CH631815A5 - High-intensity catadioptric objective - Google Patents

High-intensity catadioptric objective Download PDF

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Publication number
CH631815A5
CH631815A5 CH668178A CH668178A CH631815A5 CH 631815 A5 CH631815 A5 CH 631815A5 CH 668178 A CH668178 A CH 668178A CH 668178 A CH668178 A CH 668178A CH 631815 A5 CH631815 A5 CH 631815A5
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CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
lens
collecting
light
triplet
reflection
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CH668178A
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German (de)
Inventor
Erwin Dr Ing Wiedemann
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Wiedemann Erwin
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Priority to CH668178A priority Critical patent/CH631815A5/en
Publication of CH631815A5 publication Critical patent/CH631815A5/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/0852—Catadioptric systems having a field corrector only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/0804—Catadioptric systems using two curved mirrors
    • G02B17/0808—Catadioptric systems using two curved mirrors on-axis systems with at least one of the mirrors having a central aperture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/0856—Catadioptric systems comprising a refractive element with a reflective surface, the reflection taking place inside the element, e.g. Mangin mirrors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/0884—Catadioptric systems having a pupil corrector

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

The high-intensity catadioptric objective consists, seen in the direction of the light, of a positive front element, a Mangin mirror and a positive element, which is convex with respect to the direction of the light and has a positive cemented surface, which three elements are separated by air spaces. This objective has a very far reaching correction of all abberations. Its special feature consists in that for this purpose only eight optically active surfaces are required, whereas in order to achieve an analogous result, previously known optical systems of this type require up to twelve optically active surfaces. As may be seen from the diagram in the appended Figure, the differences in the spherical abberations for the colours C, d and F in the optically most active range are only five one hundred thousandths of the focal length or less. <IMAGE>

Description

       

  
 

**WARNUNG** Anfang DESC Feld konnte Ende CLMS uberlappen **.

 



   PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Lichtstarkes katadioptrisches Objektiv in der Lichtrichtung gesehen. bestehend aus einer sammelnden Frontlinse, einem Mangin-Spiegel und einer gegen die Lichtrichtung erhabene, sammelnde Linse mit sammelnder   Kittfläche,    welche drei Elemente durch Luftabstände getrennt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die sammelnde Frontlinse als   konvexplane    Linse in ihrem zentralen Teil bei der zweiten Reflexion innerhalb des Systems ohne korrigierende optische Wirkung bleibt, womit das ganze optische System acht optisch wirksame Flächen aufweist.



   2. Objektiv nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die auf die zweite Reflexion folgende Sammellinse mit sammelnder Kittfläche einen gegen das einfallende Licht zu erhabenen Meniskus bildet.



   Durch die Arbeiten von J. Flügge [Z. Instrumentenkunde 61, 175   (1941)1    und L. Canzek [OpticaActa 18, 931   (1971)1    sowie   OpticaActa    (im Druck, 1978) sind lichtstarkekatadioptrische Objektive mit einem Öffnungsverhältnis bis 1:1 bekannt geworden; sie sind dadurch charakterisiert, dass sie einen oder mehrere Mangin-Spiegel enthalten und mindestens 9-12 optisch wirksame Flächen zur genügenden Berichtigung aller Abbildungsfeh   1er    benötigen. Eigene Untersuchungen über solche Systeme waren darauf gerichtet, diesen Aufwand an Konstruktionselementen auf das mögliche Minimum zu reduzieren.

  Wegleitend war dabei, dass für einen Anastigmaten mit dem Öffnungsverhältnis 1:2:8 des Triplet-Typs 6 beziehungsweise 7 optisch wirksame Flächen genügen, wenn eine der Sammellinsen des Triplets zur Verbesserung der Bildfeldeigenschaften eine sammelnde Kittfläche aufweist. Bei einem solchen Triplet folgt auf eine zumeist   konvexplane    Frontlinse mit Luftabstand eine bikonkave Zerstreuungslinse und auf diese, wiederum mit Luftabstand, eine Sammellinse mit sammelnder Kittfläche. Der Erfindungsgedanke war nun, in einem derartigen Triplet die bikonkave Zerstreuungslinse durch einen Mangin-Spiegel zu ersetzen, dessen Vorderfläche die zerstreuende Wirkung einer bikonkaven Linse ersetzen kann, während die Siegelung an dessen Hinterfläche das Öffnungsverhältnis und die Abbildungsgüte erhöht.



