CN100338693C - Process for producing single domain yttrium-barium-copper-oxygen super conductive ring - Google Patents
Process for producing single domain yttrium-barium-copper-oxygen super conductive ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN100338693C CN100338693C CNB2004100569841A CN200410056984A CN100338693C CN 100338693 C CN100338693 C CN 100338693C CN B2004100569841 A CNB2004100569841 A CN B2004100569841A CN 200410056984 A CN200410056984 A CN 200410056984A CN 100338693 C CN100338693 C CN 100338693C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing single domain YBaCuO super conductive rings, which comprises the steps: (1) YBaCuO block-shaped blanks are prepared; (2) the YBaCuO blanks with seed crystals are put in a heating furnace of which the temperature can be controlled, temperature is rapidly raised to 1050DEG. C+/-5DEG. C at the speed rate of 250DEG. C to 350DEG. C/hour, the temperature is rapidly reduced to 1010DEG. C to 1015DEG. C at the speed rate of 400DEG. C to 600DEG. C/hour after the temperature kept for 1 hour to 2 hours, the temperature is gradually reduced to 975DEG. C+/-5DEG. C at the speed rate of 0.3 DEG C/hour to 0.5DEG. C/hour, the temperature is cooled to room temperature at the speed rate of 100 to 200DEG. C/hour so that the YBaCuO blanks experience the process of solidification after partial fusion, and single domain orientating YBaCuO crystals are generated. (3) post-treatment is carried out under oxygen atmosphere of 400DEG. C to 500DEG. C; a single domain super conductive ring with required dimension is processed. A c axis of the single domain YBaCuO super conductive ring is parallel or perpendicular to a symmetry axis of an annular body. The direction of the c axis of a super conductive body in the single domain block-shaped YBaCuO super conductive ring of the present invention has strong magnetic suspension power and a high frozen magnetic field. The single domain YBaCuO super conductive ring is used for magnetic suspension bearings, flywheel energy storing systems, super conductive permanent magnets of high magnetic fields, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of single domain yttrium, barium, copper and oxygen (YBaCuO) superconducting ring.
Background technology
YBaCuO is a kind of anisotropic superconducting material of oxide ceramics that has.Because the superconduction weak existence that connects phenomenon in grain boundary uses the superconducting characteristic (critical current density, magnetic suspension force and frozen magnetic flux density) of the YBaCuO material of conventional powder sintering process preparation not reach requirement of actual application.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of single domain (class monocrystalline) YBaCuO superconducting ring.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of single domain YBaCuO superconduction ring is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
(1), the employing solid state reaction processes prepares the initial powder of YBaCuO, in the mould of again the YBaCuO powder being packed into, is cylindric blank through the single shaft compression molding;
(2), earlier the YBaCuO blank is placed on Al
2O
3Or ZrO
2Or YZO) etc. on the potsherd, use the MgO single-chip of (00l) orientation to isolate between the two, seed crystal is placed on the YBaCuO blank again, employed seed crystal is to have the SmBaCuO of c axle orientation or the small crystals of NdBaCuO; Then, press above-mentioned placement location with Al
2O
3Or ZrO
2Or YZO sheet, the MgO single-chip, and the YBaCuO blank that has seed crystal is placed on the temperature-uniforming plate, and four seed crystals are embedded on the outer wall of cylindric blank symmetrically, the c direction of principal axis of maintenance seed crystal towards cylindric blank radially, put into the heating furnace of controllable temperature again, be rapidly heated to 1050 ℃ ± 5 ℃ with 250 ℃～350 ℃/hour speed, be incubated after 1～2 hour with 400 ℃～600 ℃/hour speed fast cooling to 1010 ℃～1015 ℃, slowly be cooled to 975 ℃ ± 5 ℃ with 0.3～0.5 ℃/hour speed again, make the process of solidifying again behind the YBaCuO blank experience partial melting with 100～200 ℃/hour speed cool to room temperature then, generate the YBaCuO crystal of single domain orientation;
(3), the orientation texture YBaCuO crystal that grows is carried out reprocessing under 400～500 ℃ oxygen atmosphere, make YBa
2Cu
3O
yThe structure of phase is a superconducting phase from tetragonal phase converting, promptly makes the single domain YBaCuO superconduction body.
