CH650106A5 - Device and method for producing a connection between at least two electrical conductors - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device for producing a connection of at least two electrical conductors and a method for producing the connection of at least two electrical conductors by means of the device according to the invention and an electrical connection of at least two electrical conductors obtained thereby.

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Devices and methods are already known for at least partially encasing, encapsulating, fixing and / or connecting at least one object to one another, e.g. electrical conductors for producing at least one electrical connection or connection point. For example, according to U.S. Patent 3,243,211, such a device has a heat recoverable or heat shrinkable sleeve and at least an amount of fusible material therein, e.g. from polymer material or from inorganic material, such as solder. The electrical connection is then e.g. by inserting the conductors into the sleeve containing the amount of solder and then applying heat to cause the amount of solder to melt and either heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve.

A heat-shrinkable sleeve with an amount of solder arranged inside is also known from other patents. For example, the connector of US Pat. No. 3,324,230 has a connector pin or the like, an amount of solder, and a heat-deformable sleeve fixedly attached, one end of which is brought into close contact with the pin by heat. The device according to US Pat. No. 3,313,772 has a heat-shrinkable sleeve, a ring of a quantity of solder contained therein and an earth conductor, a section of which is arranged between the ring and the sleeve.

However, all these known devices have not proven themselves in many fields of application or have been unsuitable. For example, the connection device according to US Pat. No. 3,324,230 is designed in such a way that it facilitates the connection of a further conductor to the end pin, but is not suitable e.g. for the ideal connection of an earth conductor to the outer conductor of a coaxial cable. The latter allows the device of US Pat. No. 3,312,772, but it fails in other fields of application or causes great difficulties.

The object of the invention is to provide a device for connecting at least two electrical conductors, in order to avoid the disadvantages of known designs and, in particular, to ensure the versatility in a simple manner with the greatest possible operational reliability.

This object is achieved for the device of the type mentioned initially by the features of claim 1, with a preferred embodiment according to claim 57 and for the method of the type mentioned by the features of claim 72.

Advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention can be achieved with the features of claims 2 to 71 and for the manufacturing method of the electrical connection of the two conductors with the features of claims 72 to 80.

The heat recoverability or heat shrinkability of the sleeves can be given to them during or after their manufacture. Furthermore, e.g. not necessarily the entire sleeve, but only a part of it, to have these properties, and e.g. also not the entire extent of the available heat recovery or heat shrinkability of the sleeve to be used to achieve the mode of operation according to the invention. Details on this are explained in detail in US Pat. Nos. 3,086,242 and 3,297,819 and the other aforementioned US Patents, so that reference is made here.

If desired or required, the amount of solder can contain a suitable amount of flux. Before attaching e.g. on the conductor to be connected, it is not necessary to e.g. associated with one of the electrically conductive parts that are infusible at the temperature to which the device is to be heated to effect the heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve and the melting of the solder and e.g., if present, the flux. The amount of solder is preferably in actual contact with the inner surface of the sleeve.

In cross section through the device, the area of the solder is preferably small in relation to the total area of the area enclosed by the sleeve in the area of the amount of solder. The same applies e.g. also for a longitudinal section through the device in the area of the amount of solder. The cross section of the device in the area of the amount of solder preferably does not extend across the center of the area enclosed by the sleeve. In such a cross section, the amount of solder also preferably does not protrude appreciably inward in the area enclosed by the sleeve. Preferably, practically all of the amount of solder is relatively close to the inner surface of the sleeve and is arranged to e.g. allows the insertion of an elongated object, for example the outer conductor of a coaxial cable, into the device. For this purpose the latter has e.g. only slightly smaller dimensions than the interior of the sleeve. It is advantageous e.g. the circumferential expansion of the solder in the sleeve is small with respect to the inner circumference of the sleeve. The amount of solder is advantageous e.g. on one or more sections of the inner periphery or surface of the sleeve, e.g. arranged in one or more segments of the sleeve. It is advantageous e.g. at least a part of the solder is arranged in a swelling of the outer circumference of the sleeve, which advantageously disappears essentially when the sleeve is thermoformed and when the solder melts. If necessary, the solder can be partially surrounded by the sleeve material, a part of the solder advantageously projecting only to a certain extent from the inner surface of the sleeve.

The amount of solder may have any desired shape, for example shaped and arranged so that when e.g. an elongate conductor, such as an earth conductor, is received in the sleeve and a portion of the elongate conductor is disposed in the vicinity of the amount of solder, at least a portion of the solder may extend between said portions of the elongate conductor and the portion of the sleeve radially outwards from the named section of the elongated conductor. To achieve this, e.g. at least a part of the amount of solder, for example essentially a C or U-shaped cross section, e.g. at least part of the outer surface of the C-shaped or U-shaped cross section is advantageously in contact with the inner surface of the sleeve.

The amount of solder may have two parts spaced apart to allow the insertion of an elongate conductor, such as an earth conductor. The two parts of the amount of solder advantageously lie in a common cross section of the sleeve and can lie close together with the sleeve without touching one another,

that, for example, an elongated conductor of relatively small diameter can be inserted between them in order to be connected to an elongated object with a larger diameter, which is also arranged in the sleeve. The two parts can be designed such that the solder can hold the elongated conductor, for example as a grounding conductor, in an essentially fixed position in the sleeve. If e.g. each of the two parts is partially enclosed by the sleeve material, and a portion of the solder may be referred to as if the sleeve material was wrapped around it, e.g. part of it from the inner surface of the sleeve. If necessary, the leader in

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held in place by the protruding parts of the solder. The two parts can, for example, be mutually opposite sections of a quantity of solder, at least one part of which is essentially C-shaped or U-shaped in cross section. Optionally, for example, the two parts can be separated from one another by two separate amounts of solder. Instead of e.g. to lie close together, two separate amounts of solder can be arranged substantially diametrically opposite one another in the sleeve or can otherwise be kept at a distance from one another. The or each amount of solder can be in the form of a pearl, if necessary.

The amount of solder can be held by and / or on the sleeve in any desired manner. At least part of the solder is advantageously arranged in a projection of the outer circumference of the sleeve. The latter disappears e.g. essentially when the sleeve shrinks and when the solder melts. Thus, for example, the sleeve can be provided with a container for the solder by heating and molding outwardly from a portion of the sleeve and by maintaining the deforming force as that sleeve portion cools. A container formed in this way tends to return to its original shape when heated and to thereby urge the solder contained therein toward the inside of the sleeve. For example, the amount of solder can optionally be arranged close to the inner wall of a sleeve, which is then partially thermoformed or heat-shrunk. This is preferably done under conditions such that the solder e.g. does not melt, so that the inner wall e.g. partially surrounds the solder that is firmly held in the sleeve. In this way e.g. an independent heat recovery of the sleeve prevented if necessary by means of thorns.

The sleeve may also have at least part of its length two compartments extending in its longitudinal direction, which are arranged side by side. That e.g. smaller compartment can have a smaller footprint with respect to the larger compartment. The amount of solder is preferably in the form of a pearl and is e.g. held in the smaller compartment, preferably gripped by the inner walls of the smaller compartment. The compartments are e.g. at least in the area of the solder and preferably over the entire length of the small compartment. In use, e.g. an elongated conductor, for example usable as an earth conductor, inserted into the smaller compartment, whereby it is guided in the direction of the solder. Upon contact with the solder, the end portion thereof can be deflected to a position in the large compartment that is aligned with the solder. The latter then works e.g. as a stop and as a guide for the solder. If e.g. an elongated article is placed in the large compartment, to which heat is then applied to reshape or shrink the sleeve and melt the solder, e.g. flow at least part of the solder into the large compartment and establish a connection between the conductor and the device. The device, whose sleeve e.g. has two compartments running in the longitudinal direction can be produced by any method, for example by means of a mandrel or by casting. It is of course also possible to use a sleeve e.g. to be used with two or more layers, e.g. The inner and outer layers work together to hold the solder in place. It is advantageous to proceed in such a way that when the sleeve shrinks and when the solder melts, the latter, if it is e.g. is not already in the desired position, e.g. is pulled into this position by the sleeve. Where e.g. Layers of a multilayer sleeve interact to hold the solder, the latter can also be held in a projection of the outer periphery of the sleeve if necessary. The latter essentially disappears when the sleeve shrinks and when the solder melts.