   Somit besteht das lichtstarke   katadioptrische    Objektiv in der Lichtrichtung gesehen aus einer sammelnden Frontlinse, einem Mangin-Spiegel und einer gegen die Lichtrichtung erhabene, sammelnde Linse mit sammelnder Kittfläche, welche drei Elemente durch Luftabstände getrennt sind, und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die sammelnde Frontlinse als konvexplane Linse in ihrem zentralen Teil bei der zweiten Reflexion innerhalb des Systems ohne korrigierende optische Wirkung bleibt, womit das ganze optische System acht optisch wirksame Flächen aufweist.



   Dies wurde durch das nachfolgende Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert.



  Tabelle 1 Die Konstruktionsdaten des Ausführungsbeispiels:   rl    = 418.0011   e1 =    7.3150   nl    = 1.75719   Vd    = 47.81   r2 = oo e2 = 47.0251 n2 = 1    r3 = -142.6429 e3 = 6.2700 n3 = 1.64050 vd = 60.10 r4 = -208.4781 R e4 = 6.2700   n4 = 1,64050      Cd = 60.10      r5    = 142.6429   e5    = 47.0251 nS = 1 r6 =   =)    R e6 = 47.0251 n6 = 1 r7 = 31.8726 e7 = 4.7025 n7 = 1.64050   cd = 60.10    r8 = -62.7002 e8 = 1.5675 n8 = 1.69673   cd = 56.42    r9 = 522.5014 s' = 5.5392 f' = 100.000 R = Reflexion
Tabelle 2 Die Flächenteilkoeffizienten und ihre Summen nach der 3.

 

  Ordnung: Fläche A B C P V 1 0.0034 0.0140 0.0587 0.1031 0.6761 2 0.0040 -0.0220 0.1216 -0.0000 -0.6710 3 -0.1607 0.1261 -0.0989 0.2737 0.2923 4 0.1200 -0.1917 0.3062 0.5848 0.4451 5 0.0150 -0.0705 0.3300 -0.2737 -0.2639 6 -0.0000 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 7 -0.0118 0.0936 -0.7395 1.2250 -3.8375 8 -0.0024 -0.0093 -0.0357 -0.0322 -0.2615 9 0.0352 0.0442 0.0555 -0.0786 -0.0290   Z 0.0027    -0.0155 -0.0020 0.0850 -3.6493
Die Figur zeigt den Achsenschnitt dieses Beispiels und daneben den Verlauf der sphärischen Aberrationen für die Farben C, d und F bis zum Öffnungsverhältnis 1:1.25. 



  
 

** WARNING ** beginning of DESC field could overlap end of CLMS **.

 



   PATENT CLAIMS
1. Bright catadioptric lens seen in the direction of light. Consisting of a collecting front lens, a manganese mirror and a collecting lens with collecting cement surface raised against the direction of light, which three elements are separated by air gaps, characterized in that the collecting front lens as a convex plane lens in its central part during the second reflection within of the system remains without a corrective optical effect, which means that the entire optical system has eight optically effective surfaces.



   2. Lens according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting lens following the second reflection forms a collecting meniscus with the collecting cement surface against the incident light.



   Through the work of J. Flügge [Z. Instrumentenkunde 61, 175 (1941) 1 and L. Canzek [OpticaActa 18, 931 (1971) 1 and OpticaActa (in press, 1978) have become known as high-intensity catadioptric lenses with an aperture ratio of up to 1: 1; they are characterized by the fact that they contain one or more manganese levels and require at least 9-12 optically effective areas for the sufficient correction of all aberrations. In-house investigations of such systems were aimed at reducing this expenditure on construction elements to the minimum possible.

  It was a pioneering step that 6 or 7 optically effective areas are sufficient for an Anastigmat with the aperture ratio 1: 2: 8 of the triplet type, if one of the collecting lenses of the triplet has a collecting putty area to improve the image field properties. In such a triplet, a mostly convex plane front lens with an air gap is followed by a biconcave diverging lens and this, again with an air gap, is followed by a converging lens with a collecting cement surface. The idea of the invention was to replace the biconcave diverging lens in such a triplet with a manganese mirror, the front surface of which can replace the diverging effect of a biconcave lens, while the sealing on the rear surface increases the aperture ratio and the image quality.