In the preparation method of single domain YBaCuO superconduction ring of the present invention, Al
2O
3(or ZrO
2, YZO) sheet is that support pad, MgO single-chip are isolation pads.YBaCuO blank after the moulding is placed on Al
2O
3(or ZrO
2, YZO) on the sheet, use the MgO single-chip of (00l) orientation to isolate loss and Al between the two to avoid liquid phase in the growth course
2O
3(or ZrO
2, YZO) and YBaCuO between reaction.Employed temperature-uniforming plate can be a carborundum plate.
In the preparation method of single domain YBaCuO superconduction ring of the present invention, in described step (2), employed seed crystal is to have the SmBaCuO of c axle orientation or the small crystals of NdBaCuO.And, this seed crystal is placed on the diverse location of YBaCuO blank according to different requirements to superconducting ring c axle orientation.
Sometimes requiring superconductor in the application of super-conductive magnetic suspension technology and highfield superconductive permanent magnet is ring bodies, and the single domain superconduction piece that grows is processed to form the ring bodies of the size that requires behind grinding machine and diamond tool.Because the YBaCuO superconductor is the oxide ceramic material of fragility, the YBaCuO superconductor of one-domain structure is again the accurate monocrystal of layer structure, therefore will adopt the special mode that is installed.We use a kind of special rosin bonding agent that the superconduction piece is bonded on the metal dish, carry out back processing on lathe.Add the man-hour depth of cut and want little and steady, the generation brittle fracture of superconduction piece and cleavage destroy in the course of processing to avoid.The cooling fluid of using in the course of processing is under the moist condition oxide superconductor, degenerates because of hydrolysis produces performance in order to reduce oxide superconductor, must carry out dried immediately after processing, and the dried temperature is lower than 100 ℃.
In single domain YBaCuO superconduction ring of the present invention, the c axle of superconducting ring is parallel or perpendicular to the symmetry axis of ring bodies.Parallel or perpendicular to the YBaCuO one-domain structure superconducting ring of ring bodies symmetry axis, can be following three kinds: promptly, the c axle be parallel to the columniform superconducting ring with centre bore of ring bodies symmetry axis about the c direction of principal axis; The c axle is perpendicular to the superconducting ring cylindraceous of ring bodies symmetry axis; The superconducting ring that is perpendicular to one another by four assembled and adjacent two c direction of principal axis of the super guide shoe of single domain.But the prepared superconducting ring of the present invention is not limited to these three kinds again.
In the preparation method of single domain YBaCuO superconduction ring of the present invention, in described step (1), the blank of single shaft compression molding is cylindric blank; In described step (2), be the top surface center that seed crystal is placed on cylindric blank, the axle of the c axle of seed crystal and cylindrical blank is parallel and after described step (3) reprocessing, in the central punch of columned single domain superconductor.Can make the columniform superconducting ring that the c axle is parallel to the ring bodies symmetry axis with centre bore.
In the preparation method of single domain YBaCuO superconduction ring of the present invention, in described step (1), the blank of single shaft compression molding is cylindric blank; In described step (2), be that four seed crystals are embedded on the outer wall of cylindric blank symmetrically, the c direction of principal axis of maintenance seed crystal is towards cylindric blank radially.Can make the cylindraceous superconducting ring of c axle perpendicular to the ring bodies symmetry axis.
In the preparation method of single domain YBaCuO superconduction ring of the present invention, in described step (1), the blank of single shaft compression molding is four watt shape blanks with same size; In described step (2), it is the cambered surface center that four seed crystals is placed on four blank tops respectively, the c direction of principal axis of maintenance seed crystal up, promptly vertical with the baseplane, and after described step (3) reprocessing, four super guide shoes of single domain are assembled into superconducting ring, and wherein adjacent two pieces watts c direction of principal axis is perpendicular to one another.Can make the superconducting ring that is perpendicular to one another by four assembled and adjacent two c direction of principal axis of the super guide shoe of single domain.
