CN100335749C - Axial securing means for impeller blades - Google Patents

Axial securing means for impeller blades Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100335749C
CN100335749C CNB038118467A CN03811846A CN100335749C CN 100335749 C CN100335749 C CN 100335749C CN B038118467 A CNB038118467 A CN B038118467A CN 03811846 A CN03811846 A CN 03811846A CN 100335749 C CN100335749 C CN 100335749C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
blade
fixed body
restraint device
petiolarea
root
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB038118467A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1656303A (en
Inventor
D·凯斯特利
J·贝蒂
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Accelleron Industries AG
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ABB Turbo Systems AG
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Publication date
Application filed by ABB Turbo Systems AG filed Critical ABB Turbo Systems AG
Publication of CN1656303A publication Critical patent/CN1656303A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN100335749C publication Critical patent/CN100335749C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/32Locking, e.g. by final locking blades or keys
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/32Locking, e.g. by final locking blades or keys
    • F01D5/323Locking of axial insertion type blades by means of a key or the like parallel to the axis of the rotor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to axial securing means for impeller blades (10) of turbo generators with axial passage. In said generators the impeller blades (10) are secured radially and in a peripheral direction by means of a blade root (12) that is axially inserted into a radial groove (14) of a blade support (16). The axial securing means (20) have a securing body (22) with a first axial end region (26, 26') and a second axial end region (28), which are interconnected by a connection region (30), whereby the first end region (26, 26') engages behind a front face (32) of the blade root (12) and a front face (30) of the blade support (16) on the flow exit side and the second end region (28) engages behind a front face (34) of the blade support (16) on the flow entry side. Said end regions (26, 26', 28) help to secure the blade (10) against axial forces that originate from the flow and act from the flow entry side in the direction of arrow (A). A spring element (38) is configured in the connection region (36), said element when installed exerting a radial force between the blade root (12) and the base (15) of the radial groove. The force is sufficient to secure the impeller blade (10) in its axial position against axial forces exerted in the entry direction (B) of the flow.

