CH718044A2 - Electromechanical assembly comprising a tool capable of vibrating and method for mounting such a tool. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromechanical assembly comprising: a tool (100) capable of vibrating under vibratory excitation, said tool comprising a fixing face, a mounting hole (138), and at least two fixing holes (140). During vibration at a predefined working frequency f0, at least one area of the tool forms a functional area which exhibits deformation during said vibrational excitation, and at least two areas of the tool form nodal areas (180), each fixing hole (140) being placed in a nodal zone, a vibratory device able to generate a frequency f0 and fixed by said mounting hole (138), a support element comprising at least two fixing holes, and elements of assembly making it possible to connect the tool (100) to the support element via the attachment holes (140) of the tool (100) and of the support element.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to the assembly between a vibrating tool and a non-vibrating support element, namely which remains static and undeformed during the vibratory excitation of the vibrating tool.

[0002] The term “vibrating tool” or “tool capable of vibrating” is used in this text to refer to a tool which is used when this tool is subjected to vibration, in order to carry out the operation for which this tool is intended. For example, sonotrode type ultrasonic tools are vibrating tools used for the application of ultrasound in various processes. According to another example, the boosters used for fixing and increasing vibration amplitude in ultrasonic systems are also vibrating tools.

[0003] Among ultrasonic systems, mention may be made, without limitation, of plastic welding systems, such as electric ultrasonic welding presses, sealing, slicing, cutting or ultrasonic assembly systems. These systems or installations make it possible in particular to carry out the following industrial applications: welding of plastic and metal parts, cutting food, textiles, plastic, organic fabrics, the cleaning of parts by ultrasonic baths, powder sieving....

[0004] Such a vibrating tool is a tool subjected to vibratory excitation which transfers this excitation to another element. This element can be a fluidic element, a gaseous element, a liquid element, a flexible and two-dimensional element such as for example a fabric, or a solid element such as another metal part for example. According to one possibility, this tool is metallic. According to one possibility, this tool forms an integral whole. In particular, but in a non-limiting manner, this tool is subjected to vibrational excitation of the ultrasound type.

In particular, according to one possibility, this tool forms a sonotrode, namely a metal part subjected to excitation in the form of an ultrasound wave and which restores this excitation to another element. Ultrasonic waves are understood as waves having a frequency between 20 KHz and 70 KHz. Thus, the sonotrode resonates in frequency by "contracting" and "expanding" x times per second (x being the frequency) in an amplitude generally of a few micrometers (for example from 13 to 130 µm approximately).

The present invention also relates to an electromechanical assembly with a vibratory system comprising such a vibrating tool (or tool capable of vibrating), a support element for the vibrating tool, which is non-vibrating, as well as assembly elements allowing to connect to the support element....

State of the art

In these vibratory systems, there are conventionally various functional components, including an ultrasound generator, a frame, a support table, a fixing head movable relative to the frame: a piezoelectric converter (or transducer) which is electrically connected to the ultrasonic generator and which is mounted on the attachment head; this transducer has the function of transforming the electrical frequency into mechanical vibrations of the same frequency, a booster, or amplitude modifier, mounted on the transducer and which makes it possible to increase or reduce the amplitude produced by the transducer, and a sonotrode mounted on the booster and which transmits the ultrasonic energy to the part to be welded or to be cut and which forms the last element downstream of the acoustic chain, and forms the working tool.

[0008] This tool has a geometry and a dimension depending on various parameters, including: the vibrational frequency used for excitation, the contact zone or useful surface of the sonotrode which is used to apply and retransmit the vibratory energy, and to accomplish a task... To this end, currently the designers of sonotrode start from a round or square bar of material which is adjusted: in length to roughly match the frequency of excitation, by different geometric details to match the application and the excitation frequency that will be used (finer adjustment). Among the different types of known sonotrodes, a frequent form of sonotrode corresponds to a generally conical shape for welding or else a shape of chisel or blade with a triangular section for cutting (linear sonotrode).

[0009] Furthermore, a tool of the sonotrode type comprises not only a useful zone or working zone but also specific zones at least for mounting the tool in the vibration excitation transmission chain (this chain forming a vibratory system), and for the useful area or work area.

[0010] This vibratory system comprises, possibly at the level of the tool or of another part, at least one specific zone for fixing this vibratory system in the installation or the machine. For example, conventionally the booster comprises an annular flange facing the vibration nodal point, in order to allow the rigid fixing of the vibratory system on a support such as a machine frame. Advantage is therefore taken of the existence of a nodal zone to effect this fixing. Such a nodal zone is a zone surrounding a nodal point, and in which the deformation is very limited, this deformation being zero in one or more directions at the location of the nodal point.

[0011] The fact that the vibratory system can only be fixed at the nodal point on the booster prevents the vibratory system from being used for other applications, in particular due to the size of this method of fixing. In addition, the sonotrode can only be in contact with the part to be treated by this sonotrode forming a tool, otherwise if another element comes into contact with the sonotrode, there would result a seizing effect harmful to the smooth running of the treatment. of the room.

[0012] The document EP2300217 describes a system for fixing sonotrodes. In the document, EP2300217, the support comprises a contact part having an inner bearing surface which is used to contact the sonotrode. A flange extends outward from the connecting shaft and terminates in an outer perimeter. An annular mounting portion is attached to the flange between the contact portion and the outer perimeter. The ring mount portion is constructed such that it resonates at approximately the predetermined frequency, and in operation the contact portion of the mount is coupled to the sonotrode at a point forming an outer bearing surface where the sonotrode forms a node at said predetermined frequency.

[0013] The documents US1805284912 and US1806022016 describe a system for fixing a transducer and sonotrode assembly. In the document US1805284912, there is proposed a support structure interface positioned at a node of longitudinal oscillating movement of the transducer; a support structure spaced from the horn and extending from the support structure interface in a direction substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the horn; and a flange mounted on the support structure at the node of radial oscillating movement of the support structure. US1806022016 provides an integrated bending assembly for dynamic isolation of ultrasonic transducers for use with a wire-wiring machine. The transducer has a generally elongated body having front, rear and main portions. The transducer has mounting flanges for mounting the transducer to the cabling machine. The mounting flanges have at least two built-in flexes that connect the mounting flange to the main body portion of the transducer and define at least one flex port.

[0014] For systems for fixing a tool or other vibrating element, the problem arises of taking into account the various components of the deformation in vibratory operation. In general, a compromise is made for the choice of the fixing location in order to take into account both the axial component and the radial component of the deformation, so that the fixing point is as close as possible to both an axial nodal point and a radial nodal point. Flanges or other protruding portions are used to serve as a fixing zone and disturb the vibratory behavior of the sonotrode.

It is understood that the sonotrode fixing systems proposed hitherto are complex, and require different parts for assembly, require significant assembly and disassembly time and have geometries and dimensions which limit the possible applications of the sonotrode.

Brief summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide an electromechanical assembly with vibratory system performing the assembly between a vibrating tool and a support element and which is free from the limitations of known vibratory systems.

Another object of the invention is to provide an electromechanical assembly with a vibratory system performing the mounting between a vibrating tool and a support element which is simple and avoids having to equip the vibrating tool with a mounting flange, a annular flange or any other protruding portion. Indeed, such an assembly portion added to the vibrating tool not only disturbs the vibratory behavior of the tool but also adds bulk which limits the possibilities of installing the vibrating tool and the vibratory system. ..

According to the invention, these objects are achieved in particular by means of an electromechanical assembly with a vibratory system comprising: a tool able to vibrate when it is subjected to a vibratory excitation of frequency f, said tool comprising a fixing face, a mounting hole located outside the fixing face, and at least two fixing holes opening onto said face fixing, said tool being arranged so that during vibration at a predefined working frequency f0, at least one zone of the tool forms a functional zone which exhibits deformation during said vibratory excitation, and at least two zones of the tool form nodal zones, each fixing hole being placed in a nodal zone, a vibrating device able to generate a frequency f0, a support element comprising at least two attachment holes spaced apart from each other by the same distance as the two attachment holes of the tool, and assembly elements making it possible to connect the tool to the support element when each fixing hole of the tool is aligned with a fixing hole of the supporting element, said tool being fixed to the vibratory device by said hole disassembly.

