CH671839A5 - Bank cheque - Google Patents
Bank cheque Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH671839A5 CH671839A5 CH430587A CH430587A CH671839A5 CH 671839 A5 CH671839 A5 CH 671839A5 CH 430587 A CH430587 A CH 430587A CH 430587 A CH430587 A CH 430587A CH 671839 A5 CH671839 A5 CH 671839A5
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- holograms
- paper support
- writings
- areas
- check
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
- G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
- G07F7/086—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means by passive credit-cards adapted therefor, e.g. constructive particularities to avoid counterfeiting, e.g. by inclusion of a physical or chemical security-layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
- D21H21/42—Ribbons or strips
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/08—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means
- G06K19/10—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means at least one kind of marking being used for authentication, e.g. of credit or identity cards
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
- G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
- G06Q20/343—Cards including a counter
- G06Q20/3433—Cards including a counter the counter having monetary units
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
- G07F7/02—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by keys or other credit registering devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Strategic Management (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Machine Translation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION
La presente invenzione riguarda una carta di credito del tipo comprendente un supporto cartaceo sul quale sono visibili aree destinate ad accogliere scritte. Queste scritte possono essere inerenti all'importo monetario attribuito al titolo di credito, al beneficiario dell'importo e ad eventuali limitazioni d'uso del titolo di credito stesso. The present invention relates to a credit card of the type comprising a paper support on which areas intended to receive writing are visible. These writings may be related to the monetary amount attributed to the credit title, to the beneficiary of the amount and to any limitations on the use of the credit title itself.
Un esempio di carte fungenti da titoli di credito del tipo in oggetto è rappresentato dagli assegni bancari, ai quali si farà particolare riferimento, a titolo puramente indicativo, nel corso della presente descrizione. An example of cards acting as credit securities of the type in question is represented by bank checks, to which particular reference will be made, purely by way of example, in the course of this description.
Come è noto i titoli di credito, quali ad esempio gli assegni bancari, sono sostanzialmente costituiti da un supporto cartaceo sul quale sono identificate, a mezzo stampa, diverse aree su cui devono essere apportate, all'atto dell'emissione dell'assegno, diverse scritte inerenti all'importo monetario all'assegno, al beneficiario di tale importo, nonché ad eventuali limitazioni di utilizzazione dell'assegno stesso. Le scritte inerenti alle limitazioni d'utilizzazione possono per esempio essere rappresentate dalla dicitura «NON TRASFERIBILE», in presenza della quale l'assegno non può essere girato a persone diverse dal beneficiario, e l'importo monetario può pertanto essere riscocco unicamente dal traente stesso o da detto beneficiario. As is well known, debt securities, such as bank checks, are substantially made up of a paper medium on which different areas are identified in the press, on which, when the check is issued, different areas must be made. written documents relating to the monetary amount to the check, to the beneficiary of this amount, as well as to any limitations on the use of the check itself. The writings relating to the limitations of use can for example be represented by the wording "NON-TRANSFERABLE", in the presence of which the check cannot be turned over to persons other than the beneficiary, and the monetary amount can therefore be cashed only by the same tractor or by said beneficiary.
Per ostacolare, nei limiti del possibile, eventuali contraffazioni dell'assegno è attualmente previsto che vengano riportati, a mezzo stampa con inchiostri speciali, opportuni motivi grafici su tutta la superficie del supporto cartaceo, e in particolare in corrispondenza delle suddette aree. Questi motivi grafici vengono realizzati in modo da risultare molto labili, ovvero in modo da essere facilmente cancellati quando, in un tentativo di contraffazione dell1 assegno, le suddette aree del supporto cartaceo vengono assoggettate ad azioni di abrasione e/o all'attacco di sostanze chimiche. I motivi grafici risultano inoltre molto complicati, in modo da poter essere difficilmente riprodotti a seguito di una loro cancellazione. In order to hinder, as far as possible, any counterfeiting of the check, it is currently envisaged that appropriate graphic motifs are printed on the entire surface of the paper support, by printing with special inks, and in particular in correspondence with the aforementioned areas. These graphic motifs are created in such a way as to be very labile, that is, in order to be easily erased when, in an attempt to counterfeit the check, the aforementioned areas of the paper support are subjected to abrasion and / or attack by chemicals . The graphic motifs are also very complicated, so that they can hardly be reproduced following their cancellation.
