CN100337481C - A MPEG-2 to AVS video code stream conversion method and apparatus - Google Patents
A MPEG-2 to AVS video code stream conversion method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN100337481C CN100337481C CNB2004100294529A CN200410029452A CN100337481C CN 100337481 C CN100337481 C CN 100337481C CN B2004100294529 A CNB2004100294529 A CN B2004100294529A CN 200410029452 A CN200410029452 A CN 200410029452A CN 100337481 C CN100337481 C CN 100337481C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a conversion method of a video code stream format from MPEG-2 to AVS and a device thereof, wherein the device comprises a lengthening and decoding unit, a counter quantizing unit, a counter DCT transforming unit, a pattern mapping and motion vector transforming unit, an integer transforming unit, a quantizing unit and a lengthening and encoding unit. An MPEG-2 code stream is inputted to the lengthening and decoding unit to decode, one path of an output code stream is outputted to the lengthening and encoding unit by the counter quantizing unit, the counter DCT transforming unit, the integer transforming unit, and the quantizing unit, and the other path is outputted to the lengthening and encoding unit by pattern mapping and motion vector transforming unit; finally, an AVS code stream is outputted by the lengthening and encoding unit. The method and the device thereof of the present invention avoid a complex pattern selecting algorithm, fully use the information of the original code stream of MPEG-2, thereby, realize the conversion to multiple patterns from single pattern, and realize the high-speed conversion of a video code stream format from MPEG-2 to AVS.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to video and transmit the field, the video data that relates in particular to a kind of MPEG-2 form converts the method for the video compression data of AVS form to.
Background technology
MPEG is the abbreviation of motion video experts group (Moving Picture Experts Group), ISO/IEC (International Organization for Standard/InternationalElectrotechnical Commission) establishment MPEG formulated the international standard of moving image compression in 1988, and had issued ISO/IEC1172 (MPEG-1) in 1992.Nineteen ninety ISO/IEC begins to formulate the video compression standard of MPEG-2 again, and its design object is the image quality of advanced industrial standard and higher transfer rate.The transfer rate that MPEG-2 can provide is between 3-10Mbits/sec, and its resolution under the TSC-system formula can reach 720X486, and MPEG-2 also can provide and the video of broadcast level and the tonequality of CD level can be provided.In about the audio coding of MPEG-2 can provide and two surround channels, and big bottom sound channel and 7 audio channels (reason that DVD can have 8 kinds of language to dub) nearly.This standard is announced (ISO/IEC13818-2) [1] in November, 1994.MPEG-2 is not the simple upgrade of MPEG-1, and MPEG-2 is making more detailed regulation and further perfect aspect system and the transmission.MPEG-2 is specially adapted to the coding and the transmission of the Digital Television of broadcast level, is identified as the coding standard of SDTV and HDTV.MPEG-2 has stipulated specially that also the subdivision of multi-channel program connects mode.In addition, MPEG-2 has also taken into account the adaptive problem with ATM cell.
The MPEG-2 video encoding standard is a graduate series, is divided into four " levels (Levels) " by the resolution of coded image; Set by employed coding tools is divided into five " class (Profiles) "." level " constitutes the subclass of MPEG-2 video encoding standard under certain application-specific with the Several combination of " class ": to the image of a certain pattern of the input, adopt the compressed encoding instrument of specific collection, produce the encoding code stream in the schedule speed scope.In 20 kinds of possible combinations, there are 11 kinds to be to have obtained to pass through at present, be called MPEG-2 and be suitable for point.
MPEG-4 formally became international standard in 1999.Be different from MPEG-1 and MPEG-2, MPEG-4 is not only at the video under certain bit rate, audio coding, pays attention to the interactivity and the flexibility of multimedia system more.The MPEG-4 standard is mainly used in video telephone (Video Phone), video E-mail (Video Email) and E-News (Electronic News) etc.
H.264 be the new digital video coding standard of joint video team (JVT:joint video team) exploitation of the MPEG (moving picture expert group) of the VCEG (video coding expert group) of ITU-T and ISO/IEC, it be ITU-T H.264, be again the 10th part of the MPEG-4 of ISO/IEC.Begin to collect draft in 1998, formally became international standard in 2003.H.264 adopted multinomial new technology in the middle of, as unified VLC symbolic coding, high accuracy, multimodal Displacement Estimation are based on 4 * 4 integer transforms, layered encoded grammer etc.The feasible H.264 algorithm of these measures has high coding efficiency very, under identical reconstructed image quality, and can be than the code check of H.263 saving about 50%.H.264 code flow structure network-adaptive is strong, has increased error resilience, can adapt to the application of IP and wireless network well.
