CH706518A1 - Control unit for drive system of work machine e.g. cable-operated excavator, sets operating point of engine to determine services and efficiency characteristic fields of components based on fuel consumption map of engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The control unit has control main portion that is provided with an optimization function. The operating point of the internal combustion engine (1) is set for determining services required for the components (4,5) and efficiency characteristic fields of the driven components on the basis of a fuel consumption map of the internal combustion engine. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) drive system; (2) work machine; and (3) method for controlling drive system of work machine.

Description

The present invention relates to a controller for the drive system of a work machine, wherein the drive system comprises an internal combustion engine with at least two drives, via which the internal combustion engine drives at least two components of the drive system.

Such drive systems are used for example in mobile machines to drive various components of the machine such as the drive or various parts of the work equipment. The components may be, for example, hydraulic circuits of hydraulic pump and one or more hydraulic motors, or electrical machines which are driven by the internal combustion engine.

The target speed of the internal combustion engine is either manually specified in known control systems by an operator, or determined based on the required by the internal combustion engine overall performance. This is usually associated with high fuel consumption.

The object of the present invention is to provide a control system for a drive system, which allows operation of the drive system with a lower fuel consumption.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a control according to claim 1.

The present invention provides a controller for a drive system of a work machine, wherein the drive system comprises an internal combustion engine with at least two drives, via which the internal combustion engine drives at least two components of the drive system. According to the invention, the controller has an optimization function which determines a desired operating point of the internal combustion engine for the respectively required power of the components on the basis of a consumption characteristic map of the internal combustion engine and of efficiency maps of the driven components. By taking into account the efficiency maps of the driven components and the respectively required power of the components can be selected on the basis of the consumption map of the internal combustion engine, an operating point, which leads to the lowest possible fuel consumption. Thus, the present invention enables a particularly fuel-efficient operation.

In the target operating point of the internal combustion engine may be in particular the speed-torque operating point of the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine is in particular an internal combustion engine or a gas turbine. Particularly preferred may be used as the internal combustion engine, a diesel engine.

According to the present invention, any number of driven components can be driven via the internal combustion engine. The components may in particular be electrical machines such as starter generators, alternators, etc., hydraulic components such as hydraulic pumps or hydraulic motors, compressors or other devices such as a circulation pump, a fan, etc.

According to the invention, the components can be mechanically coupled or coupled to the internal combustion engine directly or by a transmission. It can be used as coupling any gear, a torque converter, a clutch, a belt or chain drive or the like. In this case, a translation for a single or multiple driven components can be used.

Furthermore, a number of the driven components and / or primary sides of the translation can be arranged directly along the output shaft of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, it is conceivable to use a cascading of translations to multi-level translations.

Furthermore, it can be provided that at least one of the components has an energy converter driven by the internal combustion engine and at least one consumer supplied with energy by the energy converter. Such a component can advantageously be a hydraulic drive comprising a hydraulic pump and one or more consumers, for example at least one hydraulic motor, or an electric drive comprising a generator and at least one consumer, for example an electric motor. In particular, hydraulic rotary motors and hydraulic cylinders can be used as hydraulic motors. With the electrical power output of the generator could also be charged a battery, a heater operated and / or a lamp operated.

About the skew angle of the hydraulic pump or the control electronics of the electrical system, the decrease torque of the respective output can be adjusted.

As an efficiency map of such a component can be used in particular the efficiency with which the energy converter converts the output of the internal combustion engine mechanical power.

Furthermore, an overall consideration can be carried out for the determination of the optimal operating point. The cumulative power loss of all system components starting from the internal combustion engine, through the losses in the translations and the losses at the power take-offs can be taken into account.

In this case, situations are common in which in the work machine starting from the internal combustion engine to an output while maintaining a certain operating point very low power losses occur; However, along a different power path extremely high power losses occur.

At least two of the driven components particularly preferably have an energy converter driven by the internal combustion engine. In particular, two hydraulic drives and / or two electric drives and / or a combination of a hydraulic drive and an electric drive can be provided.

