CH634016A5 - DEVICE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF OZONE. - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an improvement of the devices making it possible to manufacture ozone by applying the method which consists in passing an air flow through a zone of generated electrical aromas by establishing a continuous electric field between a first surface limit affected by a positive electrical potential of mean value chosen in the range from 1000 to 50,000 V and a second limit surface with zero potential.

Such devices are described in French patent application No. 77.07323 filed on March 11, 1977 by the owner.

Devices according to the invention comprise, on the one hand, a conduit, made of electrically conductive material, connecting a first opening leading to an air flow supply means and a second opening opening into a discharge pipe, this conduit being connected to a ground with zero electrical potential and, on the other hand, a body, made of electrically conductive material, entirely covered with an insulating and porous material, disposed inside the conduit and connected to a high voltage current source with positive polarity.

According to a preferred embodiment, the conduit is a cylinder of revolution, and the body, disposed inside the conduit, is constituted by a taut metallic wire, of the same axis as the cylinder of revolution constituting the conduit.

In various embodiments, the wire made of an electrically conductive material comprises in its composition only metals whose oxides are porous and of low conductance, the wire being entirely covered with an insulating material, porous and of low conductance.

In other embodiments, the wire made of an electrically conductive material comprises at least one metal whose oxide generated by contact with atmospheric air is porous and of low conductance, the wire being entirely covered with an insulating material porous and low conductance.

In certain embodiments, the insulating and porous material entirely covering the wire consists of the metal oxides with which the conductive wire is made.

The coating of a conductive metal wire with a porous insulating material of low conductance is easily achievable and, to do this, many means have been used. The coatings comprising organic fibers of vegetable origin, such as cotton, or synthetic, have the disadvantage of being corroded in the oxidizing medium where they are placed, which can significantly limit their longevity. Better results have been obtained with coatings based on agglomerated glass fibrettes with which one obtains times of use with high yield comparable to those which are observed with the wires coated with a layer of porous metallic oxide, or several months.

The possibility of breakage and subsequent fragmentation of the coating when the nature of this coating is very different from that of the metal wire itself, has led to the search for a way to provide the surface of the metal wire with discontinuities allowing initiation and d '' maintain the electrical smell in the absence of a coating which itself has discontinuities.

The devices according to the present invention make it possible to overcome the difficulties encountered with the use of discontinuous coatings, by providing the surface of the conductive wire with roughness formed by the material of the wire itself.

A device according to the invention for manufacturing ozone comprises a conduit made of electrically conductive material, connecting a first opening opening onto a means for supplying an air flow and a second opening opening into a supply line. evacuation, the conduit being connected to a mass with zero electrical potential, and a body of electrically conductive material, limited by a surface comprising at least one asperity having a summit zone of which at least one planar section comprises a zone with radii curvature of extremely small values with respect to the radii of curvature relative to the rest of the section of said roughness, the body being disposed inside the conduit and connected to a high-voltage current source of positive or negative polarity, the value of which is chosen in the range of 1000 to 50,000 V.

According to the preferred arrangements, the values of the radii of curvature of the summit area of an asperity, values which are extremely small compared to the radii of curvature relative to the rest of the section of said asperity, are less than 0.5 mm.

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3

634,016

The best operating conditions are obtained when the summit area of the roughness, at least one flat section of which has radii of curvature of extremely small values compared to the radii of curvature relative to the rest of said roughness, in the form of a sharp corner.

According to a preferred embodiment, the conduit being a cylinder of revolution of diameter chosen between 1 and 50 cm, the body disposed inside the conduit is constituted by a taut metallic wire of the same axis as the cylinder of revolution constituting the conduit , said wire comprising at least one roughness.

In certain embodiments, the apex area of at least one asperity has a shape comparable to a dihedral angle at the apex less than 120 ° sexagesimal, asperity extending continuously along the useful part of the wire. This roughness can also extend discontinuously along the useful part of the wire.

In other embodiments, each roughness whose summit area has a shape comparable to a dihedral extending along the useful part of the wire according to the layout of a coaxial helix of the wire.

According to another embodiment, the summit area of the asperities can be likened to a cone with an angle at the summit of less than 120 ° sexagesimal.

In various embodiments, the metal wire is of circular cross section, or of rectangular cross section comprising two long sides and two short sides, or of rectangular cross section regularly twisted.

In this latter embodiment, it is preferred that the metallic wire of rectangular cross section, regularly twisted, carry asperities on the surfaces corresponding to the short sides of the rectangular section.

The invention will be better understood in the description, given without limitation, of various devices allowing the implementation of the invention, devices illustrated with the aid of the following figures and given after five figures representative of the prior art.

- Fig. 1: Schematic diagram of a cylindrical conduit with coaxial wire.

- Fig. 2: Section of the coaxial wire constituting the positive electrode.

- Fig. 3: Perspective view of an industrial device.