With a sleeve e.g. with inner and outer layers, e.g. To work together to hold the solder in place, or at least to contribute to it, the inner layer can only extend over part of the length of the outer layer. The solder e.g. in the form of a pearl or a wire, e.g. arranged close to one end within the sleeve. The inner layer is designed so that e.g. part of the solder is sandwiched between the inner and outer layers. During the installation of such a device, the inner and outer layers can work together to squeeze the solder into a desired position. In another sleeve, the inner layer can extend virtually the entire length of the outer layer, keeping the solder aligned between the layers with an opening in the inner layer through which molten solder can be forced in use. Another inner layer of the sleeve can interact with an outer layer in such a way that the solder is held in an inner layer with an open cross section. For example, a resilient inner layer with a substantially C-shaped cross-section can be used, an amount of the solder being held between the two legs of the C.

Of course, the mentioned inner layer can also be replaced by any other inner part of the sleeve that can hold the solder. Alternatively, the solder can be glued to the sleeve and thus held on the sleeve by means of, for example, a sticky flux.

If desired, the sleeve may have guiding means to determine the radial position of an elongate conductor in the sleeve and to receive the conductor. When the elongate conductor is received in the guide means in use, a portion of the elongate conductor can be positioned adjacent to at least a portion of the amount of solder. For this purpose the device e.g. an eccentrically arranged soldering and guiding means for arranging a section, preferably an end section, of a long conductor, in the vicinity of the solder. This can be a conductor for, for example, an earth conductor. At least a substantial part of the solder is preferably arranged outside the guide means. In a cross-section through a device in the region of the guide means, a wall of the guide means can to a certain extent divide the sleeve into two compartments which can be distinguished from one another, although e.g. Of course, there must be an opening in the wall so that the two compartments are also connected to each other over a part or their entire length.

The guide means preferably have a channel open at both ends, although a channel open at one end can also be advantageous, e.g. at least part of the guide means is defined by a wall of the sleeve. For example, the guide means may be at least partially defined by a portion of an inner surface of the sleeve and a portion of a surface of an insert disposed within the sleeve.

The sleeve has e.g. an outer layer and an inner layer, which e.g. partially extends only over the length of the outer layer. The guide means are e.g. at least partially defined by a portion of the inner surface of said outer layer and a portion of the outer surface of said inner layer so that the sleeve also has guiding means.

The guide means preferably have a constriction, e.g. to engage an elongated conductor received in the guide means. Although the leader

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can be pressed behind the constriction, an unintentional displacement of the conductor with respect to the device is practically prevented. If e.g. the guide means are at least partially defined by a wall of the sleeve, the narrowing is advantageously caused by an impression in the wall of the sleeve. If e.g. If a multi-layer sleeve is used, the impression can, if desired, be made in the wall of a layer which forms part of the sleeve.

The device preferably also has a stop, e.g. limit the axial penetration of the conductor into the sleeve, which is received in the sleeve during use. If the sleeve e.g. Has guide means, the device advantageously also has a stop, e.g. limit the axial penetration of an elongated conductor into the sleeve, which is received in the guide means. The stop can be formed, for example, by a section of the inner wall of the sleeve and / or by the amount of solder. The sleeve can be given a suitable shape by suitable pre-shrinking, namely of at least a portion of the sleeve and by means of a dome which is shaped in a suitable manner. The stop is preferably arranged such that it is kept at a distance from the end of the guide means in a longitudinal section through the sleeve. The solder is e.g. interposed, although e.g. does not necessarily have to be in axial alignment with the stop and said end of the guide means.

As already emphasized, the sleeve has at least one open end and the amount of solder is arranged eccentrically in the sleeve, e.g. farthest from the open end. A guide means serves e.g. for guiding an elongated conductor into a position in which e.g. a portion of it is in the vicinity of the solder and is e.g. at least in the area of the sleeve between the open end and the solder. Although the guide means and the solder may overlap, preferably at least a portion of the solder is further from the open end than the guide means. It is for the guide means e.g. not essential that e.g. extends to the open end or to the solder. A stop is advantageously attached, which e.g. the axial penetration of the elongated conductor into the sleeve is determined and is advantageously further from the open end than the solder. The latter is arranged so that it e.g. when melting, the elongated conductor can be electrically connected by means of an elongated object which is not accommodated in the sleeve but in the guide means.

The sleeve may have two open ends and hold an elongated electrical conductor, e.g. protrudes from at least one end of the sleeve. At least e.g. a portion of the length of the conductor within the sleeve is not insulated. The conductor is preferably intended to be used as an earth conductor and is arranged in the sleeve in such a way

that the device can be positioned around an elongated conductor when used, the outer dimensions of which, e.g. are only slightly smaller than the inner dimensions of the sleeve. The conductor then extends e.g. out of both ends of the sleeve and the amount of solder is e.g. arranged eccentrically within the sleeve on at least part of the non-insulated section and designed such that they e.g. seen in cross section does not extend around the entire inner circumference of the sleeve.

The e.g. sleeves open at both ends can have a substantially constant cross-section over their length and hold an elongated electrical conductor close to their inner surface, e.g. protrudes from at least one end of the sleeve. At least a portion of the length of the conductor within the sleeve is preferably uninsulated. The amount of solder is e.g. at least on part of the uninsulated section and can be used to establish an electrical connection within the sleeve.

The conductor can be electrically insulated or uninsulated outside the sleeve. It is preferably insulated and has the uninsulated section for producing the electrical connection inside the sleeve.

The conductor section with the amount of solder is e.g. not just a tinned section of the conductor; i.e. for devices e.g. with an elongated conductor already located therein, the term “amount of solder” means that in the cross section of the conductor section having the amount of solder, the amount of solder is in excess compared to a conductor, which is usually pre-tinned.

Preferably, such a large amount of solder is selected that it can flow sufficiently freely into an inserted conductor to which the conductor is to be connected, so that an adequate electrical connection can be established between the conductors. It is therefore preferable to provide an amount of solder that effectively creates the connection. Therefore, e.g. seen in cross section through the conductor section having the solder, the thickness of the solder layer on the conductor chosen to be at least as large as the radius of the conductor.

Has the device according to the invention e.g. If an elongated conductor is already inserted, a suitable flux can be added to the solder if required or desired, the amount of solder preferably being arranged in the area of the conductor in the sleeve. The solder is preferably arranged in such a way that an elongate conductor can be inserted into the device according to the invention, the outer dimensions of which are only slightly smaller than the inner dimensions of the sleeve. However, the solder can be applied in any manner or location as described above, e.g. such an attachment is not made difficult by other circumstances. Preferably the solder is held only by engagement with the conductor, e.g. an operative connection between the conductor and any other part, e.g. the sleeve, is not required. In any case, the solder can touch the sleeve.

The amount of solder can be of any suitable shape and can be retained on the conductor in any suitable manner. For example, it can have the shape of a pearl or another shape which, viewed in cross section, can completely surround the conductor section. With sufficient durability e.g. however, seen in cross section, the solder does not completely surround said conductor section. The amount of solder can also be suitably applied around the conductor only by wrapping a strip of solder. Independent e.g. the shape and quantity of the solder can be appropriately crimped onto the conductor. If desired or required, the amount of solder may have one or more outwardly facing portions, e.g. two tabs, e.g. to improve the anchoring of the solder and thus the conductor in the sleeve. The sleeve may be partially reshaped during manufacture to engage one or more of the outwardly facing tabs.