Of course, while the energy converter driven by the internal combustion engine, in particular a hydraulic pump or a generator, can also supply several motors with energy.

Furthermore, according to the invention can be provided that at least one of the components has a manipulated variable, via the setting at a given output speed, the output torque, which is taken from the drive train for driving the component, is adjustable. In particular, this manipulated variable may be the oblique angle of a hydraulic pump used in a hydraulic drive system or the adjustment of the control electronics in an electric drive system.

Particularly preferably, at least two of the components have such a manipulated variable.

Particularly preferably, in components having such a manipulated variable, the same power at different output speeds are provided by the output torque is set accordingly. Advantageously, the efficiency map of a component describes the efficiency of the component as a function of output torque and output speed.

If the system has further control variables, such as, for example, the swivel angle of a hydraulic motor in a hydraulic system, or a variable ratio, an efficiency optimized with regard to this control variable can be taken into account.

Advantageously, the optimization function of the inventive control comprises a function for determining a system characteristic of possible operating points, by which the respective required performance of the components can be achieved. The system characteristic is advantageously formed by torque-speed operating points of the internal combustion engine, in which the respective required performance of the components can be achieved.

It can be provided that the optimization function selects the operating point with minimal fuel consumption from the system characteristic. This enables a particularly economical operation.

Advantageously, according to the present invention, limiting constraints are taken into account. In particular, full load characteristics of certain powertrain components and / or speed / torque subregions, in which the internal combustion engine may not be operated, can be taken into account as boundary conditions. This determines the actual usable range of the system characteristic. Advantageously, the desired operating point of the internal combustion engine is selected from this actually usable range of the system characteristic curve.

Further advantageously, the controller may have a calculation function which calculates individual characteristics of possible operating points for the respective outputs based on efficiency maps of the driven components. Advantageously, the system characteristic curve of the internal combustion engine is then calculated from these possible operating points for the respective power take-offs. The system characteristic curve of the inventive working machine is thus according to the invention on the one hand on the efficiency maps of the driven components, as well as the required by the components of each of the services.

If at least one of the drives in turn also turn for the power requested by him another degree of freedom (not coupled or not directly coupled, for example, a selectable translation) on the speed of the internal combustion engine), an optimization on this degree of freedom can be done first and From this an optimized system characteristic curve can be calculated. Alternatively, several system characteristics may be calculated depending on this degree of freedom. In this case, the optimization function must determine the operating point of the minimum fuel consumption from several system characteristics.

Further advantageously, the optimization function determined next to the desired operating point of the internal combustion engine, the respective desired operating points of the components, so that the lowest possible fuel consumption is achieved by the desired operating point of the internal combustion engine, and by the correspondingly adjusted target operating points of the components respectively required Services are provided.

For drives with only one manipulated variable, this is specified by the desired operating point of the internal combustion engine and the required power of the output.

Advantageously, the controller has a control function, which controls the actual operating point of the internal combustion engine based on the predetermined by the optimization function target operating point. Furthermore, the control function advantageously controls the components of the drive system, and in particular determines the manipulated variable of the components.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the controller has a first control level, which responds to changes in the power requirements by controlling the components. Furthermore, a second control plane can be provided which adapts the desired operating point of the internal combustion engine and the components to the new power requirements for setting an optimum operating point. Advantageously, the control on the first control plane takes place faster than on the second control plane, in order to avoid too rapid a change of the operating points of the internal combustion engine.

The controller according to the invention can furthermore have a prediction function which estimates future power requirements of the components. In particular, the controller can thereby determine the desired operating point of the internal combustion engine and the components taking into account the future power requirements.

In particular, it can be released at lower speeds at a predicted persistently low power requirement and at a predicted low power increase, which is deposited with a sufficiently high probability. Thus, by providing prognosis information about the immediately following load on the output system efficiency can be further increased.