[0019] This solution has the particular advantage over the prior art of not requiring the tool to have an additional part, protruding, to make the attachment of the vibrating tool to the support element. It is understood that the nodal zones of the tool are used to place therein the fixing holes which are found facing the fixing holes of the support element, which makes it possible to place between these two pairs of fixing holes assembly elements.

[0020] These nodal zones are distinguished from the functional zones of the tool by a different behavior under vibratory excitation, with a different deformation, of lesser amplitude and/or of a different nature. The vibrating tool has a geometry which has nodal points surrounded by nodal zones making it possible, via the fixing holes, to fix the tool to a support element, rigid and fixed exterior, while retaining the freedom required for the propagation of the mechanical wave and the vibratory excitation of the tool in its own mode outside the nodal zones, and in particular in the functional zones. It is indeed possible according to the invention to maintain the vibrating tool on the support element in three directions in a sufficiently precise manner, while allowing the tool to vibrate without restriction. The functional zone corresponds to a zone of the tool with a significant variation in deformation, of high amplitude, which is used as mechanical vibration during the implementation of the vibrating tool.

[0021] This solution has the particular advantage over the prior art of making it possible to directly hold the vibrating tool (for example as a sonotrode) on a machine or a system, and this at least means of fixing holes placed in the nodal zones.

[0022] In this way, thanks in particular to the geometry of the tool which does not comprise a projecting portion for fixing, the natural mode of vibration of the tool is not disturbed.

In addition, possibly, one and/or other of the following provisions is (are) adopted in the context of the present invention: said deformation of the functional zone corresponds to a deformation in elongation and in contraction of the fixing face; in said nodal zones the fixing face is free from deformation in elongation and in contraction; in said nodal zones the tool undergoes deformation in alternating rotation centered on the axis of the fixing orifice.

The invention also relates to a method for mounting a vibrating tool on a non-vibrating (static) support element, comprising the following steps: supply of a tool capable of vibrating when it is subjected to a vibratory excitation of frequency f0, said tool comprising a fixing face, a mounting hole located outside the fixing face, and at least two fixing holes leading to said fixing face, said tool being arranged so that during vibration at a predefined working frequency f0, at least one zone of the tool forms a functional zone which exhibits a deformation during said vibratory excitation at said working frequency predefined f0, and at least two zones of the tool form nodal zones, each fixing hole being placed in a nodal zone,, supply of a vibratory device capable of generating a frequency f0, provision of a support element comprising at least two attachment holes spaced apart from each other by the same distance as the two attachment holes of the tool, supply of assembly elements capable of connecting the tool to the support element, mounting said tool to the vibratory device through said mounting hole, placement of the tool facing the support element with each fixing hole of the tool aligned with a fixing hole of the support element, assembly of the assembly elements between the tool and the support element, these assembly elements being at least partly housed in the fixing holes of the tool and in the fixing holes of the support element, activation of the vibratory device, whereby the tool enters into vibration with a different deformation between the functional zone and the nodal zones, and whereby the support element remains static.

[0025] The support element remaining static and being rigid, it makes it possible to block the end of the deformation chain and in particular to block the position of the end of the assembly elements mounted on the support element and thus to maintain the position of the tool without disturbing the proper deformation mode of the tool at the frequency f0.

In a first embodiment of assembly between a vibrating tool and a support element according to the invention, the assembly elements act as torsion springs, a first end of the assembly elements being connected to the support element and remaining static and fixed during the vibratory excitation, and a second end of the assembly elements being connected to the vibrating tool and driven in torsion by the rotating nodal zone.

[0027] In particular, the second end of the assembly elements form, with the tool attachment holes, an integral connection.

In a second embodiment of assembly between a vibrating tool and a support element according to the invention, the second end of the assembly elements forms, with the tool attachment holes, a pivot connection around axis A1 of the tool mounting holes.

Brief description of figures

Examples of implementation of the invention are indicated in the description illustrated by the appended figures in which: Figure 1 illustrates in perspective a first type of vibrating tool according to a first version usable in an electromechanical assembly, Figure 2 is a graphic representation of the deformation of the tool of Figure 1 over a vibration period P, with the vibration amplitude A on the ordinate and the time on the abscissa, FIG. 3 corresponds to FIG. 1 with a portion in section along a plane parallel to the plane P2 or to the plane (Y, Z), at the location of one of the fixing holes which passes through between the first main face and the second main side, FIG. 4 is a view similar to that of FIG. 3 for a second version of the first type of vibrating tool, in which the fixing orifice 140 is a blind hole opening onto the first main face, Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 3 for a third version of the first type of vibrating tool, in which the fixing orifice 140 is through and extends in a boss in the form of a hollow cylinder, Figure 6 is a view similar to that of Figure 3 for a fourth version of the first type of vibrating tool, in which the fixing hole 140 is not through and only extends in a cylinder-shaped boss hollow, FIG. 7 illustrates in perspective and in section the mounting between the fourth version of the first type of vibrating tool of FIG. 6 on a support element, which corresponds to a first variant of a first embodiment of mounting between a vibrating tool and a support element, Figure 8 is an exploded perspective of Figure 7, FIG. 9 represents, in side view and in perspective, the assembly of FIG. 7, at two moments P/4 and 3P/4 of the vibration period P when the vibrating tool is in vibratory excitation, with the graphic representation of this vibratory excitation with the amplitude of the vibration amplitude A on the ordinate and the time t on the abscissa, FIG. 10 illustrates, in perspective and in section, the assembly between the third version of the first type of vibrating tool of FIG. 5 on a support element, which corresponds to a second variant of the first embodiment of assembly between a vibrating tool and a support element, Figure 11 is an exploded perspective of Figure 10, Figure 12 illustrates in perspective and in section the assembly between the first version of the first type of vibrating tool of Figure 3 on a support element, which corresponds to a second embodiment of assembly between a vibrating tool and an element support, Figure 13 is an exploded perspective of Figure 12, Figure 14 illustrates in perspective and in section the mounting between the second version of the first type of vibrating tool of Figure 4 on a support element, which corresponds to a third variant of the first embodiment of mounting between a vibrating tool and a support element, Figure 15 is an exploded perspective of Figure 14, FIG. 16 represents in perspective the assembly between a second type of vibrating tool on a support element, which corresponds to a second variant of the first embodiment of assembly between a vibrating tool and a support element, in which the tool is used as a machining insert support in the case of manufacturing a part of revolution, Figure 17 is an exploded perspective of Figure 16, Figure 18 is a side view of an ultrasonic drilling machine using a third type of vibrating tool on a support member, according to the third variation of the first mounting embodiment Figure 19 is an exploded perspective representation of the ultrasonic drilling machine of Figure 18 Figure 20 is an exploded perspective representation of an electromechanical assembly in which a fourth type of vibrating tool is used as an injection mold, and is mounted on a support element forming part of the outer casing, according to the second mounting embodiment.

Example(s) of embodiment of the invention

Reference is made to Figure 1 showing a vibrating tool 100 according to a first type which may be suitable for mounting the electromechanical assembly according to the invention.

The vibrating tool of this first type, illustrated in Figures 1 to 15, is available in an overall T-shape. This general T-shape makes it possible to identify a flattened head-shaped portion (head portion 102 ) and a leg-shaped portion (leg portion 104), the two portions each defining a main direction. Preferably, the main direction X of the head portion 102 is orthogonal to the main direction Z of the leg portion 104.

