CH673337A5 - - Google Patents

Description

The present invention has for its object, io body 2 together with the inner ball bearing part 1.1 rotates a method, as well as a corresponding device to synchronously, d. H. with the same rotational frequency with which to compare the size of the rotating magnetic field that drives the rotation. During the subsequent torque required by a mechanical element with a second phase, the strength of the driving magnet

serve as a reference value, which reduces a high accuracy field to a smaller value H2, at the end of which it is easy to use, which is suitable for the second phase, the rotational state of the mechanical ele

suitable as standard and which are found in the first part 1.1 or the auxiliary body 2, d. H. It is observed for practical applications whether the inner ball bearing part 1.1 is synchronous with

do not require additional bearings. turns or not. Now it is found that no turning

This task is carried out by the characteristic note, so that was solved by the friction in the ball bearing male of claims 1 and 6. Advantageous torque caused greater than the second fertilization of the method and embodiments of the device, demagnetic body determined for the value H2 of the field strength and the dipole moment of the permanent implementation of the method, maximum transferable as well as special applications of the method are taken from torque, which is equal to the reference value. Amending other claims and the description. if the friction torque was less than or equal to that

In the following, the invention is described on the basis of descriptions of the corresponding maximum transmissible torque,

Exercises and drawings of various execution examples These two statements are very well explained for quality control. useful. The value H2 of the field strength of the rotating magnetic field is set here so that the torque

FIG. 1 shows the lateral representation of a device value equal to the just acceptable friction

for testing the friction torque of a ball bearing. 30 torque. At the end of the second phase one

FIG. 2 shows, as a sequence diagram, the temporal course of the person by observing the rotational state of the test object, the field strength H and the rotational frequency f of the driver, with ease, whether the test object still has the value of

Magnetic field in one embodiment of the method. has exceeded acceptable friction torque and

FIG. 3 shows, looking in the direction of the axis, which is therefore of poor quality.

matic structure of a drive part in which the fixed magnetic field is brought into contact with the permanent magnetic field during a standing magnetic coil on an annular core. Body acts is the sum of the time spans for the first

Figure 4 shows the side view of the drive part of the phase and for the second phase. If the determination of the

Device with a water meter counter that is not currently under-rotating state, so the values are looking for mechanical assembly. 40 the frequency and field strength maintained beyond the second phase until the detection of the rotational state

Figure 1 illustrates the device according to the invention is complete. The minimum duration mentioned above

and the corresponding procedure based on an arrangement is then arranged around this value. The duration of the first phase voltage for comparing the torque required for rotating the inner part 1.1 or the magnitude of the rotational acceleration of a ball bearing 1 is chosen with a 45 that the maximum transmissible torque

Reference value. In the inner part 1.1 of the ball bearing, which is much larger than the sum of the spin

rotatable mechanical element, is an auxiliary body 2 input torque and the torque required to rotate the mechanical, on which a permanent magnetic body 3 elements. In the mentioned application

(Magnetic poles N and S) with a non-zero case of application, it is also useful to fix the duration of the first phase magnetic dipole moment. The electronic so extend beyond the minimum value to before the

Control part 4 excites via connecting line 5 which, when the second phase is initiated,

Drive part 6 attached magnet coils in the drive part 8 hung sufficient uniformity of the distribution of the phase during a finite period of time to achieve such lubricant in the ball bearing. The duration of the shifted sinusoidal alternating currents, the periodic second phase, depends primarily on the applied

electrical currents that a frequency rotated with respect to the axis A-A, the moment of inertia of the rotating magnetic field arises. This rotating magnetic field - mass and the occurring friction torque. Advantage-

indicated by the lines F-F - acts as a driving force for the duration of the second phase in the ratio of permanent magnetic body 3 and via the auxiliary body at the expiry time in the event of non-rotation

2 selected by static friction on the inner part 1.1 of the ball bearing that at the end of the second phase, the rotating state

1. This arrangement has a maximum transferable torque 60 which is easily ascertainable.

3, which schematically illustrates the annular strength and proportional to the magnetic dipole moment core 7 made of soft magnetic material and which is thereupon of the permanent magnetic body. Both the fre-attached, fixed magnetic coils 8,8 ', 8 ", 8" of the quenz, as well as the amplitude of the phase-shifted drive part of the device. In this coil arrangement, sinusoidal alternating currents and thus also the rotary frequency 6s are made on each quadrant of the toroidal core 7 from transformer plates.

frequency and the strength of the rotating magnetic field, a magnetic coil made of enamelled copper wire is attached to the belt.

