CH628155A5 - Camera - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a photographic camera, the housing of which comprises two opposite walls forming a housing for receiving a flat magazine containing a disc-shaped film.

We have already described photographic cameras intended to receive a film loader whose container, relatively flat, is pierced with an exposure window and contains a film disc which is mounted so as to be able to rotate therein. allow the successive centering of the various areas of the film behind the window

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to take pictures. We can, for example, consult the patent of the United States of America 1408 029. However it will be observed that for the embodiment described in this patent, the film disc is certainly not maintained with precision in the layout plan. at the sharp point of the fact that nothing is planned to maintain the range of film to be exposed in the plan of sharp focus during an exposure. This is a reciprocal vice.

U.S. Patent 2,771,825 describes a camera, the housing of which is arranged to receive a magazine and assign it a position in which the film can be fed. In this patent, it is impossible to open the housing of the device as long as the film is free, without protection, inside the housing. However, the teachings of this patent are not suitable when the film is disc-shaped.

U.S. Patent 1,410,029 describes a still camera with a feed mechanism for cooperating with a film feeder and placing the film feeder in a well-defined position. However, if one follows the indications of this patent, the precision with which the film disc advances step by step is not sufficient.

The invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing the photographic camera defined in the claim.

By providing such a camera for taking pictures of a corridor whose position is fixed and determined as a function of the optical system, it is possible to assign an immutable and determined position to the corridor relative to the plane of sharp focus. It can therefore be seen that by judiciously choosing the way in which the passage and the film cooperate, it is possible to maintain the film in the sharp focusing plane.

In the case where the passage and the film are made to cooperate directly and not through a component of the film charger, in particular of the container, it is possible to greatly improve the precision with which fixes the position of the film. Indeed, it is known that the manufacturing tolerances that one is entitled to expect from a container of a film loader can cause significant variations in the position occupied by the film, relative to the plane of exposure. clear point, when the presser acts on the container and no longer directly on the film.

In the case where the corridor and the film are made to cooperate indirectly, the corridor acts on the film disc by making contact with the screen which, in turn, fixes the position of the film with respect to the plane of placing. in sharp focus. This screen is therefore interposed between the film and the corridor while fixing the position of the area to be exposed from the film in the sharp focusing plane. Due to the interposition of the screen between the film and the corridor, the latter no longer relates directly to the film. The position of the areas to be exposed from the film is however fixed precisely if the screen is made of a sheet material whose actual thickness can be kept constant with very regularity, even if this screen is mass produced. In such a case, the tolerances that can be expected on the precision of the positioning of the film, with respect to the plane of sharp focus, are much tighter than those which can be expected in the case. where the position of the film, relative to the plane of sharp focus, is made via the external and internal dimensions of the feeder.

The device can be fitted with a presser which makes contact with the face of the magazine which is opposite to that by which a part of the corridor enters the exposure window of the magazine. This presser resiliently tightens the film in the direction of the support encircling the optical axis or releases it. Between the support and the presser is the film which therefore in the event of pressure from the presser is obliged to remain in the plane of sharp focusing.

According to a particular feature of the device, it is possible to adapt the force developed by the presser, in the direction of the support, so that, in a first situation, the presser and the support cooperate to block the control and ie io advance mechanism this arrangement aims to maintain that of the tracks of the film disc which is centered on the exposure window in a particular well-defined plane and so that, in a second situation, this presser and this support leave free this range of film which is in the corridor so as to facilitate the advance, for example by rotation, of the film. Such a characteristic is particularly advantageous since this considerably reduces the efforts necessary to advance the film. This also makes it possible to significantly reduce the risks of scratching or scratching the film when the latter advances, rotates, and when it is no longer subjected to immobilization forces. This feature still has an undeniable advantage because the film advance mechanism is neutralized when the presser is in the first situation and also because the shutter cannot be released when the presser is in the second situation. .

The photographic camera can be designed so as to prevent access to the housing for the extraction of a film feeder as long as the latter does not occupy a well-defined orientation relative to the container of the film. charger. This is particularly advantageous since it avoids inadvertently exposing or veiling the film when the camera is unloaded because the charger can only be removed when its protective flap 35 obscures the exposure window of the container. .

Thanks to the discontinuities of the mobile group, the photographic camera can ensure the precise step-by-step advance of the mobile group, which makes it possible to take images in a circle. Thanks to such a technique it is pos-40 sible to design a relatively simple step-by-step advance mechanism in the sense that it suffices to place each of the discontinuities successively in the same, single and unique position.

Preferably, the photographic camera 45 is equipped with a film advance mechanism which comprises an advance member and a servo mechanism associated with the advance member so as to tilt the stop organ. Thus the film turns step by step and also each of these discontinuities of the charger core is immobilized successively and retained momentarily, always with the same orientation relative to the container of the charger and therefore relative to the case of the taking device. on the other hand. It will be observed that, thanks to this technique, the position of stop of the film during its step-by-step advance 55 is not dependent on its rotation. This therefore makes it possible to independently and precisely adjust the stop position of the film with respect to the device without having to worry about wear due to transmissions.

The photographic camera is preferably equipped with a film advance mechanism provided with a spring whose action rotates the film disc in a first direction and a manual control which, when changing from a first to a second position, rotates the film disc in the opposite direction, at the in-65 against the spring so as to tension it.

The characteristics of the invention will appear on reading the description given as an example and on examining the appended drawing where:

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FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of a film loader intended for use in the photographic camera according to the invention,

FIG. 2 is a top view, of the face by which it is exposed, of the charger of FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 is an opposite front view of the charger of FIG. 1,

FIG. 4 is a partial section, notably enlarged, along line 4-4 of FIG. 2,

FIG. 5 is a partial section, on a still larger scale, of FIG. 4,

FIG. 6 is a partial section along line 6-6 of FIG. 4,

FIG. 7 is a partial section along line 7-7 of FIG. 4 where the charger is placed in a camera,

Figure 8 is a partial section along line 8-8 of Figure 4, Figure 9 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the apparatus which is intended to receive a charger of a similar type to the one drawn in the previous figures,

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the apparatus of FIG. 9 but shown seen from the side opposite to that where it is drawn on the latter and with its movable back open to allow loading thereof,

FIG. 11 is a plan view of the mechanism of the apparatus of FIG. 10 showing the respective relative positions of its various constituents when the apparatus is furnished with a charger which has remained in its initial state,

FIG. 12 is a view similar to that of FIG. 11 but in which the film advance mechanism is ready to act on the loader for the first time,

FIG. 13 is a view similar to that of FIGS. 11 and 12 in which the charger is represented in the position it occupies when it is ready to record the first image, FIG. 14 is a partial section, on a large scale, along line 14-14 of Figure 11,

FIG. 15 is a partial perspective view of the film corridor of the photographic camera,

FIG. 16 is a somewhat schematic section of the film corridor and of the optical system associated with it, FIG. 17 is an enlarged, partial view of FIG. 13 showing a detail of the mechanism for advancing the film, FIG. 18 is a partial section, on a large scale, along line 18-18 of FIG. 11,

FIG. 19 is a plan view, similar to that of FIGS. 11, 12 and 13 but showing the opposite face of the mechanism,

FIG. 20 is a partial perspective view, enlarged, of the mechanism, of the shutter shown in FIG. 19,

FIG. 21 is an enlarged, exploded view of the lock on the movable back of the housing of the device shown in FIGS. 9 to 20,

FIG. 22 is a schematic plan view of another embodiment of the apparatus equipped with a simplified film advance mechanism,

FIG. 23 is a partial enlarged view of the mechanism of FIG. 22 when the charger is ready for an exhibition,

FIG. 24 is a view similar to that of FIG. 23 where the charger is fully exposed and where its protective flap covers the exposure window,

FIG. 25 is a plan view of another embodiment, equipped with an automatic film advance mechanism shown when the device is loaded,

FIG. 26 represents another embodiment of a lock on the movable back of the device for the embodiment drawn in FIG. 25, the lock closed,

FIG. 27 is a view similar to that of FIG. 25 where the lock is shown in another position,

FIG. 28 is similar to that of FIG. 25 where the various constituents are represented in their respective positions which they occupy when the film is advanced and exposed,

FIG. 29 is an alternative embodiment of the embodiments drawn in FIGS. 25 and 28,

FIG. 30 represents yet another alternative embodiment of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 25 and 28 after complete advance of the film,

and Figure 31 is a view similar to that of Figure 30 when advancing the film.