Description

The axial restraint device of working blade
Technical field
The present invention relates to by the described axial restraint device that is used for axial flow turbomachine working blade of claim 1 preamble.
Effect has the centrifugal force that is produced by rotation on the working blade of axial flow turbomachine.Generally tree-like or swallow-tail form configuration connects and accepts by groove-spring that form fit connects radially is set these power by Christmas between working blade and blade rim.The axial force that axial flow direction by flowing medium produces then must be accepted by means of independent axial restraint device.
Background technique
US-A-2,928,651 disclose the example of this axial restraint device.Being used for fixing what axially go up working blade is the fixed body that is made of the plate single-piece, and its length is greater than the part that extends axially of the radial groove of swallow-tail form root of blade or the anti-phase identical formation of blade rim.What be used in addition to accept axial force is the petiolarea that plays the fixed block effect of plate, and these petiolareas are from the end face axial projection of root of blade or blade rim, and for fixedly purpose is crooked diametrically.First of two protruding petiolareas is along the central longitudinal axis separated into two parts of plate.In the opposite direction go up bending for fixing purpose in the footpath by the connecting sheet that produces in the petiolarea like this, make first connecting sheet clamp the end face of blade rim from behind, and second connecting sheet is clamped first end face of root of blade from behind for two.Second of two protruding petiolareas is crooked under installment state, makes it clamp blade rim and the second reverse end face of first end face from behind.Embed in the root of blade wedge-shaped indentation at the reed of plate centre arbor shape by the board plane projection, effect is to accept the power of axial action in blade equally.
Breach in the root of blade bother very much and manufacturing expense very high because be used for making the modern high-effect material of blade at present, for example as nickel-base alloy or titanium alloy, this breach can only be more by grinding or corrosion manufacturing.In addition, if having the axial restraint device that the inside embeds breach in the breach of root of blade of fixed body lug boss or the blade rim radial groove, installation and removal are trouble and time-consuming very.For example at US-2, in the example shown in 928,651, for example the petiolarea (label 26) that radially outward must be erected earlier for dismounting is aligned.In addition, fixed body is by the moulding of plate single-piece, and its petiolarea and axle shape reed produce by the respective curved of this plate.The material of plate must be selected for this reason like this, makes it can bend to desired shape on the one hand, but also wants the power that can accept to occur on the other hand.Therefore, this fixed body can only be confined to possible thrust and shearing force designs, and wherein, has additionally reduced the strength of materials by bending.Under normal operation, employed these material known all almost are difficult to satisfy desired performance, under the high temperature that for example occurs in this turbomachinery that runs up, even almost there is not a kind of material at high temperature still can guarantee the required axial restraint of working blade in the blade rim as turbosupercharger.In addition, in this fixed body,, must carry out bending to the petiolarea of fixed body with highi degree of accuracy for making blade accurate location on its position.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the object of the invention is, a kind of axial restraint device of the above-mentioned type is provided, and this device is made and install simple and with low cost, and guarantees that working blade is on its axial position reliably.
This purpose is achieved by the axial restraint device with the described feature of claim 1, and wherein, the working blade of impeller is fixed by means of the fixed body of axial restraint device correspondence.Fixed body has axial first petiolarea and axial second petiolarea, and they interconnect by the connection area.Under installment state, the connection area is arranged in the gap that constitutes between root of blade end and the radial groove bottom.First petiolarea constitutes like this, makes it use the end face of clamping flow exit side upper blade root and blade rim from behind.Second petiolarea constitutes like this, makes it use the end face of clamping from behind facing to flow admission side upper blade wheel rim.According to the present invention, the connection area has an elastic component, in the power that applies a kind of radial effect under the state of packing into by this elastic component between root of blade and radial groove bottom, this power is enough to overcome the moving Way in of axial force longshore current working blade is fixed on its axial position.Can not have radial indentation by this configuration and constitute root of blade and radial groove, thereby significantly reduced manufacture cost.In addition, in the radial groove of fixed body can being packed into simply according to axial restraint device of the present invention, subsequently blade is inserted in the radial groove with root of blade.Dismounting can be carried out with reverse order equally simply.Need not as crooked or reverse the petiolarea of fixed body or fixed body.Reduced the required time that mounts and dismounts like this.