In the method for the invention, with melting texture growing prepared YBaCuO material, can grow big grain material by the order of crystallization in the partial melting after coagulation process, eliminate the weak phenomenon that connects effectively, make the critical current density of material, Practical Performances such as magnetic suspension force and frozen magnetic flux density increase substantially.And then top seed crystal technology and combining of melting texture growing technology are proved to be to prepare the successful methods of class monocrystalline (single domain) superconductor of single crystal orientation.The seed crystal that will have a c axle orientation is placed on the top surface center of the YBaCuO block blank after the moulding, in temperature-fall period, utilize the induction of seed crystal to make whole sample press the oriented growth of seed crystal, form the crystal c axle layer structure single domain superconduction piece consistent with seed crystal c axle.Critical current in this superconduction piece ab crystal face is than the big several times of other crystal faces, thereby can produce strong magnetic suspension force and high frozen-in magnetic field along the c direction of principal axis.Except YBa in the farmland
2Cu
3O
yBeyond the close coupling of phase (Y-123) superconduction crystal grain, the Y that disperse distributes in Y-123 phase crystal grain
2BaCuO
xThe existence of phase (Y-211) non-superconducting phase particle has increased the density of intragranular dislocation and fault, and these defectives have further improved the critical current density of material as effective flux pinning center.
Because the block YBaCuO superconductor of single domain has strong magnetic suspension force and high frozen-in magnetic field, big application potential is arranged in a lot of fields, transport with the highfield superconductive permanent magnet as magnetic bearing, flywheel energy storage system, no friction etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the placement schematic diagram of blank, seed crystal and pad
Fig. 2 is the top surface crystallization style of single domain YBaCuO piece
Fig. 3 is a single domain YBaCuO piece vertical section schematic diagram
The single domain superconducting ring schematic diagram of Fig. 4 for being processed into along the cylinder of superconduction piece symmetry axis with the crystal c axle
Fig. 5 is the cylindric blank schematic diagrames of four seed crystals
Fig. 6 is the schematic cross-sectional view of four seed crystal superconducting rings
Fig. 7 is a watt shape blank shaping schematic view
Fig. 8 is a watt shape blank, seed crystal and support pad schematic diagram
Fig. 9 is watt crystal orientation of shape superconduction piece
Figure 10 is watt combination of shape superconduction piece
Figure 11 is the superconducting ring of being made up of four identical super guide shoes of size, shape and crystal orientation
Figure 12 is the relative position schematic diagram of critical piece in the testing apparatus
Figure 13 has shown that radially magnetic buoyancy F and gap change the graph of a relation of (depart from the middle position) to superconducting ring
Embodiment
Preparation single domain YBaCuO superconduction ring will prepare the YBaCuO powder earlier, and then is block blank by the single shaft compression molding, and its method is:
Adopt solid state reaction processes to prepare the initial powder of YBaCuO.With Y
2O
3(4N), BaCO
3(2N) and CuO (2N) powder press Y: Ba: Cu=1.8: 2.4: 3.4 atomic ratio batching, after fully mixing, be contained in the alumina crucible, put into box type furnace, in air, be heated to about 920 ℃, about 70 hours of roasting, the generation composition is equivalent to YBa
2Cu
3O
7-y(Y-123) Y of phase and 40mol%
2BaCuO
5(Y-211) mixed-powder of phase.Thereby in order to reach the purpose of the critical current density of Y-211 particle increase material in the refinement end product, add about 0.2wt%Pt powder, mix through ball milling at the YBaCuO powder.An amount of YBaCuO powder is packed in the special mould, through the block blank of single shaft compression molding for the shape and size that require.