Referring to Figures 1 to 8 of the drawing, we see that there is shown an embodiment of a film feeder 41 intended to garnish a photographic camera according to the invention. This film loader is described in detail in Swiss Patent No. 625,062.

The film loader 41 comprises a core 42, made for example of a molded plastic, provided with radial ears 43, the number of which corresponds to that of the images which can be recorded on the film contained in the loader. For the purposes of the description, it is assumed that the core 42 is provided with ten discontinuities 43 arranged at thirty degrees from each other and delimiting a free right angle, devoid of discontinuities the bisector of which passes through the axis of a hole d coupling 44. This hole 44 is placed near a central passage 45, intended to receive a pin.

Now examining FIGS. 4 and 5, it can be seen that the opposite face of the core is provided with a stepped collar 46 which passes through a rotary protective flap 47, a screen 48 and a discoid film 49.

The flap 47 and the screen 48 are made of a sheet of a thin and opaque material, for example of paper or plastic, and the film 49 comprises a relatively rigid and flat support whose photosensitive emulsion layer is turned. towards the nucleus ears.

The flap and the film are keyed or otherwise joined to the core 42 in a manner which does not allow its relative position to be modified in order to maintain a sector 51, cut out from the film, in registration with a segment 52 of the protective flap and with the part of the nucleus which has a free right ear angle. The core 42, the protective flap 47 and the film 49 are thus capable of rotating, together, relative to the screen 48 which is interposed between the protective flap 47 and the film 49. As can be seen in FIG. 5, the periphery 53 of the core 42 is stamped or crimped in the central orifice of the film, for example by application of heat or ultrasound so as to make them permanently attached.

The film has a certain number of areas 54 intended for recording images which, preferably, are bordered by a margin which has been exposed beforehand, as can be seen in FIG. 2. Each of these places occupies a well determined position, always the same, with respect to the corresponding discontinuities 43.

The container 55 of the charger, shown in detail in Figure 1, is formed of a flexible and opaque blank which has a central square 56, a little larger than the screen 48. This central square is bordered by four flaps 57a to 57d.

A plug 59, made for example of a molded plastic material, carries an upwardly projecting ring 58 which passes through an opening 60 cut in the square 56 and to which it is fixed. The stopper is provided with a flange 61 which is fixed, for example by a suitable adhesive, of a permanent material to the container 55. This stopper is immobilized relative to the container 55 by keying thanks to a key 56a of the container which is engaged in a groove 59a of the plug.

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The core 42 carries on its flange 46 teeth 62 projecting in the direction of the center (only one of these teeth is shown in FIG. 5) and intended to engage in a groove 63, circular, formed in the ring 58 of the plug 59. These teeth and this groove make it possible to assemble the core 42 and the plug 59 while allowing them to rotate with respect to one another. As can be seen, in particular in FIG. 5, a baffle, light-tight, is formed between the periphery of the ring 58 and the surfaces which face it of the flange 46 due to the cooperation of a shoulder 64a of the plug 59 with a complementary notch 64b made in the core 42.

After making the film feeder by assembling the core, the protective flap, the screen and the film, then fitting the core into the cap fixed to the container, the flaps 57a and 57b then the flaps 57c and 57d are folded and fixed , with a suitable adhesive, like an envelope. Semicircular recesses 65a and 65d, cut in the flaps 57, assigned the same indices, closely border the periphery of the core. It will be observed, however, that these recesses do not need to ensure watertightness to light because the protection, against light, which the cooperation of the protective flap, of the screen and the configuration in steps ensures. of the nucleus are sufficient.

The corners of the container are folded and glued to the flaps, as seen in Figures 2 and 3, so as to form chamfers 66a to 66d. It will be noted that the chamfer 66d is larger than the other three so as to create an asymmetry on the loader.

An exposure window 67 (FIG. 2) is delimited by the cooperation of a light 68 formed in the flap 57d and notches 69a and 69b formed in the flaps 57a and 57b, respectively. This window is aligned with a light 70 cut out from the screen 48. However, it will be observed that any actinic radiation which enters the exposure window 67 will not reach the film because the segment 62 of the protective flap 47 is placed between the light 68 and light 70 which it obscures. It can therefore be seen that the film is thus completely protected against any untimely exposure as long as the core remains in its initial position where the segment 52 masks the window 67.

To avoid any accidental rotation of the protective shutter relative to the exposure window, when the charger is not placed in a photographic camera, this charger is equipped with a safety device to temporarily immobilize the core in rotation. This safety is shown in detail in Figures 4, 6 and 7 and is described more fully in the patent application which is mentioned above.

As can be seen, in particular by examining FIG. 4, this safety comprises a bar 71, in cantilever, which forms one end at one end with the plug 59 with which it is molded. A double wedge 72, shown in Figures 4 and 6, is integral with the inner wall 73, cylindrical of the core 42 with which it is molded. This double corner is intended to receive, initially, the free end of the bar 71 in a lower notch 74, as drawn at 71a in FIG. 6. Thus any relative rotation between the core 42 and the plug 59 is prohibited.

When loading, when such a charger is placed in a photographic camera, a crank pin 133 of the device drawn in FIG. 7, penetrates and passes through the coupling hole 44 of the core 42 and comes into contact with a roof 76, with two slopes, which the bar 71 carries so as to cause the latter to bend a little, to release the free end of the bar 71 from the notch 74, by placing it at 71 b, as drawn in the figure 6. As will be indicated below, the crank pin, which is part of the camera, describes a circle for rotating the core 42. Thus, when the core 42 rotates relative to the plug 59, when the film advance mechanism operates, and moves in the direction of an arrow 77 (FIG. 6), a lower ramp 78 of a projection 79 of the double corner 72 deflects the free end of the bar 71 and makes it partially penetrate into a slot 80 of the plug 59, just before the projection 79 lets the bar escape 71. Since the plug 59 remains immobile when the core 42 rotates, the crank pin 133 separates from the finger 76 of the bar 71 and the free end of the latter returns to the initial position which it occupied when it was trapped in the notch 74: this bar no longer hinders the rotation of the core 42.

When the core has practically completed one complete revolution, the free end of the bar 71 meets an upper ramp 81, of a projection 82 of the double corner 71, as it is drawn at 7 le in FIG. 6. Thus the end free of the bar 71 is raised so as to be able to penetrate into an upper notch 83 of the double corner 72, as it is drawn in 71d. It can therefore be seen that the core 42 is again immobilized, in rotation, relative to the plug 59. At the end of the rotation, the roof 76 of the bar 71 is again in contact with the crank pin 133 but the latter can no longer separate the free end of the bar 71 from the double corner 72. If the core 42 has not made a full turn and it is driven, in the opposite direction, towards its initial position, the free end of the bar 71 meets an upper ramp 84 of the projection 79 and is raised by the latter to be directed into the notch 83 where it remains trapped, as it has been described previously.

As we have just seen, the rotation of the core 42 relative to the plug 59 is only possible when such a charger is placed for the first time in a photographic camera and this core and this plug remain immobilized in rotation, relative to each other, if this charger is placed another time in a photographic camera, when the film has made a full revolution and returned to its initial position. Referring to the patent which has already been discussed, we see that instead of using the crankpin 133 to initially dislodge the bar 71 from the notch 74 we can use the central pin which engages in the passage 45 of the core 42.