Elastic component constitutes in the mode of ripple in the connection area very simply.This ripple can be by single whole ripple, by double wave or many ripples, perhaps also can by upwards or downward half-wave constitute.If this elastic component constitutes with the waveform bend mode of connection area, fixed body can be made especially simply so.But this ripple also can be when processing fixed body by material block or just is arranged in the fixed body when casting etc., thereby need not bending afterwards.
What have advantage especially is, the bending of waveform extends axially the twice to ten times that is equivalent to the connection area radial thickness in the part substantially at it, because reach the force rate of the best in the gap between radial groove bottom and the root of blade end like this.
If root of blade its at least on half the axial length with the connection area rubbing contact of fixed body, can also further improve the power effect so.
If fixed body is made by high-temperature steel, it also can easily use on the turbomachinery that runs up so.In a particularly preferred mode of execution, fixed body is made by nickel-base alloy.
Manufacture view especially simply is that the fixed body single-piece constitutes.
The flange of solid formation guarantees good especially in the axial direction fixing in first and second petiolareas of fixed body, because these flanges can not be aligned.But it is contemplated that also petiolarea constitutes in the mode of flexible plates end.It is unimportant how the end of fixed body constitutes, by from casting, burn into sheet material stamping-out and/or can make fixed body very simply by laser.
Other preferred embodiment are the theme of dependent claims.
Description of drawings
By the preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing theme of the present invention is elaborated below.Wherein:
Fig. 1 part is fixed on blade on the blade rim and a part of blade rim utilization axial section along blade rim radial groove bottom according to a preferred implementation of axial restraint device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is to illustrate second mode of execution according to axial restraint device of the present invention with the similar schematic representation of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is to illustrate the 3rd mode of execution according to axial restraint device of the present invention with the similar schematic representation of Fig. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 with Fig. 1-3 similarly schematic representation another mode of execution according to axial restraint device of the present invention is shown.
Reference numeral of using in the accompanying drawing and implication summary column thereof are in the reference character table.The mode of execution of being introduced is given an example for theme of the present invention, there is no restriction.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 and 2 illustrates the part of the working blade 10 that has tree-like root of blade 12 on Christmas respectively, and root of blade is fixed in the tree-like radial groove 14 on reverse identical Christmas of blade rim 16.In the gap 18 between the radial groove bottom 15 of the end 13 of root of blade 12 and radial groove 14, the fixed body 22 according to axial restraint device 20 of the present invention is set, this fixed body is structure as a whole in an illustrated embodiment.The flow direction that applies working medium to working blade 10 adopts arrow A to represent here.With this flow to A opposite-with compare by the power that flows to the A effect-much smaller axial force acts on working blade 10 on direction B.Overcome two power A according to axial restraint device 20 of the present invention, B guarantees that working blade 10 accurately remains on its axial position.
Preferably the fixed body of being made by for example nickel-base alloy as nimonic nickel-base alloy 90 22 has two petiolareas 26,26 ' and 28, fixed body 22 utilizes the part that extends axially that extends axially part or root of blade 12 of these petiolarea bulged blade wheel rim 16 radial grooves 14. First petiolarea 26,26 of fixed body 22 ' be solid double flange.Radially form fit connects with the blade rim end face of clamping from behind on the flow exit side 30 among inward flange 26 embodiment shown here, and footpath outward flange 26 ' same form fit connects the earthy root of blade end face of clamping from behind on the flow exit side 32.Be provided with second petiolarea 28 separatedly on first petiolarea 26,26 ' axially, its under installment state inner radial with the end face 34 of clamping flow admission side upper blade wheel rim 12 from behind.Two petiolareas 26,26 ' and 28 axially interconnect by connection area 36.Connection area 36 has rectangular cross section, and its size on its whole axial length is constant substantially.Can make fixed body 22 so very simply and process blade rim 16 simply and root of blade 12.But also it is contemplated that the cross section of other any kinds, as semicircle, polygonal or the like.
