology, relate to a kind of crop-planting and become the number ground collection method, particularly a kind of crop-planting based on ridge-direction parallelism becomes number GPS belt transect ground collection method.
Background technology
Ground collection method combines with the space remote sensing technology and has the great potential of in time and exactly obtaining area crops pattern of farming information.Occurred the ground collection method that multiple sample district arable land crop-planting becomes number over nearly 30 years, comprised that sampling point observation procedure, GPS positioning video are gathered (GVG) method and GPS line-transect ground collection method etc. based on the piece of the sample on the spot drafting method of airphoto, square sample piece on the spot.Preceding two kinds of method image data precision are higher.But artificial ground observation and metering system make its work efficiency quite low; The two kinds of methods in back obtain significant improvement because of the agility by the vehicles makes the ground collecting efficiency, but its data precision that obtains is not high.
That the Chinese patent communique discloses is a kind of " field ground feature information acquisition, processing and the analytical approach of space-time location " (publication number CN1302033A, open day July 4 calendar year 2001), its technical scheme mainly is under the support of power inverter, utilize certain notebook that disposes and digital camera, GPS receiver, manual input unit, by the software systems of developing by Geographic Information System Titan3.1 control and Visual Basic6.0 programming language, carry out the field ground feature information acquisition of space-time location, handle and analyze.GPS line-transect ground collection method wherein, what collect only is that the crop-planting at line-transect place, both sides, traffic route becomes logarithmic data, the amounts of specimen information that it obtained is very limited, will directly have influence on the sampling precision that crop-planting becomes number.
Summary of the invention
Become number GPS line-transect ground collection method to obtain the limited deficiency of amounts of specimen information in order to overcome existing crop-planting, the invention provides a kind of crop-planting and become number GPS belt transect ground collection method based on ridge-direction parallelism, this method is based on arable land crop ridge-direction parallelism distribution characteristics, by introducing plot, arable land spatial data, become number GPS line-transect data in conjunction with crop-planting, can increase substantially ground and obtain the information content that crop-planting becomes number, improve crop-planting and become number GPS line-transect ground collection method to obtain the low deficiency of data precision.
The technical scheme that the present invention proposes is divided into following six basic steps, promptly gather GPS line-transect wire spatial data, obtain the planar spatial data in plot, arable land, the extraction ridge is to the planar spatial data in plot, the planar spatial data in generation crop plot, the planar spatial data of polymerization GPS belt transect and calculates that the sample area crop-planting becomes number, particular content is as follows:
1) gathers GPS line-transect wire spatial data: become the number sample area at crop-planting, utilize " the field ground feature information acquisition of space-time location, processing and the analytical approach " quoted in this instructions background technology, write down the sampling route that open-air vehicle travels, simultaneously by button input channel roadside side agrotype coding, generation has the GPS line-transect vector data of crop-planting type information, and dissimilar GPS line-transect line segment correspondences dissimilar crops;
2) obtain the planar spatial data in plot, arable land: generate by high spatial resolution remote sense image or renewal sample area clay detailed Investigation spatial data (engineer's scale 〉=1: 1 ten thousand) by Geographic Information System (GIS) Software tool, generate the planar spatial data in plot, sample area arable land.The ground block boundary of ploughing is determined by linear ground objects such as road, shelter-forest, rivers and with the adjacent public boundary of other types area feature (as forest land, meadow etc.);
3) extract the ridge to the planar spatial data in plot: by the GIS Software tool, the planar spatial data in plot, arable land is covered on the high spatial resolution remote sense image, discern in each plot, arable land the crop ridge to information, cut apart the planar spatial data in plot, arable land then in view of the above, generate have identical ridge to the ridge to the planar spatial data in plot;
4) generate the planar spatial data in crop plot: by the GIS Software tool, become number GPS line-transect spatial data to be stacked and placed on to the plot spatial data crop-planting with the ridge, with variation place of GPS line-transect vector data crop-planting type is starting point, do the crop ridge to parallel lines, the ridge is divided into the planar spatial data in crop plot with identical agrotype once more to the planar spatial data in plot, and the agrotype of GPS line-transect coding is imparted in the planar spatial data attribute list in crop plot;
5) the planar spatial data of polymerization GPS belt transect: by the GIS Software tool, become number GPS line-transect spatial data to place crop-planting with crop field block space stacked data, plant into several GPS line-transects based on every row culture species, select its corresponding crop field blocks of data respectively and become number GPS line-transect coding to compose in these crop field block space data attribute lists crop-planting, form crop-planting and become number GPS belt transect spatial data;
6) calculate that the sample area crop-planting becomes number: by two-dimensional data table statistical software instrument, to the area field in the planar spatial data attribute list in GPS belt transect crop plot, carry out statistic of classification according to the agrotype coding, and calculate every kind of agrotype cultivated area ratio in the GPS belt transect, and then infer that according to the statistic computing formula of chester sampling mode the sample area crop-planting becomes number.