It can therefore be seen that the safety with which the charger is equipped has a double action. It provides temporary immobilization of the core before exposure of the charger and permanent, permanent immobilization or blockage after exposure of the charger. The neutralization of this safety, when the device is loaded, is ensured by a key which constitutes the crank pin or the spindle.

The underside of the bar 71 is visible through the slot 80 formed in the plug 59. The free end of this bar is visible under a core 85 of the double corner 72 which connects the two projections 79 and 82, before the installation of the charger in a camera and, then, above this core when the film has returned to its initial position. We therefore see that if we paint or otherwise mark the free end of the bar 71 or the underside of the core 85 with a conspicuous color, easily identifiable, we can easily identify a blank magazine from a magazine exposed in examining whether or not this mark or mark is visible through the slot 80.

Referring to Figures 3 and 8 we see that the plug 59 is pierced with holes 86 which are perpendicular to the discontinuities or ears 43 corresponding to the core 42, when the latter occupies its initial position. A shoe 87 (Figures 4 and 8) of the core carries, on its underside, an easily visible mark or mark. When the core rotates to place the first track to be exposed behind the exposure window, the s

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shoe appears behind hole 86 number one (Figure 3), and so on at each successive exposure. This therefore makes it possible to identify in a convenient manner that of the beaches which is ready to be exposed.

We will now refer to FIGS. 9 to 21 where a particular embodiment of the apparatus is drawn, the film advance mechanism of which is manual, that is to say that each rotation of the discoid film of the magazine results a manual implementation, corresponding to the advance mechanism of the device.

In Figure 9 the front wall 102 of the housing 101 is equipped with a lens 103, a viewfinder 104 and a window 105 associated with the photosensitive sensor of an automatic exposure meter.

A trigger button 106 or pusher is placed on the upper wall 107, practically along the median axis of the body 108 of the housing. The upper surface of the pusher is just flush with the upper wall.

In Figure 10 there is shown the same embodiment of the camera, but this time its housing has been turned upside down and head to tail, so that its rear wall 109 is visible.

This case is equipped with a movable back 111, drawn in the open position, which is articulated on the case by hinges 112. When closed on the body, the back ensures the seal of the case and is immobilized in this position by a lock which can be operated by means of a button 113, placed not far from the sight glass 114 of the viewfinder, on the rear wall 109. A handle 115 of the film advance mechanism is also partially visible in Figure 10. This handle practically does not protrude from the apparatus housing, except when the advance mechanism is actuated.

If we carefully examine Figures 9 and 10 which we have just described, we see that the housing of the camera according to the invention is very compact, compact and practically devoid of any protuberance which would contradict its easy introduction into a pocket of clothing.

If we compare Figure 10 to other Figures 11 to 21, we see that the direction in which the device is drawn is the same; consequently, all the words which indicate a relative orientation must be understood as referring to this presentation. For example, if one refers to figure 10 one will say that the charger is placed above the camera.

We will now examine Figure 10. We see that the interior of the housing delimits a housing 116, shallow, which has the same asymmetry as the charger 41. This housing has a circular chamber 117, central, intended to receive the core 42 of the charger. The body 108 forms lateral walls 118 and 119, and extreme 121 and 122, to this housing, the bottom of which is constituted by a partition 127, held in place by screws 128. This partition carries, at each of its angles, shims 123,124,125,126 triangular. A circular opening 129 is made in the middle of the partition 127 so as to reveal a circular plate 131,

leading which pivots on a fixed spindle 132. This plate carries a crank pin 133 which has been discussed in connection with FIG. 7. The driving plate, the crank pin and the pin constitute driving means of the advance mechanism. A rectangular cutout 134 is made in the partition 127 to receive a support 13 5 on which the film will come to rest. This support, which is part of a corridor, is slightly protruding on the flat partition 127.

When a magazine 41 is placed in the housing 116, the pin 132 engages in the passage 45 of the core 42. Simultaneously, the crank pin 133 enters the coupling hole 44 of the core and the support 135 is introduced into the charger's rectangular display window.

Due to the complementary asymmetries of the charger and the housing of the device, it is clear that the charger can be placed in its housing only in one and only way.

When the movable back 111 is closed, after loading the device, a transparent look 136, bears on the plug 59 of the charger to maintain its core in contact with the driving plate 131. A circular rib 137, which forms a body with the back , surrounds the charger cap so as to ensure light-tightness.

A rectangular presser 138 is fixed to the movable back by two elastic blades 139, which tend to separate it from the movable back. When the back is closed, this presser is plumb with the support 135 but does not pinch the loader due to the contact of a pallet 140 of the presser with a stud 141 which passes through an indentation 142 cut out from the partition 127, close to support 135. This stud constitutes part of a control which makes it possible to modify the action of the presser.

A plate 143, preferably cut from a very resistant metal plate, is fixed in the body of the housing, under the partition 127 from which it is separated by spacers, not shown. For example, the screws 128 which pass through the partition 127 can also pass through spacer washers and penetrate into holes 144, of which only one is drawn in FIG. 11, of the plate before being screwed into suitably adapted prisoners of the body of the case. . This plate is intended to support the main mechanical and optical components of the device so as to form a sub-assembly which facilitates the mounting, assembly, adjustment and maintenance of the device and, also, fixed to definitively the relative positions of these various constituents.

We will now refer to FIG. 14 where the spindle 132. is drawn in detail. This spindle is permanently fixed to the plate 143 by a riveted lip 145. On this spindle journals the driving plate 131 and a drive crown 146 The upper end of the spindle 132 precisely engages in the passage 45 of the core 42 of the loader in order to fix the axis of rotation properly. When a charger fills the housing of the device, the core is engaged on the spindle, the support 135 enters the exposure window 67 of the charger and rests on the segment 52 of the protective flap. When the segment turns to unmask the exposure window, the support passes through the light 70 of the screen 48 to rest on the emulsified face of the film 49 which it supports by the periphery of the areas where images will form.

The support 135 is part of a corridor 147, shown in detail in Figures 15 and 16. This corridor is permanently fixed to the plate 143 by screws 148 so that the support protrudes, towards the top, through the cutout 134 formed in the partition 127. The support 135 is mounted cantilevered so as to delimit a passage 139, between it and the plate, to receive the blades 151 and 152 of the shutter . A rectangular aperture 153 is cut in the support 135 so as to be in line with an aperture 154, of the same shape, cut in the plate. These openings are a little larger than the ranges of the filmstrip where images will be recorded. To avoid any bending or deformation of the support, a stop 155 is placed at the free end of the support, outside the path described by the blades of the shutter. This stop rests on a tab 156 of the plate.

A prism 157, placed under the apertures 153 and 154, is made integral with the plate by a mount 158. The optical axis of this prism is coincident with that of the objective 103. Preferably, this objective is also made integral either from the corridor or from the stage. As can be seen, in particular in FIG. 16, the optical axis of the objective is practically parallel to the plane of the charger but the prism 157, or an equivalent mirror, bends this optical axis at a right angle so that the plane of s

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sharp focus of the lens coincides with the flat area of the film which is applied against the upper surface 159 of the support 135.

During each exposure, the presser 138 bears elastically against the flexible container of the charger and therefore applies the corresponding range of the film against the surface 159 of the support to make the film very precisely coincide with the plane defined by this surface.

According to an alternative embodiment, the light 70 cut out in the screen 48 of the charger can be smaller than the light 68 cut out in the container 55 so that the surface 159 of the support rests on the margins of the screen 48 which border its light 70; in this case it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the screen to ensure the coincidence of the plane of sharp focus of the lens with that of the film.

The fact that the optical path includes an odd number of reflections inverts the image but this inversion of the image can be easily corrected during projection or printing. For example, the discoid film exposed in the projector or printer is placed in the opposite direction to that of the shot, or else the optical path of the projector or printer is also made up of an odd number of reflections.

In Figure 19, we have drawn the different glasses of the viewfinder with the exception of its front glass. All these glasses are aligned on an axis 161, under the plate, parallel to the optical axis of the objective 103. To obtain a reflex aiming, it suffices that the reflecting face of the prism 157 is partially transparent and placed on the axis of the suitable viewfinder glasses or you can replace this prism with a movable mirror, as is well known in photography.