   Thus, the bright catadioptric lens seen in the direction of light consists of a collecting front lens, a manganese mirror and a collecting lens raised against the direction of light with a collecting cement surface, which are three elements separated by air gaps, and is characterized in that the collecting front lens as convex plane lens remains in its central part at the second reflection within the system without a corrective optical effect, so that the entire optical system has eight optically effective surfaces.



   This was explained by the following exemplary embodiment.



  Table 1 The design data of the exemplary embodiment: rl = 418.0011 e1 = 7.3150 nl = 1.75719 Vd = 47.81 r2 = oo e2 = 47.0251 n2 = 1 r3 = -142.6429 e3 = 6.2700 n3 = 1.64050 vd = 60.10 r4 = -208.4781 R e4 = 6.2700 n4 = 1.64050 Cd = 60.10 r5 = 142.6429 e5 = 47.0251 nS = 1 r6 = =) R e6 = 47.0251 n6 = 1 r7 = 31.8726 e7 = 4.7025 n7 = 1.64050 cd = 60.10 r8 = -62.7002 e8 = 1.5675 n8 = 1.69673 cd = 56.42 r9 = 522.5014 s '= 5.5392 f' = 100,000 R = reflection
Table 2 The area coefficients and their sums after the 3rd

 

  Order: Area ABCPV 1 0.0034 0.0140 0.0587 0.1031 0.6761 2 0.0040 -0.0220 0.1216 -0.0000 -0.6710 3 -0.1607 0.1261 -0.0989 0.2737 0.2923 4 0.1200 -0.1917 0.3062 0.5848 0.4451 5 0.0150 -0.0705 0.3300 -0.2737.000000.00600 0.0000 7 -0.0118 0.0936 -0.7395 1.2250 -3.8375 8 -0.0024 -0.0093 -0.0357 -0.0322 -0.2615 9 0.0352 0.0442 0.0555 -0.0786 -0.0290 Z 0.0027 -0.0155 -0.0020 0.0850 -3.6493
The figure shows the axial section of this example and next to it the course of the spherical aberrations for the colors C, d and F up to an aperture ratio of 1: 1.25.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE 1. Lichtstarkes katadioptrisches Objektiv in der Lichtrichtung gesehen. bestehend aus einer sammelnden Frontlinse, einem Mangin-Spiegel und einer gegen die Lichtrichtung erhabene, sammelnde Linse mit sammelnder Kittfläche, welche drei Elemente durch Luftabstände getrennt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die sammelnde Frontlinse als konvexplane Linse in ihrem zentralen Teil bei der zweiten Reflexion innerhalb des Systems ohne korrigierende optische Wirkung bleibt, womit das ganze optische System acht optisch wirksame Flächen aufweist.  PATENT CLAIMS 1. Bright catadioptric lens seen in the direction of light. Consisting of a collecting front lens, a manganese mirror and a collecting lens with collecting cement surface raised against the direction of light, which three elements are separated by air gaps, characterized in that the collecting front lens as a convex plane lens in its central part during the second reflection within of the system remains without a corrective optical effect, which means that the entire optical system has eight optically effective surfaces. 2. Objektiv nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die auf die zweite Reflexion folgende Sammellinse mit sammelnder Kittfläche einen gegen das einfallende Licht zu erhabenen Meniskus bildet.  2. Lens according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting lens following the second reflection forms a collecting meniscus with the collecting cement surface against the incident light. Durch die Arbeiten von J. Flügge [Z. Instrumentenkunde 61, 175 (1941)1 und L. Canzek [OpticaActa 18, 931 (1971)1 sowie OpticaActa (im Druck, 1978) sind lichtstarkekatadioptrische Objektive mit einem Öffnungsverhältnis bis 1:1 bekannt geworden; sie sind dadurch charakterisiert, dass sie einen oder mehrere Mangin-Spiegel enthalten und mindestens 9-12 optisch wirksame Flächen zur genügenden Berichtigung aller Abbildungsfeh 1er benötigen. Eigene Untersuchungen über solche Systeme waren darauf gerichtet, diesen Aufwand an Konstruktionselementen auf das mögliche Minimum zu reduzieren.  