- Fig. 4: Perspective view of all the positive electrodes of the device according to FIG. 3.

- Fig. 5: Power supply diagram.

- Fig. 6: Section of an asperity with summit zone with small radius of curvature.

- Fig. 7: Section of a wire with asperities with summit areas having the shape of sharp angles.

- Fig. 8: Wire with an asperity in the form of a continuous helix.

- Fig. 9: Straight section of the wire according to fig. 8.

- Fig. 10: Wire with an asperity in the form of a discontinuous helix.

- Fig. 11: Straight section of the wire according to fig. 10.

- Fig. 12: Wire with plurality of asperities in the form of rectilinear dihedrons.

- Fig. 13: Straight section of the wire according to fig. 12.

- Fig. 14: Wire comprising a plurality of asperities with conical shape.

- Fig. 15: Straight section of the wire according to fig. 14.

- Fig. 16: Twisted rectangular section wire with rough edges on the small side of the rectangle.

- Fig. 17: Straight section of the wire according to fig. 16.

Figs. 1 to 5 give a schematic representation of a device allowing the implementation of the process described in French patent application N ° 07.07323 of March 11, 1977.

Referring to fig. 1, there is in 1 a cylindrical conduit made of an electrically conductive material made of a sheet of iron or a light metal such as aluminum. The conduit 1 connects a first opening leading to an air supply means, not shown, and a second opening 1b opening into a non-illustrated exhaust duct. The conduit 1 is connected by a conducting wire 2 to a ground 3 with zero potential such as an earth.

A stretched, straight, coaxial metal wire 4 of the conduit 1 extends over the entire length of the conduit 1 supported at its ends by insulating supports that are not shown. The wire 4 is connected to a source of continuous electric current of positive polarity. Wire 4, as shown in fig. 2 which gives a cross section thereof, is entirely covered with an insulating material 5, porous and of low conductance.

Fig. 3 gives a perspective view of an industrial device constituted by an assembly of sixteen elementary conduits, as described with the aid of FIG. 1, and mounted in parallel, between two end boxes, an inlet box 6 and an outlet box 7 into which said conduits open. Each of the end boxes has, opposite the openings of said conduits, a single opening which, for the inlet box 6, opens into an air supply means 8 and for the outlet box 7 opens into a exhaust duct 9.

All of the conduits, such as 1, are connected by an electrical conductor 2 to a ground 3 with zero potential.

Fig. 4 gives a perspective view of all the positive electrodes of the device according to FIG. 3. Said electrodes are constituted by as many wires, such as wire 4 described with the aid of FIG. 1 of the elementary cylindrical device.

At each end, the wires such as 4 are fixed to the points of intersection of an orthogonal network 10 and 11 consisting of a metal wire made of the same electrically conductive material in which the wires such as 4 are made.

One of the end metal networks, for example the network 10, is connected by a metal conductor 12 to the positive terminal of a high voltage direct current generator, not shown.

All of the wires such as 4 and end networks such as 10 and 11 are entirely covered with a porous insulating material which is breathable. The end networks 10 and 11 are fixed inside the boxes 6 and 7 by means of insulating supports not shown.

Fig. 5 gives a diagram of a direct current generator usable for supplying the positive electrodes of an ozone generating device.

A transformer 13 supplied with alternating current 14 gives an alternating current of higher potential 15. A diode 16 gives a rectified current 17 and a capacitor 18 interposed between the output of the diode and the homologous output of the transformer gives a certain smoothing of the curve representing the output voltage 19. This constitutes a classic example of means employed for the supply of a pseudo-continuous or direct current stabilized at better than ± 10%.

Fig. 6 represents, on a body such as a wire 4, an asperity 20. This asperity between two flanks 21 and 22 comprises a summit zone 23 which can be delimited between two points M and N. The radius of curvature R at any point of the summit zone has an extremely small value with respect to the radii of curvature relative to the rest of the section of the asperity, that is to say with respect to the radii of curvature of the flanks 21 and 22. In practice, the radii of curvature along the summit area are less than 0.5 mm.

Fig. 7 shows a cross section of a wire 4 carrying several asperities 20 ', 20 ", 20"', 20IV, 20v, the apex of which terminates in a sharp angle such as a, ß, y, 5, e.

The roughness shown using fig. 6 and 7 are either isolated asperities, or asperities comprising a more or less significant elongation. In both cases, the sharp angles a, ß, y, 5, s, must have a value less than 120 °; it is preferable that these angles are less than 90 ° sexagesimal.

Figs. 8 and 10 represent wires 4 comprising at least one asperity 20 with large elongation wound in a helical shape, continuous for FIG. 8, discontinuous for FIG. 10.

Figs. 9 and 11 each give a cross section along a plane A relative to FIG. 8 and in fig. 10.

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Fig. 12 represents a wire 4 comprising four asperities, such as 20, in the form of rectilinear dihedrons of great elongation, and FIG. 13 is a cross section of such a wire 4.