In questa situazione, la contraffazione dell'assegno viene sensibilmente ostacolata, in quanto dovrebbe risultare molto difficile, da parte di un contraffattore, cancellare e sostituire le scritte apportate sull'assegno senza modificarne in modo evidente la veste grafica. In this situation, counterfeiting of the check is significantly hindered, as it should be very difficult for a counterfeiter to cancel and replace the writing made on the check without evidently changing its graphic appearance.
Nonostante le forme di precauzione sopra descritte, si sono riscontrate molte falsificazioni di assegni. In altre parole, esistono contraffattori che, in modo non del tutto chiaro, riescono ad effettuare la cancellazione delle scritte senza cancellare i motivi grafici o a ripristinare questi ultimi a cancellazione avvenuta. Despite the precautionary forms described above, many counterfeit checks have been found. In other words, there are counterfeiters who, in a not completely clear way, manage to cancel the writing without canceling the graphic motifs or restore the latter once the cancellation has taken place.
Scopo della presente invenzione è sostanzialmente quello di risolvere i problemi della tecnica nota mediante un titolo di credito tale da escludere qualsiasi possibilità di contraffazione. The object of the present invention is substantially to solve the problems of the prior art by means of a credit certificate such as to exclude any possibility of counterfeiting.
Questo scopo ed altri ancora, che meglio appariranno nel corso della presente descrizione, vengono sostanzialmente raggiunti da una carta di credito caratterizzata dal fatto che comprende almeno un ologramma applicato sul supporto cartaceo in corrispondenza di almeno una di dette aree e destinato ad accogliere almeno in parte le scritte che vengono apposte nelle corrispondenti aree. Ulteriori caratteristiche e vantaggi appariranno maggiormente dalla descrizione dettagliata di una forma di esecuzione preferita ma non esclusiva di una carta di credito secondo la presente invenzione, fatta qui di seguito con riferimento agli uniti disegni, forniti a solo scopo indicativo e pertanto non limitativo nei quali: This object and others, which will become better apparent in the course of the present description, are substantially achieved by a credit card characterized in that it comprises at least one hologram applied on the paper support in correspondence with at least one of said areas and intended to receive at least in part the writings that are affixed in the corresponding areas. Further characteristics and advantages will become clearer from the detailed description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of a credit card according to the present invention, made hereinafter with reference to the attached drawings, provided for indicative and therefore non-limiting purposes only wherein:
— la figura 1 mostra un titolo di credito secondo l'invenzione, rappresentato a titolo esemplificativo da un assegno bancario; - figure 1 shows a credit security according to the invention, represented by way of example by a bank check;
— la figura 2 è una sezione ingrandita eseguita secondo la traccia II-II di figura 1. - figure 2 is an enlarged section taken along the line II-II of figure 1.
Con riferimento alle figure citate, con 1 è stata complessivamente indicata una carta di credito costituente titolo di credito secondo la presente invenzione, rappresentato da un assegno bancario. With reference to the aforementioned figures, the number 1 indicates as a whole a credit card constituting a credit according to the present invention, represented by a bank check.
Il titolo di credito 1 comprende un supporto cartaceo 2 sul quale sono identificate diverse aree destinate ad accogliere, all'atto dell'emissione dell'assegno, rispettive scritte che vengono realizzate manualmente a penna o mediante macchine da scrivere, o automaticamente mediante unità stampanti di computer. The credit title 1 includes a paper support 2 on which different areas are identified which are intended to receive, upon the issue of the check, respective writings which are made manually in pen or typewriters, or automatically by means of printing units of computer.
