CH667840A5 - Ceramic body production method - burns organic mould in oven to dry and fire mass contained - Google Patents

Ceramic body production method - burns organic mould in oven to dry and fire mass contained Download PDF

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Publication number
CH667840A5
CH667840A5 CH311185A CH311185A CH667840A5 CH 667840 A5 CH667840 A5 CH 667840A5 CH 311185 A CH311185 A CH 311185A CH 311185 A CH311185 A CH 311185A CH 667840 A5 CH667840 A5 CH 667840A5
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
ceramic
mold
mass
mould
oven
Prior art date
Application number
CH311185A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Vladimir Kubicek
Original Assignee
Sulzer Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer Ag filed Critical Sulzer Ag
Priority to CH311185A priority Critical patent/CH667840A5/en
Publication of CH667840A5 publication Critical patent/CH667840A5/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/26Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
    • B28B1/261Moulds therefor
    • B28B1/262Mould materials; Manufacture of moulds or parts thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/32Packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit or module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/34Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
    • B28B7/342Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials which are at least partially destroyed, e.g. broken, molten, before demoulding; Moulding surfaces or spaces shaped by, or in, the ground, or sand or soil, whether bound or not; Cores consisting at least mainly of sand or soil, whether bound or not
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/34Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
    • B28B7/344Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials from absorbent or liquid- or gas-permeable materials, e.g. plaster moulds in general
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/04Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of ceramic; of concrete; of natural stone
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/322Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/32203Sheets
    • B01J2219/3221Corrugated sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/322Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/32203Sheets
    • B01J2219/32213Plurality of essentially parallel sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/322Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/32203Sheets
    • B01J2219/32248Sheets comprising areas that are raised or sunken from the plane of the sheet
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/324Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/32425Ceramic

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

The method produces ceramic filler bodies by delivering a free-flowing suspension containing ceramic ingredients (22) into a mould of organic and porous material (10, 12). Sufficient liquid is extracted from the suspension through the mould to leave behind a ceramic mass which can be fired or sintered, this and the mould being then inserted in an oven. The mould is burnt and/or gasified, leaving no residue, drying and firing or sintering the mass in the process. USE - Forms complex structures of large surface area without any distortion during drying and firing.

Description

       

  
 



   BESCHREIBUNG



   Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Form zur Herstellung keramischer Füllkörper sowie nach dem Verfahren hergestellte keramische Füllkörper.



   Die Herstellung keramischer Füllkörper, z. B. flächenartiger Gebilde, erfolgt ausser durch Giessen insbesondere durch Formoder Strangpressen eines Rohlings aus Keramikmasse, welcher nachher in einem Ofen getrocknet und durch keramischen Brand verfestigt wird.



   Dieses Herstellungsverfahren hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass die Keramikmasse eine verhältnismässig feste Konsistenz im Sinne einer knetbaren Masse aufweisen muss. Sollen z. B. grosse flächenartige Gebilde daraus hergestellt werden, so sind aufwendige Pressen sowie hohe Pressdrücke erforderlich, und es ist schwierig, die derart hergestellten, noch mehr oder weniger weichen Rohlinge ohne Deformation aus der Form zu lösen und in den Ofen zu bringen.



   Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren sowie eine Form zur Herstellung eines keramischen Füllkörpers zu schaffen, welche auch die Hervorbringung komplexer, grossflächiger Strukturen erlaubt, ohne irgendwelche Deformation im Zusammenhang mit dem Trocknungs- und Brandvorgang.



   Diese Aufgabe wird mit Hilfe der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Die Ansprüche 2 bis 5 enthalten vorteilhafte Formen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäss dem Anspruch 1, während die Ansprüche 6 bis 9 vorteilhafte Anwendungen eines erfindungsgemäss hergestellten Füllkörpers betreffen. Mit Hilfe der Erfindung lässt sich erreichen, dass die keramische Komponenten enthaltende Suspension in situ zum Rohling verdickt wird und dass dieser Rohling ebenfalls in situ, d. h. ohne irgendwelchen mechanischen Formlösevorgang, direkt zum fertigen Keramikteil gebrannt wird. Es können dabei auch sehr komplexe Oberflächenkonfigurationen bzw. Strukturierungen der Oberfläche erhalten werden.



   Die nähere Erläuterung der Erfindung erfolgt anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit nachstehender   Weich    nung. Es zeigen:
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung, teilweise im Schnitt einer Form und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens;
Fig. 2 einen gemäss Fig. 1 hergestellten keramischen Körper in Gestalt einer gewellten Platte;
Fig. 3 eine Variante gemäss Fig. 3 mit abgewinkelten Krümmern und strukturierter Oberfläche.