Referring to FIGS. 11 and 14, it can be seen that the driving plate 131 is provided, on its underside with a pinion 162 which meshes with the teeth 163 of a toothed sector 164.

This toothed sector rocks on an axis 165, fixed to the plate, so as to describe an arc of circle between two stops 166 and 167. A spring 168, relatively powerful, for example in hairpin, biases the toothed sector 164 in the opposite to clockwise. Whenever the appliance is not loaded, the spring 168 maintains the toothed sector 164 against the stop 166, as shown in FIG. 11. This toothed sector 164 and the spring 168 form a driving device. Thus the coupling pin 133 of the plate 131 occupies a position where it is ready to penetrate into the hole 44 for coupling the core of a charger intended to garnish the device. A curved ratchet 169, associated with the toothed sector 164, cooperates with a neutralizable pawl 171, subjected to the action of a spring 172. This pawl and this ratchet are intended to impede the rotation of the core, in the opposite direction to that of Clockwise.

The drive ring 146 carries an arm 173 which passes through a slot 174 formed in the side wall 119 of the body of the housing of the device. This arm constitutes an operating member of the advance mechanism in the wall. A tab 176 of the arm 173 projects downwards and passes through a curved slot 177 cut out in the plate. This tab receives one of the ends of a relatively powerful spring 178, which biases the drive crown 146 in the direction opposite to that of the needles of a watch, towards the position drawn in FIG. 11, position in which the arm 173 is in contact with one of the ends 179 of the slot 174. Thanks to the handle 115, at the end of the arm 173, it is possible to manually describe the drive crown 146 an arc a little larger than an eighth of a turn, to place it in the position where it is drawn in FIG. 12, a position which is defined by the meeting of this arm with the other end 181 of the slot 174.

A feed member, such as a motor claw 182, is articulated

on the crown by an ankle 183 which crosses a slit 184 cut in the claw. A spring 185, for example with a coil, connects the claw 182 to the crown 146 so as to elastically urge the claw towards the position where it is drawn in FIG. 11. In this position the claw bears against a foot 186 of the crown 146 so that the end of the slot 184 rests against the ankle 183. When the crown occupies the position where it is drawn in FIG. 11, a hook 187 of the drive claw 182 is close to the core, close to the middle part sector deprived of discontinuities of the core 42 of the charger which is drawn in broken lines in FIGS. 11, 12 and 13. When the handle 115 is actuated, to cause the drive crown 146 to pass from the position where it is drawn to Figure 11 to that where it is shown in Figure 12, the hook 187 describes an arc which corresponds to the path followed by the discontinuities 43 of the core. When this displacement places a slot 188 of the hook 187 against one 43a of the discontinuities of the core, that which corresponds to the first of the areas to be exposed from the film the contact of the pawl 171 with the teeth of the ratchet 169 prevents the hook 187 from making turn the charger core clockwise. The hook slides against the discontinuity 43a and therefore crosses it, overcoming the force developed by the spring 185, to finally take the position where it is drawn in FIG. 12.

A stop member, such as a retaining latch 189, is mounted on the plate by means of an eccentric pin 191, and is biased, in the direction opposite to that of the needles of a watch, by a spring. 192. This eccentric axis constitutes an adjustment system. A branch 193 of the latch carries a hook 194 which is placed near the hook 187 of the drive claw 182, when this claw occupies the positions where it is drawn in FIGS. 11 and 13. The drive claw, feed member and the retaining latch, stop member form a device for driving the advance mechanism. As can be seen in detail in FIG. 17, the hook 194 is placed under the hook 187 and carries a tab 195, bent upwards, placed on the branch 193 of the latch 189; this tab 195 bears against the contiguous edge of the drive claw 182 so as to fix the position of the latch 189, when the drive ring 146 occupies the position where it is drawn in FIGS. 11 and 13 in particular. Another branch 196 of the catch 189 constitutes a cam 197 which is intended to cooperate with a cam follower 198 integral with the crown 146. These cams and cam followers form a servo mechanism. When the crown 146 occupies its initial position, drawn in FIG. 11, the cam follower 198 is separated from the cam 197 and the hook 194 is disposed on the path of the discontinuity 43a of the charger core, when the core rotates.

Each time the crown describes an arc greater than about ten degrees, from its initial position, the cooperation of the cam 197 and the cam follower 198 causes the retaining latch 189 to switch to the position where it is drawn on the FIG. 12, so as to place the hook 194 out of the path described by the discontinuities 43 of the core 42.

When the drive ring 146 is returned by the spring 178, from the position where it is drawn in FIG. 12 to that where it is represented in FIG. 11, a radial flank 199, of the hook 187 meets the discontinuity 43a and, thus, rotates the core 42 of the charger and the driving plate 131, in a clockwise direction, against the torque developed by the spring 168. At the end of its return stroke towards its initial position, the cam follower 198 of the crown 146 separates from the cam 197 of the latch 189 and the spring 192 recalls the hook 194 to place it on the path of the discontinuity 43a and bears against it.

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As seen in FIG. 13, the contact between the discontinuity and the hook 194 occurs a little before the spring 178 has brought back the arm 173 of the drive ring 146 against the end 179 of the slot 174. From the fact that the spring 178 is more powerful than the spring 185, the drive claw 182 moves, a little, relative to the crown 146, against the spring 185 and, thus, the hook 187 resiliently applies the discontinuity 43a against the flank radial 201 of hook 194 (Figure 13).

The accuracy of the centering of the range of film to be exposed on the optical axis is therefore only, and only, determined by the precision with which the passage 45 of the magazine core adapts to the spindle 132 and by the position of the hook 194 .

To facilitate the construction of the apparatus the eccentric axis 191, shown in detail in FIG. 18, is riveted in 202 on the plate 143 with respect to which it can nevertheless turn when the blade of the blade is adapted to its slot 203 a screwdriver. A cylindrical bearing surface 204, of this axis passes through a spacer washer 205, and enters a complementary hole 206, drilled in the latch 189. It will be observed that this bearing surface 204 is somewhat eccentric relative to the geometric axis of the shouldered rod 207 which is riveted to the plate so as to allow the adjustment, in the workshop, of the position of the hook 194. Once this adjustment has been made, the precision is preserved by the fact that the spindle 132, the axis 191, 1st lane 147 , the prism 157 and the objective 103 are all rigidly fixed to the plate.

After taking the first view, as will be explained later, another operation of the drive crown 146 moves the hook 187 which meets the following discontinuity 43b of the core and rotates the latter so as to apply this ear against the hook 194. As already indicated, the cooperation of the cam 197 with the cam follower 198 separates the hook 194 from the ear 43a before the drive claw 182 drives, counterclockwise , the core 42 and recalls the hook 194 in the retaining position so that the next ear approaches its stopped position. When this has been done in this way in ten successive operations to center the last of the areas of the film on the exposure window, the free sector of a quarter turn, devoid of discontinuities in the core, is placed on the right, in FIGS. 11, 12, 13 and 17, of the hook 187 so that the curved path of the latter is insufficient for it to come back into contact with the discontinuity 43a. Thus any subsequent operation on the drive ring 146 has no effect on the position of the film which is also immobilized against any other additional rotation, in the direction opposite to that of the hands of a watch, by the contact. of the toothed sector 164 with the stop 167.

If, during the operation that has just been described, the film stuffs in the container of the charger, the slot and pin connection with elastic stress between the drive claw 182 and the drive ring 146 prevents damage to the device if an attempt is made to force to return the crown to its initial position.

Because of the angular difference between the discontinuities of the core, the centering of the first of the areas to be exposed on the optical axis requires a rotation of the crown 146 a little more than an eighth of a turn but the following maneuvers of the mechanism advance require only a displacement of this crown a little more than thirty degrees.