Più in particolare, è prevista una prima area 3 in cui deve essere scritto, in cifre, l'importo monetario attribuito all'assegno, una seconda area 4 in cui detto importo monetario viene trascritto in lettere, una trza area 5 in cui vengono riportati nome e cognome del beneficiario dell'importo ed una quarta area 6 in cui possono essere riportate scritte inerenti a limitazioni di impiego dell'assegno, quali ad esempio la dicitura «NON TRASFERIBILE». More specifically, a first area 3 is provided in which the monetary amount attributed to the check must be written in numbers, a second area 4 in which said monetary amount is transcribed in letters, a third area 5 in which are reported name and surname of the beneficiary of the amount and a fourth area 6 in which writings relating to restrictions on the use of the check may be indicated, such as, for example, the wording "NON-TRANSFERABLE".
Originalmente, in accordo con la presente invenzione, in corrispondenza di almeno una delle suddette aree è applicato un ologramma destinato ad accogliere, almeno in parte, le scritte corrispondenti all'area stessa. In una forma di realizzazione preferita, è previsto che ciascuna area, 3, 4, 5, 6, sia provvista di un rispettivo ologramma 3', 4', 5', e 6'. Ciascuno di questi ologrammi, in modo di per sè noto, è sostanzialmente costituito da un sottile supporto laminare in materiale metallico o altro sul quale è prodotta, mediante una sofisticata tecnica non descritta in quanto non rilevante ai fini dell'invenzione, un'immagine olografica. Tale immagine olografica è sostanzialmente costituita dalla riflessione di luce realizzata da una grande quantità di microscopiche asperità superficiali prodotte sul supporto olografico. Queste asperità superficiali vengono deformate e appiattite nei punti in cui, durante l'esecuzione delle scritte, vengono prodotte pressioni localizzate a seguito del passaggio della punta di una penna o su azione dei caratteri di una macchina da scrivere o altro. Pertanto le scritte apportate sugli ologrammi 3', 4', 5' e 6' non sono solamente costituite da depositi di inchiostro, ma anche da una virtuale eliminazione o ai-trazione della riflessione di luce determinata dalle deformazioni prodotte sulle asperità superficiali del supporto olografico. Originally, in accordance with the present invention, a hologram is applied in correspondence with at least one of the aforementioned areas intended to accommodate, at least in part, the writings corresponding to the area itself. In a preferred embodiment, each area 3, 4, 5, 6 is provided with a respective hologram 3 ', 4', 5 ', and 6'. Each of these holograms, in a per se known manner, is substantially constituted by a thin laminar support in metallic or other material on which a holographic image is produced, by means of a sophisticated technique not described since it is not relevant for the purposes of the invention. . This holographic image is substantially constituted by the reflection of light made by a large quantity of microscopic surface roughness produced on the holographic support. These surface roughnesses are deformed and flattened in the points where, during the execution of the writing, localized pressures are produced following the passage of the tip of a pen or on the action of the characters of a typewriter or other. Therefore the writings made on the holograms 3 ', 4', 5 'and 6' are not only made up of ink deposits, but also by a virtual elimination or atraction of the light reflection caused by the deformations produced on the surface roughness of the holographic support. .
In questa situazione, qualora un contraffattore dovesse cercare di eliminare le scritte mediante opportune sostanze chimiche che sciolgono l'inchiostro, rimarrebbero comunque visibili sugli ologrammi, a dare prova della tentata contraffazione, le scritte realizzate dalla suddetta eliminazione o alterazione delle riflessioni di luce. In this situation, if a counterfeiter tries to eliminate the writing by means of suitable chemicals that dissolve the ink, the writings created by the aforementioned elimination or alteration of light reflections would still remain visible on the holograms, to demonstrate the attempted counterfeiting.
