CN100336477C - 通过脉冲电场处理提高烤烟香味和调节烟碱的方法 - Google Patents
通过脉冲电场处理提高烤烟香味和调节烟碱的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种通过脉冲电场处理提高烤烟香味和调节烟碱的方法,属烟草加工技术领域。本发明在室内设置脉冲电场,采用的脉冲电对烤烟进行处理,脉冲电场强度为0.5-10kv/cm、脉冲频率为0-200Hz、脉冲宽度≤300ns、脉冲上升前沿≤50ns、电极为平行板、处理时间为10分钟-24小时。本发明具有无污染和二次污染、保护生态环境,能耗低,既能调节烟碱量,又能增加香味,提高烤烟的品质等优点。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种通过脉冲电场处理提高烤烟香味和调节烟碱的方法,属烟草加工技术领域。
背景技术:
烟碱是烟叶和烟气中的一种有害成分烟碱既能对烟叶的吃味,刺激性等品质因素产生影响,又能给人体生理满足,但大量吸食则会引起身体不适,甚至中毒,烟碱的致死量是40mg/kg以上。烟碱量过低,劲头小,吃味平淡,香气量不足,烟碱量过高,刺激性大、味苦,烟味辛辣。烟碱随人群的不同,需要量也不同。保持卷烟的色、香、味,降低对人体健康的危害就显得十分重要。目前用化学剂来调节烟叶的烟碱量,吃味通过加香的手段来获取。而化学剂对的人体健康有一定的危害。
发明内容:
本发明的目的在于提供一种通过脉冲电场处理提高烤烟香味和调节烟碱的方法。
本发明在室内设置脉冲电场,采用的脉冲电对烤烟进行处理,脉冲电场强度为0.5-10kv/cm、脉冲频率为0-200Hz、脉冲宽度≤300ns、脉冲上升前沿≤50ns、电极为平行板、处理时间为10分钟-24小时。
本发明具有无污染和二次污染、保护生态环境,能耗低,既能调节烟碱量,又能增加香味,提高烤烟的品质等优点。
具体实施方式:
以下实施例中均采用脉冲宽度≤300ns、脉冲上升前沿≤50ns、电极为平行板。
表1显示烟碱变化情况:
编号 | 烤烟产地及型号 | 处理条件及时间 | 烟碱(%) | 烟碱增降(%) |
1 | 云南昆明X2L | 0(对照) | 1.650 | |
2 | 云南昆明X2L | 0.4290kv/cm,0Hz,24h | 1.620 | -1.818 |
3 | 云南昆明X2L | 0(对照) | 2.145 | |
4 | 云南昆明X2L | 1.000kv/cm,30Hz,15h | 2.019 | -5.874 |
5 | 云南昆明X2L | 0(对照) | 1.418 | |
6 | 云南昆明X2L | 1.200kv/cm,60Hz,15h | 1.316 | -7.193 |
7 | 云南红河B3F | 0(对照) | 2.790 | |
8 | 云南红河B3F | 0.530kv/cm,90Hz,1h | 2.585 | -7.348 |
9 | 云南昆明X2F | 0(对照) | 0.823 | |
10 | 云南昆明X2F | 1.679kv/cm,160Hz,30min | 1.740 | +111.4 |
11 | 云南红河B2F | 0(对照) | 3.002 | |
12 | 云南红河B2F | 1.500kv/cm,180Hz,30min | 1.317 | -56.13 |
13 | 广西隆林X2L | 0(对照) | 1.069 | |
14 | 广西隆林X2L | 2.357kv/cm,160Hz,40min | 1.202 | +12.44 |
15 | 广西隆林X2L | 2.143kv/cm,140Hz,50min | 1.129 | +5.613 |
16 | 广西隆林B2L | 0(对照) | 2.244 | |
17 | 广西隆林B2L | 2.071kv/cm,200Hz,10min | 2.931 | +36.61 |
18 | 广西隆林B2L | 2.357kv/cm,190Hz,15min | 2.771 | +23.48 |
19 | 广西隆林C3F | 0(对照) | 2.392 | |
20 | 广西隆林C3F | 2.178kv/cm,160Hz,20min | 1.097 | -54.14 |
21 | 广西隆林C3F | 2.071kv/cm,170Hz,35min | 1.343 | -43.86 |
22 | 云南昆明C3L | 0(对照) | 1.123 | |
23 | 云南昆明C3L | 1.786kv/cm,150Hz,30min | 2.593 | +130.9 |
24 | 云南昆明X2L | 0(对照) | 1.412 | |
25 | 云南昆明X2L | 7.333kv/cm,120Hz,45min | 2.509 | +77.69 |
26 | 云南昆明X2L | 3.500kv/cm,110Hz,45min | 2.506 | +77.48 |
27 | 云南昆明X2L | 1.500kv/cm,120Hz,45min | 2.591 | +82.93 |
28 | 云南昆明X2L | 9.333kv/cm,130Hz,45min | 1.905 | +34.92 |
29 | 云南昆明X2L | 5.250kv/cm,140Hz,45min | 1.649 | +16.78 |
30 | 云南昆明X2L | 1.000kv/cm,150Hz,45min | 1.515 | +7.295 |
31 | 云南元谋X2L | 0(对照) | 1.717 | |
32 | 云南元谋X2L | 7.300kv/cm,120Hz,45min | 2.279 | +32.73 |
33 | 云南元谋X2L | 9.300kv/cm,140Hz,45min | 2.374 | +38.26 |
34 | 云南元谋X2L | 5.250kv/cm,130Hz,45min | 1.785 | +3.960 |
35 | 云南元谋X2L | 1.000kv/cm,190Hz,45min | 1.681 | -2.097 |
36 | 云南丽江B2L | 0(对照) | 2.97 | |
37 | 云南丽江B2L | 0.200kv/cm,160Hz,2h | 2.77 | -0.7168 |
38 | 云南丽江B2L | 0.560kv/cm,160Hz,30min | 2.59 | -7.168 |
39 | 云南昆明X2F | 0(对照) | 1.65 | |
40 | 云南昆明X2F | 0.150kv/cm,150Hz,30min | 1.56 | -5.455 |
41 | 云南昆明X2F | 0(对照) | 2.14 | |