Furthermore, the inventive control can be used in drive systems in which at least one of the components comprises an energy storage or is connected to such. Furthermore, it is possible that a normally driven component brings power into the drive train, where it is used immediately to relieve the internal combustion engine (simple recuperation). It is also possible in this case for an energy store to be charged with recuperation power (for example, pneumatic energy, electrical energy, etc.). It is also possible in this case for the internal combustion engine to be towed by using the recuperation power. Advantageously, an energy management function is provided, which controls the operation of the energy storage and / or the recuperation.

Advantageously, the inventive control thereby have an energy management function, wherein a coordinated determination of the desired operating point of the internal combustion engine and the desired operating points of those drives, which in turn have a degree of freedom (eg in the case of a mechanical coupling via a selectable translation or in the case of electrical coupling the degree of freedom electrical power under selectable output voltage and thus specified current or selectable current and thus specified voltage) and the energy management takes place. In particular, the energy management function can be used to control the energy supply to an energy store and the energy extraction from such. Alternatively or additionally, the energy management function can also be used for thermal management. By considering the energy management in the determination of the optimal operating point, an improvement of the fuel economy can be achieved again.

The inventive control can be used in particular for controlling a drive system of a mobile machine. In particular, such a mobile work machine comprises a chassis with a travel drive, via which the work machine can be moved. It may be in one of the components, which is driven by the internal combustion engine, to the traction drive. In particular, the work machine can have one or more tired axles or a chain drive.

Particularly preferably, the inventive work machine on a working equipment, which is moved over one or more drives. In particular, these may be hydraulic drives. In this case, one or more of the components which are driven by the internal combustion engine may be one or more of the drives of the working equipment. In particular, the work equipment may comprise one or more element / elements which is / are movable via one or more hydraulic cylinders in a rocking plane, in particular a boom or handle, etc.

Particularly preferably, the inventive work machine may be a mobile earth moving machine such as an excavator, a wheel loader or a dump truck. Likewise, the mobile work machine may be a mobile handling machine, such as a crane or a crawler crane.

Particularly preferably, the present invention is used in systems in which the output speed of the components is in a fixed ratio to the speed of the internal combustion engine. In particular, a transmission is provided with a constant ratio, which connects the components with the output shaft of the internal combustion engine. Alternatively, the components may also be connected directly to the output shaft.

However, the present invention is of course applicable to systems with a variable ratio, for example. In systems with one or more multi-stage or continuously variable transmissions. Advantageously, this degree of freedom is taken into account in the inventive optimization or overall consideration.

The controller according to the invention advantageously has control electronics in which the functions according to the invention are implemented in hardware or software.

In particular, memory areas may be provided in which the consumption map of the internal combustion engine and the efficiency maps of the driven or the operated components; generalized all components involved in the coupling path are stored.

Advantageously, the system characteristics are calculated individually during operation (on line). Further advantageously, the desired operating points are calculated individually during operation (on line).

Alternatively or additionally, maps or system characteristics may be stored in the memory areas of the controller, which were calculated from the efficiency maps of the driven components at different required by the component performance. Furthermore, corresponding desired operating points can be stored, which were calculated from the efficiency maps and the consumption map of the internal combustion engine.

Advantageously, in the inventive control, the determination of the desired operating point and optionally the control of the internal combustion engine or the components automatically based on the control signals supplied to the sensor and / or input variables. Input variables of the control are in particular the respective required performance of the components, which can be predetermined for example by an operator by input devices.

From these, the controller then automatically calculates the desired operating point of the internal combustion engine and advantageously the desired operating points of the components. Advantageously, then takes place a corresponding automatic control of the internal combustion engine and the components for achieving the desired operating points.

Advantageously, the inventive control can be adapted to different drive systems by a corresponding modified efficiency map is taken into account when using another component, or when using another internal combustion engine, a correspondingly adapted consumption map. As a result, the inventive control can be used easily in any drive systems.

The present invention further comprises a drive system with a control according to the invention, as described above.

The present invention further comprises a work machine with a drive system and a control according to the invention as described above. As already mentioned above, the working machine is preferably a mobile working machine.