However, as will be indicated below, the arming of the shutter requires a rotation of the crown 146 such that it describes its maximum angular travel with each advance of the film.

To achieve this, a safety device, drawn in FIGS. 12 and 13, prevents the crown 146 from describing too short a stroke. A sleeve 208 pivots on an axis 165 placed under the toothed sector 164. This sleeve is normally biased, elastically, towards its middle position or it is represented, by a spring 209, for example a piano string engaged in the sleeve and passing freely between two feet 211. When the crown 146 moves from the position where it is drawn in FIG. 11 to that where it is represented in FIG. 12, teeth 212 placed at its periphery cooperate with a toc213 of the sleeve which it makes oscillate, in the opposite direction to that of clockwise, each time they cross it and escape it, like a ratchet and a ratchet. Thus, when one has started to rotate, clockwise, the drive crown 146, the latter cannot move in the opposite direction until it has reached the position in which it is drawn in FIG. 12. As can be seen in FIG. 12, at this moment, a curved cell 214, cut out in the crown 146, sits directly above the toc 213 of the sleeve 208 and allows this last to resume its middle position. When the crown 146 subsequently returns to its initial position, the safety functions in the same way when the teeth 212, which meet the knock 213, cause it to tilt in the clockwise direction. When the crown 146 reaches its initial position, another curved cell 215 is located directly above the safety element which can once again return to its middle position.

The shutter will now be described with reference to FIG. 19.

The shutter comprises an opening member 216 and a closing member 217 which are, for example, both cut from a sheet of metal foil. These two members are mounted so as to be able to switch, under the plate 143, between washers 218, at the lower end of the rod 219 of the spindle 132, as drawn in FIG. 14. These members are now in place by a elastic ring 221. Two springs 222 and 223 elastically urge the opening member 216 and the closing member 217, respectively, in the opposite direction to that of the needles of a watch. The opening member 216 and the closing member 217 are provided, respectively, with arms 224 and 225 which have parts 226 and 227, respectively, folded upwards so as to pass through a slot with curved edges 228 and 229, cut from the plate, as drawn in FIGS. 11 and 13. The arms 224 and 225 carry, respectively, the opening blades 151 and closing 152. These blades are parallel to the plate and aligned with the passage 149 provided under support 135.

FIG. 11 shows the shutter in the released position, position in which the opening blade 151 covers the closure blade 152 a little bit, the latter obscuring the opening 153 of the support 135. In this situation, the position of the opening member 216 is fixed by the contact of its part 226 folded with the end of the slot cut in the plate while the position of the closing member 217 is fixed by the contact of its arm 225 with a tab 233, curved downwards, of the opening member, as it appears on examining FIG. 19.

When the drive crown 146 rotates clockwise, a flange 234 which it carries meets the portion 226, folded upwards, of the opening member (FIG. 11) and drives, simultaneously, the two members, and therefore the two blades, clockwise.

When the tilting, clockwise, of the two members centered the opening blade on the axis of the aperture 153 of the support, as drawn in FIG. 19, a tooth 235 of the opening member 216 meets a first latch 236. This latch 236 is mounted so as to

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be able to tilt thanks to an axis 237 of the plate. This latch is biased, clockwise, by a spring 238, for example a hairpin. A second latch 239, also mounted on the plate so as to be able to tilt via a pin 241, is urged, in the clockwise direction, by a spring 242, for example a hairpin. This latch cooperates with a tooth 243 of the closing member 217. Thus the two shutter members are held in their respective armed positions, when the drive crown 146 returns to its initial position to complete the advance of the film. and arming the shutter.

Still examining FIG. 19, it can be seen that a pallet 244 of the arm 225 of the closure member 217 is applied against the core of a neighboring electromagnet 245, when the shutter is armed.

This electromagnet is carried by a gusset 246 which switches on an axis 247 of the plate. This gusset is biased, in the opposite direction to that of the needles of a watch, by a spring 248 so as to be able to describe a small curved stroke whose amplitude is limited by a fixed stop 249, which crosses a slot 251 cut in the gusset. This mounting of the electromagnet allows it to come into contact with the pallet 244 of the closure member 217, when the latter occupies its armed position, while allowing the latter to move a little beyond the position that it occupies when the shutter is armed under the action of the drive crown, during the advance of the film and the arming of the shutter.

When the first latch 246 separates from the tooth 235 of the opening member 216, as will be explained below, this member quickly switches, in the direction opposite to that of the needles of a watch, to spread the opening blade 151 of the aperture 153 of the support 135, aperture which it concealed: an exposure of a blank area of the film begins. When the opening member approaches the end of its travel, as it is drawn in FIG. 11, a protuberance 252 (FIG. 19) which it carries meets the rounded end of the second latch 239, the end which is in contact of the tooth 243 of the closure member 217. When the protuberance 252 presses on the latch 239, it causes it to tilt: this latch then lets the tooth 243 escape.

If the automatic exposure meter provided with the device does not power the electromagnet 245, the actuation of the second latch releases the closing member which then immediately switches, in the opposite direction to that of clockwise , so that its blade 152 obscures the opening 153 of the support 135: the exhibition ends mechanically. However, if the state of the automatic exposure meter is such that the duration of exposure must be longer, the energized electromagnet 245 retains the closing member in its armed position until the supply to the the electromagnet ceases; the shutter closes.

The shutters with electro-mechanical control under the dependence of an automatic exposure meter being well known in photography, we will not extend further about them, in particular with regard to the electronic circuit which controls the excitation and the cessation of the electromagnet supply.

For the rest of the description, reference is made in particular to FIGS. 19 and 20 of the drawing.

A rocker arm 253, the main part of the control, is mounted, under the plate, so as to be able to tilt thanks to axes 254 and 255 which pass through legs 256 and 257 of this rocker arm and tabs 258 and 259, cut out from the plate and bent down. The pusher 106 is fixed to the underside of the rocker arm 253, as it is drawn in broken lines in FIG. 19.

This pusher crosses a corresponding clearance,

formed in the body of the housing. A spring 260, a hairpin, is wound under the head of the axis 254 so that one of these branches is supported on an extension 261 of the rocker arm and so that its other branch is supported on the plate. Thus this spring pushes down, that is to say outward, the trigger thumb. The front end of the rocker arm 253 carries the stud 141 (FIGS. 10, 11 and 19 in particular) which crosses, upwards, the plate and the partition and comes to rest on the pallet 140 of the presser 138, when the movable back is closed. The spring 260 is powerful enough to overcome the forces developed by the elastic blades 139 which carry the presser (Figure 10) so that the latter does not take support on the charger, as long as the trigger thumb is not pressed.

By examining FIGS. 19 and 20, it can be seen that a slide 262 is mounted, on the underside of the plate, by means of a fixed dowel 263, which passes through a slot 264 cut out in the slide. This slide is biased, both to the right and in the opposite direction to that of clockwise, observing FIG. 19, by a spring 265. When the slide occupies the armed position, shown in solid line on the FIG. 19, a tooth 266 which it carries is in contact with a finger 267 carried by a tab 268 which projects upwards on the rocker arm 253 (see FIG. 20).

When the thumb is pushed in, the corresponding lifting of the finger 267 releases the tooth 266 from the slide 262 so that the spring 265 drives, to the right, the slide 262, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 19 where its position is defined by the meeting of the left end of the slot 264 with the pin 263. During this movement, a flange 271 of the slide 262 meets the lower branch 272 of the first latch 236: the latch moves away from the tooth 235 of the opening member and lets it escape to trigger the operation of the shutter. As already indicated, before triggering the shutter, the pin 141 of the rocker arm 253 causes the presser 138 to firmly apply the range of film to be exposed against the support 135 of the corridor 147 in order to ensure a rigorous flatness film during exposure.

Referring to FIGS. 11, 12 and 19, it can be seen that the drive ring 146 is provided with a rod 273 which projects downwards and which passes through a curved slot 274 cut out in the plate. This rod cooperates with a projection 275 of the slide 262, as it appears in FIG. 19.