The conductor can also advantageously be arranged

that an elongated conductor can be inserted into the sleeve, the outer dimensions of which are only slightly smaller than the inner dimensions of the sleeve. Preferably, the conductor section is arranged inside the sleeve in a direction which is essentially parallel to the sleeve axis, and the insulated section or sections of the conductor within the sleeve abut the inner surface of the sleeve. If desired, the device can of course have two or more elongate conductors.

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The conductor can be retained in the sleeve in any suitable manner. If e.g. the sleeve and the conductor are not separated from one another during normal handling, e.g. the various components are not rigidly fixed with respect to each other. A small relative movement can of course be permissible.

The head is advantageous e.g. positioned by the interaction between the inner surface of the sleeve and the outer surface of at least one insert within the sleeve. The insert is preferably in the form of a ring or sleeve and, if desired, can be infusible at the temperature to which the device is heated in use to effect heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve and reflow of the solder. It is advantageously heat shrinkable. Preferably it is fusible at temperature so that when the device is installed the melted feed can be used to e.g. to effect an effective sealing of the connection to be made against the atmosphere. The conductor is advantageously held by the interaction between the sleeve and at least two inserts, e.g. at least one insert is located between the conductor section with the amount of solder and each end of the sleeve. In this case the amount of solder e.g. not carried by the extreme end portion of the conductor. If e.g. if only one insert is used, the solder preferably has one or more outwardly facing sections, such as a pair of tabs, in order to improve the anchoring of the solder and thus of the conductor in the sleeve.

To e.g. to hold the conductor in the sleeve, you can also use a partial heat recovery of the sleeve around the conductor. If desired, this method can be combined with the method described above, whereby the conductor can be held by one or more inserts and / or by any other method.

As previously mentioned, the conductor is preferably insulated except for a length within the sleeve that contributes to the electrical connection. It is advantageous e.g. the conductor section which contributes to the establishment of the electrical connection, not the outermost end section. A leader of e.g. with the exception of an area close to but not insulated at the end thereof, is preferably prepared by incompletely removing a short length of the insulation material. For this you cut e.g. radially through the insulation at a point in the area of the conductor end. For example, the short length of the insulation material can be pushed longitudinally over the conductor until only part of the insulation extends beyond the end of the conductor. The part of the short length of the insulation material which extends in the longitudinal direction can be cut off, so that the conductor and the separated insulation material end equally far. If the head e.g. is braided, a short length of insulation material may remain at the outermost end portion of the conductor, and help to keep the strands in the stripped portion close together and relatively stretched. If e.g. the outermost end portion of the conductor is insulated and the conductor is held in the sleeve by means of two inserts which are arranged on both sides of the amount of solder, each insert then advantageously touches an insulated section of the conductor. An insulated end portion of the conductor and an end of the sleeve may contact a flat surface during manufacture to correctly position the stripped portion of the conductor without having to hold the conductor in the desired position. This is e.g. particularly advantageous if the sleeve is aligned vertically during manufacture.

The sleeve may have first and second open ends and hold an elongated electrical conductor therein. An isolated section of the same protrudes e.g. from a first open end of the sleeve and e.g. another insulated section is inside the sleeve. A conductor section e.g. between the insulated end and the first end of the sleeve, however, is not insulated and has e.g. the amount of solder on it. The conductor is preferably held in place in the sleeve through the interaction between the sleeve and a first and a second fusible ring. one isolated section of the conductor. The first ring is e.g. located between the non-insulated portion of the conductor and the first end of the sleeve, whereas the second ring e.g. is located between the non-insulated portion of the conductor and the second end of the i5 sleeve.

The sleeve is e.g. at least partially reshapable or shrinkable upon heating and may comprise any suitable material, preferably an electrically insulating material, e.g. converted into a heat-shrinkable form or held in such a form. Examples of such materials are e.g. in U.S. Patents 3,086,242 and 3,297,819 and other patents cited above. For example, cross-linked polymer materials, for example polyvinylidene fluoride. If the sleeve 25 e.g. has two or more layers, e.g. the inner layer or layers do not have the same material as the outer layer. The sleeve is advantageous e.g. Enough translucent so that you can check the connection made inside it from the outside. 30 The sleeve can be extruded or made from a flat material in such a way that it can be heat-shrunk if desired. Here, e.g. mutually opposed edges of the sheet material are joined in any suitable manner, for example using a peroxide, a contact adhesive according to U.S. Patent 3,770,556, or an insert made of thermoplastic material and a heat-activated cross-linking agent, e.g. according to US Pat. Nos. 3,891,490, 3,927,233 and GB Pat. No. 1,512,727. In this way the sleeve can be formed. If desired, the opposite edges of the fabric can be provided with connecting means, e.g. according to U.S. Patents 3,455,336, 3,379,218, 3,530,898 and 3,574,313. If the sleeve is e.g. is formed from a sheet material, it can also be shaped so that the amount of solder e.g. holds 45 before the sleeve is formed. Heat shrinkability can be imparted to the sleeve in any way if necessary.

If the sleeve has e.g. a plurality of layers, if necessary a binder, for example in the form of a continuous or discontinuous layer, can be arranged between the layers. However, the presence of a binder is e.g. not essential. If the sleeve has inner and outer layers, the inner layer is preferably essentially infusible at the temperature at which e.g. the device is heated in use for heat recovery 55 or heat shrinking of the sleeve and for melting the solder. The inner and outer layers are preferably heat-recoverable or heat-shrinkable. If necessary, however, the inner layer can be meltable at the temperature to which the device is heated when used for heat recovery or heat shrinking of the sleeve and for melting the solder. A e.g. however, the fusible inner layer can also be formed integrally with an amount of the fusible material that is positioned when the sleeve is e.g. Guide means, between the guide means and one end of the sleeve. For example, without guide means, the arrangement is between the solder and the open end of the sleeve. The meltable material stretches

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e.g. around the entire inner circumference of the cross section of the sleeve and abuts the inner surface of the outer layer. With e.g. With the exception of the area of the guide means which may be present, the outer surface of the inner layer preferably touches the inner surface of the outer layer and / or a further layer, which can be continuous or discontinuous on the inner surface. Therefore, a single outer layer and the single inner layer can help hold the solder and deliver the guide means.

The sleeve can have any desired shape and the latter can be imparted to the sleeve by partial heat recovery around one or more suitably shaped mandrels. For example, at least a portion of the sleeve can be made resiliently deformable in cross-section and have an inner surface which e.g. differs in shape from the outer surface of an elongated object on which the device is to be installed. Under e.g. Deformation of the sleeve can be done simply by taking up the elongated object and when the deformation force decreases, the said object can then be gripped by the sleeve. If e.g. the elongate object is a cable of substantially circular cross-section, e.g. the inside of said section of the sleeve is advantageously not circular in cross-section, but preferably has two long sides and two short sides, e.g. not necessarily have to be straight. It is advantageous e.g. said section of the sleeve is essentially rectangular in cross section and the solder can be assigned to one or both short sides of the rectangle if necessary. During the installation of the device, a slight pressure can be exerted on the sides of such a sleeve with a non-round or other cross-section in order to give the sleeve a suitable cross-section. After inserting, for example, a cable into the sleeve, e.g. the pressure subsides so that sides of the sleeve hold the cable in place.

The sleeve may be open at one or both ends and optionally provided with a quantity of meltable material (e.g. meltable polymer material) or other sealing material between the solder and the one or both open ends. If the sleeve contains e.g. a fusible insert, this can form part of the fusible material. The fusible material forms e.g. a dam for the solder and prevents e.g. such a leakage of the solder from the open end (s) of the sleeve during installation of the device and / or can improve the seal to the outside at the end (s) of the sleeve. The sleeve can thus bring molten material into close contact with a conductor received in the open end of the sleeve in order to achieve a reliable seal in this way. If a suitable amount of meltable material is present, the sleeve and the material can cooperate so that sealing can be achieved even at an open end, e.g. does not pick up a ladder when in use. If the sleeve e.g. contains a quantity of fusible material or one or more other inserts, the fusible material or other insert can be fixed in the sleeve in any manner, for example by partially reshaping the sleeve over the insert (s) around the latter to hold on.