The present invention further comprises a method for controlling a drive system of a work machine, wherein the drive system comprises an internal combustion engine with at least two drives, via which the internal combustion engine drives at least two components of the drive system. According to the invention, it is provided that the operating point of the internal combustion engine is set optimally on the basis of the respectively required power of the components, a consumption map of the internal combustion engine and of the force maps of the driven components. As a result, a particularly fuel-efficient operation can be made possible.

Advantageously, the method according to the invention takes place in the same way as has already been explained in more detail above with regard to the control. In particular, according to the invention, the functions described with regard to the control are used to determine the desired operating point of the internal combustion engine.

Advantageously, the inventive method is used for operating drive systems of a working machine, as already described above.

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to drawings and an embodiment.

[0053] In this case: <Tb> FIG. 1 <sep> a first embodiment of an inventive drive system with an internal combustion engine with two drives, <Tb> FIG. 2 <sep> is a schematic representation of a consumption map of the internal combustion engine and taking into account an efficiency map of a first component, <Tb> FIG. 3 <sep> is a schematic representation of the consumption map of an internal combustion engine taking into account an efficiency map of a second component and <Tb> FIG. 4 <sep> a consumption map of the internal combustion engine, taking into account the efficiency maps of two driven components, in which a system characteristic was determined.

The present invention relates to the control of the drive train of a working machine consisting of an internal combustion engine, in particular an internal combustion engine or a gas turbine, which has a plurality of power take-offs.

The arrangement consists of the internal combustion engine and any number of driven components. Advantageously, the speed at which the components are driven via the outputs of the drive train, while in a fixed ratio to the speed of the internal combustion engine or to the speed of the output shaft of the internal combustion engine. In particular, a direct drive or the drive can be used via a transmission with a constant ratio.

In the components of the drive train may be secondary drives, so that the internal combustion engine first drives a power converter, which in turn drives one or more motors with its power output. In particular, the components may be hydraulic drive circuits in which a hydraulic pump drives one or more hydraulic motors. Hydraulic motors used here are, for example, hydraulic rotary motors and / or hydraulic cylinders. Likewise, the components may be electrical drives from generator, control electronics or electric motor. The secondary drives advantageously have a manipulated variable via which the power of the secondary drives can be controlled or regulated directly or indirectly.

In addition, it is also possible that certain components of the drive train are connected to an energy storage. For example, it is possible to use an electrical or a hydraulic energy store in a corresponding drive circuit.

Further, it is possible that a normally driven component brings power into the drive train, where it is used immediately to relieve the internal combustion engine (simple recuperation). It is also possible that the internal combustion engine is towed. If a drive system with energy storage or simple recuperation is used, an energy management system is advantageously provided, which controls the operation of the energy store and / or the simple recuperation.

According to the invention, the operation of the drive train is now coordinated via a drive train management software, which is implemented in the control of the drive train. The drive train management software is supplied with specific information, for example the relevant setpoint values of each output and / or processed sensor signals and / or output variables of other software functions.

The powertrain control software calculates therefrom control variables and outputs these operating variables of the drive train to corresponding actuators or other actuators directly or indirectly via other software functions to control the internal combustion engine and the components of the drive train.

In particular, the powertrain control software specifies the desired value of the speed-torque operating point of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the drive train management software presets the setpoint values of the manipulated variables of the components of the drive train. Such manipulated variables can be, for example, the oblique angle of hydraulic pumps or the power consumption of an electronic control unit of an electronic drive.

In the powertrain control software real-time capability models of all powertrain components and the consumption map of the internal combustion engine are stored. In addition, drag maps of the powertrain components can be stored.

On the basis of these characteristic diagrams, the power consumption on the reference system output shaft of the internal combustion engine can be calculated for the nominal values of the individual outputs.

As a result, there is not a respective value of power, but splitting according to input shaft torque and input shaft speed, i. E. a characteristic. This specific for each output characteristic indicates the operating points of output shaft torque and output shaft speed of the internal combustion engine, which can provide the required by the component performance taking into account the respective efficiency of the component. Each operating point corresponds to a corresponding adjustment of the manipulated variable of the component.