Connection area 36 among Fig. 1 has the elastic component 38 of single ripple 40 forms of connection area 36 at flow exit side.This list ripple 40 is compared with connection area 36 radial thicknesss, roughly has extend axially partly (the illustrating not in scale) of two sesquialters.Ripple 40 can be made by a block of material in when casting or in stamping-out, milling or when utilizing laser beam cutting, perhaps using under the situation that allows bending or draw piece, makes by the corresponding deformation of connection area.In back two kinds of methods, the cross section in ripple 40 zones is compared slightly with other constant substantially cross sections of connection area 36 and is reduced.
The connection area 36 of fixed body 22 shown in Figure 2 has the ripple as elastic component 38 equally, it constitute by half-wave 42 and with Fig. 1 in ripple 40 opposite being arranged on the flow admission side.As among all figure, for ease of observing, gap 18, fixed body 22 and elastic component 38 illustrate equally not in scale here.But the radially extension in gap 18 is equivalent to the radial thickness of connection area 36 substantially between root of blade terminal 13 and the radial groove bottom 15.
Fig. 3 and 4 mode of execution and the difference of front mode of execution be, root of blade 12 ' and radial groove 14 ' be swallow-tail form.Elastic component 38 also is to be made of ripple at flow exit side, wherein, is half as much again ripple 44 among Fig. 3, then is double wave 45 among Fig. 4.Root of blade 12 among Fig. 3 and 4 ' with radial groove 14 ' the different examples that develop simultaneously of swallowtail shape illustrate, as long as root of blade 12 and radial groove 14 with radially with tangent direction on guarantee stator blade 10 mode form groove-spring and be connected, foundation axial restraint device 20 of the present invention just can use in root of blade shape that all can be imagined and radial groove shape.
Foundation shown in Figure 5 axial restraint device 20 of the present invention is equivalent to device shown in Figure 1 in principle.But in this embodiment, petiolarea 26,26 ' and 28 produce by crooked in known manner, and replace single ripple or double wave, basic axially on the center of connection area 36 many ripples 48 are set.
As can know from Fig. 1 and 2 see, root of blade 12 on the elastic component 38 that constitutes by single ripple 40, double wave 45 or many ripples 48 at ripple 40,45, connection area 36 rubbing contact of 48 both sides and fixed body 22.Do like this and have advantage especially, because during operation and the radial force additional centrifugal force that applies by means of the elastic component 38 between root of blade terminal 13 and the radial groove bottom 15 act on fixed body 22 and blade 10, this centrifugal force at elastic component 38 by ripple 40, strengthened acting on the frictional force of elastic component both sides during 45,48 formations.In contrast, elastic component 38 causes root of blade 12 only at ripple 42 by constituting of half-wave 42 or half as much again ripple 44, on 44 the side with connection area 36 rubbing contact of fixed body 22, and under a plurality of ripple camber line situations at most and one or more ripple camber line 46 rubbing contact, this point in Fig. 3 by shown in the half as much again ripple 44.Except that half-wave and half as much again ripple, also can have the ripple of two sesquialters, three sesquialters or the like.Whether the part that extends axially of ripple is that half-wave, single ripple are irrelevant until the concrete formation of many ripples with them, can be in connection area 36 radial thicknesss roughly in the zone of twice to ten times.What have advantage is, single-piece upper blade root 12 is extending axially on the part and fixed body 22 rubbing contact of half at least roughly, and the there can make full use of action of centrifugal force better then.Elastic component 38 is as the formation of half-wave, Dan Bo etc., its extend axially part with and extend axially part with connection area 36 and compare setting in gap 18, depend on the active force and the geometrical shape of rotor, blade 10 and blade rim 16.
Unimportant with the concrete formation of fixing device 20, installation and removal are same simple all the time and rapidly: in the radial groove 14 of during installation fixed body 22 being packed into, make petiolarea 26 ' and 28 usefulness clamp two end faces 30,34 of blade rim 16 from behind.Then working blade 10 is radially inserted in the radial groove 14 on fixed body 22, wherein, must overcome the radial effect power that can be considered surface friction drag that applies by elastic component 38.Working blade continue is inserted in the radial groove 14, until it utilize the end face 32 of its flow exit side and first petiolarea 26,26 ' footpath outward flange 26 ' contact.Carry out in reverse order during dismounting.The bigger axial force that acts on flow direction A is by petiolarea 26,26 ' and 28 accept, and on reverse B the much smaller axial force of effect, and radially clamp the frictional force reaction that root of blade 12 produces by what in radial groove 14, apply by means of elastic component 38.
The reference numeral table
The direction that A flows from flow admission side
B is from the direction of flow exit side power
10 working-blades
12 roots of blade
13 root of blade ends
14 radial slots
15 radial grooves bottom
16 blade rims
18 radial clearances
20 axial restraint devices
22 fixed bodies
26,26 ' the first petiolarea
28 second petiolareas
30 blade rim flow exit side end faces
32 root of blade flow exit side end faces
34 blade rim flow admission side end faces
36 connection areas
38 elastic components
40 single ripples
42 half-waves
44 half as much again ripples
45 double waves
46 ripple camber lines
Ripple more than 48