In this way, first and second electrical conductors can be electrically connected to one another. To do this, e.g. first heats the conductors in the device and then heats them for heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve and for melting the solder so as to make a connection between the conductors. Preferably, a portion of each conductor and the solder are aligned.

With e.g. The presence of guide means can also be used to electrically connect first and second electrical conductors. Here, e.g. the first conductor is positioned in any order or essentially simultaneously so that it can be accommodated in the guide means of this device. Here is e.g. a portion of the first conductor in the vicinity of the solder. Then you position e.g. the second conductor in the sleeve and heated to effect the heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve and the flow of the solder. In this way, an electrical connection between the conductors can be established. Preferably said section of the first conductor is an end section.

If the amount of solder e.g. has two parts arranged at a distance from one another, then the first conductor can preferably be positioned between these parts and touch them and be held in position by the two parts. The two parts can therefore serve as positioning means for the first conductor. The first conductor can be, for example, an earth conductor and the second conductor can be the braid of a coaxial cable, for example.

When establishing an electrical connection, e.g. the device which e.g. having a pre-installed elongated conductor and a quantity of solder on the latter, over another conductor and then heating to cause heat recovery or shrinkage of the sleeve and melting of the solder. In this way, an electrical connection can be established between the electrical conductor and the other conductor. The other conductor is preferably the outer conductor of a coaxial cable.

The manufacture of the device does not require any complicated tools or machines. If the solder is positioned eccentrically within the sleeve and held by and / or on the sleeve, the conductors to be connected can be inserted into the sleeve so that they are in the vicinity of the solder. When heated, the sleeve can then force the molten solder directly inward in the radial direction for contact with at least one, preferably both, conductors. If the solder e.g. has two closely spaced parts, it can also serve as an additional positioning device, optionally as a holding device for one of the conductors.

The device with the eccentrically positioned solder offers the possibility of establishing a connection that is only locally soldered. Therefore, the solder can be placed in the place or places where it is desired that a connection be made without using excess solder. The latter causes e.g. not only unnecessary additional costs and greater energy consumption, but can also take on undesired positions after melting. If, for example, an earth conductor is connected to the outer conductor of a coaxial cable, the device can be used in such a way that practically equal quantities of solder are in the final position and configuration on the earth conductor and on the outer conductor. Furthermore, since it is only necessary to melt the amount of solder absolutely necessary to form the connection, e.g. requires a smaller amount of heat, e.g. also reduces the risk of overheating, for example the sleeve. Conversely, it becomes possible in this way, if desired, to use a solder e.g. to be used with a higher melting point than would be necessary, for example, when using a closed ring as a solder.

If the device e.g. not only has the locally attached solder but also guide means for positioning an elongated conductor, for example an earth conductor, in a precise position with respect to the

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Solder, it can be ensured in a simple manner that, particularly when there is a stop to limit the axial movement of the elongated conductor, the latter will assume the most advantageous position for effective soldering. After heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve, the guide means may e.g. in particular if they are arranged between the inner and outer layers of the sleeve, firmly grip the elongated conductor, for example the earthing conductor, in its position and relieve the voltage. If the sleeve e.g. has more than one material layer, which serves, for example, as a guide means and / or for holding the solder, the inner layer can provide additional protection for, for example, cable insulation, which e.g. only tolerates low temperatures, so that the heat input mentioned does not harm you.

As already mentioned, at least part of the sleeve itself can be shaped such that an elongated conductor, for example a cable, can be clamped with which a connection is to be made. At least part of such a sleeve can be designed such that it is deformed during installation and, after the deformation has subsided, encompasses the cable or other objects. The fact that the sleeve encompasses the elongate article ensures that the sleeve is retained in a preferred orientation with respect to the elongate article and is preferably also held during heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve. This will e.g. supplied a means with which the exact position e.g. another object can be guaranteed with respect to the elongated object and / or for use within the sleeve.

Even if the sleeve e.g. at least partially has a substantially rectangular cross-section, it preferably also grips an elongated object positioned therein during the heat recovery or heat shrinking. The solder may also be in a preferred position with respect to the elongate object. In addition, before the heat recovery at a distance from the elongated object, portions of the sleeve with the outer surface of the elongated object can form one or more chambers in which a further conductor can be arranged in a desired position, for example with respect to the elongated object and / or the solder. The contact between the sleeve and the elongated object where the sleeve grips the cable ensures e.g. also an unchanged position of the molten and suitably positioned solder during the heat recovery or heat shrinking of the sleeve.

The eccentric position of the solder in the device according to the invention has the advantage, among other things, that e.g. a previously inserted, elongated conductor can have an amount of solder on itself. The connection with, for example, an earth conductor can then be established by e.g. attach the outer conductor of a coaxial cable only by inserting the outer conductor in the sleeve and then simply heated accordingly. The device can then be easily installed by an automatic process. In addition, the amount of solder suitable for a particular application can already be selected during the manufacture of the sleeve. By e.g. In this way, the amount of solder located on the conductor and eccentrically arranged in the sleeve gives a very well localized solder connection, without e.g. Use excess solder that can get to unwanted spots after melting.

Thereby e.g. the device according to the invention differs e.g. from that of U.S. Patent 3,312,772 which uses a full ring of solder. In practice, these known devices require a relatively large solder ring and thus a relatively thick sleeve so that there is sufficient solder at the desired location, i.e. at the point where e.g. the electrical connection between the earth conductor and the outer conductor is to be established. A considerable amount of heat is required to ensure the complete heat recovery or heat shrinking of the sleeve and the melting of the solder and thus the risk of overheating increases considerably. The known solder ring also requires a lot more solder than is required to establish the connection of the grounding provider to the outer conductor. This is disadvantageous because firstly solder is wasted and secondly because excess solder can get to undesired places.

The device and the method according to the invention are explained in more detail below in exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:

1 and 2 a device diagrammatically or in cross section;

Fig. 3 shows a second device with only one solder quantity bead, in cross section;

Figure 4 shows a third device with an earth conductor to be connected to the braid of a coaxial cable.

5 to 7 show a fourth device diagrammatically or in cross section or with inserted conductors, but before the supply of heat;

8 to 10 a fifth, sixth and seventh device in cross section;

11 to 13 show an eighth device diagrammatically or in longitudinal section or in section along A-A of FIG. 12;

14 is a diagram of a ninth device;

15 shows a tenth device with two chambers extending in the longitudinal direction;

16 shows the end section of the device of FIG. 15,

17 shows an eleventh device with a preinstalled conductor; and

18 to 20 electrical conductors for use in a device with a preinstalled conductor, the conductors containing amounts of solder in various forms.

The first device of FIG. 1 has a sleeve 2 and two solder parts and, if desired, flux, which are held in the sleeve 2 by partially shrunk portions of the latter. Each solder bead 3 is thus partially delimited by the sleeve material and has a section projecting from the inner section of the sleeve.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the number of solder beads 3, 3a, 5, 10 are to be dimensioned and positioned such that, for example, an earth conductor can be arranged between them. The beads can thus act as a positioning and holding means for an inserted conductor and are located at both ends of the sleeve.

The first device of FIG. 1 has an elongated bulge 4 which has been formed by partially shrinking the sleeve around a mandrel and which extends from an open end to the solder beads 3 to guide a conductor towards the beads . Although devices with two solder balls are advantageous for many applications, one solder ball is sufficient for other applications. This shows the second device of FIG. 3, in which the solder bead 5 is held in its position within the sleeve 6 by a bulge with a neck part 7. If desired, the solder container can be made large enough to adapt to one of the conductors to be connected.