The present invention utilizes the arable land crop to present the ridge-direction parallelism distribution characteristics, become number GPS line-transect data to combine by crop-planting with the planar spatial data in plot, arable land, and add crop ridge, arable land to information, the crop-planting that is the wire form can be become number GPS line-transect ground image data to expand the crop-planting that is into planar form and become number GPS belt transect data, thereby increased substantially the quantity that crop-planting becomes number ground image data, overcome and utilized crop-planting to become number GPS line-transect ground collection method to infer that the sample area crop-planting becomes the not high defective of number sampling precision.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is dissimilar crop space distribution synoptic diagram in the farmland.1 is the monocrop space distribution among the figure, 2 traffic routes.
Fig. 2 is plot, an arable land synoptic diagram in the farmland.3 is the plot, arable land among the figure.
Fig. 3 be in the farmland ridge to the plot synoptic diagram.4 is that the ridge is to the plot among the figure.
Fig. 4 becomes number GPS line-transect wire vector data synoptic diagram for crop-planting.5 is the GPS line-transect among the figure, and 10 measure plot, arable land Direction Line for crop-planting becomes number GPS line-transect.
The crop space distribution synoptic diagram that Fig. 5 becomes number GPS belt transect ground collection method to obtain for the crop-planting based on ridge-direction parallelism.7 become number GPS belt transect for crop-planting among the figure.
Fig. 6 becomes number GPS belt transect facet vector data synoptic diagram for crop-planting.6 is the crop plot among the figure.
Fig. 7 is Dehui City, Jilin Province pilot region aviation chromatic image.
Fig. 8 is the crops spatial distribution map that is extracted by pilot region aviation chromatic image (Fig. 7).With the plot, Regional Representative dissimilar crops arable land of different colours, 1 is the monocrop space distribution among the figure, and 8 is planar legend symbol.
Fig. 9 is pilot region arable land plot figure.3 is the plot, arable land among the figure.
Figure 10 is that the pilot region ridge is to plot figure.Among the figure 4 be the ridge to the plot, 9 is that the crop ridge is to line.
Figure 11 becomes number GPS line-transect data plot for the pilot region crop-planting.With the dissimilar crops of different colours GPS line-transect representative, 5 be the GPS line-transect among the figure, and 11 is the wire legend symbol, and 10 become number GPS line-transect measurement plot, arable land Direction Line for crop-planting.
Figure 12 becomes number GPS belt transect data plot for the pilot region crop-planting.6 is the crop plot among the figure.
The crop spatial distribution map that Figure 13 becomes number GPS belt transect ground collection method to obtain for pilot region based on the crop-planting of crop ridge-direction parallelism feature.With the dissimilar crops crop plot of regions of different colours representative, 7 for crop-planting becomes number GPS belt transect among the figure, and 8 is planar legend symbol.
Embodiment
It is to obtain the accurate information of sample area crops space distribution (as shown in Figure 1) as much as possible by the ground acquisition means that the crop-planting that the present invention is based on crop ridge-direction parallelism feature becomes the target of number GPS belt transect ground collection method, becomes number with accurate deduction perform region crop-planting.
Used plot, arable land 3 spatial datas (as shown in Figure 2) can be surveyed and drawn means or utilize the space remote sensing technology to obtain and upgrade by ground in the invention process process, and use GIS software to handle and manage; Plot, arable land 3 spatial datas are stacked in on the regional high spatial resolution remote sense image, use GIS software editing instrument, with plot, arable land 3 spatial datas be divided into have identical ridge to the ridge to plot 4 spatial datas (as shown in Figure 3); " the field ground feature information acquisition of space-time location, processing and analytical approach " that the sample area crop-planting becomes number GPS line-transect data (as shown in Figure 4) can use in this instructions background technology and quoted obtains in sample area; Under the GIS software environment, becoming number GPS line-transect 5 data to carry out on the basis of space stack the sample area ridge with crop-planting to plot 4 spatial datas, make the ridge-direction parallelism line of each adjacent ridge respectively from GPS line-transect Different Crop type change point to plot 4, the ridge is partitioned into crop plot 6 spatial datas that are distributed with the same type crop to plot 4 spatial datas, and GPS line-transect 5 each line segment agrotype coding are composed in the 6 spatial data attribute lists record of adjacent crop plot (as shown in Figure 5); Under the GIS software environment, become crop plot 6 spatial datas of number GPS line-transect 5 sides to carry out polymerization crop-planting, generate crop-planting and become number GPS belt transect data (as shown in Figure 6); Utilize electronics two-dimensional data table statistical software instrument to count Different Crop type cultivated area and proportion thereof in its attribute list, and, infer that by the crop-planting ratio that each GPS belt transect counts the crop-planting of whole sample area becomes number and change variance thereof according to the statistic computing formula of chester sampling mode.