There is a first main face 110 (at the front in Figure 1) and a second main face 120 (hidden at the rear in Figure 1), flat and parallel to each other and between which the outline of the The tool 100 follows a border 130. This border 130 consists of a continuous surface connecting the first main face 110 to the second main face 120, being perpendicular to the first main face 110 and the second main face 120. The depth P of the tool 100 corresponds to the distance separating the first main face 110 from the second main face 120, along an axis Y (third direction Y). The outline of the first main face 110 and of the second main face 120 delimits the T-shape, with a head portion 102 extending along a main direction parallel to the first direction (X), this head portion being extended in direction of an axis Z (second direction Z) by a leg portion 104, itself extending along a main direction parallel to the second direction (Z).

This border 130 encircles the tool 100. This border 130 defines four opposite faces two by two which delimit the four sides of the first main face 110 and the second main face 120. This border 130 defines two end faces 131 and 134 on two opposite sides of the tool. Between these two end faces 131 and 134 the length L of the tool 100 is defined (along the axis Z). This border 130 also defines two side faces 133 and 135 or flanks on the other two opposite sides of the tool 100. Between these two side faces 133 and 135 the width I of the tool is defined (along an axis X orthogonal to the Z axis) at the location of the head portion 102. The end face 131 of the head portion 102 being more extended in the direction of the X axis than the end face 134 of the leg portion 104 .

In this tool 100 of Figures 1 to 15, the side faces 133 and 135 have a curved section 133a, 135a convex in the head portion 102 and a plane section 133b, 135b and parallel to the Z direction in the portion of leg 104. This curved section 133a, 135a convex comprises a part delimiting the end of the head portion 102 and which is in the form of a portion of a circular section cylinder: in other words, the outline of the first main face 110 and of the second main face 120 in the ends of the head portion 102 is an arc of a circle.

The X, Y, Z axes define an orthogonal reference. The tool 100 of the first type has two planes of symmetry P1 and P2, orthogonal to each other. The first plane of symmetry P1 is a plane of symmetry for the tool 100, parallel to the plane (X, Z), located between the first main face 110 and the second main face 120 (it is an average plane with respect to the first main face 110 and second main face 120). The second plane of symmetry P2 is a plane of symmetry for the tool 100, parallel to the plane (Y, Z), between the two side faces 133 and 135.

The tool 100 forms a solid object which has the following orifices: a mounting hole 138 extends into the tool 100 from the end face 131, for example in the form of a bore or a thread, in the center of the end face 131 to respect the symmetry of the tool 100 and allow correct operation when subjected to vibratory excitation; optimally, said mounting hole 138 is centered on one of the end faces 131 or 133, with said mounting hole 138 being at the intersection of the first plane P1 and the second plane P2; optionally, another mounting hole 138 extends into tool 100 from other end face 134; preferably and in the cases shown, this mounting orifice 138 or these mounting orifices 138 present(s) a circular section and are rectilinear (in the second direction Y); more generally, the mounting hole(s) 138 open out into the edge 130 and are capable of connecting said tool 100 to an element exhibiting vibratory energy which will excite the tool 100. and two fixing holes 140 extend throughout the depth P of the tool 100 from the first main face 110, and are distributed symmetrically with respect to the planes of symmetry P1 and P2. These fixing holes 140 are for example in the form of a bore or an internal thread; preferably and in the cases shown, this fixing hole 140 or these fixing holes 140 present(s) a circular section and are straight (in the direction Y), the axis A1 of the fixing holes 140 is parallel to the third direction Y, therefore orthogonal to the main faces 110 and 120.

[0037] The mounting orifice 138 (or the two mounting orifices) which open(s) into the border 130 ser(ven) to connect the tool 100 to an element presenting a vibratory energy or vibratory device, so either directly or indirectly. This element having a vibrational energy generates a mechanical vibration at a certain frequency f0. This element is for example a transducer or a vibratory device with piezoelectric stimulation (which comprises for example a stack of piezoelectric discs and electrodes, this stack being excited by an electric current). In the event of the presence of two mounting holes, the other mounting hole 138 can be used to connect the tool 100, directly or indirectly, to another element of the vibration excitation transmission chain. (this chain forming a vibratory system). The mounting hole(s) 138, as well as the fixing hole(s) 140 are for example bores, and in particular threaded bores (tappings).

[0038] The fixing hole or holes 140 open(s) only into the first main face 110 (case of the second version of the tool of the first type in FIG. 4, and case of the fourth version of the tool of the first type in Figure 6 and in Figures 7, 8, 9, 14 and 15) or only in the second main face 120 (case not shown) or both in the first main face 110 and in the second face main 120 (case of the first version of the tool of the first type in Figures 1 to 3, 10, 11, 12 and 13 and the third version of the tool of the first type in Figures 5, 10, 11) . Thus, the fixing hole(s) 140 can be through holes, or non-through holes such as blind holes which are open on either of the first main face and the second main face (in this case, the various fixing holes 140 can all open on the same face—preferably—or else some on the first main face and others on the second main face).

[0039] The fixing hole or holes 140 ser(ven)t to fix the tool 100, directly or indirectly, to another element which is intended to act as a fixing support for the tool 100 and the entire vibratory system which is directly or indirectly attached to it. The attachment hole(s) 140 may have different shapes and dimensions, remaining centered on and limited in extension over the nodal zones 180. The attachment hole(s) 140 may allow a rod housed in this attachment hole but not connected to a fixed part, to rotate according to an alternating rotational movement, for example in an assembly forming a drill, as will be described later in relation to Figures 18 and 19.

In the versions shown of the first type of tool (FIGS. 1 to 15), the second type of tool (FIGS. 16 and 17) and the fourth type of tool (FIG. 20), the head portion 102 comprises two fixing holes 140 of circular section located in the two end parts of the head portion 102. According to one possibility, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 17 and 20, the fixing holes 140 are arranged inside curved sections 133a, 135a delimiting the two ends of the head portion 102, with a curved contour, for example in the form of circular arcs, formed along the contour of the first main face 110 and of the second main face 120 in the ends of the head portion 102.

In the embodiments shown, the fixing hole(s) 140 remain centered on and limited in extension to the nodal zones 180 of the tool 100. The fixing hole(s) 140 can allow a rod housed in this fixing hole but not connected to a fixed part, to rotate according to an alternating rotational movement, for example in an assembly forming a drill. Alternatively, the fixing hole(s) 140 can allow a rod housed in this fixing hole and connected to a fixed part to remain housed in the fixing hole 140 via a pivot connection allowing alternating rotational deformation of the nodal zone. . Alternatively, the attachment hole(s) 140 may allow a rod housed and tightly secured in this attachment hole, to act as a torsion spring with the end attached to the tool being deformed by rotation in alternating directions around the axis of the fixing hole, and the other end of the rod tightly fixed (fixed fixing) to a static support element which also remains static.

Also, in the case of the third version of the tool of the first type illustrated in Figure 5, we find the tool 100 of Figures 1 to 3 with bosses 141 in the form of hollow cylinders delimiting a portion of the fixing hole 140 corresponding and forming an extension of the tool 100 on the first main face 110. Also, in the case of the fourth version of the tool of the first type illustrated in Figure 6, there is the tool 100 of Figure 4 with bosses 141 in the form of hollow cylinders delimiting a portion of the corresponding fixing hole 140 and forming an extension of the tool 100 on the first main face 110. In the case of Figure 5 (third version of the tool of the first type), the fixing orifices 140 pass right through the tool 100 by completely crossing the mass part of the tool 100 (which corresponds to the tool in its version of FIG. 8) and the bosses 141. In the case of Figure 6, the orifices The fasteners 140 do not cross the tool 100 right through by not extending into the solid part of the tool 100 (which corresponds to the tool in its version of FIGS. 1 to 3) but only crossing the bosses 141. In an intermediate case (not illustrated), the fixing orifices 140 do not pass right through the tool 100 while extending a little into the solid part of the tool 100 (which corresponds to the tool in its version of Figures 1 to 3) and also crossing the bosses 141, the fixing holes 140 also emerging at the free end of the bosses 141: in fact the realization of a bore in the form of a blind hole from the free end of the bosses 141 can generate an extension of this fixing hole 140 over the entire length of the boss 141 and beyond (for example over a few millimeters) in the solid part of the tool 100.