An amount of YBaCuO powder is packed in the cylindric pressing mold, and the mode of pressing with single shaft is shaped to cylindric blank.As shown in Figure 1, the accurate monocrystalline of SmBaCuO of an about 2mm * 2mm * 0.5mm is placed on the top surface center of cylindric blank 2 as seed crystal 1, the c axle of seed crystal 1 is parallel with the axle of cylindrical blank 2.The blank 2 that will have seed crystal 1 again is placed on the Al as support pad
2O
3On the sheet 3, blank 2 and Al
2O
3(00l) MgO single-chip 4 that is used as isolation pad between the sheet 3 is isolated.With Al
2O
3Sheet 3 places on the carborundum plate 5 as temperature-uniforming plate together with the YBaCuO sample of top, puts into heating furnace.
Be rapidly heated to about 1050 ℃ with 300 ℃/hour speed, be incubated that the speed with 500 ℃/hour is cooled to about 1010 ℃ after 1～2 hour, slowly be cooled to about 970 ℃ with 0.3～0.5 ℃/hour speed again, then with 100～200 ℃/hour speed cool to room temperature.YBa in 1050 ℃ of insulating processes among the YBaCuO
2Cu
3O
yFusing mutually, the Y that cannot not resolve into moltenly
2BaCuO
xPhase and liquid phase BaCuO
2And CuO, and the SmBaCuO seed crystal is not molten.Subsequently from 1010 ℃ to 970 ℃ slow temperature-fall period, Y
2BaCuO
xPhase and liquid phase react, and directional solidification under the inducing of seed crystal generates the YBa identical with the orientation of seed crystal
2Cu
3O
yThe phase crystal.The YBaCuO piece that does not have non-seed crystal nucleating growth, its top surface demonstrates crystallization style as Fig. 2 (being four sector regions of the symmetry that is formed centrally in being with seed crystal 1), its vertical section (is a layer structure completely as shown in Figure 3, the c direction of principal axis unanimity in four fan sections, all parallel with the c axle of seed crystal 1, thereby be known as the single domain material).
The single domain YBaCuO piece that grows carries out reprocessing under 400～500 ℃ oxygen atmosphere, make YBa
2Cu
3O
yThe structure of phase is a superconducting phase from tetragonal phase converting.
Punch on single domain superconduction piece with the diamond hole drill, and be processed into single domain superconducting ring shown in Figure 4 through peripheral milling.Because single domain superconduction piece is the brittle ceramic of layer structure, directly be installed fragmentation very easily takes place, with the rosin bonding agent that is added with butter single domain superconduction piece is bonded on the becket securely among the present invention, becket is stuck on lathe or the grinding machine chuck again and processes.
An amount of YBaCuO powder is packed in the pressing mold, the mode of pressing with single shaft is shaped to cylindric blank 12, the accurate monocrystalline 11 of SmBaCuO with four about 2mm * 2mm * 0.5mm is embedded on the outer wall symmetrically as seed crystal simultaneously, and the c direction of principal axis of maintenance seed crystal towards cylindric blank is radially seen Fig. 5.The blank that will have seed crystal again is placed on Al
2O
3On the sheet, blank and Al
2O
3Isolate with the MgO single-chip between the sheet.With Al
2O
3Sheet places on the carborundum plate together with the YBaCuO sample of top, puts into heating furnace.
Be rapidly heated to about 1050 ℃ with 300 ℃/hour speed, be incubated that the speed with 500 ℃/hour is cooled to about 1010 ℃ after 1～2 hour, slowly be cooled to about 970 ℃ with 0.3～0.5 ℃/hour speed again, then with 100～200 ℃/hour speed cool to room temperature.In slow temperature-fall period, YBaCuO blank directional solidification under the inducing of seed crystal generates the YBaCuO crystal of crystal orientation as shown in Figure 6.The YBaCuO piece that does not have non-seed crystal nucleating growth is made up of 4 zones, and each zone all is the lamellar tissue that specific c axle orientation is arranged, and the crystal c direction of principal axis in adjacent two zones is perpendicular to one another.
The orientation texture YBaCuO ring that grows carries out reprocessing under 400～500 ℃ oxygen atmosphere, make YBa
2Cu
3O
yThe structure of phase is a superconducting phase from tetragonal phase converting.Be machined to desired size through the inside and outside circle mill.Owing to the adhesion between four zones is more weak, in the course of processing of back, take place from the phenomenon of adjacent fracture easily.