More than become number GPS belt transect ground collection method to describe based on the crop-planting of ridge-direction parallelism by following examples:
The crop-planting based on ridge-direction parallelism that carries out in a certain area, Dehui City, Jilin Province becomes number GPS belt transect ground acquisition test, and its step is as follows:
1) obtains (as shown in Figure 7 as Dehui City, Jilin Province regional high spatial resolution airborne remote sensing true color image data of pilot region,) become number GPS line-transect 5 data (as shown in figure 11) in conjunction with the crop-planting of gathering by " the field ground feature information acquisition of space-time location, the processing and analytical approach " of being quoted in this instructions background technology on the spot, utilize the View instrument in ArcView 3.3 softwares, by man-machine interaction visual interpretation method, extract and generate pilot region crop-planting type space distribution plan (as shown in Figure 8).Use the Table instrument in ArcView 3.3 softwares, count the 10 kinds of proportion of crop plantings in whole test zone that obtained by remote sensing survey method and become logarithmic data, the proportion of crop planting that sees Table in 1 becomes number to measure the remote sensing investigation data rows.
2) under ArcView 3.3 software environments, with the airborne remote sensing true color image is background, according to the wire road information that from image, identifies, to extract and generation plot, pilot region arable land spatial data (as shown in Figure 9), each plot 3 of ploughing is had the traffic route 2 of certain width to cut apart.
3) under ArcView 3.3 software environments, be background with the airborne remote sensing true color image once more, identify in the plot, arable land 3 crop distribution ridge to information and generate the data of crop ridge to line 9, plot 3 spatial datas of then pilot region being ploughed be divided into have identical ridge to the ridge to plot 4 spatial datas (as shown in figure 10).
4) plantation of being gathered on the spot by " the field ground feature information acquisition of space-time location, the processing and analytical approach " of being quoted in this instructions background technology becomes the data (as shown in figure 11) of several GPS line-transects 5 to comprise the agrotype distributed intelligence of traffic route 2 one sides, and the measured agrotype of the data of GPS line-transect 5 distributes and becomes number GPS line-transect measurement plot, arable land Direction Line 10 to represent by crop-planting.
5) under ArcView 3.3 software environments, the pilot region ridge that will have unified space projection becomes number GPS line-transect 5 data stacked to plot 4 spatial datas with crop-planting, in conjunction with the crop ridge to line 9 and crop distribution Direction Line, do the parallel lines of crop ridge from the 5 agrotype variations of GPS line-transect to line 9, the ridge is divided into crop plot 6 spatial datas with identical agrotype distribution to plot 4 spatial datas, and each line segment agrotypes coding of GPS line-transect 5 composed in the 6 spatial data attribute lists record of adjacent crop plot, the pilot region agrotype spatial distribution map of formation is as shown in figure 12.
6) under ArcView 3.3 software environments, the pilot region ridge is become number GPS line-transect 5 stacked datas altogether to plot 4 spatial datas with crop-planting, plant into several GPS line-transects 5 based on every row culture species, select its corresponding crop plot 6 respectively and become number GPS line-transect coding to be imparted in these crop plot 6 spatial data attribute lists crop-planting, form crop-planting and become number GPS belt transect spatial data (as shown in figure 13).
7) because of becoming number GPS belt transect, all measured the pilot region crop-planting, the crop-planting of next step GPS belt transect chester sampling becomes number statistical inference link to be omitted, and the result that gather on its ground is the ratio of Different Crop type cultivated area in the 6 spatial data attribute lists of pilot region crop plot.It is under ArcView 3.3 software environments that crop-planting becomes the number statistical work, using the Table instrument that pilot region crop plot 6 spatial data attribute lists are operated finishes, it the results are shown in Table in 1 proportion of crop planting and becomes number to measure GPS belt transect data rows, is to adopt the crop-planting in " the field ground feature information acquisition of space-time location, processing and analytical approach " patent of being quoted in this instructions background technology to become the resulting result of number GPS line-transect ground collection method and GPS line-transect 5 data rows are represented.