The purpose of this rod is to replace the slider in its armed position, drawn in FIG. 19, when the crown 146 moves to the position where it is drawn in FIG. 12. When it is armed, the slider 262 rocks a little in clockwise, to separate from a guide foot 276 when the tooth 266 slides against the finger 267 of the tab 268 of the rocker arm.

A stop 277 which projects upwards on the rocker arm 253 crosses the corresponding end of the slot 274, cut in the plate, beyond the stroke described by the rod 273. This stop is coplanar with the crown 146, when the trigger thumb is not pressed.

When the drive ring 146 occupies the positions where it is drawn in FIGS. 11 and 13, a peripheral notch 278 cut out from this ring is plumb with the end of the stop 277 so that the ring d training does not prevent the trigger thumb from being pressed. However, each time the drive crown leaves its initial position, it becomes impossible to depress the trigger thumb because the end of the stop 277 meets the underside of the neck.

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ronne. Conversely, as long as the trigger thumb is held down, the stop 277 prohibits turning the drive ring 146 from its initial position. It can therefore be seen that the drive disc 146 cannot rotate until the thumb is released beforehand to separate the presser from the film feeder. The drive ring 146, with its notch 278, therefore forms with the rocker arm 253, and its stop 277, a blocking device which associates the advance mechanism with the control.

A cursor 279, drawn in FIG. 19, is mounted so that it can both slide and tilt on the underside of the plate 143, thanks to a pin 281 which passes through a slot 282. This cursor is resiliently stressed, both downward and clockwise, by a spring 283. After each advance of the film and arming of the shutter, the cursor 279 occupies the position where it is drawn in solid line. In this position a shoulder-ment 284 is applied against a foot 285 and the tab 176 of the drive ring 146 is retained behind a tooth 286 to prevent this ring from leaving its initial position. As already explained, the depression of the triggering thumb releases the slide 262 which moves, to the right, to assume the position where it is drawn in broken lines, in order to trigger the operation of the shutter. This displacement, to the right, of the slide 262 causes a flange 287, which it carries, to meet the rear end of the cursor 279 which it causes to tilt, in the direction opposite to that of the hands of a watch, on the ankle 281, against the torque developed by the spring 283. The shoulder 284 escapes from the foot 285 and the spring 283 then slides the cursor 279 backwards to make it assume the position where it is drawn in broken lines . In this position, the foot 285 is in contact with the side 288 of the cursor so as to separate its tooth 286 from the tab 176 of the drive crown 146. In this way it is again possible to rotate the drive crown to advance the film and rearm the shutter.

When the drive crown 146 approaches the position where it is drawn in FIG. 12, during the following operation of advancing the film and arming the shutter, its tab 176 encounters an extension 289 of the cursor 279 and drives the latter forward so as to replace it in the position where it is drawn in solid lines in FIG. 19. When the drive crown 146 returns to its initial position, its tab 176 meets the slope 291 of tooth 286 which it momentarily pushes aside: the tab 176 regains the position where it is immobilized. The fact of pushing the tooth 286 a little on the side causes the cursor 279 to tilt a little, in the opposite direction to that of the clockwise, but however, not enough, to separate the shoulder 284 from the foot 285 Thus, as soon as the tab 176 is hooked behind the tooth 286 the cursor 279 returns to the position drawn in solid line: it thus prohibits any other manipulation of the drive crown as long as the function has not been operated. 'shutter. We can therefore see that this cursor prevents the next blank area of the film from being put in place as long as the one preceding it has not been exposed.

Reference will now be made in particular to FIG. 21, where the detail of the movable back lock of the device housing has been drawn.

This lock comprises a slide 292 mounted on the plate 143 by virtue of the stop pin 166 and a pin 293 fixed to the plate. These pins pass through slots 294 and 295 respectively. This lock also includes a pusher 296 mounted, under the plate, by virtue of the opposite ends of these two pins which pass through slots 297 and 298, respectively. A tab 299, which projects upwards, passes through a cutout 301 made in the plate 143. This tab 299 is intended to come into contact with the right edge 302 of a tongue 303 of the slide 292. The pusher 296 is biased, to the right, by a spring 304 anchored on a foot 305 secured to the plate. A more powerful spring 306 connects the pusher 296 to the slide 292 by a finger 307, turned downwards, which passes through the cutout 301 of the plate. We therefore see that this spring applies the edge 302 of the slide 292 against the tab 299 of the pusher 296. These two springs cooperate to normally maintain the pusher and the slide in the position where they are drawn in FIG. 21, position where the pin -stop 166 and the pin 293 are in contact with the left ends of the slots 294 and 295 of the slide 292 and, practically, pass through the middle of the slots 297 and 298 of the pusher 296. When the slide occupies this position, and supposing that the movable back 111 is closed, a bolt 308 of the slide 292 is engaged in a keeper 309 of the movable back to maintain the latter in the closed position.

When one pushes, to the left, the pusher 296 by acting on the button 113 accessible from the outside, the tab 299 of the pusher drives, in the same direction, the slide 292 and thus separates the bolt 308 from the keeper 309 to allow to open the movable back. However, as best seen in FIG. 13, the toothed sector 164 is disposed immediately above the slide 292 and prevents the movement, to the left, of the tab 299 of the pusher 296, except when a clearance 311 is in the axis of this leg. This only occurs when the driving plate 131 occupies its initial position, as drawn in FIGS. 10, 11 and 12. This tab 299, associated with the clearance 311, constitutes a feeler of a security which associates the lock (tab 299 carried by the slide 292) to the motor device (clearance 311 prtiqué in sector 164).

As already explained, when the charger core rotates, step by step, in the opposite direction to that of clockwise under the action of drive claw 182, it rotates the toothed sector in the clockwise direction. a watch, meeting the torque developed by the spring 168: the contact of the pawl 171 with the teeth of the ratchet 169 of the toothed sector prevents the latter from turning in the opposite direction. Thus, each time the film turns to place a blank area behind the exposure window, it is impossible to push, to the left, the button 113 to open the camera housing until the driving plate 131 has not returned to its initial position, position where the segment 52 closes the exposure window of the magazine.

To open the movable back of the camera body, after one or more shots, you must first push the button 113 to the right, opposite to the force developed by the spring 306, so that the tab 299 of the pusher 296 meets a tab 312 of the pawl 171 to separate the latter from the teeth of the ratchet 169 of the toothed sector 164. The opposite end of the pusher 296 is provided with a tab 313, facing upwards, which passes through an opening 314 of the plate 143. When the pusher 296 is pressed to the right, to separate the pawl 171 from the teeth of the ratchet 169, the tab 313 meets the edge of the drive claw 182 which it displaces, making it tilt in the direction opposite to that of the needles of a watch around the ankle 183. This has the effect of causing the retaining latch 189 to tilt simultaneously in the clockwise directions on its axis 191 due to the contact of the motor claw 182 with the tab 195 (see FIG. 17). Thus, the hooks 187 for motor and 194 for retaining are both kept outside the trajectory of the ears of the charger core so that the spring 168 can rotate the driving plate 131 to return it to its initial position: the occult segment 52 then the exposure window of the magazine and allows pushing, to the left, the pusher 296 to open the back

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If as a result of an anomaly, for example as a result of a loader jam or a defect in the latter, the spring 168 cannot return the core of the charger to its initial position, mutual interconnections would prohibit opening of the movable back of the device and would therefore make it impossible to remedy operating disorders.

This is why it has been planned to be able to open the movable back of the case in these particular circumstances, which are quite exceptional, regardless of the position occupied by the magazine segment relative to the latter's exposure window. , when this opening will take place. To achieve this, it suffices to introduce a rod, for example the blade of a screwdriver, into a hole 315 drilled in the body of the housing of the device, a hole which is plumb with the rim 316 of the slide 292, and then push this slide back, against the efforts developed by the spring 306 to release the bolt 306 from the keeper 309 of the movable back.