An amount of YBaCuO powder band shown in Figure 7 of packing into is cut apart in the pressing mold of net, and the mode of pressing with single shaft is shaped to four watt shape blanks with same size.
The accurate monocrystalline of SmBaCuO of about 2mm * 2mm * 0.5mm is placed on watt cambered surface center at shape blank 22 tops as seed crystal 21, and the c direction of principal axis of maintenance seed crystal 21 up, and is promptly vertical with the baseplane.The blank 22 that will have seed crystal 21 again is placed on Al
2O
3On the sheet 23, blank 22 and Al
2O
3Isolate with MgO single-chip 24 between the sheet 23.With Al
2O
3Sheet 23 places (see figure 8) on the carborundum plate 25 together with the YBaCuO sample of top, puts into heating furnace.
Be rapidly heated to about 1050 ℃ with 300 ℃/hour speed, be incubated that the speed with 500 ℃/hour is cooled to about 1010 ℃ after 1～2 hour, slowly be cooled to about 970 ℃ with 0.3～0.5 ℃/hour speed again, then with 100～200 ℃/hour speed cool to room temperature.In slow temperature-fall period, YBaCuO blank directional solidification under the inducing of seed crystal generates the YBaCuO crystal that single domain as shown in Figure 9 is orientated.
The orientation texture YBaCuO ring that grows carries out reprocessing under 400～500 ℃ oxygen atmosphere, make YBa
2Cu
3O
yThe structure of phase is a superconducting phase from tetragonal phase converting.To be bonded in the shape that forms Figure 10 on the metal dish 27 by super guide shoe 26 usefulness gum rosins through four single domains that peroxide is handled again, adjacent two pieces watts c direction of principal axis is perpendicular to one another.Metal dish is stuck on the lathe chuck,, metal dish is stuck in carries out peripheral milling processing on the grinding machine jig again, to desired size with circle in the processing of diamond boring device.The metal dish that will have super guide shoe is heated to the gum rosin fusing, takes off super guide shoe.Four super guide shoe assembly units once more after the processing form the superconducting ring with crystal orientation shown in Figure 11.As shown in figure 11, the crystal c axle of adjacent two super guide shoes of composition superconducting ring is vertical mutually.
Figure 12 is the relative position schematic diagram of critical piece in the testing apparatus, and wherein, Figure 12 (a) is a cross-sectional view; 12 (b)) be skiagraph; The superconducting ring that label 28 is made up of four super guide shoes (external diameter 41mm, internal diameter 25mm, high 22mm); The 29th, the cylindrical container of making by the thick Copper Foil of 0.3mm (external diameter 42mm, internal diameter 41.4mm, long 100mm); The 30th, by 18 sizes NdFeB watt magnet ring of forming identical (external diameter 80mm, internal diameter 50.5mm, high 18mm, inner surface magnetic field intensity 0.3T ± 0.03T) with magnetizing direction; The 31st, the gap of container outer wall and magnet ring (about 4.25mm).
As shown in figure 12, the container 29 that is placed with superconducting ring 28 is placed magnet ring 30, superconducting ring 28 is concentric and placed in the middle with magnet ring 30.Liquid nitrogen liquid injection port 32 by liquid injection pipe is injected liquid nitrogen in container 29, make superconducting ring 28 be cooled to liquid nitrogen temperature (about 77K), remains superconducting ring 28 in the experimentation and is immersed in the liquid nitrogen fully.
Container 29 is fixing, utilize leading screw (shown in the middle arrow of Figure 12 (a)) lifting magnet vertically, change the gap 31 between magnet ring 30 and the container 29, by and the pull pressure sensor measurement superconducting ring 28 that links together of magnet ring 30 and the directed force F between the magnet ring 30.Figure 13 has shown that radially magnetic buoyancy F and gap change the relation of (depart from the middle position) to superconducting ring.