Claims (10)

1. the axial restraint device of the working blade of the turbomachinery of axial flow (10), described working blade (10) radially with on the tangent direction is being fixed by means of the root of blade (12) in the radial groove (14) that axially inserts a blade rim (16), this axial restraint device (20) comprises a fixed body (22), this fixed body comprises axial first petiolarea (26,26 ') and axial second petiolarea (28), described first petiolarea and second petiolarea interconnect by connection area (36), this connection area (36) is arranged under the installment state of this fixed body (22) in the gap (18) that constitutes between root of blade end (13) and the radial groove bottom (15), wherein fix this fixed body (22) for the moving direction of relative this blade rim (16) adverse current, this first petiolarea (26 of this fixed body (22), 26 ') clamp a end face (30) from behind at this blade rim (16) of flow exit side, for relative this fixed body (22) is fixed this working blade (10) on flow direction, this first petiolarea (26 of this fixed body (22), 26 ') clamp a end face (32) from behind at this root of blade (12) of flow exit side, for relative this blade rim (16) is fixed this fixed body (22) on flow direction, this second petiolarea (28) of this fixed body (22) is clamped the end face (34) at this blade rim (16) of flow admission side from behind, it is characterized in that, for the moving direction of relative this fixed body (22) adverse current is fixed this working blade (10), this fixed body also has the elastic component (38) of a radial effect, this elastic component is connected with the frictional fit that this root of blade (12) is formed between this fixed body (22) and this working blade (10), and described frictional fit connection is applied in radical elasticity.
2. by the described axial restraint device of claim 1, it is characterized in that this elastic component (38) constitutes in the mode of the ripple (40,42,44,45,48) of this connection area (36).
3. by the described axial restraint device of claim 2, it is characterized in that, described ripple (40,42,44,45,48) extend axially the twice to ten times that part is equivalent to described connection area (36) radial thickness substantially.
4. by one of claim 1 to 3 described axial restraint device, it is characterized in that the radially extension in the described gap (18) between this root of blade end (13) and this radial groove bottom (15) is equivalent to the radial thickness of this connection area (36) substantially.
5. by the described axial restraint device of one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, this root of blade (12) under installment state its at least on half the axial length with this connection area (36) rubbing contact of this fixed body (22).
6. by one of claim 1 to 3 described axial restraint device, it is characterized in that the material of this fixed body (22) is a high-temperature steel.
7. by one of claim 1 to 3 described axial restraint device, it is characterized in that this fixed body (22) single-piece constitutes.
8. by one of claim 1 to 3 described axial restraint device, it is characterized in that described first petiolarea (26,26 ') and second petiolarea (28) constitute in the mode of solid flanges.
9. by the described axial restraint device of one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the stamping-out of this fixed body (22) by sheet material, burn into milling and/or make by laser.
10. by the described axial restraint device of claim 6, it is characterized in that the material of described fixed body (22) is a nickel-base alloy.
CNB038118467A 2002-05-24 2003-05-06 Axial securing means for impeller blades Expired - Fee Related CN100335749C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH875/2002 2002-05-24
CH8752002 2002-05-24
CH875/02 2002-05-24

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CN1656303A CN1656303A (en) 2005-08-17
CN100335749C true CN100335749C (en) 2007-09-05

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EP (1) EP1507958A1 (en)
KR (1) KR20050004188A (en)
CN (1) CN100335749C (en)
AU (1) AU2003226999A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003100220A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101285401B (en) * 2008-06-03 2010-06-02 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 Firtree -type bucket root steam turbine rotor blades and its locking notch vane

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EP1643082A1 (en) * 2004-09-30 2006-04-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine blade retention system
PL1944471T3 (en) * 2007-01-09 2010-02-26 Siemens Ag Axial rotor section for a rotor in a turbine
US8061995B2 (en) * 2008-01-10 2011-11-22 General Electric Company Machine component retention
DE102008013118B4 (en) * 2008-03-07 2014-03-27 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Arrangement for fastening turbine blades
CN101457657B (en) * 2008-12-30 2010-12-29 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 Axial positioning structure for firtree type blade root and blade
FR2978796B1 (en) * 2011-08-03 2013-08-09 Snecma TURBOMACHINE AUBES WHEEL
DE102012213227B3 (en) * 2012-07-27 2013-09-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Blade ring for a turbo machine
CN114458391A (en) * 2022-02-22 2022-05-10 中国联合重型燃气轮机技术有限公司 Turbine blade locking assembly

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GB2262139A (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-09 Rolls Royce Plc Fan blade retainer
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US2928651A (en) * 1955-01-21 1960-03-15 United Aircraft Corp Blade locking means
US2828942A (en) * 1955-08-01 1958-04-01 Orenda Engines Ltd Rotor blade and rotor blade assembly
US3248081A (en) * 1964-12-29 1966-04-26 Gen Electric Axial locating means for airfoils
US3598503A (en) * 1969-09-19 1971-08-10 United Aircraft Corp Blade lock
US4208170A (en) * 1978-05-18 1980-06-17 General Electric Company Blade retainer
GB2072760A (en) * 1980-03-29 1981-10-07 Rolls Royce Shrouded turbine rotor blade
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GB2262139A (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-09 Rolls Royce Plc Fan blade retainer
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101285401B (en) * 2008-06-03 2010-06-02 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 Firtree -type bucket root steam turbine rotor blades and its locking notch vane

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EP1507958A1 (en) 2005-02-23
CN1656303A (en) 2005-08-17
WO2003100220A1 (en) 2003-12-04
KR20050004188A (en) 2005-01-12
AU2003226999A1 (en) 2003-12-12

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