   Zwei geformte Schalen 10,12 aus saugfähiger Zellulosemasse, z. B. Kartonmasse, sind an ihren Endkanten 14, 16 durch eine nicht dargestellte Press- oder Haltevorrichtung zusammengehalten. Durch die Zuleitung 18 wird über die Pumpe 20 eine keramische Komponenten enthaltende dickflüssige Suspension, bestehend aus 30% Kaolin, 25% Feldspat, 15% Quarz und 28,5% Wasser sowie 1,5% Soda in den Formhohlraum 22 eingeführt. Dabei findet ein Dräniervorgang statt, indem die Flüssigkeit der Suspension entzogen und durch die Kartonmasse   aufgesaugt wird. Im Trocknungs- und Sinterofen 24, dessen    Wände mit 26, 28 bezeichnet sind, wird über ein Heissluftgebläse 30 trockene heisse Luft zugeführt und die feuchte Luft durch den Absaugventilator 32 abgeführt.

  Hier werden die geformten Schalen 10, 12 durch nicht dargestellte elektrische Heizelemente während ca. 6 Stunden bei 70   0C    getrocknet, dann auf die Brandtemperatur 1400   0C    erhitzt und 3 Stunden bei dieser Temperatur gehalten, wobei die Verbrennungsgase ebenfalls durch den Absaugventilator 32 fortgeschafft werden, bis nur noch der fertige keramische Körper 34 gemäss Fig. 2 zurückbleibt. Dieser besteht aus einer gewellten Platte mit etwa parallelen Wellentälern 36.



   Bei der Variante nach Fig. 3 sind die Wellentäler 38 etwa rechtwinklig gekrümmt, und die Oberfläche des keramischen Körpers ist strukturiert, indem durch eine Vielzahl kleiner hervorstehender   Rechteckprismen    eine Prägung bzw. Riffelung erzielt wird.



   Es versteht sich, dass dieOberflächenstrukturierungbeliebig gewählt sein kann, sie kann z. B. Durchbrüche beliebiger Gestalt aufweisen oder Aufrauhungen in bestimmten Musterungen und Korngrössen aufweisen. Dies wird erzielt durch entsprechende Gestaltung der Form.



   Die geformten Schalen 10, 12 werden in bekannter Art und Weise, z. B. durch Vakuumformen und Trocknen einer Zellulosefaser-Aufschlämmung, bestehend aus Holzschliff, Leim und Wasser, hergestellt. Sie können z. B. auch aus Kunststoff, wie geblähtem Polystyrol (z. B.   Styropor)    bestehen. Dabei kann das Polystyrol z. B. porös bzw. saugfähig eingestellt sein oder kleine Durchtrittsöffnungen zur Dränierung der Flüssigkeit aufweisen.



   Insbesondere eignet sich das Verfahren auch für komplexe, hinterschnittene Strukturen, welche durch normale Formtrennverfahren nicht hergestellt werden können. 



  
 



   DESCRIPTION



   The invention relates to a method and a mold for producing ceramic fillers and ceramic fillers produced by the method.



   The production of ceramic fillers, e.g. B. sheet-like structures, in addition to casting, in particular by molding or extrusion of a blank made of ceramic mass, which is then dried in an oven and solidified by ceramic firing.



   However, this manufacturing process has the disadvantage that the ceramic mass must have a relatively firm consistency in the sense of a kneadable mass. Should z. B. large sheet-like structures are made from it, expensive presses and high pressures are required, and it is difficult to release the so produced, more or less soft blanks without deformation from the mold and bring them into the furnace.



   The object of the invention is to provide a method and a mold for producing a ceramic filler which also allows the production of complex, large-area structures without any deformation in connection with the drying and firing process.



   This object is achieved with the aid of the features specified in claim 1. Claims 2 to 5 contain advantageous forms for carrying out the method according to claim 1, while claims 6 to 9 relate to advantageous applications of a packing produced according to the invention. With the help of the invention it can be achieved that the suspension containing ceramic components is thickened in situ to the blank and that this blank is also in situ, i. H. is fired directly to the finished ceramic part without any mechanical mold release process. Very complex surface configurations or structuring of the surface can also be obtained.



   The invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the following softening. Show it:
Figure 1 is a perspective view, partly in section of a mold and device for performing the method.
FIG. 2 shows a ceramic body produced according to FIG. 1 in the form of a corrugated plate;
Fig. 3 shows a variant according to Fig. 3 with angled elbows and structured surface.



   Two molded shells 10, 12 made of absorbent cellulose mass, e.g. B. cardboard mass, are held together at their end edges 14, 16 by a pressing or holding device, not shown. Through the feed line 18, a viscous suspension containing ceramic components, consisting of 30% kaolin, 25% feldspar, 15% quartz and 28.5% water and 1.5% soda, is introduced into the mold cavity 22 via the pump 20. A draining process takes place in that the liquid is withdrawn from the suspension and absorbed by the cardboard mass. In the drying and sintering furnace 24, the walls of which are designated 26, 28, dry hot air is fed in via a hot air blower 30 and the moist air is removed by the suction fan 32.