As seen from Figure 13, the variation in power and gap is linear, and the maximum magnetic flux buoyancy that measures under container and the discontiguous condition of magnet ring is 2.1Kg.
Magnet ring is fixed, along continuous straight runs (among the right figure shown in the arrow) pulling container make superconducting ring keep with the concentric condition of magnet ring under depart from the middle position.The power transducer records the power that superconducting ring is pulled out fully from magnet ring be 4.5Kg.
Method of the present invention also is suitable for the preparation of other REBaCuO (RE=Nd, Sin, Gd, Eu, Dy, Y etc.) superconducting ring.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of preparation method of single domain yttrium, barium, copper and oxygen superconducting ring is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
(1), the employing solid state reaction processes prepares the initial powder of YBaCuO, in the mould of again the YBaCuO powder being packed into, is cylindric blank through the single shaft compression molding;
(2), earlier the YBaCuO blank is placed on Al
2O
3Or ZrO
2Or on the YZO sheet, use the MgO single-chip of (00l) orientation to isolate between the two, and again seed crystal being placed on the YBaCuO blank, employed seed crystal is to have the SmBaCuO of c axle orientation or the small crystals of NdBaCuO; Then, press above-mentioned placement location with Al
2O
3Or ZrO
2Or YZO sheet, the MgO single-chip, and the YBaCuO blank that has seed crystal is placed on the temperature-uniforming plate, and four seed crystals are embedded on the outer wall of cylindric blank symmetrically, the c direction of principal axis of maintenance seed crystal towards cylindric blank radially, put into the heating furnace of controllable temperature again, be rapidly heated to 1050 ℃ ± 5 ℃ with 250 ℃～350 ℃/hour speed, be incubated after 1～2 hour with 400 ℃～600 ℃/hour speed fast cooling to 1010 ℃～1015 ℃, slowly be cooled to 975 ℃ ± 5 ℃ with 0.3～0.5 ℃/hour speed again, make the process of solidifying again behind the YBaCuO blank experience partial melting with 100～200 ℃/hour speed cool to room temperature then, generate the YBaCuO crystal of single domain orientation;
(3), the orientation texture YBaCuO crystal that grows is carried out reprocessing under 400～500 ℃ oxygen atmosphere, make YBa
2Cu
3O
yThe structure of phase is a superconducting phase from tetragonal phase converting, promptly makes the single domain YBaCuO superconduction body.
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| CN100338693C true CN100338693C (en) | 2007-09-19 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101665981B (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2012-01-11 | 陕西师范大学 | Preparation method of single-domain Gd-Ba-Cu-O superconducting block |
| CN101665980B (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2012-01-11 | 陕西师范大学 | Infiltration method for preparing single-domain Gd-Ba-Cu-O superconducting block |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103396115B (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2014-11-12 | 陕西师范大学 | Low-cost preparation method of single-domain gadolinium barium copper oxide superconducting bulk material |
| CN107059127B (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-04-16 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of method of bottom seed crystal infiltration growth method preparation single domain rare earth barium copper oxide superconducting ring |
| CN107287658B (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2019-08-16 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of method that pure-oxide pre-sintering method prepares single domain yttrium barium copper oxide superconductor |
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| US5688383A (en) * | 1996-02-22 | 1997-11-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method for improving the performance of high temperature superconducting thin film wafers |
| CN1176950A (en) * | 1996-09-17 | 1998-03-25 | 中国科学院上海冶金研究所 | Method for preparing isotropic, high magnetic suspension force and high temp. superconductive shape material |
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| US5688383A (en) * | 1996-02-22 | 1997-11-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method for improving the performance of high temperature superconducting thin film wafers |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101665981B (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2012-01-11 | 陕西师范大学 | Preparation method of single-domain Gd-Ba-Cu-O superconducting block |
| CN101665980B (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2012-01-11 | 陕西师范大学 | Infiltration method for preparing single-domain Gd-Ba-Cu-O superconducting block |
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|---|---|
| CN1741202A (en) | 2006-03-01 |
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