I tentativi di contraffazione verrebbero immediatamente identificati anche se si dovesse tentare di cancellare le scritte mediante un'azione meccanica di abrasione. Ciò determinerebbe infatti un inevitabile deterioramento delle asperità superficiali del supporto olografico e, quindi, l'eliminazione dell'immagine olografica su di esso prodotta. Counterfeiting attempts would be immediately identified even if an attempt were made to cancel the writing by means of a mechanical abrasion action. This would in fact lead to an inevitable deterioration of the surface roughness of the holographic support and, therefore, the elimination of the holographic image produced on it.
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Preferibilmente, gli ologrammi 3', 4', 5' e 6' vengono applicati sul supporto cartaceo 2 mediante un processo di pressatura a caldo, eventualmente con l'ausilio di colle acriliche e simili. Una volta applicati sul supporto cartaceo 2 gli ologrammi formano, in pratica, un corpo unico col medesimo, in modo che risulta praticamente impossibile rimuovere uno o più degli ologrammi senza provocare visibili abrasioni sul supporto cartaceo. Preferably, the holograms 3 ', 4', 5 'and 6' are applied on the paper support 2 by means of a hot pressing process, possibly with the aid of acrylic glues and the like. Once applied on the paper support 2, the holograms form, in practice, a single body with the same, so that it is practically impossible to remove one or more of the holograms without causing visible abrasions on the paper support.
Può essere inoltre vantaggiosamente previsto che, durante il processo di pressatura, sul supporto cartaceo 2 vengano anche prodotte, come appare da figura 2, depressioni superficiali nelle aree occupate dagli ologrammi. In questo modo, qualora un contraffattore dovesse riuscire ad asportare uno o più degli ologrammi dal supporto cartaceo 2, la presenza delle depressioni superficiali su quest'ultimo darebbe prova evidente dell'avvenuta contraffazione. It can also advantageously be provided that, during the pressing process, surface depressions are also produced on the paper support 2, as shown in Figure 2, in the areas occupied by the holograms. In this way, if a counterfeiter were able to remove one or more of the holograms from the paper support 2, the presence of superficial depressions on the latter would give clear proof of the counterfeiting.
La presente invenzione raggiunge così gli scopi proposti. Nel titolo di credito in oggetto viene infatti sfruttata la relativa delicatezza e labilità delle immagini prodotte sugli ologrammi per eliminare qualsiasi possibilità di contraffazione. Va a tale proposito considerato che, una volta alterate, le immagini olografiche non possono essere più ripristinate, dato che l'esecuzione di questa operazione presenterebbe difficoltà tecniche praticamente insuperabili. Infatti, a tutt'oggi, la produzione di immagini olografiche non può essere ottenuta su un supporto olografico s già applicato su carta e, in ogni caso, richiede l'impiego di tecniche estremamente avanzate, con l'adozione di impianti utilizzanti fonti laser a bassa frequenza ed aventi considerevoli costi di installazione e gestione. The present invention thus achieves the proposed objects. The relative delicacy and lability of the images produced on the holograms is in fact exploited in the credit security in question to eliminate any possibility of counterfeiting. In this regard, it should be considered that, once altered, the holographic images can no longer be restored, since the execution of this operation would present practically insurmountable technical difficulties. In fact, to date, the production of holographic images cannot be obtained on a holographic support already applied on paper and, in any case, requires the use of extremely advanced techniques, with the adoption of systems using laser sources at low frequency and having considerable installation and management costs.
Naturalmente, la presente invenzione è suscettibile di nume-io rose modifiche e varianti, tutte rientranti nell'ambito del concetto inventivo che la caratterizza. Of course, the present invention is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the inventive concept which characterizes it.