AVS is the China national source encoding standard of formulating " digital audio/video encoding and decoding technique standard operation group " (being called for short AVS working group)
[2]AVS is a cover adaptive surface very wide technical standard, and advantage shows the following aspects: (1) AVS be based on China's autonomous innovation technology and international public technology constructed from primary standard, properly settled Intellectual Property Rights Issues; (2) code efficiency height is than the high 2-3 of MPEG-2 international standard times (high definition TV can reach 3 times or more); (3) computation complexity is low, and hardware implementation cost is lower; (4) AVS can save wireless frequency spectrum over half and wire message way resource, significantly reduces the economy input of transmission, memory device and system.AVS has adopted and similar techniques H.264 technically.Code efficiency is 2-3 times (different according to video pictures size difference) of MPEG-2 video, surpassed international MPEG-4AVC/H.264 standard, and scheme is succinct, and implementation complexity is obviously low than MPEG-4 AVC.
Along with the promulgation of AVS standard, new video will adopt the AVS standard to compress and store.Exist requirement for the video data of existing MPEG-2 form from MPEG-2 to AVS code stream format conversion.In the research of in the past transcoding and using, because the size of macro block is fixed, motion estimation vectors can directly be reused.But AVS has adopted the multi-mode motion estimation techniques.Produced the problem that single-mode is changed to multi-mode.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of MPEG-2 to AVS video code flow format conversion method and device thereof, avoided complicated model selection algorithm, thereby realized that single-mode changes to multi-mode, realized the quick conversion of MPEG-2 to AVS video code flow form.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of MPEG-2 to AVS video code flow format conversion method, may further comprise the steps:
A) MPEG-2 code stream variable length decoding, output code flow are carried out next step and step d) respectively;
B) input code flow is carried out output code flow behind the inverse quantization;
C) input code flow is carried out anti-dct transform, output code flow execution in step e);
D) input code flow is carried out mode map and motion vector conversion, output code flow execution in step g);
E) input code flow is carried out output code flow behind the integer transform;
F) input code flow is quantized the back output code flow;
G) input code flow is carried out exporting the AVS code stream after the variable-length encoding.
In such scheme, the conversion in step a), step b) and the step c) meets variable length decoding standard in the MPEG-2 decoder.
In such scheme, in the step d),, adopt AVS that the model selection and the encoding scheme of piece in the frame are encoded for the infra-frame prediction macro block; For the inter prediction macro block, setting its predictive mode is 16 * 16, and corresponding motion vector moves to left one, and promptly putting 1/4 interpolation is zero.
In such scheme, integer transform is the conversion that the residual error through anti-dct transform is met the AVS standard in the step e).
In such scheme, step f) and g) in conversion meet the variable-length encoding standard of AVS standard.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of MPEG-2 to AVS video code flow format conversion apparatus, comprise variable length decoding unit, inverse quantization unit, anti-dct transform unit, mode map and motion vector converter unit, integer transform unit, quantifying unit and elongated change code element, wherein:
The variable length decoding unit is used for the MPEG-2 code stream of input is carried out variable length decoding, and output code flow is to inverse quantization unit and mode map and motion vector converter unit;
Inverse quantization unit, to obtaining conversion coefficient behind the quantization parameter convergent-divergent, output code flow is to anti-dct transform unit;
Anti-dct transform unit, this unit converts transform coefficient matrix to spatial domain sample value matrix, and output code flow is given the integer transform unit;
Mode map and motion vector converter unit in this unit, are set the pattern information in the macro block header, and motion vector are moved to left one, and code stream output code flow after this unit conversion is given the variable-length encoding unit;
The integer transform unit is used for the residual error through anti-dct transform unit is met the conversion of AVS standard, and output code flow is to quantifying unit;
Quantifying unit is used for the quantification that code stream meets the AVS standard, and output code flow is to elongated change code element;
The variable-length encoding unit is used for meeting the variable-length encoding of AVS standard, output AVS code stream to the code stream of quantifying unit output with through the code stream of mode map and motion vector converter unit coding.