There are, for all the tools used in the context of the present invention, nodal zones 180 surrounding the fixing holes 140 and the limit of which is represented by dashed lines in figs 1 to 4. Indeed, the fixing holes 140 are placed at the location of nodal points of the tool 100, and therefore remain in a position which is fixed in the tool and which remains identical with respect to the other fixing holes 140. It is understood that these nodal zones 180 extend throughout the depth of the tool 100, around each fixing orifice 140, between the first main face 110 and the second main face 120. In particular, two nodal zones 180 are formed. , as in the figures, there are two nodal zones 180 on which the fixing points are centered (fixing holes 140 with or without bosses 141). These two nodal zones 180 are distributed symmetrically on either side of the plane of symmetry P2. The two nodal zones 180 are preferably and in the case of the variants shown in all the figures, along the X axis, located at a point located in the part of the head portion 102 which protrudes on either side of the leg portion 104: thus, these two nodal zones 180 are located on either side of the plane of symmetry P2, and not in the extension along the second direction Z of the leg portion 104 Outside the nodal zones 180 , are formed functional zones 190 exhibiting a deformation during the vibration of the tool 100 and capable of constituting a working zone for the vibration of the tool or of another element to be vibrated during the use of the tool 100. These functional zones 190 extend in particular in the leg portion 104, and in particular between the free end of the leg portion (end face 134) and the adjustment orifice 160 if it exists, as will be described below.

It is understood from the above that thanks to this tool of suitable shape, at least two fixing holes 140 are each centered on one of said nodal zones 180. One thus uses (at least) two nodal zones 180 to place one by one the (at least) two fixing holes 140. It is thus possible to have a vibrating tool 100 directly attached by quasi-undeformed zones to a part or an intermediate element which is thus not subjected to vibrations of the tool 100 is therefore not vibrating. It is therefore possible to avoid having to resort to a fixing system attached to the booster as in the prior art, which, in addition to simplification, also saves space.

It is understood from the above that thanks to this tool 100 of suitable shape, there is also one or more functional zones 190 vibrating and deforming, in particular with a large amplitude of deformation, in this case a variation greater deformation than in the nodal zones 180. These functional zones 190 can thus be used as a zone for transmitting a mechanical vibration to another element working thanks to this vibratory energy, or whose efficiency is improved thanks to this energy vibratory.

In the case of the first type of tool 100 of Figures 1 to 15, the first main face 110 and the second main face 120 remain essentially flat (except possibly the bosses 141) and parallel to each other. Also, as can be seen in Figures 1 to 15, it is the border 130 which has a chamfer along the sections of the side faces 133 and 135 of the leg portion 104, which therefore has a width according to the direction X which is reduced from the head portion in the direction of the free end of the leg portion 104 or end face 134. In another case not shown of the first type of tool 100, the four faces of the leg portion 104 are chamfered, the leg portion 104 forming a truncated pyramid with a rectangular base.

[0047] Thus, it is understood that the head portion 102 of the tool 100 of the first type defines the means for attaching the tool to the static support element, and the leg portion 104 defines the means for propagating the vibratory wave which passes through the tool from the vibratory device. The geometry of the chamfer on the edge 130 is defined according to the static resistance (maximum stress that the tool will have to take up) and the amplification of the deformation that we will want to create between the junction portion, between the head portion 102 and the leg portion 104, and the end face 134. The greater the angle of this chamfer, the greater the deformation amplification. There is generally always an amplification of the deformation of the tool between the end face 131 of the head portion (on which the vibratory device is mounted via the mounting hole 138) and the end face 134 ( on which is mounted another element to be vibrated during the use of the tool 100, via another mounting hole 138).

This tool 100 of the first type also has in the case of Figures 1 to 15 and 20 a single adjustment orifice 160. In the case of the tool of the second type of Figures 16 and 17, the tool 100 in double T, comprises two adjustment orifices 160. According to other possibilities, the tool comprises several adjustment orifices 160. This or these adjustment orifice(s) 160 is (are) crossing(s) in the tool 100, and it (s) extends between the first main face 110 and the second main face 120 in the direction Y. In the case of Figures 1 to 15, the single adjustment orifice 160 is located so centered on the second plane of symmetry P2, parallel to the plane (Y, Z). In particular, this adjustment orifice 160 is arranged in an area of the leg portion 104 which is adjacent to the head portion 102. In particular, this adjustment orifice 160 is arranged in the area of the leg portion 104 which is connected to the head portion 102: in the presence of recesses 133d, 135d forming fillets on the side faces 133 and 135, this adjustment orifice 160 is arranged in alignment with these two recesses 133d, 135d forming fillets. Also, it can be seen that this adjustment orifice 160 makes it possible to increase the flexibility of the tool 100 and its amplitude of deformation during its vibration. This or these adjustment orifice(s) 160 makes it possible in particular to adjust the working frequency f0 of the tool 100. The presence of this or these adjustment orifice(s) 160 also makes it possible to retain nodal zones 180. The number and arrangement of these adjustment orifices 160 can therefore vary from one vibrating tool to another.

[0049] Figure 2 shows the tool 100 of Figures 1 and 3 when it is subjected to a vibratory energy according to a working frequency f0, corresponding in particular to its natural mode, at two different times corresponding to the two extreme deformations, respectively a deformation in maximum contraction and a deformation in maximum elongation along the Z axis. These two different moments correspond to the maximum amplitudes of the positive phase (t/4) and of the negative phase (3/4t) of the period P of the 'vibration wave which crosses the tool 100. The period of vibration of the system being defined by a time interval P, the maximum amplitude of elongation takes place at the moment t=P/4 (t/4) and the maximum amplitude of contraction takes place at times t= 3P/4 (3t/4). In this figure 2, we also see the direction of rotation of the nodal points according to the two phases of the vibration period, by the arrows surrounding the two end parts of the head portion. Thus, the material surrounding the nodal points, therefore surrounding the fixing holes 140 and located in the nodal zones surrounding the fixing holes has: a first direction of rotation during the tool contraction phase, a phase comprised between the times [0 and t/4] as well as [3t/4 and t] of the period P, which direction of rotation is different for the two end portions of the head portion 102 (image on the right side of Figure 2, at 3t/4, with the right end portion surrounded by a counterclockwise arrow and the left end surrounded by a clockwise arrow) and a second direction of rotation, contrary to the first direction of rotation, during the tool elongation phase, a phase between the times [t/4 and 3t/4] of the period P, (image in the center of the Figure 2, at / 4, with the right end part surrounded by a clockwise arrow and the left end part surrounded by an anti-clockwise arrow). It can be seen in FIG. 9 that the end face 131 deforms taking on a curved shape, the profile of which (projection on the first main face 110) is alternately convex (on the representation of the tool 100 at the top of the 9) and concave (on the representation of the tool 100 at the bottom of FIG. 9), and the spatial extension in the direction of the X axis, i.e. in the main direction of the head portion 102, changes from a maximum (distance between the curved section 133a, 135a of the side faces 133, 135 on the top of figure 9) to a minimum (distance between the curved section 133a, 135a of the side faces 133, 135 on the bottom of figure 9 ). We also see in this figure 9 that the leg portion 104 remains generally straight but contracts and stretches in the direction of the Z axis or main direction of the leg portion 104.

Reference is made to Figures 7 and 8 showing the first embodiment of the assembly according to a first variant between the tool according to the fourth version of the first type (see Figure 6) and a support element 801 in the form of a plate. For this purpose, the support element 801 also comprises two fixing holes 802 in the form of through openings, separated from each other by the same distance as the fixing holes 140 of the tool 100 (which here extend in the bosses 141). In this case, to implement the assembly between the tool 100 and the support element 801, assembly elements are used in the form of fixing screws 233 passing through the fixing hole 802 of the support element. 801 and extending into fastener hole 140, with the head of fastener screw 233 against the face of support member 801 facing away from tool 100. either at the level of the connection between the fixing screw 233 and the fixing orifice 802 of the support element 801 and between the fixing screw 233 and the tool. There exists at the level of the nodal zone 180 under the vibratory excitation of the tool 100, a deformation in alternating rotation which the free end of the fixing screw 233 and the base of the boss 141 extending from the first face undergo. main 110 (and/or 120) of the tool 100, which act as a torsion spring, the other end of the fixing screw 233 as well as the end of the boss 141 fixed on the support element 801 remaining static .