In the powertrain control software, these individual characteristics are then combined depending on the proportion of individual outputs to the required total power to a system characteristic. Thus, in the powertrain control software, a cumulative total output torque is determined as a function of the output shaft speed of all individual outputs taking into account their translation to the output shaft of the internal combustion engine.

The system characteristic therefore represents the sum of all possible speed-torque operating points of the internal combustion engine, via which the respectively required power outputs can be provided, i. E. the summed torque of the internal combustion engine, which is plotted against the rotational speed, by means of which the respectively required power of the power take-offs can be provided. The system characteristic curve thus depends on the individual target values of the outputs.

Thereafter, in the powertrain control software, stored parameters such as e.g. Full-load characteristics of certain powertrain components, speed-torque subregions in which the internal combustion engine is not to be operated and / or further information supplied from other software modules determines the limiting marginal values that may limit the actually usable range of the system characteristic.

Within the remaining portion of the system characteristic there is a speed-torque operating point in each case in which the required total power can be applied with minimal fuel consumption. To determine the desired operating point, an optimization function is thus provided, which is determined on the basis of

[0069] Fuel consumption map of the internal combustion engine and the efficiency models of the components determines an energy-optimized operating point. The energetically optimized operating point of the internal combustion engine corresponds with corresponding operating points of the components, wherein the drive train management software controls the internal combustion engine and the components accordingly.

If at least one of the drives in turn also turn for the power requested by him another degree of freedom (not coupled or not directly eg selectable gear ratio) on the speed of the internal combustion engine), an optimization can be done on this degree of freedom first and then optimized efficiency map for this output can be calculated. Alternatively, several system characteristics may be calculated depending on this degree of freedom. In this case, the optimization function must determine the operating point of the minimum fuel consumption from several system characteristics.

Since a certain system dynamics (increase in the output power within a period of time) must be ensured, it is not ensured in transient operation that the internal combustion engine can always be operated at the energetically optimal operating point. Within the powertrain control software, the function for determining the system characteristic from the point of view of the signal flow is therefore superimposed on further functions which, if appropriate, each cause a situation-dependent deviation from the energetically optimal operating point.

In a further development, the powertrain control software with an energy management software of the drive train exchange information to each other. The energy management software may be hybrid and / or thermal management software.

By providing prognosis information about the immediately following load on the power take-offs, the system efficiency can be further increased.

In the case of a non-hybrid drive train, at a predicted low power increase, which is stored with a sufficiently high probability, the operation can be released at lower speeds. In a hybrid drive, the forecast information can be known to be used for more efficient use of energy storage.

According to the invention, the powertrain control software thus provides a generic method that can be applied to any number of arbitrarily designed drives. The method can be applied to any powertrain components and any arrangements of the drive train. In this case, only adapted efficiency models and / or traction maps of the driveline components and the consumption map of the particular internal combustion engine used must be stored in the controller.

Alternatively, an optimized operating point and / or a system characteristic as a function of the individual desired values of the outputs can also be calculated from these data and stored in the drive train management software.

1 now shows an embodiment of a drive train in which a control according to the present invention can be used. In this case, an internal combustion engine 1 is provided, which provides a mechanical power Pmech on its output shaft 3. In the exemplary embodiment, the internal combustion engine is an internal combustion engine with the schematically illustrated cylinders 2. The power of the internal combustion engine 1 is controlled by the supply of fuel.

The internal combustion engine 1 has two outputs, via which two components 4 and 5 are driven. In the exemplary embodiment, the two components 4 and 5 are both arranged directly on the output shaft 3 of the internal combustion engine. Alternatively, however, the two components 4 and 5 could also be connected to the output shaft 3 via a transmission, in particular via a transmission with a fixed speed ratio.

In the exemplary embodiment, the component 4 is an electric drive system in which a generator is driven by the internal combustion engine, which provides an electric power Pel, e.g. to drive another electric motor. The component 5 is a hydraulic drive system in which a hydraulic pump is driven by the internal combustion engine and provides hydraulic power Phyd, e.g. for driving a hydraulic motor such as a hydraulic rotary motor or a hydraulic cylinder.