Control part of the device adjustable. brings. Two opposite coils 8-8 ', 8 "-8"'

The sequence of an embodiment of the method is connected in series. Of the two ways that

673 337 4

To connect opposite magnetic coils in series is built-in permanent magnetic body 12 - for the device according to the invention only that of evaluates and is also taken into account for the torque comparison. Interest in which magnetic poles of the same name arise on the- The control part of the device also contains an electro-same coil sides. This results in an electronic circuit which defines the amplitude and frequency of the diametrical magnetic field. Each of the four coils has the same number of turns, which excites the magnetic coils of the drive part. The control section now excites the two currents automatically after actuation of a switch in such a way that coil pairs with two sinusoidal, 90 ° controls against each other, that during a first phase the amplitude of the phase-shifted alternating currents with the same amplitude current is at the maximum value and the frequency continuously increases, whereby in the vicinity of the axis of the toroid rises from zero to a set value. While a uniformly rotating, diametrical magnetic field arises in a subsequent second phase at a constant frequency, and thanks to the even distribution of the soft magnetic, the amplitude of the current, on the other hand, is smaller. The end of the second phase, cf. magnetic body. The magnet Figure 2, by reaching a preselected number of coils and the soft magnetic core are so dimensio- revolutions of the rotating magnetic field during the second that the field strength of the rotating magnetic field is automatically determined within the phase and proportional to the acoustic and / of the desired tolerance limit Ampli- or communicated by an optical signal.

tude of exciting alternating currents. When examining a type of water meter counter

In cases of application, it is advantageous, if it was possible to show that the duration of the second phase

whose external magnetic constant field is correspondingly chosen by addition until at least 500

Direct currents to the sinusoidal alternating currents 20 revolutions were carried out. This will compensate more. Combinations of gear tooth flanks in the test

The dimensioning of the magnetic coils and the core, taken into account for a shorter duration of the second phase, results for the person skilled in the art from the individual frequency required. The rotational frequency used was 8 Hz.

field strength, from the laws of magnetism and to measure the rotating mechanical element from experimental studies. 25 required torque, the inventive

In another embodiment of the method, the starting torque of, for example, a ball bearing is repeatedly used with different reference values in such a way that the reference values are compared with a reference value. This is the strength of the measurement technology and applied mathematics

Magnetic field to the iteration method known to the reference value, the measured value sought is set up and the rotational frequency of the driving magnet 30 is adjusted to the desired and technically possible accuracy.

field slowly increased. fork. In another version of the application of the

In a further embodiment, the method is based on the problem of measuring the torque and the device is designed accordingly, the reference value is based on the maximum value in time.

that the drive part reduces several rotating magnetic fields with locally proportional, until the mechanical element does not generate different positions of the axes of rotation and thus rotates the 35 more synchronously. The elapsed time enables the simultaneous examination of several test specimens. proportional to the desired torque.

FIG. 4 shows the application of the invention for assessment. A further embodiment additionally contains a smoothness of the smooth operation of a magnetically coupled electronic computer circuit, which represents the iterative rotary water meter counter 10. Such counters torque measurement with the aid of the signals of a Hall form part of water meters and 40 sensors are carried out automatically, and the control part is connected to a unit via a magnetic coupling from the so-called hydraulic to the drive part.

Part of the water meter driven. The smoothness of the formwork required to implement the invention

Counter is essential for a high sensitivity and the expert realizes, for example, with a large measuring range of the water meter. A permanently modern electronic components like VCO, analog

In this application, the demagnetic body 12 is 45 switches, triangle-sine converters or circuits, which already process microprocesses in the mechanical element to be examined, which approximate sinusoidal currents by means of pulses.

Drive axis 11, installed and usually magnetized so that 4 sensors etc.

Magnetic poles N, S, N, S are present and the dipole mo- tors that are required to carry out the process compensate each other. The maximum transferable magnetic field can also by other means such. B. with dre-torque - the reference value - is in this case in this permanent magnet, fixed cylindrical approximation proportional to the field strength gradient in Rieh solenoid coils or ironless Helmholtz coils, as magnetization of the axis of rotation. The field strength gradient is proportional coil, can be achieved. Further applications of the field strength method and in the coil arrangement according to FIG. 3 rens also arise in particular in cases where this is only slightly dependent on the position. In this embodiment, a torque to be compared with a reference value is used as a variable derived from the permanent magnetic body 3 in the drive part SS for indirect assessment of a further 6 a Hall sensor 9 as a magnetic field sensor in such a way that physical quantity serves. The invention also includes the use of an additional, permanent element of the permanent magnetic body 3, which, of course, also reacts primarily to the axially parallel magnetic field component. The auxiliary axis does not work.

Signal of the Hall sensor 9 is by an electronic The demanding scope of the invention is not based on

Circuit in the control part with respect to the state of rotation 60 the examples described here of embodiments of the test specimen (synchronous rotation: yes / no), as well as the method, the devices or the applications with regard to the strength of the magnetization of the in the counter limited.