In the present text, the main face 110 (and/or 120) of the tool 100 which faces the support element 801 which remains static, is also called the fixing face.

Reference is made to Figures 10 and 11 showing the first embodiment of the assembly according to a second variant between the tool according to the third version of the first type (see Figure 5) and a support element 801 in the form of a plate. For this purpose, the support element 801 also comprises two fixing holes 802 in the form of through openings, separated from each other by the same distance as the fixing holes 140 of the tool 100 (which here extend in the bosses 141 and throughout the thickness of the tool). In this case also, to implement the assembly between the tool 100 and the support element 801, assembly elements are used in the form of fixing screws 233 passing through the fixing orifice 802 of the fixing element. support 801 and extending in the fixing hole 140, therefore between the first main face 110 and the second main face 120 and also in the boss 141. In the case illustrated, the head of the fixing screw 233 is against the second main face 120 of the tool 100 while the bosses 141 extend from the first main face 110 and the free end of the bosses bears against the face of the support element 801 facing towards the tool 100. This assembly is a tight assembly whether at the level of the connection between the fixing screw 233 and the fixing hole 802 of the support element 801 and between the fixing screw 233 and the tool 100 It exists at the level of the nodal zone 180 under the vibratory excitation of the tool. l 100, an alternating rotational deformation undergone by the portion of the fixing screw 233 comprising the head and the boss 141, which act as a torsion spring, the free end of the fixing screw 233 as well as the free end of the boss 141 fixed on the support element 801 remaining static.

Reference is made to Figures 14 and 15 showing the first embodiment of the assembly according to a third variant between the tool according to the second version of the first type (see Figure 4) and a support element 801 in the form of a plate. For this purpose, the support element 801 also comprises two fixing holes 802 in the form of through openings, separated from each other by the same distance as the fixing holes 140 of the tool 100 (which here extend in a part of the thickness of the tool 100 from the first main face). In this case, to implement the assembly between the tool 100 and the support element 801, assembly elements are used comprising, for each pair of fixing holes 140, 802, a fixing screw 233 and a fixing sleeve 234. The fixing sleeve 234 is arranged between the tool 100 and the support element 801, in alignment with the fixing holes 140 and 802. The fixing screw 233 passes through the fixing hole 802 of the support element 801, the fixing sleeve 234 and extends as far as the fixing hole 140. This assembly is a tight fitting whether at the level of the connection between the fixing screw 233 and the hole 802 of the support element 801 only between the fixing screw 233 and the fixing hole 140 of the tool 100. It exists at the level of the nodal zone 180 under the vibratory excitation of the tool 100 , an alternating rotational deformation undergone by the free end of the fixing screw 233 housed in the fixing orifice 140 of the tool and the free end of the sleeve pressed against the tool 100. Thus, the fixing screw 233 and the associated sleeve 234 act as a torsion spring, the section of which on the tool side 100 is deformed according to this rotation alternating and whose other section on the side of the support element 801 remains static.

Reference is made to Figures 12 and 13 showing the second embodiment of the assembly according to a first variant between the tool according to the first version of the first type (see Figures 1 to 3) and a support element 801 in the form of plaque. For this purpose, the support element 801 also comprises two attachment holes 802 in the form of through openings, separated from each other by the same distance as the attachment holes 140 of the tool 100 (which are through and extend here in the full thickness of tool 100). In this case, to implement the assembly between the tool 100 and the support element 801, assembly elements are used comprising, for each pair of fixing holes 140, 802, a fixing rod 233' , a guide sleeve 236 and two spacers 237 (washers). Guide sleeve 236 is fitted through the full extent of mounting hole 140 tightly. The fixing rod 233' has a head against which a washer 237 bears, the section of the fixing rod 233' extending from the head being housed in the guide sleeve 236 with assembly play (and possibly lubricant) allowing the guide sleeve 236 to rotate around the fixing rod 233' (or vice versa). A second washer 237 is placed around the fixing rod 233' between the tool 100 and the support element 801. The free end of the fixing rod 233' is threaded and cooperates with the fixing hole 802 of the support element 801 to form a tight connection between them. This second mounting embodiment is a tight mounting at the connection between the fixing rod 233 'and the fixing hole 802 of the support element 801 and a pivoting mounting between the fixing rod 233' and the 'tool 100 (also between fixing rod 233' and guide sleeve 236). There exists at the level of the nodal zone 180 under the vibratory excitation of the tool 100 at the natural frequency of the tool f0, a deformation in alternating rotation which the guide sleeve 236 undergoes which rotates around the fixing rod 233 ', the free end of the fixing rod 233' being fixed on the support element 801 and remaining static.

[0055] In this way, again, as in the case of the assembly according to the first embodiment, the connection between the tool 100 and the support element 801 can be made by absorbing the slight deformation of the tool in the nodal zone 180 which has the fixing hole 140 and without affecting the zone of the support element 801 which receives this connection, that is to say at the level of the fixing holes 802.

[0056] Figures 16 and 17 show an electromechanical assembly with vibratory system with an assembly according to the second variant of the first embodiment using a second type of tool 100 which has the overall shape of a double T with the two Ts aligned and superimposed .

In the case of Figures 16 and 17, the double tool 100 comprises two T-shaped parts which conform to the third version of the tool of the first type previously described in relation to Figure 5. Each part in T-shape of this tool comprises two fixing holes 140 in the corresponding head part, which fixing holes 140 pass through the tool between the first and the second main face and are surrounded by a boss 141, whereby this tool 100 can be mounted in a rigid attachment on a support element 802 directly or indirectly supporting the tool (and not vibrating), such as a machine frame or a support plate. This second type of tool 100 offers the advantage of having two pairs of attachment points 140 distant from each other, which improves the stability of the attachment of the tool 100 as well as the recovery of external forces applied to the tool 100. This second type of tool 100 also allows the increase in the amplitude of deformation directly by the tool according to two stages corresponding to the double T. The first T, which is connected to the vibratory device, amplifies the amplitude deformation by the geometry of the chamfer along the sections of the side faces 133 and 135 of the leg portion 104. The second T of the tool 100, which is mounted in series with the first T, is thus subjected to a mechanical vibration more important than that brought upstream of the face 131 of the first T. This second T can then increase the amplitude of deformation directly by the geometry of the chamfer along the sections of the side faces 133 and 135 of the leg portion 104

Each T-shaped part of this tool 100 of the second type of tool has an adjustment hole 160 in the portion of the leg part 104 which is adjacent to the corresponding head part 102. There is a mounting hole 138 at each free end of this double tool 100. A mounting hole 138 on the end face 131 of the first T-shaped part, and which is connected to the vibratory device, and a mounting hole 138 on the end face 134 of the second T-shaped part.

In the case of Figures 16 and 17, the double tool 100 according to the second type comprises two T-shaped parts: the first T-shaped part is placed against the end face 131 of the second part T-shaped which forms a free end of the tool 100 and which has on its end face 134 a mounting hole 139 in the form of a cutout. Each T-shaped part of this tool has two fixing holes 140 surrounded by a boss 141 and which are mounted in a rigid fixing via fixing elements (in the form of fixing screws 233) placed in the fixing holes 140 and in the through openings 802 located, in correspondence of the fixing holes 140, on a support plate 802 which does not vibrate. This assembly corresponds to the second variant of the first embodiment of the assembly previously described and illustrated in FIG. 10. In this assembly, forming a complete vibratory system, as a device generating the vibratory energy at the desired frequency, and vibrating the tool 100, a vibrating device with piezoelectric stimulation. This vibratory device with piezoelectric stimulation comprises, resting on the end face 131 of the first T-shaped part, a series of superimposed rings and alternately composed of a piezoelectric disk 902 and an electrode 903. behind this series of superimposed rings, is arranged a countermass 901, also annular. A fixing screw 900 passes through the central opening of the counter-mass 901, the piezoelectric discs 902 and the electrodes 903 into the mounting hole 138 of the end face 131 of the first T-shaped part. the end face 134 of the second T-shaped part, which forms the other free end of the tool 100, is mounted, in the mounting hole 139, a machining insert 904 retained by a fixing 905. This assembly corresponds to an electromechanical assembly with a vibratory system making it possible to constitute an ultrasonic machining machine.