Through the work of J. Flügge [Z. Instrumentenkunde 61, 175 (1941) 1 and L. Canzek [OpticaActa 18, 931 (1971) 1 as well as OpticaActa (in press, 1978), light-intensity catadioptric lenses with an aperture ratio of up to 1: 1 have become known; they are characterized by the fact that they contain one or more manganese levels and require at least 9-12 optically effective areas for the sufficient correction of all aberrations. Our own investigations into such systems were aimed at reducing this expenditure on construction elements to the minimum possible. Wegleitend war dabei, dass für einen Anastigmaten mit dem Öffnungsverhältnis 1:2:8 des Triplet-Typs 6 beziehungsweise 7 optisch wirksame Flächen genügen, wenn eine der Sammellinsen des Triplets zur Verbesserung der Bildfeldeigenschaften eine sammelnde Kittfläche aufweist. Bei einem solchen Triplet folgt auf eine zumeist konvexplane Frontlinse mit Luftabstand eine bikonkave Zerstreuungslinse und auf diese, wiederum mit Luftabstand, eine Sammellinse mit sammelnder Kittfläche. Der Erfindungsgedanke war nun, in einem derartigen Triplet die bikonkave Zerstreuungslinse durch einen Mangin-Spiegel zu ersetzen, dessen Vorderfläche die zerstreuende Wirkung einer bikonkaven Linse ersetzen kann, während die Siegelung an dessen Hinterfläche das Öffnungsverhältnis und die Abbildungsgüte erhöht. It was a pioneering step that 6 or 7 optically effective areas are sufficient for an Anastigmat with the aperture ratio 1: 2: 8 of the triplet type, if one of the collecting lenses of the triplet has a collecting putty area to improve the image field properties. In such a triplet, a mostly convex plane front lens with an air gap is followed by a biconcave diverging lens and this, again with an air gap, is followed by a converging lens with a collecting cement surface. The idea of the invention was to replace the biconcave diverging lens in such a triplet with a manganese mirror, the front surface of which can replace the diverging effect of a biconcave lens, while the sealing on the rear surface increases the aperture ratio and the image quality. Somit besteht das lichtstarke katadioptrische Objektiv in der Lichtrichtung gesehen aus einer sammelnden Frontlinse, einem Mangin-Spiegel und einer gegen die Lichtrichtung erhabene, sammelnde Linse mit sammelnder Kittfläche, welche drei Elemente durch Luftabstände getrennt sind, und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die sammelnde Frontlinse als konvexplane Linse in ihrem zentralen Teil bei der zweiten Reflexion innerhalb des Systems ohne korrigierende optische Wirkung bleibt, womit das ganze optische System acht optisch wirksame Flächen aufweist.  Thus, the bright catadioptric lens seen in the direction of light consists of a collecting front lens, a manganese mirror and a collecting lens raised against the direction of light with a collecting cement surface, which are three elements separated by air gaps, and is characterized in that the collecting front lens as convex plane lens remains in its central part at the second reflection within the system without a corrective optical effect, so that the entire optical system has eight optically effective surfaces. Dies wurde durch das nachfolgende Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert.  