42 | 云南昆明X2F | 0.333kv/cm,150Hz,30min | 2.02 | -5.607 |
43 | 云南昆明X2F | 0(对照) | 1.14 | |
44 | 云南昆明X2F | 0.457kv/cm,150Hz,30min | 1.32 | -7.895 |
表2评吸评分结果:
编号 | 评吸 | 评分相对升降值 | |||||||||
香气质15分 | 香气量25分 | 杂气15分 | 余味15分 | 浓度9分 | 刺激性8分 | 劲头5分 | 烧燃性5分 | 灰色3分 | 总评100分 | ||
1 | 10.5 | 15.8 | 10.6 | 11.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 69.9 | |
2 | 11.5 | 16.2 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 73.6 | 5.29 |
3 | 10.0 | 14.2 | 12.3 | 11.1 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 71.3 | |
4 | 12.3 | 17.5 | 10.6 | 13.4 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 2.6 | 78.9 | 10.7 |
5 | 11.0 | 14.7 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 70.8 | |
6 | 12.0 | 16.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 74.5 | 5.23 |
7 | 10.0 | 14.2 | 12.3 | 11.1 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 71.3 | |
8 | 11.7 | 15.8 | 12.5 | 12.3 | 6.3 | 7.4 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 76.2 | 6.87 |
9 | 11.3 | 14.8 | 11.6 | 12.0 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 72.3 | |
10 | 12.3 | 15.7 | 12.2 | 13.6 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 78.3 | 8.30 |
11 | 11.0 | 13.9 | 10.7 | 11.7 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 69.0 | |
12 | 12.5 | 16.7 | 13.4 | 14.0 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 82.4 | 19.4 |
13 | 11.5 | 14.2 | 12.3 | 11.5 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 4.7 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 73.9 |
14 | 12.5 | 16.8 | 12.8 | 13.1 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 80.0 | 8.25 |
15 | 12.0 | 16.5 | 11.5 | 12.5 | 6.2 | 7.5 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 77.0 | 4.19 |
16 | 11.2 | 14.1 | 10.8 | 11.9 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 4.3 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 70.3 | |
17 | 12.7 | 16.3 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 6.2 | 7.5 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 78.9 | 12.23 |
18 | 12.4 | 15.5 | 11.6 | 12.5 | 6.0 | 7.3 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 75.8 | 7.82 |
19 | 11.5 | 15.2 | 10.8 | 11.6 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 71.3 | |
20 | 15.1 | 17.5 | 12.0 | 13.4 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 2.7 | 82.7 | 16.0 |
21 | 14.6 | 17.0 | 12.0 | 12.5 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 2.6 | 80.4 | 12.8 |
22 | 11.5 | 16.3 | 11.5 | 12.0 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 74.7 | |
23 | 13.0 | 18.2 | 12.5 | 12.6 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 81.5 | 9.10 |
24 | 11.3 | 15.5 | 11.1 | 12.4 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 73.1 | |
25 | 13.5 | 18.9 | 13.0 | 13.2 | 7.0 | 7.3 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 83.9 | 14.8 |