Fig. 14 shows a wire comprising a plurality of asperities of conical shape. This is an achievement that has provided the best operating conditions for the ozone device. Several embodiments have been used for such wires, in particular by spraying molten metal onto the wire and by electrolytic deposition.

Fig. 15 gives a cross section through a plane A of a wire according to FIG. 14.

Fig. 16 shows a wire of twisted rectangular section and having asperities on the wall developed by the short side of the rectangular section. These asperities are generally conical in shape, but can also have the shape of crystals with edges, more or less sharp and more or less truncated.

Fig. 17 shows a cross section of the wire of the rectangular section according to FIG. 16.

With installations comprising wires as shown using FIGS. 14 and 16, the following results have been observed for various current supplies:

Table I

Crown current (p. A)

400

800

Wire fig. 14

Power used (W)

6.0

13

03 production (mg / min)

4.8

8.8

Yield (mg / Wh)

48

41

Wire fig. 16

Power used

5.3

12.4

Production of 03

3.9

8.2

Yield (mg / Wh)

44

40

With known ozone generators, using high frequency alternating currents to create the scent by supplying with dusted, de-oiled and desiccated air, so that the dew point is at - 60 ° C, we obtain an air effluent containing 10 to 25% by weight of ozone and, under the best operating conditions, 3% by weight of ozone.

With an ozone generator according to the present invention, by supplying with untreated atmospheric air, effluents containing 1 to 3% by weight of ozone are obtained. Under these conditions, the industrial advantage of the invention is linked to the considerable reduction in investment and to the excellent yield in milligrams of ozone per W / h.

io With installations comprising wires as shown with the aid of FIG. 16, connected to a high voltage current source of negative polarity, the following results have been observed for various current supplies:

With an ozone generator according to the present invention, by supplying with untreated atmospheric air, effluents containing 5.6 to 13.6% o by weight of ozone are obtained.

This is comparable to the concentration obtained with known generators, but is obtained with a much less expensive device.

Such an installation according to the invention is remarkably stable in operation, requires no maintenance and is equally suitable for use in laboratories as in industrial companies, in particular for the treatment of effluents, purification. of water and all industrial treatments requiring the use of ozone.

Table II

Pressure (absolute bars)

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Wire fig. 16

Power used (W)

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Yield (mg / Wh)

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Concentration 03 (weight%>)

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R

2 drawings sheets

Claims (14)

634,016 2 1. Ozone manufacturing device comprising a conduit made of electrically conductive material, connecting a first opening opening onto a means for supplying an air flow and a second opening opening into a discharge pipe, the conduit being connected to a ground with zero electrical potential, and a body of electrically conductive material, limited by a surface comprising at least one asperity having a summit zone of which at least one planar section comprises a zone with radii of curvature of value extremely small compared to the radii of curvature relative to the rest of the section of said roughness, the body being disposed inside the conduit and connected to a source of high-voltage direct current. 2. Device according to claim 1, in which the values of the radii of curvature of the summit zone of an asperity, values which are extremely small compared to the radii of curvature relative to the rest of the section of said asperity, are less than 0.5 mm. 3. Device according to claim 1, in which the summit zone of the asperity of which at least one planar section has radii of curvature of values extremely small compared to the radii of curvature relative to the rest of said roughness, has the form of a sharp angle. 4. Device according to one of claims 2 or 3, in which the conduit being a cylinder of revolution, the body disposed inside the conduit is constituted by a metal wire of the same axis as the cylinder of revolution constituting the conduit, said wire comprising at least one roughness. 5. Device according to claim 3, in which the summit zone of at least one asperity has a shape assimilable to a dihedral with an apex angle less than 120 ° sexagesimal, asperity extending continuously along the useful part some thread. 6. Device according to claim 4, in which the summit zone of at least one asperity has a shape assimilable to a dihedral with an apex angle less than 30 ° sexagesimal, asperity extending discontinuously along the useful part some thread. 7. Device according to one of claims 5 or 6, wherein each roughness whose summit area has a shape similar to a dihedral extends along the useful part of the wire along the path of a coaxial helix of the wire. 8. Device according to claim 4, in which the summit area of the asperities can be likened to a cone with an angle at the summit of less than 120 ° sexagesimal. 9. Device according to claim 4, wherein the metal wire is of circular cross section. 10. Device according to claim 4, wherein the metal wire is of rectangular cross section having two long sides and two short sides. 11. Device according to claim 10, wherein the metal wire of rectangular cross section is regularly twisted. 12. Device according to claim 10, in which the metallic wire of rectangular cross section, regularly twisted, carries asperities on the surfaces corresponding to the short sides of the rectangular section. 13. Device according to claim 1, in which the high-voltage current source is of positive polarity. 14. Device according to claim 1, in which the high voltage current source is of negative polarity.