As a variant of the vibratory device with piezoelectric stimulation of Figures 16 and 17, it is possible to use (case not shown) as a device generating the vibratory energy at the desired frequency, and vibrating the tool 100, a vibratory device comprising a transducer 230 which is connected via a connection element 231 (and a possible booster) to the mounting hole 138 of the first T-shaped part of the tool 100. This type of vibratory device is visible in Figure 20.

Referring now to Figures 18 and 19, representing an ultrasonic drilling machine 800 which uses a third type of tool 100 with fixing wedges 238 and an assembly according to the first embodiment, close to that of the figures 14 and 15. This vibrating tool 100 of the third type has the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped indented along the two opposite sides forming the flanks or side faces. There is a first main face 110 (at the front in figure 19) and a second main face 120 (hidden at the rear in figure 19), flat and parallel to each other and between which the outline of the tool 100 follows a border 130. The depth P of the tool 100 corresponds to the distance separating the first main face 110 from the second main face 120, along an axis Y. This border 130 encircles the tool 100. This border 130 defines four faces symmetrical in pairs which delimit the four sides of the first main face 110 and of the second main face 120. This border 130 defines two end faces 131 and 134 on two opposite sides of the tool. Between these two end faces 131 and 134 the length L of the tool 100 is defined (along an axis Z). This border 130 also defines two side faces 133 and 135 or flanks on the other two opposite sides of the tool 100. Between these two side faces 133 and 135 the width l of the tool is defined (along an axis X orthogonal to the Z axis). In the case represented, the end faces 131 and 133 are flat and parallel to each other, and also parallel to the plane (X, Y).

The X, Y, Z axes define an orthogonal reference. The tool 100 of the third type has three planes of symmetry P1, P2 and P3, orthogonal to each other. The first plane of symmetry P1 is a plane of symmetry for the tool 100, parallel to the plane (X, Z), located between the first main face 110 and the second main face 120 (it is an average plane with respect to the first main face 110 and second main face 120). The third plane of symmetry P3 is a plane of symmetry for the tool 100, parallel to the plane (X, Y), between the two end faces 131 and 134. The second plane of symmetry P2 is a plane of symmetry for the tool 100, parallel to the plane (Y, Z), between the two side faces 133 and 135.

The two side faces 133 and 135 have a recess, 136, extending from the first main face 110 to the second main face 120, therefore over the entire depth P of the tool 100, over approximately 1/ 2 of the length L of the tool 100, equidistant from the first end face 110 and the second end face 120. This tool 100 of the third type also comprises adjustment orifices 160. These adjustment orifices 160 pass through the tool 100, and they extend between the first main face 110 and the second main face 120.

[0064] As an alternative, not shown, this ultrasonic drilling machine 800 can have a tool 100 with bosses 141 instead of fixing wedges 238. For this ultrasonic drilling machine 800, some of the fixing holes 140 ( three out of four in the example of Figures 18 and 19) are equipped either with a boss 141 or with a fixing wedge 238 which ensures the fixing of the tool on a fixed support element (support element 801' under form of plate with fixing holes 802), and another of these fixing holes 140. As one of these fixing holes 140 is not used for mounting on said fixed support element, the latter (a support plate 801' in Figures 18 and 19) has no corresponding through opening 802 (therefore only three through openings 802 for the support plate 801' in Figures 18 and 19). These (three) fixing holes 140 ensuring the fixing of the tool 100 on the support plate 801' cooperate with three fixing screws 233.

[0065] The fixing wedges 238 not only create spacing between the tool 100 and the element supporting the tool (such as a machine frame or a support plate such as the support element 801 ' ), but also contribute to the rigid fixing of the vibrating tool 100 on the element supporting the tool (and not vibrating) and to the absorption of the forces generated by the vibrations of the tool 100. The fixing wedges 238 are fixed elements, in particular screwed (or embedded or shrunk or welded), in the fixing holes 140 of the tool 100, on one or the other among the first main face 110 and the second main face 120 of the 'tool 100. These fixing wedges 238 are provided with a partially through passage as shown in Figures 18 and 19. On the other side of these fixing wedges 238 is placed the first face of a support plate 801' having through openings 802 located in correspondence of the fixing holes 140 of the or til 100. Fasteners (in the form of fixing screws 233) are each mounted through a through opening 802 from the second face (rear face) of the support plate 801, extending to the passage partially crossing one of the fixing wedges 238, itself fixed in the corresponding fixing hole 140 of the tool 100. This rigid, total mechanical connection (without degree of freedom), between each assembly element 233 and its associated fixing wedge 238, is for example produced by screwing (cooperation between a male thread on the end portion of the assembly elements, then formed of fixing screws 233, and a female thread in the partially crossing passage of the fixing wedge 238) or by embedding/embedding, hooping or welding. In a variant (not shown) of fixing block 238 with a through passage and in order to ensure the mechanical strength of the assembly, provision is made to attach the end portion of the fixing screws 233 in a solid manner, directly in the fixing hole 140 of the tool 100. The fixing screws 233 thus completely pass through the fixing wedges 238 and are fixed in the fixing holes 140 of the tool 100. This rigid, total mechanical connection (without degree of freedom), between each fixing screw 233 and its associated fixing hole 140, is for example produced by screwing (cooperation between a male thread on the end portion of the fixing screws 233, and a female thread in the fixing hole 140 of the tool 100) or by embedding/embedding, shrinking or welding.

[0066] By choosing fixing wedges 238 made of rigid material, for example metal, the fixing is completely rigid and allows a recovery of the forces undergone by the tool 100 at the level of the fixing wedges 238 which constitute a physical extension of the tool 100 and undergo all the vibrations and deformations that reach them via the fixing holes 140, including the alternating rotational movement around the nodal point 138 which surrounds each fixing hole, resulting in torsion work of the fixing wedges 238. The vibrations of the tool 100 are generated by a transducer 230 which is connected via a connecting element 231 (and a possible booster 240 not shown) to the mounting hole 138 of the tool 100. in other words, these fixing wedges 238 are considered rigidly fixed to the tool 100 and therefore undergo, at the time of the vibration of the tool 100, the twisting movement of the nodal point to which they are attached. These fixing wedges 238 therefore form an integral part of the ultrasonic vibration assembly once assembled.