This was explained by the following exemplary embodiment. Tabelle 1 Die Konstruktionsdaten des Ausführungsbeispiels: rl = 418.0011 e1 = 7.3150 nl = 1.75719 Vd = 47.81 r2 = oo e2 = 47.0251 n2 = 1 r3 = -142.6429 e3 = 6.2700 n3 = 1.64050 vd = 60.10 r4 = -208.4781 R e4 = 6.2700 n4 = 1,64050 Cd = 60.10 r5 = 142.6429 e5 = 47.0251 nS = 1 r6 = =) R e6 = 47.0251 n6 = 1 r7 = 31.8726 e7 = 4.7025 n7 = 1.64050 cd = 60.10 r8 = -62.7002 e8 = 1.5675 n8 = 1.69673 cd = 56.42 r9 = 522.5014 s' = 5.5392 f' = 100.000 R = Reflexion Tabelle 2 Die Flächenteilkoeffizienten und ihre Summen nach der Table 1 The design data of the exemplary embodiment: rl = 418.0011 e1 = 7.3150 nl = 1.75719 Vd = 47.81 r2 = oo e2 = 47.0251 n2 = 1 r3 = -142.6429 e3 = 6.2700 n3 = 1.64050 vd = 60.10 r4 = -208.4781 R e4 = 6.2700 n4 = 1.64050 Cd = 60.10 r5 = 142.6429 e5 = 47.0251 nS = 1 r6 = =) R e6 = 47.0251 n6 = 1 r7 = 31.8726 e7 = 4.7025 n7 = 1.64050 cd = 60.10 r8 = -62.7002 e8 = 1.5675 n8 = 1.69673 cd = 56.42 r9 = 522.5014 s '= 5.5392 f' = 100,000 R = reflection Table 2 The area coefficients and their sums according to the 3. 3rd   Ordnung: Fläche A B C P V 1 0.0034 0.0140 0.0587 0.1031 0.6761 2 0.0040 -0.0220 0.1216 -0.0000 -0.6710 3 -0.1607 0.1261 -0.0989 0.2737 0.2923 4 0.1200 -0.1917 0.3062 0.5848 0.4451 5 0.0150 -0.0705 0.3300 -0.2737 -0.2639 6 -0.0000 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 7 -0.0118 0.0936 -0.7395 1.2250 -3.8375 8 -0.0024 -0.0093 -0.0357 -0.0322 -0.2615 9 0.0352 0.0442 0.0555 -0.0786 -0.0290 Z 0.0027 -0.0155 -0.0020 0.0850 -3.6493 Die Figur zeigt den Achsenschnitt dieses Beispiels und daneben den Verlauf der sphärischen Aberrationen für die Farben C, d und F bis zum Öffnungsverhältnis 1:1.25. **WARNUNG** Ende CLMS Feld konnte Anfang DESC uberlappen**. Order: Area ABCPV 1 0.0034 0.0140 0.0587 0.1031 0.6761 2 0.0040 -0.0220 0.1216 -0.0000 -0.6710 3 -0.1607 0.1261 -0.0989 0.2737 0.2923 4 0.1200 -0.1917 0.3062 0.5848 0.4451 5 0.0150 -0.0705 0.3300 -0.2737.000000.00600 0.0000 7 -0.0118 0.0936 -0.7395 1.2250 -3.8375 8 -0.0024 -0.0093 -0.0357 -0.0322 -0.2615 9 0.0352 0.0442 0.0555 -0.0786 -0.0290 Z 0.0027 -0.0155 -0.0020 0.0850 -3.6493 The figure shows the axial section of this example and next to it the course of the spherical aberrations for the colors C, d and F up to an aperture ratio of 1: 1.25. ** WARNING ** End of CLMS field could overlap beginning of DESC **.
CH668178A 1978-06-20 1978-06-20 High-intensity catadioptric objective CH631815A5 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19847702A1 (en) * 1998-10-16 2000-04-20 Hans Juergen Busack Catadioptric lens triplet, has first and second lenses with curvature such that aperture errors, coma, and astigmatism are corrected in sufficient extent
CN109683298A (en) * 2019-01-14 2019-04-26 广东奥普特科技股份有限公司 A kind of camera lens of 360 ° of pan-shots
CN112859319A (en) * 2021-02-22 2021-05-28 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 Large-caliber wide-spectrum coaxial bidirectional layout telescope optical system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19847702A1 (en) * 1998-10-16 2000-04-20 Hans Juergen Busack Catadioptric lens triplet, has first and second lenses with curvature such that aperture errors, coma, and astigmatism are corrected in sufficient extent
CN109683298A (en) * 2019-01-14 2019-04-26 广东奥普特科技股份有限公司 A kind of camera lens of 360 ° of pan-shots
CN109683298B (en) * 2019-01-14 2023-10-03 广东奥普特科技股份有限公司 360-degree panoramic shooting lens
CN112859319A (en) * 2021-02-22 2021-05-28 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 Large-caliber wide-spectrum coaxial bidirectional layout telescope optical system

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