In particolare, non sono vincolanti il numero, la disposizione e le dimensioni degli ologrammi disposti sul titolo di credito. Può essere previsto un solo ologramma che impegna tutte le 15 aree destinate ad accogliere scritte o anche l'intera superficie del supporto cartaceo. In particular, the number, arrangement and size of the holograms arranged on the credit certificate are not binding. A single hologram can be provided which engages all 15 areas intended to accommodate writings or even the entire surface of the paper support.
Le scritte summenzionate possono anche essere direttamente realizzate dalle immagini olografiche presentate dagli ologrammi, senza con ciò discostarsi dal concetto inventivo dell'inven-20 zione. The aforementioned writings can also be directly realized from the holographic images presented by the holograms, without thereby departing from the inventive concept of the invention.
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1 foglio disegni 1 sheet of drawings
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT2243187U IT211840Z2 (en) | 1987-09-25 | 1987-09-25 | CREDIT TITLE. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH671839A5 true CH671839A5 (en) | 1989-09-29 |
Family
ID=11196223
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH430587A CH671839A5 (en) | 1987-09-25 | 1987-11-04 | Bank cheque |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH671839A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3737784A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES1007730Y (en) |
FR (1) | FR2621149B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2209995A (en) |
IT (1) | IT211840Z2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3932505C2 (en) | 1989-09-28 | 2001-03-15 | Gao Ges Automation Org | Data carrier with an optically variable element |
DE59005737D1 (en) * | 1989-12-01 | 1994-06-23 | Landis & Gyr Business Support | Arrangement to improve the security against forgery of a document of value. |
DE4002979A1 (en) * | 1990-02-01 | 1991-08-08 | Gao Ges Automation Org | Banknote with optically variable security elements - are transformed and pressed onto smooth surface to form hologram or relief pattern |
GB9106128D0 (en) † | 1991-03-22 | 1991-05-08 | Amblehurst Ltd | Article |
ES2064238B1 (en) * | 1992-11-24 | 1997-08-01 | Nacional Moneda Timbre | PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING SECURITY PAPER. |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3412493A (en) * | 1966-05-02 | 1968-11-26 | Ibm | Tamper-proof record structure |
DE1646225C3 (en) * | 1967-01-12 | 1975-08-28 | Addressograph-Multigraph Corp., Cleveland, Ohio (V.St.A.) | Identity document and process for its production |
DE1632482A1 (en) * | 1968-01-05 | 1970-07-09 | Adrema Werke Gmbh | Identification card made of plastic |
CH574144A5 (en) * | 1974-07-19 | 1976-03-31 | Landis & Gyr Ag | |
CH594936A5 (en) * | 1975-11-17 | 1978-01-31 | Landis & Gyr Ag | |
GB2092952A (en) * | 1981-02-18 | 1982-08-25 | Silver David Selwyn | Identification method |
DE3422908C2 (en) * | 1984-06-20 | 1986-04-30 | Leonhard Kurz GmbH & Co, 8510 Fürth | Embossing foil, in particular hot stamping foil, with a surface that can be written on |
GB2181993A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-07 | Bpcc Holographic Security Syst | Method and means for preventing counterfeiting of documents |
-
1987
- 1987-09-25 IT IT2243187U patent/IT211840Z2/en active
- 1987-11-04 CH CH430587A patent/CH671839A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-11-05 GB GB8725935A patent/GB2209995A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-11-06 DE DE19873737784 patent/DE3737784A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-11-13 ES ES8703531U patent/ES1007730Y/en not_active Expired
- 1987-12-01 FR FR8716661A patent/FR2621149B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES1007730Y (en) | 1989-09-01 |
GB2209995A (en) | 1989-06-01 |
DE3737784A1 (en) | 1989-04-06 |
IT211840Z2 (en) | 1989-05-25 |
FR2621149A1 (en) | 1989-03-31 |
ES1007730U (en) | 1989-03-01 |
IT8722431V0 (en) | 1987-09-25 |
FR2621149B1 (en) | 1991-08-16 |
GB8725935D0 (en) | 1987-12-09 |
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