As can be seen in FIG. 4, a solder bead 10 is in contact with the outer lead within a sleeve 9.

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ter 16 of a coaxial cable. However, two or more beads can also be provided. The third device 8 of Fig. 4 also shows the arrangement of two annular inserts 11, 12. The latter consist e.g. made of a meltable polymer and are each arranged between the solder bead 10 and an open end of the two ends open sleeve 9.

An stripped end section 14 of an earth conductor 13 can be positioned next to the solder bead 10 or, in the presence of two solder beads, as in FIG. 2, between the two solder beads and, if desired, held by the latter. The outer conductor 16 as a braid of a coaxial cable 15 also has a stripped length of the insulation material 17 and an exposed length of the center conductor 18. The latter and a section of the insulation material 17 extends from one end of the sleeve 9 to the right in FIG. 4. The ground conductor and the coaxial cable can be used in any order or practically simultaneously. If the grounding conductor and the coaxial cable are arranged as in FIG. 4, the heat recovery or heat shrinking of the sleeve 9 and the melting of the solder beads and the fusible rings 11, 12 can be brought about by the action of heat. In this way, a soldered connection is formed between the braided outer conductor 16 and the grounding conductor 13 and at the same time the sleeve is pressed and sealed tightly against the insulation material 17 and the outer cable insulation 19 and against the insulation of the grounding conductor 13.

The fourth device of FIG. 5 has an essentially rectangular cross section and is resiliently deformable. A pressure can be exerted on the short sides of such a sleeve profile 20 during its installation in order to cause the sleeve to adapt to a practically annular cross section, for example in order to insert a cable with a circular cross section. When the pressure drops, the sleeve essentially returns to its original shape, so that the long profile sides of the same grip and hold the cable in its position. The fact that the sleeve grips the cable or other conductor allows, if desired, to ensure that an amount of solder within the sleeve is in a particular position with respect to the cable or other conductor. Portions of the sleeve that are spaced from the substrate prior to heat recovery may define one or more compartments by interacting with the surface of the conductor to position and receive another conductor, such as a ground conductor in a particular position, such as in with respect to the cable and / or with respect to the solder. The fact that the cable and sleeve are in contact when the sleeve grips the cable also helps to keep the molten solder in a desired position during the heat recovery or heat shrinking of the sleeve within the device.

The fourth device of FIGS. 6 and 7 and 8 has a sleeve with an outer layer 21 and an inner layer 22. The inner layer 22 extends from one end 23 of the outer layer 21 approximately over half the length of the outer layer 21. On each of the short profile sides, the end section of the inner layer and a section of the outer layer work together in the area of the sleeve center in order to hold a solder bead 24 and, if desired, flux. This is done in such a way that part of each solder bead is located between the inner and outer layers of the sleeve and is held in this way. The outer layer 21 projects outwards, whereas the inner layer 22 projects inward in the region of the solder pearls. The device of FIGS. 5 to 7 also has two inserts 11, 12 in the form of a ring, for example made of meltable, polymeric material, which are arranged in a similar manner and act as the inserts 11, 12 of FIG. 4.

As shown in FIG. 7, the stripped end section 14 of two insulated earth conductors 13 can also be connected in this way with an exposed length of the braid of the outer conductor 16 of a coaxial cable 15, in a manner similar to that explained with reference to FIG. 4 . Each end section is arranged close to an associated solder bead 24. The ground conductor and coaxial cable can then be inserted into the device in any order or practically simultaneously. If the ground conductor and coaxial cable are arranged as in Fig. 7, heat can be applied to effect the heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve 20 and the melting of the solder beads 24 and the fusible inserts 11, 12. In this way, an electrical connection is made between the braid and the earth conductors and at the same time the sleeve 20 is pressed in a sealing manner against the inner insulating jacket 17, the outer insulating jacket 19 and the insulation of the earth conductor 13. The molten solder is forced from its position between the inner and outer layers of the sleeve during the heat recovery or heat shrinking of the sleeve. The inner layer 22 can also be used as an additional protective layer e.g. serve for a cable insulation that would otherwise be adversely affected by the applied heat in order to bring about the heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve and the melting of the amount of solder 24.

The fourth device of FIGS. 5 to 7 can be produced by placing tubular components with an essentially circular cross section, which form the inner and outer layers of the sleeve, around a vertical mandrel with an essentially rectangular cross section. The solder beads are then positioned between the two layers, close to one end of the inner layer. The entire device is then heated to a temperature which does not yet cause the solder to melt, but only shrinks the tubular parts and grips the mandrel and the solder balls. The degree of heat recovery or heat shrinkage is selected so that the layer sleeve produced in this way remains heat-recoverable or heat-shrinkable. Although it is not necessary, a binder can be provided between the inner and outer layers, e.g. in the form of an inner layer on the outer tube part or an outer layer on the inner tube part.

Fig. 8 differs from Fig. 6 in that each solder bead 25 is in two parts. The two parts touch each other and a flux can be added if necessary. Each pair of beads serves as a positioning and holding device for a conductor, e.g. an earth wire. For example, if a conductor is received in the opening of a substantially triangular profile which is delimited by the two beads of a pair, the outer wall of the inner layer or the inner wall of the outer layer forms the additional support. The use of pairs of pearls can be advantageous if more solder is required, for example if a thicker conductor has to be used. However, it is of course possible to attach a solder bump to the short sides of the substantially rectangular cross section on one side and two solder bumps to the other short side.

In the sixth device of FIG. 9, the inner layer 27 of the sleeve 25a has an essentially C-shaped profile, a solder bead 28 and, if necessary, flux also being held between the legs of the C.

In the seventh device of FIG. 10, there is no inner layer at all. The solder bead 29 is glued here to the inner wall of a sleeve 30 by means of a sticky flux.

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The eighth device of FIGS. 11 to 13 has a sleeve 31, in which a solder strip 32 is eccentrically present and, if required, also flux, which essentially has a C-shaped profile. The outer surface of the C is in tight engagement with a portion of the inner surface of the sleeve 31. The aforementioned portion has previously been brought into close contact with the solder strip 32, in part by heat recovery or heat shrinking. So here the solder is held solely by the sleeve 31.

The eighth device also has a guide channel 33 for receiving and positioning, for example, an earth conductor, the end of the earth conductor being in the vicinity of the solder strip 32, in the direction in which the strip 32 is pressed by the shrinkage of the sleeve. The guide channel is delimited by the inner surface 34 of the sleeve 31 and the outer surface 35 of an inner sleeve 36 which is arranged inside the sleeve 31. It can be said that the latter forms the outer layer and the sleeve 36 the inner layer of a layer sleeve. With the exception of the area of the guide channel 33, the inner sleeve 36 is in contact with the outer sleeve 31. The guide channel 33 has a constriction, which was created by an impression 37 in the sleeve 31. The constriction serves, for example, to grip the insulation of an earthing conductor, not shown, in the guide channel 33.

The end of the grounding conductor which is received by the guide channel 33 can lie between the C-legs of the solder strip. The sleeve 31 is shaped such that a portion 38 of its inner surface forms a stop to limit the axial penetration of the grounding conductor, for example, into the sleeve. When a grounding conductor has been positioned in this manner and heat is applied to effect the heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve 31 and the melting of the solder, then molten solder becomes radially inward by means of the sleeve in contact with the end portion of the grounding conductor and in contact brought with a second conductor that was previously inserted into the sleeve, for example the braid of a coaxial cable.

A ring or a layer 39 or 40 of meltable polymer material is used in the area of each sleeve end. The ring 40 is arranged between the guide means and the adjacent open end. The polymeric material can provide a seal for the conductor or conductors located in the sleeve after the sleeve is installed. An end section 41 of the sleeve 31 and the associated fusible layer 39 has an essentially rectangular profile. This allows a conductor to be gripped by the end section, for example a cable, on which the device is mounted so that it is reliably held in the desired position during the necessary heating.