In such scheme, described mode map and motion vector converter unit for the infra-frame prediction macro block, adopt AVS that the model selection and the encoding scheme of piece in the frame are encoded; For the inter prediction macro block, setting its predictive mode is 16 * 16, and corresponding motion vector moves to left one, and promptly putting 1/4 interpolation is zero.
As from the foregoing, a kind of MPEG-2 of the present invention is to AVS video code flow format conversion method and device thereof, avoided complicated model selection algorithm, made full use of the information of MPEG-2 source code flow, thereby realized that single-mode changes to multi-mode, realized the quick conversion of MPEG-2 to AVS video code flow form.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the macro-block partition mode schematic diagram that exists among the prior art AVS;
Motion vector and the order of reference key in code stream after the numeral macroblock partitions in the rectangle.
Fig. 2 is that MPEG-2 of the present invention is to AVS video code flow format conversion method flow chart;
Fig. 3 is that MPEG-2 of the present invention is to AVS video code flow format conversion apparatus structural representation.
Embodiment
Describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the invention.
The MPEG-2 video algorithm is a kind of hybrid coding algorithm-motion compensation dct algorithm.This algorithm belongs to the video compression algorithm of the first generation, adopts piece (Block) structure, is applicable to unlike signal, and it mainly comprises following content: time domain prediction: the time redundancy that reduces video image; Frequency domain decomposes: with the space piece of DCT (discrete cosine transform) exploded view picture, make full use of spatial redundancy static and in logic; Which quantize: under the condition of loss minimum of ensuring the quality of products, determine to select to transmit information, to reduce bit rate; Variable-length encoding: utilize the static redundancy of the symbol sebolic addressing that constitutes by quantification and satellite information to carry out entropy coding.
In the prior art, MPEG is divided into 3 types with image: I image (Intra-picture), utilize the correlation compression of image self, and adopt transition coding technology based on DCT, reduce spatial redundancy information; The P image is that the image that the I picture in reference past or prediction in the past obtain is encoded with the motion prediction compensation technique, and these predicted pictures are the reference of the further prediction of conduct often, and the code efficiency of predicted picture is higher; The B image is when prediction, both can use previous image for referencial use, and also can use next image for referencial use, and perhaps use former and later two images simultaneously as the reference image, its compression efficiency is the highest, but bidirectional predictive picture can not be as the reference picture of prediction.
After having adopted above 3 kinds of two field pictures classification, motion compensation technique is mainly used in eliminates P image and B image redundancy in time.Among the MPEG, motion compensation technique is at macro block one level work.Each picture frame is divided into 16 * 16 piece, and each piece has 48 * 8 (Y) luminance block and two (Cb and Cr) chrominance block to form.6 pieces of this group are called macro block.It is the base unit of MPEG-2 motion estimation and compensation.Each comprises 16 * 16 macro blocks of movable information, does differential coding with respect to the movable information of front adjacent macroblocks, obtains the motion difference, for the differences in motion value information, re-uses the method for variable-length encoding, thereby reaches the purpose of further packed data.
In MPEG-2, the precision of estimation can reach 1/2 pixel.Mpeg standard has only illustrated how to represent movable information, as according to the motion compensation type, and forward prediction, back forecast, bi-directional predicted etc., each 16 * 16 macro block can include one or two motion vector.But it adopts block-based method for expressing, and it is feasible using block-matching technique.
In the AVS standard, two field picture also is divided into 3 classes: the I image, during decoding not with reference to other image; The P image, the reference picture during decoding is (DISPLAY ORDER) before present image; B image, the reference picture during decoding be (DISPLAY ORDER) before present image and afterwards.
The basic processing unit of video decoding process is a macro block among the AVS, and a macro block comprises one 16 * 16 brightness sample value piece and corresponding colourity sample value piece.Macro block can further be divided into the sample block of minimum 8 * 8 and predict.The unit of conversion is 8 * 8 sample block.Conversion coefficient carries out scalar quantization.In addition, the AVS processing method of transform and quantization in the restricted code device not.
As shown in Figure 1, in the motion prediction of AVS, a macro block (MB) can be divided into different sub-pieces by Fig. 1, forms the piece size of 4 kinds of different modes.This multimodal flexible and careful division more suits the shape of actual motion object in the image, has improved the levels of precision of estimation greatly.In this manner, in each macro block, can include 1,2 or 4 motion vector.Motion vector and the order of reference key in code stream after the numeral macroblock partitions among Fig. 1 in the rectangle.