Alternatively or additionally, two hydraulic drive systems or two electric drive systems could be driven by the internal combustion engine, or more than two, for example, four hydraulic drive systems

The components driven by the internal combustion engine each have a manipulated variable, which in the case of the hydraulic system can be, for example, the oblique angle of the hydraulic pump, in which the electric drive system can be the control of the control electronics for driving the electric motor. It can be adjusted by adjusting the manipulated variable at a predetermined speed of the internal combustion engine or at a predetermined speed of the output, which drives the component, the torque pickup of the component and thus the power consumption.

However, the components do not translate the power consumed 100%, but have an efficiency that represents the ratio between power consumed and delivered for each component. This efficiency is usually dependent on the speed and / or the torque at which the component is operated.

In particular, the efficiency with which the hydraulic pump converts the mechanical power output by the internal combustion engine into hydraulic power can be used as efficiency in the hydraulic system 5. In the case of the electrical component 4, the efficiency of the generator with which the latter converts the mechanical power output by the internal combustion engine into electrical power can be taken into account.

If the system has further actuating variables, such as the swivel angle of a hydraulic motor in the case of a hydraulic system, an efficiency which is optimized with regard to this manipulated variable can be taken into account as an efficiency.

Essential for the determination of the optimal operating point is an overall consideration. The cumulative power dissipation of all system components starting from the internal combustion engine, through the losses in the translations and the losses of the drives.

In this case, situations are common at the work machine starting from the internal combustion engine to a downforce while maintaining a certain operating point very low power losses occur; However, along a different power path extremely high power losses occur.

For a given target power, which is to be delivered by a component, can be calculated on the basis of the efficiency map of the component so that required power consumption of a component on the reference system output shaft of the internal combustion engine. Due to the possibility of directly or indirectly controlling their output via the manipulated variable of the respective component, a characteristic curve of possible speed-torque operating points of the output via which the component is driven results for a given output power of a component. Such an operating point corresponds to a corresponding adjustment of the manipulated variable of the component.

Characterized in that several outputs are provided, the respective individual characteristics of the outputs must be cumulated, so as to determine the system characteristic of the internal combustion engine, i. E. the speed-torque operating points of the internal combustion engines, via which the required performance of the respective outputs or components can be provided. Along an appropriate system characteristic, an operating point can then be selected by means of an optimization function, which results in the lowest possible fuel consumption.

In FIG. 2, diagrams show how such a determination can be made when only one of the two components is driven, thereby absorbing 100% of the power of the internal combustion engine. Here, a diagram 6 of the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine as a function of the rotational speed and the torque is shown on the top left. 9 lines with the same consumption are drawn with the lines, and with the lines 10 lines with the same output power. The consumption curves are normalized to the value of the minimum specific consumption.

The graph 7 shown on the right now shows the efficiency of a hydraulic pump, as it can be used in a hydraulic drive 5, as a function of speed and torque.

The diagram 8 now shows a superimposition of the fuel consumption diagram with the efficiency map. It turns out that both the lines of equal consumption 11, and the lines of the same power 12 are shifted and bent by the superposition with the efficiency map of the component.

Fig. 3 again shows the graph 6 for fuel consumption, which has now been superimposed on the diagram 7 for the efficiency of another component, in this case the generator for an electric drive system 4 in the diagram 8. Due to the completely different course of the efficiency map of the generator thus results in a completely different fuel consumption diagram. 8

The optimum operating point of the internal combustion engine can therefore be different for the same requested power at the output shaft of the internal combustion engine, depending on whether the first component 4 or the second component 5 is driven, as according to the present invention, the efficiency of the component itself is taken into account.

In Fig. 4, a superimposed diagram is shown, which was created for an operation in which 50% of the power from the first component 4 and 50% of the power of the second component 5 are removed. Again, the lines of equal power 13 and lines of the same consumption 14 are shown.