The ninth device of FIG. 14 differs from the eighth device mainly in the form of the amount of solder and the way in which it is held in the sleeve 31. Here it is namely in the form of a wire 42 with an essentially circular cross section. Both end portions 43, 44 of the wire 42 extend axially and are held in place by cooperation between the inner surface of the sleeve 31 and the outer surface of a sleeve 45 positioned within the sleeve 31. It can be said that the latter forms the outer layer and the sleeve 45 the inner layer of a layer sleeve. The central portion 46 of the solder wire 42 lies in a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the plane containing the end portions 43, 44 of the wire 42 and is shaped such that in a section through the central portion of the device, the solder is substantially U. -shaped profile forms, the curved or middle

U-leg is in contact with the inside of the sleeve 31. The sleeve 31 is partially shrunk around the central portion 46 of the wire to assist when the wire is held in the desired position within the sleeve. In the ninth device, therefore, the sleeve 45 acts both when the solder is held in place and when the guide channel is delimited, for example to accommodate an earth conductor.

In a modification, not shown, of the device of FIG. 14, the middle section of the solder wire 42 can lie in the same plane as the end sections of the wire 42. The middle section of the wire 42 can also serve as an axial stop for the earth conductor. FIG. 15 shows a device, one end of which is shown in FIG. 16. The sleeve has two longitudinally extending compartments arranged side by side. This device contains an earth conductor.

15 has a sleeve 50 with two compartments 51, 52, the cross-sectional area of the compartment 51 being small with respect to that of the compartment 52. In Fig. 15, compartment 51 extends longitudinally from an open end 53 of compartment 52 to a location 54 that is between the ends of compartment 52. It is important to note that the two compartments communicate with each other by means of a longitudinal opening 54a (FIG. 16) over the entire length of the smaller compartment 51. A solder bead 55 is arranged in compartment 51 and is removed from the walls thereof seized and that close to the point 54 of the compartment 51, which is located away from the open end 53 of the compartment 52.

15, a stripped end portion 56 of an insulated conductor 57 is inserted into the open end of the compartment 51. The conductor 57 can then be advanced along the compartment 51 until the end 56 thereof contacts the solder bead 55 and is then bent downwards, whereupon it lies between the solder bead in the compartment 52. The width of the opening 54a is preferably dimensioned such that the insulated section of the conductor 57 does not easily pass through the opening 54a. When a conductor, for example the outer conductor of a coaxial cable (not shown in FIG. 15) is inserted into the larger compartment 52 and after heating, a reliable soldered connection is established between the substrate and the end section 56. The melted solder flows through the opening 54a and the small compartment 51 shrinks tightly around the conductor 57. In the aforementioned method, the smaller compartment 51 acts as a guide means and the solder bead 55 also helps to guide the end portion 56 of the conductor 57 to the desired position.

17, a sleeve 61 has two open ends 62, 63. An insulated conductor 64 with a stripped portion 65 within the sleeve extends upward from the open end 62 of the sleeve in FIG. 17. The end of the conductor 64 is insulated by a short length of insulation material 66. An insulation jacket 67 is provided on the portion of the conductor between the non-insulated portion 65 and the open end 62 of the sleeve. A portion of the non-insulated portion 65 of the conductor 64 surrounds a solder bead 68.

The portion of the conductor 64 located within the sleeve 61 extends substantially parallel to the sleeve axis, the insulation sheaths 66, 67 and the solder bead

68 touch the inner surface of the sleeve 61. The conductor 64 is held in position within the sleeve by the interaction between the sleeve and two rings 69, 70 made of fusible material. The ring 69 is positioned between the non-insulated portion 65 of the conductor 64 and the open end 62 of the sleeve. A portion of the insulation jacket 67 is sandwiched between the outer surface of the ring

69 and the inner surface of the sleeve 61. In

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Similarly, a portion of the insulation material 66 is sandwiched between the outer surface of the ring 70 located between the stripped portion 65 of the conductor 64 and the open end 63 of the sleeve 61 and the inner surface of the sleeve 61. The sleeve 61 has previously been partially shrunk, and it previously had a larger diameter than shown in Fig. 17 in order to fix the conductor 64 and the rings 69, 70 in their position so that they are not noticeably in relation to each other or can move with respect to the sleeve 61.

17, the conductor and the solder are located close to the inner surface of the sleeve and thus allow the insertion of a further conductor with the outer dimensions, which are only slightly smaller than the inner dimensions of the sleeve 61. Such a conductor, for example a Coaxial cable with an exposed length of the outer conductor can be inserted into the sleeve in such a way that the stated length of the outer conductor is close to the solder bead 68. The entire device can then be heated to effect the heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve 61 and the melting of the solder bead 68 and the fusible rings 69, 70. In this way, a reliable solder connection between the non-insulated section 65 of the conductor 64 and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is achieved and, at the same time, a seal against the atmosphere is produced, if this is desired. If the sleeve 61 is translucent, as in Fig. 17, the solder joint can be easily checked from the outside. If such a check is not necessary, a different material can be used.

18 to 20 show amounts of solder of various shapes on a non-insulated section 65 of the conductor 64. In FIG. 18, the amount of solder 71 is formed by squeezing a strip of solder around the section 65. In this way, the amount of solder forms a compressed C-profile. In other words, with a cross section through the solder 71, the middle section 72 and the end sections 73 of the solder strip touch opposite sides of the conductor 64. The end sections are a short distance apart and the part of the solder strip between the middle section and each end section is open folded back itself so that two diametrically opposed, outwardly extending portions 74 of the solder are formed. Each section 74 has a larger lateral extension in cross section than the thickness of the solder strip.

FIG. 19 shows a quantity of solder in the form of a pearl 75, which is provided with two diametrically opposite, outwardly extending tabs 76. If the sleeve is partially reshaped and brought into engagement with at least one of the tabs, the anchoring of the conductor 64 in the sleeve 61 is improved. The amount of solder 77 in FIG. 20 has a substantially triangular cross section and furthermore 5 a slot 78, whereby the closed cross section is interrupted. In this way, the amount of solder can be forced onto the non-insulated portion 65 of the conductor 64. In the case of a strand conductor, this can be facilitated by moving the strands relative to one another. The slot 78 communicates with a central opening 79 in the amount of solder 77, the hole being dimensioned so

that the amount of solder 77 is in close contact with the portion 65 of the conductor 64.

One or both of the outward portions 74 15 of FIG. 18 and one or more of the corners of the triangle forming the cross section of the amount of solder 77 in FIG. 20 may optionally act in the same manner as the tabs 76 in FIG. 19 , ie they serve to reinforce the anchoring of the solder and thus the anchoring of the conductor 2o 64 in the sleeve. A situation in which such reinforcement is desirable is when the short piece of insulation 66 in FIG. 17 is missing. This can be the case, for example, if the stripped part of the conductor is tinned. In this case, the device may have only one ring of fusible material (e.g. ring 69 of FIG. 17, with ring 70 missing).

It should be mentioned that in all of the exemplary embodiments of the figures, with the exception of that of FIG. 10, at least some of the solder is arranged in a bulge in the outer circumference of the sleeve 30. In the case of the sleeves shown, the bulge practically disappears or protrudes less when the sleeve is freely deformed and the solder melts.

If the device contains a pre-installed elongated electrical conductor on which a quantity of solder is arranged, the device can also have more than one such conductor.

Examples of an elongated electrical conductor that can be used in the device if it has a pre-installed conductor are ground conductors and electrically conductive pins, e.g. Connector. Devices containing a pre-installed conductor have a sleeve which has a substantially constant cross-section over the entire length. Such devices can include an additional section, e.g. End section with different cross-sectional shape and / or size included, provided that a noticeable part of the inner circumference of the additional section is a significant distance from the conductor, i.e. provided that the additional section is not reformed into close contact with the conductor.