The piece of the conversion 8 * 8 of AVS is a base unit.Conversion coefficient carries out scalar quantization.In addition, the AVS processing method of transform and quantization in the restricted code device not.
Comprehensive above the analysis, the main difference that exists in coding method of AVS and MPEG-2 is by the following aspects (seeing Table 1) as can be known:
Table 1
| MPEG-2 | AVS | |
| Infra-frame prediction | Do not have | Have |
| Motion-vector prediction | 16 * 16,16 * 8 motion compensation only are used for field pattern | 16×16，16×8， 8×16，8×8 |
| The motion- |
1/2 |
1/4 pixel precision |
| Dct transform | Dct transform | Integer transform |
The purpose of transcoding is to obtain the result of a balance between code efficiency, speed and picture quality.
AVS belongs to the encoding and decoding standard of new generation based on the tree structure motion compensation process.The test code of this class standard is carried out the result of complexity test according to people such as yellow Chao [4], estimation has accounted for 54.8% of whole amount of calculation, 4 * 4 intraframe predictive coding has accounted for 24.5%, 1/4 interpolation has accounted for 9.9%, dct transform has accounted for 5.2%, and 16 * 16 intraframe predictive coding has only accounted for 0.1%.Therefore to reduce the complexity of video code conversion, realize real-time transcoding, must make full use of the information such as motion estimation vectors of original code stream, and simplify 1/4 interpolation and model selection algorithm.
There is the multiple choices pattern to AVS video code flow format conversion method in a kind of MPEG-2 provided by the invention at inter prediction in the AVS standard, these characteristics of macro block mode of 16 * 16 have wherein been comprised, after MPEG-2 code stream process variable length decoding, inverse quantization and anti-dct transform, be mapped directly to AVS 16 * 16 predictive modes, simultaneously corresponding motion vector moves to left one and is about to 1/4 interpolate value and is changed to 0, and then carries out conversion, quantification and coding.The focusing on of this method simplifies that predictive mode in the process that the MPEG-2 code stream is transformed into the AVS code stream is selected and the complexity of estimation, and conversion during MPEG-2 code stream variable length decoding, inverse quantization, anti-dct transform and AVS encode, quantification and variable-length encoding are prior art.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of MPEG-2 may further comprise the steps to AVS video code flow format conversion method:
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 3 and use the device of above-mentioned MPEG-2 to AVS video code flow format conversion method.
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of MPEG-2 comprises variable length decoding unit 10, inverse quantization unit 20, anti-dct transform unit 30, mode map and motion vector converter unit 40, integer transform unit 50, quantifying unit 60 and elongated change code element 70 to AVS video code flow format conversion apparatus 1.Wherein:
Variable length decoding unit 10, be used for MPEG-2 code stream variable length decoding, the MPEG-2 code stream after variable length decoding unit 10 decoding to inverse quantization unit 20 and mode map and motion vector converter unit 40 output code flows, decoding meets variable length decoding standard in the MPEG-2 decoder in variable length decoding unit 10, and detail can be with reference to 7.2 among the ISO/IECInternational Standard 13818-2.Generic Coding of Moving Pictures andAssociated Audio Information:Video.Nov.1994.;
Inverse quantization unit 20, to obtaining conversion coefficient behind the quantization parameter convergent-divergent, meet variable length decoding standard in the MPEG-2 decoder, detail can be with reference to 7.3 and 7.4 among the ISO/IEC International Standard 13818-2.Generic Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio Information:Video.Nov.1994.;
Mode map and motion vector converter unit 40 for the infra-frame prediction macro block, adopt AVS that the model selection and the encoding scheme of piece in the frame are encoded; For the inter prediction macro block, setting its predictive mode is 16 * 16, and corresponding motion vector moves to left one, and promptly putting 1/4 interpolation is zero, and code stream output code flow after this unit conversion is given variable-length encoding unit 70;
Quantifying unit 60 is used for the quantification that code stream meets the AVS standard, and detail can be with reference to AVS standard and reference software thereof.
Variable-length encoding unit 70 is used for meeting the variable-length encoding of AVS standard to the code stream of quantifying unit 60 output with through the code stream of mode map and motion vector converter unit 40 codings, and detail can be with reference to AVS standard and reference software thereof.