Reference will now be made to FIGS. 22, 23 and 24 which show an alternative embodiment with manual drive. In this embodiment, it is also impossible to open the housing until the exposure window of the charger is obscured.

The charger comprises a core 351, shown in broken lines, similar to the core 42 described in connection with the previous embodiment. However, this nucleus further comprises a notch 352 which is not exactly on the bisector of the free sector of the nucleus, deprived of an ear. Although this notch is of no use for the operation of the embodiment described above, a core provided with this notch is compatible with the latter.

When such a charger is placed in a photographic camera, the passage 353, analogous to the passage 45, receives the pin 354 on which the drive arm 355 pivots. This drive arm carries the claw 356 by virtue of to a dowel 357 and to a spring 358, as has been described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13. A retaining latch 359 is mounted so as to be able to tilt, by virtue of an eccentric adjustment pin 361 and is biased, in the direction opposite to that of the hands of a watch, by a spring 363, relatively weak. This spring applies the latch against a stop 362. When a loader is placed in the camera, the hook 364 of the driving claw 356 engages in the notch 352 and the hook 365 of the retaining latch 359 is kept away from the periphery 366 of the charger core by the stop 362. Elastic pawls 367 and 368 are placed so as to meet the discontinuities in the charger core to prevent the latter from rotating in the direction clockwise, beyond a position in which the drive claw 356 can come into contact with the following discontinuity during each advance of the film.

When the arm 355 rotates clockwise, the hook 364 of the drive claw 356 slides against the first discontinuity 43a of the core which it crosses and a cam 369 of this claw meets a cam follower 371 of the retaining latch so as to move the hook 365 away from the path described by the discontinuities of the core, as drawn in broken lines in FIG. 22. It can then be seen that the stroke of the drive arm 355 is limited by a stop 372 so that the hook 364 moves only by an amount sufficient for it to meet the discontinuity 43b corresponding to the next range of the virgin film. When the arm 355 returns to its initial position, by turning in the opposite direction to that of clockwise, under the action of the spring 373 the hook 364 of the drive claw 356 rotates the film and places the following discontinuity 43b against the hook 365 of the retaining latch which has returned to its active position, at the end of the stroke of the drive arm 355. As can be seen in FIG. 23, the discontinuity 43a is then applied elastically against the hook 365 of the latch retaining, by hook 364 of the drive claw,

as already indicated. By repeating this operation, you scroll through all the tracks on the film in the exposure window. In addition, each operation of the drive arm 355 serves to arm the shutter and ensure the operation of other mechanisms of the device, in a similar manner.

When the last area of the film has been exposed, the next operation of the drive arm 355 causes the hook 364 to come into contact with the flank 374 of the notch 352 of the core and, thus, rotates this core by an amount sufficient to hide the exposure window by the segment of the protective flap, without making the core make a full turn.

A magazine equipped with such a notched core can also be modified by enlarging the upper notch of its double corner so that the core cannot be further rotated. As seen in detail in Figure 24, the fact that the flank 374 is not located on the bisector of the arc delimited by the discontinuities 43a and 43j, which corresponds to a rotation of the core a little less than a full turn, the discontinuity is maintained beyond the position for which the hook 364 of the drive claw 356 can come to grip it, extreme position which is drawn in broken lines. The first of the film tracks cannot therefore be re-exposed.

A movable back lock is drawn, diagrammatically, in FIG. 22. This lock comprises a pusher 375 which is biased, to the right, by a spring 376. This pusher can be operated, against the bias of this spring , by a button 377 to separate the bolt 378 from a complementary keeper of the movable back. A foot 379, fixed on the pusher 375, cooperates with a ramp 381 of a latch 382 so as to tilt the latter, in the direction opposite to that of clockwise, on an axis 383 when the button 377 is pushed to the left to open the movable back. A bracket 384 is mounted so as to tilt on an axis 385. This bracket carries a finger 386 which is applied against the cam 369 of the drive shoe 356 by means of a spring 387. When the hook 364 of the drive shoe 356 is engaged in the notch 352 of the core, the square takes the position where it is drawn in solid lines, position where a shoe 388 is located outside the path of a tongue 389 of the latch 382 to allow the latter to tilt, in the direction opposite to that of clockwise, under the action of pusher 375. When the core 351 occupies another angular position, the movement of finger 386 rotates clockwise, the square 384 , to make it take the position where it is drawn in broken lines, position where we see that the shoe 388 prohibits any rotation, in the direction opposite to that of the hands of a watch, of the latch 382 and thus prevents from moving the button that drives the push button to open mobile back. Thus the movable back cannot be opened as long as the core 351 occupies a position in which the segment of the protective flap does not mask the window of the magazine.

The following relates to the alternative embodiment drawn in FIGS. 25 to 28. This alternative variant corresponds to a photographic camera taking pictures equipped with an automatic film advance mechanism where the energy required when the successive areas to be exposed are put in place, film is accumulated in the device when it is loaded.

As already indicated, such an apparatus comprises a pin 401 intended to receive the passage of the core 42 of the charger shown in broken lines. The leading platform 402, which

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journalled on the spindle 401, carries a pinion 403 and peripheral lugs 404, equidistant from an arc of thirty degrees corresponding to that of the ears of the core 42. A drive sector 405, toothed, meshes on the pinion 403 and pivots on an axis 406. This drive sector is stressed, clockwise, by a relatively powerful spring 407, for example a hairpin.

When the drive sector 405 occupies the position where it is drawn in FIG. 25, its coupling pin 408 is placed on the right which joins the axis of the spindle 401 with the center of the aperture 409 of the support of the appliance corridor. Under these conditions the device can be charged.

A lever 411 is mounted so that it can also turn around on the axis 406. This lever carries a flat 410 intended to come into contact with an edge 413 of the drive sector 405. To open the device, lever 411 is moved, in the opposite direction to that of clockwise, to move it from the position where it is drawn in broken lines in FIG. 25 to that in which it is represented in solid lines in this same figure . This places the drive sector and the drive disc in the respective positions where they are drawn in solid lines in Figure 25.

The movable back lock comprises, as seen in particular in FIGS. 26 and 27, a slide 414 which is mounted on the body, not drawn from the housing of the camera, by pins 415 and 416. These pins pass through an “L” shaped slot 417. A spring 418 biases the slide 414, both to the left and clockwise around the peg 416. The movable back 419, partially shown, is drawn in the closed position in Figure 26 and partially open in FIG. 27. When the back 419 is closed, the slide 414 occupies the position where it is drawn in FIG. 26 where the pins 415 and 416 both occupy the horizontal branch 421 of the slot 417, position where the bolt 422 is engaged in strike 423 to keep the movable back closed. When the lever 411 reaches the end of its travel, to take the position in which it is drawn in FIG. 25, it encounters a shoulder 424 of the slide which it drives to the right, opposite to the forces developed. by the spring 418, to release the bolt 422 from the strike 423. Just before the bolt and strike separate, the vertical branch 425 of the slot

417 is aligned with the pin 415 so that the spring

418 causes the slide around the pin 416 to turn clockwise so as to place a tab 426 of the slide to the left of the lever 411. When the lever 411 has completed its travel, in the opposite direction to that of the hands of a watch, and that the movable back 419 is ajar, the tab 426 overlaps the lever 411 which it immobilizes in the position where it is drawn in FIGS. 25 and 27: the drive sector 405 is retained in the position where it is drawn in FIG. 25 as long as the movable back remains open. When the movable back is then closed, the edge 427 of the latter meets the bolt 422 which it presses against the torque developed by the spring 418: the horizontal branch 421 of the slot 417 is again aligned with the pin 415 and the spring can return, to the left, the slide to make it resume the position where it is shown in Figure 26. Simultaneously the slide releases the lever 411 which is returned by a spring 428, in the position where it is drawn in broken lines in Figure 25 and in solid lines in Figure 28.