According to another design, the fixing wedges 238 are made of a material which is not rigid, or not very rigid (with a Young's modulus of less than 20 GPa). In this second case, with fixing shims 238 made of flexible material, it is possible to absorb the vibrations for operation that is not only silent, but which does not require precise positioning constraints between the tool 100 and the support plate. 801. As an example of this second case, the fixing wedges 238 are made of synthetic material such as a plastic material (such as rubber, polyamide or a styrene polymer)

The last fixing hole 140 (fourth fixing hole 140 in Figures 18 and 19), which does not cooperate with a fixing wedge 238 and a fixing screw 233, receives, on the main face of the tool opposite that facing the support plate 801 ', a rotating rod 820. This rotating rod 820 has a first end rigidly mounted in this last fixing hole 140, for example by a threaded connection (as an alternative to this screwing, one can conceive embedding, shrinking, or welding). This rigid connection between this rotary rod 820 and the last fixing hole 140 causes, when the tool 100 vibrates, an alternating rotary movement (back and forth movement) as well as a percussion movement (axial movement back and forth). back and forth) of the rotary rod 820 forming a drill bit which can thus perform a drilling operation. For this purpose, the second, free end of this rotary rod 820 is shaped with a relief adapted to the material to be drilled. In the same way, the material of the drill rod 820 is adapted to the type of drilling to be made, in particular to the material to be drilled. This rotary rod 820 is rectilinear over its entire length in FIGS. 18 and 19, and is in this case intended to perform circular drillings. In other cases not shown, this rotary rod 820 is rectilinear except at its second end which is curved, in particular in an arc of a circle. Such a drill bit with a free end that is not straight, in particular curved, makes it possible, with a movement of the hand, which is also curved, to produce non-straight drillings. Indeed, in this case, the head of the piercing rod 820 performs a rotation according to a reciprocating movement capable of performing a piercing in the form of an arc of a circle. A geometrically well-defined 820 drill rod rotates with a movement combining a back and forth in rotation and a very stable and very precise axial back and forth (percussion), using if necessary masses positioned on the drill rod. drill 820. It can also amplify the excitation movement of its attachment point on the tool 100 with masses adjusted over the length of this drill rod 820. Such masses are visible in Figures 18 and 19. The geometry of a drill rod can be shaped by conventional machining such as turning and milling but also by a MIM injection process (metal injection molding) followed by a debinding and sintering operation.

To complete this drilling machine 800, a body 830 is integrally connected to the support plate 801'. This body 830 comprises a hand grip 832 associated with a trigger 836 for controlling the vibration of the tool 100, and with a cable for the electrical supply of the transducer 230, of the possible booster 240, and of the generator of 840. This cable includes the control part of the pulse generator 840, i.e. the transmission of the signal from the trigger 836 to the pulse generator 840 for the activation of the transducer 230, as well as the power supply part of the transducer 230 from the pulse generator 840.

[0070] One possibility is to use this drilling machine 800 in medical applications, in particular in orthopedic surgery, for example to drill a bone in order to accommodate a fixing element therein in the event of fitting a implant. With vibration at ultrasound frequencies, in particular around or greater than 30 KHz, there is less deterioration of the organic matter surrounding the pierced bone, which ensures better healing and general reconstitution of the organic elements after surgery. Another application relates to dental surgery. Of course, a drilling machine 800 can be made with another tool 100 than that of figures 18 and 19.

It is understood that in the case of the first embodiment of the assembly according to the invention, the bosses 141 or the fixing wedges 238 are transition elements between the tool 100 and the support element 801, absorbing the deformation undergone by the nodal zones 180 surrounding the fixing holes during the vibratory excitation, whereby this deformation is not transmitted to the fixing holes 802 of the support element 801.

Referring now to Figure 20, showing a plastic injection machine which uses a fourth type of tool 100 which serves as a mold, and an assembly according to the second embodiment, close to that of Figures 12 and 13.

This tool 100 of the fourth type has a head portion 102 with two fixing holes, as in the case of the tool 100 of the first type. For this tool 100, the leg portion 104 forms a working portion which is very wide, more extended in direction x than the head portion 102. There is an adjustment orifice 160 between the head portion and the leg portion 104 .

The tool 100 of the fourth type also comprises fluid circulation channels 170 (liquid or gas) extending in the leg portion 104 forming the body of the tool. These channels 170 make it possible to circulate a liquid in the body of the tool 100 for the cooling or possibly the heating of the tool 100. The holes forming these channels 170 open out onto the faces 133, 134 and 135 because they are made under the form of two series of holes: a first series of holes parallel to the direction Z opens into the end face 134, and a second series of holes parallel to the direction X opens into the two side faces 133 and 135 by intersecting with the first round of drilling. These holes are used to circulate a liquid (cooling or heating) in the tool 100: it should be noted that this liquid will also be subjected to ultrasound, it follows a treatment and in particular a disinfection by ultrasound due to the cavitation which occurs in this liquid, in particular water. The holes opening on the end face 134 define the inlet and the outlet of the liquid in the tool 100 and the holes of the second series opening on the side faces 133 and 135 cross the tool along the X axis and connect the inlet and the outlet of the liquid in the tool 100. During the use of the tool, the ends of the holes of the second series are closed by plugs 173 in order to delimit a circuit with a single inlet and a single outlet 172. Also, the tool of Figure 20 is suitable for use as a mold. To this end, it comprises on one of its main faces 110 and 120 a zone in relief, in particular a recessed zone 191 forming a cavity/an imprint contributing to forming the mould. This recessed zone 191 communicates with through working orifices 150 which extend between the first main face 110 and the second main face 120: these working orifices serve as housing for the ejector rods 302 which act at the time of the discharge of the mussel.

[0075] Figure 20 shows an exploded view of a portion of a plastic injection machine in which the mold comprises, in the part of its carcass 303, a tool 100 according to the fourth type which is inserted between the part of the carcass 303 , through fixing wedges 238 or spacers 237, and the part of the carcass 304 during injection. The tool 100 comprises a recessed zone 191 forming a cavity/an imprint for the plastic injection of a part. The movable part of the carcass 303 of the mold further comprises an ejection system composed of ejector rods 302 movably mounted therein and being partially introduced into the tool 100 during injection and then completely introduced through the tool 100 at the time of ejection. After injection, during demoulding, the two outer carcasses 303 and 304 of the mold are separated, the transducer 230 or other device generating the vibratory energy at the desired frequency, setting the tool 100 in vibration, whereby the part resulting from the injection of plastic material is easily ejected from its cavity composed of the recessed zone 191 of the tool 100, and this, without damaging the surface structure of the part produced. In the case shown, the transducer 230 is connected to a booster 240 via a connection element 231, and the booster 240 is mounted in a mounting hole 138 via another connection element 231. Thus, more generally, a plastic injection machine is obtained comprising a plastic injection mold, and a vibratory system as defined previously, comprising a tool 100, in which the first main face or the second main face of the tool is arranged, by means of fixing wedges 238 or spacers 237, against a surface of the mold or of a part integral with the mold. The vibration of the tool 100 causes the vibration of the injection cavity of the mold composed of the recessed zone 191, in particular during the discharge of the mold.

It is understood that in the case of the second embodiment of the assembly according to the invention, the guide sleeves 236 and the fixing rods 233' are transition elements between the tool 100 and the support element 801 , allowing by the pivot connection between the guide sleeves 236 and the fixing rods 233 'not to transmit either to the fixing rods 233' or to the support element fixed on these fixing rods (support plate 801 or carcass 303, 304) the deformation undergone by the nodal zones 180 surrounding the fixing holes during the vibratory excitation.

The different types of tools that can be used in the context of the present invention go beyond the scope of the examples presented in the preceding detailed description and in the appended figures. In particular, one and/or other of the following arrangements are possible for such a tool: at least a part of the assembly elements pass through said holes for fixing the tool and the holes for fixing the support element; said tool attachment holes pass through between two faces of the tool; said holes for fixing the support element pass through between two faces of the support element; said assembly elements comprise a threaded rod passing through a fixing hole of the tool and the corresponding fixing hole of the support element; said tool comprises, in said nodal zones, a boss with an internal thread or a bore forming the orifice for fixing the tool; said assembly elements comprise a spacer element placed at least partially between said tool and said support element, said spacer element at least partially surrounding said threaded rod; the vibratory device comprises a transducer, or an ultrasonic transducer (also called an ultrasonic converter), or a system for vibrating by piezoelectric element or a system for vibrating by piezoelectric element operating in the ultrasound field; the support element is a support plate or a machine frame; said tool is solid and further defines a first main face 110 and a second main face 120, having the same outline, the fixing face being formed by the first main face 110, a border 130 consisting of a third face encircling said tool 100 between the first main face 110 and the second main face 120; said mounting hole opens into said border 130; said tool 100 defines three planes: a first plane P1 being the middle plane formed between the first main face 110 and the second main face 120, a second plane P2 and a third plane P3 orthogonal to each other and to the first plane P1; the first main face 110 forming the fixing face is flat; the first main face 110 and the second main face 120 are essentially planar and parallel to each other; the orthogonal projection of said first main face 110 and of said second main face 120 is circumscribed in a rectangle, whereby the first face and the second face each define four sides; the border (130) encircling said tool (100) consists of surfaces perpendicular to said first main face (110) and to said second main face (120); the third plane P3 forming a mean plane between two opposite sides of said border 130 forming end faces 131, 134 and the second plane P2 forming a plane of symmetry between the two other opposite sides of said border 130 forming side faces 133 , 135; said border (130) forms at least two recesses (136; 137) located on two opposite sides of said border (130) forming the side faces (132, 134); said tool defines at least one head portion located in the extension of a leg portion which is centered with respect to the head portion, the head portion being of generally elongated shape in a first direction (X) parallel to the third plane P3, the leg portion being of generally elongated shape in a second direction (Z) orthogonal to the first direction (X) and parallel to the second plane P2, the head portion defining at each of its ends in the first direction a curved profile said border delimits at least the contour of said head portion and said leg portion according to a T-shape