Such a line 13 of equal power thus represents a system characteristic in the sense of the present invention, since the required output power can be provided by each of the operating points on the line. The optimization function now determines the operating point with the lowest fuel consumption on lines 13 of the same power. The optimum operating points for the different powers in the required distribution of power to the respective power take-offs are shown as line 15 in the diagram.

According to the present invention, the optimal operating point is thus determined in each case on the basis of the required power of the individual components, for which according to the invention in addition to the fuel consumption map of the internal combustion engine and the respective efficiencies of the driven components is taken into account at the corresponding operating points and in particular the algorithms for determining the system characteristics and identifying the most favorable operating point in terms of all usable degrees of freedom.

The control then controls the internal combustion engine, if appropriate taking into account the system dynamics, to the desired operating point and adapts the control variables of the components accordingly.

Thus, according to the invention, operation with minimized fuel consumption can be made possible.

Claims (15)

A control for the drive system of a work machine, the drive system comprising an internal combustion engine (1) having at least two power take-offs via which the internal combustion engine drives at least two components (4, 5) of the drive system, characterized in that the control system has an optimization function which has a desired operating point of the internal combustion engine (1) for the respectively required power of the components (4, 5) on the basis of a consumption characteristic map (6) of the internal combustion engine and efficiency maps (7, 7) driven components (4, 5) determined. 2. Control according to claim 1, wherein at least one and advantageously a plurality of the components (4, 5) has a driven by the internal combustion engine energy converter and at least one of the energy converter supplied with energy consumers, wherein the component advantageously a hydraulic drive from hydraulic pump and one or a plurality of consumers, for example a hydraulic motor or a plurality of hydraulic motors, or an electric output from the generator and at least one electrical load, for example an electric motor. 3. Control according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one and advantageously more of the components (4, 5) has a manipulated variable, via the setting of the output torque at a given output speed is adjustable, which is in particular the skew angle of a in A hydraulic pump used in a hydraulic drive system or the setting of the control electronics in an electric drive system is. 4. Control according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the optimization function at least one function for determining a system characteristic curve (13) of possible operating points, by which the respective required performance of the components (4, 5) can be achieved comprises. 5. Control according to claim 4, wherein the optimization function from the system characteristic curve (13) selects an operating point with minimum fuel consumption, wherein advantageously limiting conditions are taken into account. 6. Control claim 4 or 5, wherein the controller has a calculation function, which based on efficiency maps (7, 7) of the driven components (4, 5) individual characteristics of possible operating points for all respective outputs and from these a system characteristic calculated the internal combustion engine. 7. Control according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the controller has a first control plane, which responds to changes in the power requirements by driving the components (4, 5), and a second control plane, which for setting an optimal operating point, the desired operating point of Internal combustion engine (1) and the components to the new performance requirements. A controller according to any one of the preceding claims, having a prediction function which estimates future power requirements of the components (4, 5), the controller controlling the desired operating point of the internal combustion engine (1) and the components (4, 5) taking into account the future power requirements certainly. 9. Control according to one of the preceding claims, with an energy management function, wherein a coordinated determination of the desired operating point and the energy management takes place, wherein the energy management function advantageously for controlling the energy supply and the energy Removal from a connected to the drive system energy storage and / or thermal management is used. 10. Control according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the working machine is a mobile working machine, in particular a mobile earthmoving machine and / or a mobile handling machine. 11. Control according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the output speed of the components (4, 5) in a fixed ratio to the speed of the internal combustion engine (1), wherein advantageously a transmission with constant gear ratio or a direct drive of the components is provided. 12. Drive system with a controller according to one of the preceding claims. 13. Work machine with a drive system according to one of the preceding claims. 14. A method for controlling a drive system of a work machine, wherein the drive system comprises an internal combustion engine (1) with at least two drives, via which the internal combustion engine drives at least two components (4, 5) of the drive system, characterized in that the operating point of the internal combustion engine (1) is adjusted on the basis of the respectively required power of the components (4, 5), a consumption map (6) of the internal combustion engine and efficiency maps (7, 7) of the driven components. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein a controller according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is used.