What measure in the table 1 that absolute error and relative error data rows represent is that to become logarithmic data with the pilot region crop-planting that remote sensing investigation obtains be that two kinds of crop-plantings of GPS line-transect and GPS belt transect that true value was calculated become the number ground collection method to obtain the accuracy situation of data.From then on table as can be seen, become number GPS line-transect method to compare with crop-planting, crop-planting based on crop ridge-direction parallelism feature proposed by the invention becomes number GPS belt transect ground collection method, no matter from absolute error still from the relative error aspect, all will be higher than the former far away, precision improves 1 times nearly.
The crop-planting that the multiple measuring method of table 1 pilot region is obtained becomes number and precision comparison sheet thereof
| The proportion of crop planting type | Proportion of crop planting becomes number to measure (%) | Measure absolute error (%) | Measuring relative errors (%) | ||||
| Remote sensing investigation | The GPS belt transect | The GPS line-transect | The GPS belt transect | The GPS line-transect | The GPS belt transect | The GPS line-transect | |
| | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Chinese sorghum | 21 | 20 | 14 | -1 | -7 | 0.21 | 1.47 |
| Millet | 17 | 17 | 18 | 0 | 1 | 0.00 | 0.17 |
| The apple | 2 | 1 | 6 | -1 | 4 | 0.02 | 0.08 |
| The | 2 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0.00 | 0.02 |
| Paddy rice | 20 | 23 | 21 | 3 | 1 | 0.60 | 0.20 |
| Beet | 11 | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Potato | 7 | 6 | 9 | -1 | 2 | 0.07 | 0.14 |
| Wheat | 15 | 12 | 16 | -3 | 1 | 0.45 | 0.15 |
| Corn | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | -1 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| Amount to | 100 | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 1.40 | 2.28 |
Claims (2)
1. the crop-planting based on ridge-direction parallelism becomes number GPS belt transect ground collection method, it is characterized in that the following step:
1) gathers GPS line-transect wire spatial data: become the number sample area at crop-planting, utilize " the field ground feature information acquisition of space-time location, processing and analytical approach ", write down the sampling route that open-air vehicle travels, simultaneously by button input channel roadside side agrotype coding, generation has the GPS line-transect vector data of crop-planting type information, and dissimilar GPS line-transect line segment correspondences dissimilar crops;
2) obtain the planar spatial data in plot, arable land: by Geographic Information System GIS Software tool, generate or renewal sample area clay detailed Investigation spatial data, generate the planar spatial data in plot, sample area arable land by high spatial resolution remote sense image;
3) extract the ridge to the planar spatial data in plot: by the GIS Software tool, the planar spatial data in plot, arable land is covered on the high spatial resolution remote sense image, discern in each plot, arable land the crop ridge to information, cut apart the planar spatial data in plot, arable land then in view of the above, generate have identical ridge to the ridge to the planar spatial data in plot;
4) generate the planar spatial data in crop plot: by the GIS Software tool, become number GPS line-transect spatial data to be stacked and placed on to the plot spatial data crop-planting with the ridge, with variation place of GPS line-transect vector data crop-planting type is starting point, do the crop ridge to parallel lines, the ridge is divided into the planar spatial data in crop plot with identical agrotype once more to the planar spatial data in plot, and the agrotype of GPS line-transect coding is imparted in the planar spatial data attribute list in crop plot;
5) the planar spatial data of polymerization GPS belt transect: by the GIS Software tool, become number GPS line-transect spatial data to place crop-planting with crop field block space stacked data, plant into several GPS line-transects based on every row culture species, select its corresponding crop field blocks of data respectively and become number GPS line-transect coding to compose in these crop field block space data attribute lists crop-planting, form crop-planting and become number GPS belt transect spatial data;
6) calculate that the sample area crop-planting becomes number: by two-dimensional data table statistical software instrument, to the area field in the planar spatial data attribute list in GPS belt transect crop plot, carry out statistic of classification according to the agrotype coding, and calculate every kind of agrotype cultivated area ratio in the GPS belt transect, and then infer that according to the statistic computing formula of chester sampling mode the sample area crop-planting becomes number.
2. the crop-planting based on ridge-direction parallelism according to claim 1 becomes number GPS belt transect ground collection method, it is characterized in that obtaining the planar spatial data in plot, arable land, extract the ridge to the planar spatial data in plot, generate the planar spatial data in crop plot, the planar spatial data of polymerization GPS belt transect, reckoning sample area crop-planting and become several five steps to realize by ArcView 3.3 softwares.
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| CN101349561B (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2010-08-25 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Vehicle mounted investigation method and system of large scale crops planting area |
| CN103761447B (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Planting area remote sensing confirming method for grain subsidy accounting of prefecture level and county level |
| CN111008675B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-11-24 | 口碑(上海)信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for sampling and processing recall area |
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| JP2002360070A (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2002-12-17 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Evaluation method of plant vitality |
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