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Claims (77)

650 106 2nd PATENT CLAIMS 1. Device for establishing a connection of at least two electrical conductors, characterized by - a heat-recoverable or heat-shrinkable, sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 30; 31; 50; 61) and - at least one amount of solder (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 29; 32; 42; 55; 68) which is arranged eccentrically within the sleeve and is held by and / or on the latter, wherein the amount of solder is formed so that in each sleeve cross-section in which the solder is present, a part of the inner circumference of the sleeve is free of solder. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the sleeve cross-section in the area of the amount of solder (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 29; 32; 42; 55; 68) the area thereof is small with respect to the Area of the space surrounded by the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 30; 31; 50; 61). 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the sleeve cross-section in the area of the amount of solder (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 29; 32; 42; 55; 68) the solder does not noticeably inwards protrudes into the space surrounded by the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 30; 31; 50; 61). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the amount of solder (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 29; 32; 42; 55; 68) is arranged so that in the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 30; 31; 50; 61) an elongated conductor can be used, the dimensions of which are smaller than that of the sleeve interior. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the solder merige (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 29; 32; 42; 55; 68) on one or more sections of the inner sleeve surface is arranged. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the amount of solder (3; 3a; 10; 24; 25; 32; 42) is divided into two spaced apart parts in order to insert a portion of an elongate conductor therebetween . 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the two parts lie in a common cross section of the sleeve (2; 2a; 9; 20; 31). 8. The device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the two parts are close to each other without touching (Fig. 2). 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the amount of solder (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 29; 32; 42; 55; 68) is shaped and arranged such that if in use an elongated conductor is received by the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 30; 31; 50; 61) and a section of the latter is arranged in the vicinity of the amount of solder, at least part of the amount of solder (3 ; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 29; 32; 42; 55; 68) between the conductor section and the sleeve section is arranged radially outside the conductor section. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the amount of solder (32; 42) at least partially has a substantially C or U-shaped profile. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the outer surface of the amount of solder (32; 42) is at least partially in contact with the inner sleeve surface. 12. The device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the amount of solder (32) on a portion of the inner sleeve surface has an essentially egg-shaped profile and is held solely by the sleeve (Fig. 11 to 13). 13. Device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the two amounts of solder (24; 25) are arranged substantially diametrically opposite each other in the sleeve (20) (Fig. 6 to 8). 14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the or each amount of solder (3; 3a; 5 ;. s 10; 24; 25; 28; 29) has a substantially spherical shape. 15. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the amount of solder (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 29; 32; 42; 55; 68) at least partially in a local inflation of the outside Sleeve circumference is arranged. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that the inflation is such that it occurs during the free heat recovery or shrinking of the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 31; 50; 61) and when the Amount of solder (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 32; 42; 55; 68) essentially disappears 15 det. 17. The device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the or each amount of solder (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 32; 42; 55; 68) in the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 31; 50; 61) due to a partially shrunk 20 cut the sleeve is held in place. 18. Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the or each amount of solder (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 32; 42; 55; 68) is partially surrounded by the sleeve material. 19. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the sleeve (50) has at least part of its length two longitudinally extending compartments (51, 52) which lie side-by-side to each other, whereby one compartment (51) has a small cross-sectional area in 30 has draw on the other, the amount of solder (55) being arranged in the compartment (51) with the smaller cross-sectional area and the two compartments (51, 52) communicating with one another at least in the area of the amount of solder (55) (FIGS. 15, 16) . 20. The apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in 35 net that the compartments (51, 52) communicate with each other over the entire length of the smaller compartment (51). 21. The apparatus of claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the amount of solder (55) is held by the inner walls of the smaller compartment (51). 40 22. Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the sleeve (20; 25a; 31) has at least two layers (21; 22; 26; 27; 31; 45), which hold the amount of solder (24 ; 25; 28; 42) work together. 23. The device according to claim 22, characterized in 45 net that the sleeve (20; 25a; 31) has an outer layer (21; 26; 31) and an inner layer (22; 27; 45) extending only part of the length of the outer layer (21; 26; 31) that the amount of solder (24; 25; 28; 42) by interaction between an end portion of the inner layer (22; 27; 45) and that portion of the outer layer (21; 26; 31) which is adjacent to the end portion of the inner layer (22; 27; 45). 24. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that the amount of solder (42) one or more sections 55 te (43, 44) which extend in the longitudinal direction in the sleeve (31) and are sandwiched between the inner layer (45) and the outer layer (31) and have one or more sections (46) which are not between the called layers are arranged (Fig. 14). 60 25. Device according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the inner layer (27) has a substantially C-shaped profile, the amount of solder (28) being held between the C-legs (Fig. 9). 26. Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, 65 characterized in that the amount of solder (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 32; 42; 55; 68) is held by the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 31; 50; 61). 27. The device according to one of claims 1 to 26, there 3rd 650 106 characterized in that the amount of solder (29) is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve (30). 28. The apparatus according to claim 27, characterized in that the amount of solder (29) is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve by means of an adhesive flux. 29. Device according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the sleeve (31; 50) for receiving and determining the radial position of an elongated conductor in the same guide means (33; 51), the arrangement being such that when the conductor is received in the guide means (33; 51) in use, a portion of the conductor can be positioned near at least a portion of the amount of solder (32; 42; 55) (Figs. 11 to 16). 30. The device according to claim 29, characterized in that the amount of solder (32; 42; 55) is arranged facing away from the open end of the sleeve (31; 50), and that the guide means (33; 51) at least in the region between the open end and the amount of solder (32; 42; 55) are arranged to receive and guide an elongate conductor to a position where a portion thereof is proximate to the amount of solder. 31. The device according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that at least a substantial part of the amount of solder (32; 42) is arranged outside the guide means (33) (Fig. 12, 14). 32. Device according to one of claims 29 to 31, characterized in that at least a portion of the amount of solder (32; 42; 55) is further away from the open end of the sleeve (31; 50) than the guide means (33; 51). 33. Device according to one of claims 29 to 32, characterized in that the amount of solder (32; 42; 55) is arranged such that when the elongated conductor is used in use in the guide means (33; 51) and a portion of the Conductor is located near the amount of solder (32; 42; 55), at least a portion of the amount of solder (32; 42; 55) is present between said portion of the conductor and that portion of the sleeve (31; 50) that is radial from said portion of the Head faces outwards. 34. Device according to one of claims 29 to 33, characterized in that the amount of solder (32; 42) has two parts arranged at a distance from one another, such that when the elongate conductor is received in use in the guide means (33), a section of the conductor can be arranged between the two parts. 35. Device according to one of claims 29 to 34, characterized in that the guide means (33; 51) have a channel open at both ends. 36. Device according to one of claims 29 to 35, characterized in that at least part of the guide means (33; 51) is defined by a sleeve wall. 37. Device according to one of claims 29 to 36, characterized in that the guide means (33) are at least partially delimited by a section of the inner surface of the sleeve (31) and at least by a part of the surface of an insert fitted inside the sleeve. 