  Here, the shaped shells 10, 12 are dried by electrical heating elements, not shown, at 70 ° C. for about 6 hours, then heated to the fire temperature 1400 ° C. and held at this temperature for 3 hours, the combustion gases also being removed by the exhaust fan 32 until only the finished ceramic body 34 remains according to FIG. 2. This consists of a corrugated plate with approximately parallel troughs 36.



   In the variant according to FIG. 3, the troughs 38 are curved approximately at right angles, and the surface of the ceramic body is structured in that an embossing or corrugation is achieved by a multiplicity of small protruding rectangular prisms.



   It is understood that the surface structuring can be chosen arbitrarily, e.g. B. have openings of any shape or have roughening in certain patterns and grain sizes. This is achieved by designing the shape accordingly.



   The shaped shells 10, 12 are made in a known manner, e.g. B. by vacuum forming and drying a cellulose fiber slurry consisting of wood pulp, glue and water. You can e.g. B. also made of plastic, such as expanded polystyrene (z. B. Styrofoam). The polystyrene z. B. be set porous or absorbent or have small openings for draining the liquid.



   In particular, the process is also suitable for complex, undercut structures that cannot be produced by normal mold separation processes.


    

Claims (9)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung keramischer Füllkörper, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man eine keramische Komponen- ten enthaltende fliessfähige Suspension in eine Form aus organi schem, dränierfähigem Material bringt, wobei durch die Form der Suspension soviel Flüssigkeit entzogen wird, dass eine brenn bzw. sinterbare keramische Masse in den Formhohlräumen zurückbleibt und dass die Form mitsamt der keramischen Masse in einen Ofen gebracht wird zwecks Trocknung und Brand bzw.  PATENT CLAIMS 1. A process for the production of ceramic fillers, characterized in that a flowable suspension containing ceramic components is brought into a form made of organic, drainable material, the amount of liquid being withdrawn by the shape of the suspension that a combustible or sinterable ceramic Mass remains in the mold cavities and that the mold together with the ceramic mass is placed in an oven for drying and firing or Sinterung der keramischen Masse bei im wesentlichen rückstandsloser Verbrennung und/oder Vergasung der Form. Sintering of the ceramic mass with essentially residue-free combustion and / or gasification of the mold. 2. Form zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch geformte Schalen aus Zellulosemasse, welche paarweise unter Formhohlraumbildung zusammengesetzt sind sowie eine Zufuhröffnung für die Suspension.  2. Mold for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized by shaped shells made of cellulose mass, which are assembled in pairs with the formation of mold cavities and a feed opening for the suspension. 3. Form nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die der keramischen Masse zugewandte Oberfläche der geformten Schalen strukturiert ist.  3. Mold according to claim 2, characterized in that the surface of the shaped shells facing the ceramic mass is structured. 4. Form nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberfläche geprägt ist.  4. Form according to claim 2, characterized in that the surface is embossed. 5. Form nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die geformten Schalen durch Formen und Trocknen einer Zellulosefaser-Aufschlämmung hergestellt sind.  5. Mold according to claim 3, characterized in that the molded shells are made by molding and drying a cellulose fiber slurry. 6. Nach dem Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 hergestellter keramischer Füllkörper zur Verwendung für Stoffaustauschvorrichtungen.  6. According to the method of claim 1 manufactured ceramic filler for use in mass transfer devices. 7. Nach dem Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 hergestellter keramischer Füllkörper zur Verwendung für Wärmeaustauschvorrichtungen.  7. Ceramic filler produced by the method according to claim 1 for use in heat exchange devices. 8. Nach dem Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 hergestellter keramischer Füllkörper zur Verwendung für Mischvorrichtungen.  8. Ceramic filler produced by the method of claim 1 for use in mixing devices. 9. Nach dem Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 hergestellter keramischer Füllkörper zur Verwendung für Trennvorrichtungen.  9. According to the method of claim 1 manufactured ceramic filler for use in separation devices.
CH311185A 1985-07-18 1985-07-18 Ceramic body production method - burns organic mould in oven to dry and fire mass contained CH667840A5 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH311185A CH667840A5 (en) 1985-07-18 1985-07-18 Ceramic body production method - burns organic mould in oven to dry and fire mass contained

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH311185A CH667840A5 (en) 1985-07-18 1985-07-18 Ceramic body production method - burns organic mould in oven to dry and fire mass contained

Publications (1)

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CH667840A5 true CH667840A5 (en) 1988-11-15

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0446665A1 (en) * 1990-03-14 1991-09-18 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Process for the production of a shaped product from metallic or ceramic powder

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0446665A1 (en) * 1990-03-14 1991-09-18 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Process for the production of a shaped product from metallic or ceramic powder

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