26 | 13.4 | 18.7 | 13.0 | 13.2 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 83.2 | 13.8 |
27 | 13.9 | 19.1 | 13.2 | 13.5 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 3.5 | 86.2 | 17.9 |
28 | 13.0 | 18.5 | 12.8 | 13.0 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 3.0 | 81.4 | 11.4 |
29 | 12.7 | 17.6 | 12.3 | 12.9 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 79.1 | 8.21 |
30 | 12.1 | 16.8 | 11.9 | 12.6 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 76.6 | 4.79 |
31 | 10.8 | 16.5 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 73.4 | |
32 | 13.0 | 17.5 | 12.4 | 12.9 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 81.5 | 11.0 |
33 | 13.8 | 18.3 | 12.9 | 13.6 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 85.4 | 16.4 |
34 | 11.1 | 16.8 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 4.1 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 75.0 | 2.18 |
35 | 13.2 | 17.7 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 81.2 | 10.6 |
36 | 11.2 | 13.5 | 11.0 | 11.7 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 69.1 | |
37 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 10.5 | 12.0 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 4.1 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 70.7 | 2.32 |
38 | 13.7 | 14.8 | 12.5 | 13.2 | 6.5 | 7.0 | 4.7 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 78.4 | 13.5 |
39 | 11.0 | 13.9 | 10.7 | 11.7 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 69 | |
40 | 11.5 | 16.5 | 11.3 | 12.5 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 74.3 | 7.68 |
41 | 11.3 | 15.5 | 11.1 | 12.4 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 73.1 |
42 | 12.5 | 17.5 | 11.5 | 13.1 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 80.5 | 10.1 |
43 | 12.0 | 16.7 | 11.0 | 12.6 | 6.1 | 6.7 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 75.7 | |
44 | 13.5 | 19.5 | 13.0 | 13.2 | 7.0 | 7.3 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 83.5 | 10.3 |
以上结果表明:本方法能够有效地提高烤烟香味和调节烟碱,且能耗较低,符合国家环保和节约能源的政策。
Claims (1)
1、一种通过脉冲电场处理提高烤烟香味和调节烟碱的方法,用脉冲电场对烤烟进行处理,其特征在于采用的脉冲电场强度为0.5-10kv/cm、脉冲频率为0-200Hz、脉冲宽度≤300ns、脉冲上升前沿≤50ns、电极为平行板、处理时间为10分钟-24小时。
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CN1044585A (zh) * | 1989-02-02 | 1990-08-15 | 陈先农 | 改变烟草吸食品质的物理化学方法和装置 |
CN1425338A (zh) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-06-25 | 包德修 | 烤烟陈化中的电磁场处理 |
CN1543885A (zh) * | 2003-11-18 | 2004-11-10 | 云南大学 | 脉冲电场用于烟草杀虫灭菌的方法 |
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CN1044585A (zh) * | 1989-02-02 | 1990-08-15 | 陈先农 | 改变烟草吸食品质的物理化学方法和装置 |
CN1425338A (zh) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-06-25 | 包德修 | 烤烟陈化中的电磁场处理 |
CN1543885A (zh) * | 2003-11-18 | 2004-11-10 | 云南大学 | 脉冲电场用于烟草杀虫灭菌的方法 |
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上海纺织控股基团开发环保时尚新面料 赵磊,中国纺织报 2002 * |
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