B

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (3)

673337 2 PATENT CLAIMS 10. Device according to claim 6, thereby 1. A method for comparing the size of the for turning that the drive part (6) contains at least one of a mechanical element (1.1) required torque magnetic field sensor (9). ment with a reference value, characterized in that, during a finite period of time, a rotating magnetic field (FF) acts on at least one permanent magnetic body (3) connected to the mechanical element in such a way that the rotating state of the DESCRIPTION mechanical element is determined and The present invention relates to a method for establishing that the mechanical element follows the rotating, io equal to the magnitude of a torque with a reference driving magnetic field either synchronously rotating, applications of the method and a corresponding or not, it is concluded that the for rotating the device for performing the method. Elements required torque in the first case at most as follows. The invention relates to the problem of assessing is as large as the reference value and, in the second case, is greater than the magnitude of the torques, as it is for example the reference value, the reference value being equal to the is caused by the friction when a mechanical element maximum transmissible torque, which is rotated by the ment. In many applications there is a Strength of the rotating magnetic field, as well as by such a mechanical element either from a single magnetic properties of the permanent magnetic axis or from within a compound Body is determined. mechanical assembly with further mechanical construction 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that 20 parts have a related axis. Examples of such that during the finite period of time the strength of the anti-mechanical assemblies are rolling bearings, gear drives, rotating magnetic field is changed. or also revolution counters, as they are with water meters 3. The method according to claim 2, thereby to be used. indicates that the finite period of time includes a first phase with increasing torques (f) and a subsequent 25, which are necessary to overcome the friction, especially if the individual components contain a second phase during which the maximum value (H2) of the or> Assemblies in instruments and measuring devices Strength of the magnetic field is less than the minimum value (Hl) can be set. In such cases, both the strength of the magnetic field becomes common during the first phase. Sensitivity, as well as the measurement accuracy through the 4. Application of the method according to claim 1 for frictional resistance deteriorates. Assessment of the smooth running of counters (10) of 30 for both the development and manufacture, as well as for Volume meters. the maintenance of mechanical elements and assemblies 5. Application of the method according to claim 1 for there is therefore the need for a suitable method and measurement of the required for rotating the mechanical element for a corresponding device for comparing the actual torque through the systematic application of sizes of the torques required for turning with comparison steps various known 35 a reference value. Reference values in such a way that the reference value is used for the assessment of the friction torques of peak measuring torque approximates. The use of a Ferraris engine was used in the central bearings 6. Device for carrying out the method according to mentioned (R. Kölzner. Dissertation Technical University claim 1 with a control part (4) and a Dresden, 1964/65). In this method, the vortex drive part (6), characterized in that the control part 40 currents in an electrically conductive disk supplies a phase-shifted periodic electrical current, generates torque according to the known torque and to the switch in the drive part by means of a search for the drive part mechanical element transmitted. From the observation stationary magnetic coils (8,8 ', 8 ", 8"') are converted into at least one caution of the rotating magnetic field which is possible under the applied conditions. wise generated rotation of the disc or the mechanical 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized 45 elements can be drawn on the torque required for turning that the magnetic coils (8,8 ', 8 ", 8"') are made to at least one statement. In order to generate the vortex at least one ring-shaped core (7) with soft magnetic currents or the driving torque, strong properties are attached and interconnected, alternating current magnetic fields are necessary, which means that when excited with suitable phase-shifted periodic air gaps between the poles of the electromagnets electrical currents in the vicinity of the axis and thus complicates the assembly of the disk, the ring-shaped core a diametrically rotating magnet. The application of the alternating current results in a field. jerky accelerations in different directions, 8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that, for example, when measuring friction torque, the control part (4) influences an electronic circuit, the measurement results. to control the frequency and the amplitude of the ss For instrument mechanics and also for manufacturers Magnetic coils of the drive part which excite periodic water meter counters are used to determine the electrical currents which small pinwheels are in use during a first rotational resistance. The Phase an increasing frequency and during a post-pressure of a gas which flows through a nozzle the second phase following the pinwheel compared to the minimum value, is a measure of the torque generated, the amplitude decreased during the first phase 60 In addition to the sometimes unsatisfactory reproducibility, at Maximum value of the amplitude during this second phase of dynamic measurements adversely affects the fact that it does. generated torque from the speed of the wind 9. Device according to patent claim 8, characterized thereby depends. records that the end of the second phase by the further could be used for torque measurements Reaching a certain number of revolutions of the conventional method can be considered in order to compare a permanent magnetic field during this second phase with defined torque with a reference value. This is, and that subsequent electronic circuitry processes are mostly based on the deformation of an elastic a signal is given. see body. For the measurement of small torques 3 673337 often illustrates the twist of a fine, stretched quartz thread sequence diagram of Figure 2. The strength applied. This method H of the driving rotary magnetic field, which is simple in principle, and its rotary frequency but requires extraordinary care and tends to quenz f are recorded depending on the time t. Select pronounced vibrations. During a first phase, a rotating magnetic field is generated by the The previous methods sometimes also require additional strength H1, the rotational frequency of which slowly increases. Bearings, which causes a reduction in accuracy, the maximum torque that can be transmitted at this field strength are sensitive to handling or they are ment is much larger than the sum of the turning imprecise and they are poorly suited for standard test acceleration torque and for turning the mechanical exercises. African element required torque. The auxiliary