Reference signs used in the figures

[0078] P1 Foreground P2 Second plane (symmetry plane) P3 Third plane A1 Fixing hole axis 140 100 Vibrating tool 102 Head portion 104 Leg portion 110 First main face 120 Second main face 130 Border 131 End face 133 Side face 134 End face 135 Side face 138 Mounting hole 139 Mounting hole 140 Fixing hole 160 Adjustment hole 170 Fluid circulation channel (liquid or gas) 173 Plugs 180 Nodal area 191 Raised area (cavity) 230 Transducer 231 Connecting element 233 Fixing screw 233' Fixing rod 234 Fixing sleeve 236 Guide sleeve 237 Spacer (washer) 238 Fixing wedges 240 Booster 302 Ejector rod 303 Outer mold frame 304 Outer mold frame 800 Drilling machine 801 Support element (plate) 801' Support plate 802 Fixing hole (Through opening) 820 Rotating rod (drill bit) 830 Drilling machine body drilling 832 Handle 834 Cable 836 Trigger 840 Pulse generator

Claims (27)

1. Electromechanical assembly with vibratory system comprising: – a tool (100) capable of vibrating when it is subjected to a vibratory excitation of frequency f, said tool comprising a fixing face, a mounting orifice (138) located outside the fixing face, and at least two fixing holes (140) opening onto said fixing face, said tool (100) being arranged so that during vibration at a predefined working frequency f0, at least one zone of the tool forms a functional zone (190) which exhibits deformation during said vibratory excitation, and at least two zones of the tool form nodal zones (180), each fixing hole (140) being placed in a nodal zone, – a vibratory device (230) able to generate a frequency f0, – a support element (801) comprising at least two fixing holes (802) spaced apart from each other by the same distance as the two fixing holes (140) of the tool (100), and – assembly elements making it possible to connect the tool (100) to the support element (801) when each fixing hole (140) of the tool (100) is aligned with a fixing hole (802) of the support element (801), said tool (100) being attached to the vibrator through said mounting hole (138). 2. Assembly according to claim 1, in which said deformation of the functional zone corresponds to an elongation and contraction deformation of the fixing face. 3. Assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in said nodal zones the fixing face is free from deformation in elongation and in contraction. 4. An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in said nodal zones the tool is capable of undergoing alternating rotational deformation centered on the axis of the fixing orifice. 5. Assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which at least a part of the assembly elements pass through the said fixing holes of the tool and the fixing holes of the support element. 6. An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said tool attachment holes pass through between two faces of the tool. 7. An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said fixing holes of the support element pass through between two faces of the support element. 8. An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said assembly elements comprise a threaded rod passing through a fixing hole of the tool and the corresponding fixing hole of the support element. 9. An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said tool comprises, in said nodal zones, a boss with a thread or a bore forming the tool attachment hole. 10. An assembly according to claim 8, wherein said assembly elements comprise a spacer element placed at least partially between said tool and said support element, said spacer element at least partially surrounding said threaded rod. 11. Assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10, in which the vibratory device comprises a transducer, or an ultrasonic transducer, or a vibration system by piezoelectric element or a vibration system by piezoelectric element operating in the field of ultrasound. 12. Assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 11, in which the support element is a support plate or a machine frame. 13. An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein said tool is solid and further defines: – a first main face (110) and a second main face (120), having the same contour, the fixing face being formed by the first main face (110), - a border (130) consisting of a third face encircling said tool (100) between the first main face (110) and the second main face (120). 14. An assembly according to claim 13, wherein said mounting hole opens into said rim (130). 15. Assembly according to claim 13 or 14, in which said tool (100) defines three planes: a first plane P1 being the mean plane formed between the first main face (110) and the second main face (120), a second plane P2 and a third plane P3 orthogonal to each other and to the foreground P1. 16. An assembly according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the first main face (110) forming the fixing face is planar. 17. An assembly according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the first main face (110) and the second main face (120) are substantially planar and parallel to each other. 18. An assembly according to claim 17, wherein the orthogonal projection of said first major face (110) and said second major face (120) is circumscribed within a rectangle, whereby the first face and the second face each define four sides. . 19. An assembly according to claim 17, wherein the border (130) encircling said tool (100) consists of surfaces perpendicular to said first main face (110) and to said second main face (120). 20. An assembly according to any one of claims 15 to 19, wherein the third plane P3 forming a mean plane between two opposite sides of said edge (130) forming end faces (131, 133) and the second plane P2 forming a plane of symmetry between the two other opposite sides of said edge (130) forming side faces (132, 134). 21. Assembly according to claim 20, in which said border (130) forming at least two recesses (136; 137) located on two opposite sides of said border (130) forming the lateral faces (132, 134) 22. Assembly according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein said tool defines at least one head portion located in the extension of a leg portion which is centered with respect to the head portion, the head portion being of generally elongated shape in a first direction (X) parallel to the third plane P3, the leg portion being of generally elongated shape in a second direction (Z) orthogonal to the first direction (X) and parallel to the second plane P2, the head portion defining at each of its ends in the first direction a curved profile. 23. Assembly according to claim 13 and claim 22, in which said border delimits at least the outline of said head portion and said leg portion according to a T-shape. 24. Method for mounting a vibrating tool on a non-vibrating support element, comprising the following steps: – supply of a tool able to vibrate when it is subjected to a vibratory excitation of frequency f0, said tool comprising a fixing face, a mounting hole located outside the fixing face, and at least two fixing opening onto said fixing face, said tool (100) being arranged so that during vibration at a predefined working frequency f0, at least one zone of the tool forms a functional zone (190) which exhibits a deformation during said vibratory excitation at said predefined working frequency f0, and at least two zones of the tool form nodal zones (180), each fixing hole being placed in a nodal zone,, – supply of a vibratory device able to generate a frequency f0, – supply of a support element comprising at least two fixing holes spaced apart from each other by the same distance as the two fixing holes of the tool, – supply of assembly elements suitable for connecting the tool to the support element, – mounting of said tool to the vibratory device by said mounting hole (138), – placement of the tool facing the support element with each tool fixing hole aligned with a fixing hole of the support element, – assembly of the assembly elements between the tool and the support element, these assembly elements being at least partly housed in the holes for fixing the tool and in the holes for fixing the support element , – activation of the vibratory device, whereby the tool enters into vibration with a different deformation between the functional zone and the nodal zones, and whereby the support element remains static. 25. A method according to claim 24, wherein the connecting elements act as torsion springs, a first end of the connecting elements being connected to the support element and remaining static and fixed during the vibratory excitation, and a second end of the assembly elements being connected to the vibrating tool and driven in torsion by the rotating nodal zone. 26. Method according to claim 25, in which the second end of the assembly elements forms, with the fixing holes of the tool, an integral connection. 27. The method of claim 24, wherein the second end of the assembly elements forms, with the tool attachment holes, a pivot connection around the axis A1 of the tool attachment holes.