38. Device according to one of claims 29 to 36, characterized in that the sleeve (31) has an outer layer (31) and an inner layer (36, 45) which extends only over part of the length of the outer layer (31), and that the guide means (33) are at least partially defined by a portion of the inner surface of the outer layer (31) and a portion of the outer surface of the inner layer (36, 45). 39. Device according to claim 38, characterized in that, with the exception of the region of the guide means (33), the outer surface of the inner layer (36, 45) the inner Touches the surface of the outer layer (31) and / or another layer on said inner surface. 40. Device according to claim 38 or 39, characterized in that at least a part of the second inner layer (36, 45) is fusible at the temperature to which the device is to be heated in use, in order to melt the amount of solder and either heat recovery or to cause heat shrinkage of the sleeve (31). 41. Apparatus according to claim 40, characterized in that the inner layer (36, 45) is integrally formed with a quantity of fusible material which is arranged between the guide means (33) and one end of the sleeve (31), all around extends inner circumference of a cross section of the sleeve (31) and abuts the inner surface of the outer layer (31). 42. Device according to one of claims 29 to 41, characterized in that the guide means (33) have a constriction (37) so that the walls of the guide means grip a conductor inserted in use. 43. Device according to claim 42, characterized in that the constriction (37) is formed by an indentation in the sleeve wall. 44. Device according to one of claims 1 to 43, characterized by a stop (38; 54) to limit the axial penetration of a conductor into the sleeve (31; 50), which is used by the sleeve (31; 50) is (Fig. 12, 15). 45. Device according to claim 44, characterized in that the stop (38) is formed by a section of the inner wall of the sleeve (31). 46. Apparatus according to claim 44 or 45, characterized in that the stop has the amount of solder (55). 47. Device according to one of claims 23 to 46, characterized in that the outer (21, 26, 31) and inner layers (22, 27, 36, 45) are heat-recoverable or heat-shrinkable. 48. Device according to one of claims 23 to 47, characterized in that at least one layer has a different material than the other (n) layers). 49. Device according to one of claims 1 to 48, characterized in that at least a portion (41) of the sleeve (20, 31) is resiliently deformable in cross section and has a non-circular inner cross section. 50. Apparatus according to claim 49, characterized in that said sleeve section (41) has two long and two short sides. 51. Device according to claim 49 or 50, characterized in that said sleeve section (41) has a substantially rectangular cross section. 52. Device according to claim 51, characterized in that the or each quantity of solder (24; 25; 32; 42) is arranged close to a short side of the rectangle. 53. Device according to one of claims 1 to 52, characterized in that the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 30; 31; 50; 61) consists of a film, the opposite edges of which are connected. 54. Device according to one of claims 1 to 53, characterized in that the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 30; 31; 50; 61) is open at both ends. 55. Device according to one of claims 1 to 54, characterized in that the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 30; 31; 50; 61) has electrically insulating material. 56. Device according to one of claims 1 to 39, characterized in that a quantity of fusible material (11, 12; 39, 40) is arranged between the quantity of solder (10; 42) and the or each open sleeve end. 5 10th 15 20th 25th 30th 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 650 106 4th 57. Device for producing a connection of two elongated electrical conductors according to claim 1, characterized in that a first conductor (64) is held in the sleeve (61), that it protrudes from at least one end (62) of the sleeve, that at least a part (65) of this conductor (64) is uninsulated and that the amount of solder (68; 71; 75; 77) is attached to at least one piece of the uninsulated part (65) of this conductor (FIGS. 17, 18, 19, 20) . 58. Apparatus according to claim 57, with the sleeve having a substantially constant cross section over its entire length, characterized in that the first elongated electrical conductor (64) is tightly held on the inner surface of the sleeve (61). 59. Apparatus according to claim 57 or 58, characterized in that the first elongated conductor (64), usable as an earth conductor, and is arranged in the sleeve so that the device can be positioned around a second elongated conductor in use, the outer dimensions of which are only slightly smaller than the inner dimensions of the sleeve (61), the second conductor extending out of both sleeve ends. 60. Device according to one of claims 57 to 59, characterized in that the first conductor (64) inside the sleeve (61) is insulated with the exception of a distance which is provided for an electrical connection. 61. Device according to one of claims 57 to 60, characterized in that the first conductor (64) projects only from one end of the sleeve (61) and that the outermost end portion of the conductor (64) is insulated within the sleeve (61) . 62. Device according to one of claims 57 to 61, characterized in that the amount of solder (68; 71; 75; 77) is arranged in the region of the first conductor (64). 63. Device according to one of claims 57 to 62, characterized in that the amount of solder (71) is crimped onto the first conductor (64). 64. Device according to one of claims 57 to 63, characterized in that the amount of solder (75) has at least two sections (76) running outwards. 65. Device according to one of claims 57 to 64, characterized in that the first conductor (64) is held by interaction between the inner surface of the sleeve (61) and an outer surface of at least one insert (69, 70) which is inside the sleeve (61) is arranged. 66. Device according to claim 65, characterized in that the insert (69, 70) is fusible at the temperature to which the device is to be heated in use, in order to melt the amount of solder (68; 71; 75; 77) and either cause the heat recovery or heat shrinkage of the sleeve (61). 67. Device according to claim 65 or 66, characterized in that the insert (69, 70) is annular. 68. Device according to one of claims 65 to 67, characterized by at least two inserts (69, 70), at least one of which is positioned between the conductor section with the amount of solder and each sleeve end. 69. Device according to one of claims 65 to 68, characterized in that each insert (69, 70) touches an insulated point of the first conductor (64). 70. Device according to one of claims 65 to 69, characterized in that the first elongated electrical conductor (64) projects with an insulated section (67) from the first open sleeve end (62), and another insulated conductor section (66) within the sleeve (61) is arranged, and that the uninsulated conductor section (65) is between the other iso-, Herten conductor section (66) and the first sleeve end (62), and carries the amount of solder (68; 71; 75; 77). 71. Device according to claim 70, characterized in that the first conductor (64) in the sleeve (61) between the Sleeve and first and second inserts (69, 70) designed as fusible rings, the outer surfaces of which touch the insulated conductor section (67), the first ring (69) between the uninsulated conductor section (65) and the first sleeve end (62) and wherein the second ring (70) is arranged between the uninsulated conductor section (65) and the second sleeve end (63). 72. A method for electrically connecting at least two electrical conductors by means of the device according to claim 1, characterized in that a first and a second conductor (13; 57; 16) in the heat-recoverable or heat-shrinkable sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 30; 31; 50) positioned and the device heated to melt the amount of solder (3; 3a; 5; 10; 24; 25; 28; 29; 32; 42; 55) and either the heat recovery or the Heat shrinkage of the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 30; 31; 50) and so to establish the connection between the conductors (13; 57; 16). 73. The method according to claim 72 for connecting at least two electrical conductors by means of the device according to one of claims 29 to 43, characterized in that the first conductor (13; 57; 64) is positioned in any order or substantially simultaneously so that it is received by guide means (33; 51), a portion of the first conductor (13; 57; 64) being arranged in the vicinity of the amount of solder (32, 42, 55), that the second conductor (16) in the sleeve ( 31, 58) and that the heating is then carried out. 74. The method of claim 73, characterized in that said portion of the first conductor (13; 57) is an end portion. 75. The method according to claim 73 or 74, characterized in that the amount of solder (3a; 10; 25; 32; 42) has two parts spaced from one another and that the first conductor (13; 57) between both parts of the amount of solder (3a ; 10; 25; 32; 42) is arranged. 76. The method according to claim 75, characterized in that the first conductor (13; 57) is positioned by means of two parts of the amount of solder (32; 42). 77. The method according to any one of claims 72 to 76, characterized in that the axial penetration of the first conductor (13; 57) into the sleeve (31; 50) is limited by a stop (38; 55) and that the first conductor ( 13; 57) is arranged in the sleeve (31; 50) so that a portion of the latter abuts the stop (38; 55). 78. The method according to any one of claims 72 to 77, characterized in that the first conductor (13; 57) can be used as an earth conductor and that the second conductor (16) is the outer conductor of a coaxial cable (15). 79. Method according to one of claims 72 to 78 for connecting two electrical conductors by means of the device according to one of claims 57 to 71, characterized in that the sleeve (2; 2a; 6; 9; 20; 25a; 30; 31; 50; 61) with the first conductor (64) held therein positioned over the second conductor and then supplying the heat. 80. The method according to claim 79, characterized in that the second conductor is the outer conductor (16) of a coaxial cable (15). 81. Electrical connection of at least two electrical conductors made with the method according to one of claims 72 to 78.