In sum, a kind of MPEG-2 provided by the invention is to AVS video code flow format conversion method and device thereof, avoided complicated model selection algorithm, made full use of the information of MPEG-2 source code flow, thereby realized that single-mode changes to multi-mode, realized the quick conversion of MPEG-2 to AVS video code flow form.
Claims (7)
1. a MPEG-2 may further comprise the steps to AVS video code flow format conversion method:
A.MPEG-2 code stream variable length decoding, output code flow are carried out next step and step d) respectively;
B. input code flow is carried out output code flow behind the inverse quantization;
C. input code flow is carried out anti-dct transform, output code flow execution in step e);
D. input code flow is carried out mode map and motion vector conversion, output code flow execution in step g);
C. input code flow is carried out output code flow behind the integer transform;
E. input code flow is quantized the back output code flow;
H. input code flow is carried out exporting the AVS code stream after the variable-length encoding.
2. a kind of MPEG-2 as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that to AVS video code flow format conversion method the conversion in step a), step b) and the step c) meets variable length decoding standard in the MPEG-2 decoder.
3. a kind of MPEG-2 as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that to AVS video code flow format conversion method, in the step d), for the infra-frame prediction macro block, adopts AVS that the model selection and the encoding scheme of piece in the frame are encoded; For the inter prediction macro block, setting its predictive mode is 16 * 16, and corresponding motion vector moves to left one, and promptly putting 1/4 interpolation is zero.
4. a kind of MPEG-2 as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that to AVS video code flow format conversion method integer transform is the conversion that the residual error through anti-dct transform is met the AVS standard in the step e).
5. a kind of MPEG-2 as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that to AVS video code flow format conversion method, step f) and g) in conversion meet the variable-length encoding standard of AVS standard.
6. a MPEG-2 is to AVS video code flow format conversion apparatus, it is characterized in that, comprise variable length decoding unit, inverse quantization unit, anti-dct transform unit, mode map and motion vector converter unit, integer transform unit, quantifying unit and variable-length encoding unit, wherein:
The variable length decoding unit is used for the MPEG-2 code stream of input is carried out variable length decoding, and output code flow is to inverse quantization unit and mode map and motion vector converter unit;
Inverse quantization unit is used for obtaining conversion coefficient behind the quantization parameter convergent-divergent, and output code flow is to anti-dct transform unit;
Anti-dct transform unit is used for converting transform coefficient matrix to spatial domain sample value matrix, and this unit output code flow is given the integer transform unit;
Mode map and motion vector converter unit are set the macro block header, and motion vector is moved to left one, and code stream output code flow after this unit conversion is given the variable-length encoding unit;
The integer transform unit is used for the coefficient through anti-dct transform unit is met the conversion of AVS standard, and output code flow is to quantifying unit;
Quantifying unit makes the quantification of code stream meet the AVS standard, and output code flow is to elongated change code element;
The variable-length encoding unit is used for meeting the variable-length encoding of AVS standard, output AVS code stream to the code stream of quantifying unit output with through the code stream of mode map and motion vector converter unit coding.
7. a kind of MPEG-2 as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that to AVS video code flow format conversion apparatus, and described mode map and motion vector converter unit for the infra-frame prediction macro block, adopt AVS that the model selection and the encoding scheme of piece in the frame are encoded; For the inter prediction macro block, setting its predictive mode is 16 * 16, and corresponding motion vector moves to left one, and promptly putting 1/4 interpolation is zero.
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| CN100391264C (en) * | 2005-09-25 | 2008-05-28 | 海信集团有限公司 | Multi-descriptive coding-decoding method based on AVS video stardard |
| CN100534179C (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2009-08-26 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Transmission stream multi-plexing method facting to AVS1.0 |
| CN100477796C (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2009-04-08 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | Method of converting transformation coefficient block for video conversion |
| CN100477795C (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2009-04-08 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | Method for converting compressed domain video transcoding coefficient from MPEG-2 to H.264 |
| CN100452881C (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2009-01-14 | 清华大学 | Countra-quantization method based on merging processing and apparatus thereof |
| CN101188756B (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2010-06-09 | 武汉大学 | A code conversion method from MPEG-4 SP to AVX video |
| CN101394569B (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-04-21 | 北京创毅视讯科技有限公司 | Error tolerance method, device and chip for AVS video decoder |
| CN101924937A (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2010-12-22 | 上海广播电视台 | Optimization loading method of DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) alternating current non-zero coefficient information of Mpeg II elementary stream |
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