When the movable back is closed, the lever 411 no longer hinders the rotation, in the clockwise direction, of the drive sector 405 under the action of the torque developed by the spring 407. Thus, this sector turn, counterclockwise, the drive plate and therefore the magazine core. When the core of the charger rotates in this direction, its discontinuity 43a in correspondence with the first of the areas of the film to be exposed, meets the hook 429 of the retaining latch 430. Under these conditions the segment of the protective flap unmasks the lights of the charger and the first of the ranges to be exposed is then centered on the aperture 409 of the exposure window.

The shutter comprises an opening blade 431 and a closing blade 432. These blades are arranged one above the other so as to be able to slide, as is well known. These two blades are drawn in FIG. 25, in the armed position, where an opening 433, cut in the closing blade 432, is centered on the aperture 409 of the exposure window and in which an opening 434, cut in the opening blade, is located to the right of the opening 409 of the exposure window. A foot 435 of the opening blade is retained by a hook 436 of a first latch 437 mounted so as to be able to tilt. This hook retains the opening blade against the stress developed by a spring 438. The closing blade 432 is held in the armed position, due to the contact of a spout 439 which it carries with a hook 441 a second latch 442 mounted so as to be able to tilt. This second latch retains the closing blade against the forces developed by a spring 443.

The trigger pusher 444 is mounted so as to be able to slide by means of pins 445 which pass through a slot 446. This pusher is normally maintained in the projecting position by means of a spring, one end of which is anchored on the mounted rocker arm 448 so that you can switch. It will be observed that the representation of the trigger pusher is entirely schematic and that its location can, in fact, be similar to that where the pusher 106 is drawn in FIG. 9.

When one pushes the thumb 444, to take an image, its initial displacement causes the rocker arm 48 to tip over to separate its stud 449 from the pallet 451 of the presser, as has already been explained in connection with the embodiment drawn in FIGS. 9 to 21. This initial stroke of the pusher 444 has the effect of releasing the presser in order to apply the film against the support of the corridor. When it continues its race, a tab 452 of the thumb-piece meets the first latch 437 which it swivels, clockwise, around its axis 453 to cause this latch to assume the position where it is drawn in a solid line in FIG. 28. This tilting, in the clockwise direction, of the first latch has the effect of separating the hook 436 from the foot 435 of the opening blade and placing another hook 454 that is carrying this latch on the path of another foot 455 of the opening blade. Thus, an exposure begins since the spring 438 drives the opening blade in an intermediate position, shown in FIG. 28, where its opening 434 is centered on the aperture 409 of the exposure window behind which there is a blank area of film. In this position where the foot 455 is retained by the hook 454 of the first latch, the opening 433 of the closing blade is then also centered on the aperture of the exposure window.

When the opening blade reaches its intermediate position, a protuberance 456 which it carries encounters a boss 457 of the second latch 442 so as to separate the hook 441 of the latter from the spout 439 of the closing blade: the spring 443 drives then the closing blade in its intermediate position given by the contact of a tab 458 with the edge of the opening blade. This completes the exposure because the opening 433, cut in the closing blade, has then exceeded the opening of the exposure window. The exposure time has thus been set mechanically, but it is clear that it is possible to associate an electromagnet with the closing blade to delay the moment when its final movement begins, to complete the exposure, to a manner analogous to that which has been

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described above, in particular with regard to FIG. 19.

When the thumb, after being pressed, returns to its initial position under the action of the spring 447, the rocker rocker so that its stud 449 releases the pallet 451 so that the presser no longer applies the film against the opening of the 'hallway support. A tab 459 of the thumb then meets the first latch 437 to return the latter to its initial position. This tilting of the first latch separates the hook 454 from the foot 455 of the opening blade 431: the two blades of the shutter can slide a little more to the left, as it is drawn in broken lines in FIG. 28. When this ultimate, additional stroke of the two blades, the edge 461 of the opening blade 431 meets an arm 462 of the retaining latch 430 which it swings around its eccentric axis 463 to make it assume the position where it is drawn in broken lines in Figure 28. As can be seen then, its hook 429 separates from the discontinuity 43a of the charger core. The drive sector 405 can therefore then rotate, counterclockwise, the driving plate 402 and therefore the core 42 before placing the pin 404a in the vicinity of a finger 464 d ' an arming mechanism. This mechanism is composed of a bell return 465 which switches, clockwise, on an axis 466. This cocking mechanism also includes a lever 467 which switches on the axis 466, under the bell return 465. This lever is biased, in the direction opposite to that of the clockwise, by a spring 469 so as to rest on a stop 468. A spring 471, relatively weak, for example in pin hair, requests the bell return, clockwise, relative to the lever 467 so as to apply a flat 472 of the bell return against a curved tab 473 of the lever 467.

When the lug 404a of the leading plate 402 encounters and crosses the finger 464 of the bell referral, it causes the latter to tilt, clockwise, which, in turn, thanks to the contact of its flat 472 with the tab 473, switches the lever 467 to make it take, momentarily, the position where it is drawn in broken lines in FIG. 25, before returning to its initial position. When the lever 467 rocks, clockwise, its head 474 encounters an extension 475 of the opening blade 431 and, thus, returns the two blades of the shutter to their initial, armed position. When the lever 467 begins to drive the two blades of the shutter towards their initial armed position, the edge 461 of the opening blade separates from the arm 462 of the retaining latch 430, so that a spring 476, whose l 'one end is anchored on this latch, replace the latter in the position where it is drawn in Figure 25: the drive disc, and therefore the charger core, stop when the next ear 43b of the core meets the hook 429.

It is thus seen, thus, that the next range of blank film is then centered behind the exposure window and that the shutter is reset. When this cycle is repeated to expose all the ranges of the film of a loader, the sector 405 comes against a stop 477 which prohibits any additional rotation, in the direction opposite to that of clockwise, of the film.

Since the slide 414 immobilizes the lever 4411 in the position shown in solid lines in FIG. 25, as long as the movable back of the device is open, the film of the magazine which garnishes the device cannot rotate as long as the movable back was not closed; this prevents the film from being inadvertently veiled.

If desired, this alternative embodiment can also be used in the photographic camera which has been described in connection with FIGS. 9 to 21; it suffices to provide it with a lock capable of immobilizing the drive crown 146, in the position where it is drawn in FIG. 11, each time the movable back of the housing of the apparatus is opened.

To extract a charger from the device, whether it has been totally or not exposed, the movable back of the case is opened by placing the lever 411 in the position where it is shown in broken lines in FIG. 25; this rotates, in a clockwise direction, the core 42, to make it return to its initial position in which the segment of the protective flap again masks the lumens of the container and in which the core is immobilized by the cap bar. When the drive plate thus turns, in the clockwise direction of rotation, the ears of the core successively meet the slope 478 of the hook 429 of the retaining latch and thus cause the latter to tilt, against the torque developed by spring 476; the pins 404 of the leading plate escape, in the same way, from the finger 464 of the bell return 465 of the arming mechanism, the bell return which they tilt, in the direction opposite to that of the hands of a watch, to against the torque developed by the spring 471. Although the shutter has been drawn in FIG. 25 in the armed position when the device is loaded, this possibility only occurs if the charger which previously fitted the device was removed before exposing the entire film. Conversely, if the previous magazine has been fully exposed, the shutter is not reset and is only reset during the initial rotation of the driving plate which places the first of the areas to be exposed behind the exposure window.

FIG. 29 represents a modification of the embodiment drawn in FIGS. 25 to 28.

In this modification, the shutter is no longer armed when advancing the film but, for example, during the final stroke of the triggering thumb, when the latter returns to its initial position, after the presser has separated of film to no longer press it against the support of the corridor of the device. For this modification, the arming mechanism shown and described with reference to FIGS. 25 to 28 has been eliminated.

In this modification of the embodiment, the retaining catch 430 has been provided with an exhaust. When the final stroke of the shutter blades causes the retaining latch to tip into the position where it is drawn in broken lines, its hook 429 separates from that of the ears of the core in contact with which it was, simultaneously, the pawl 481 of the exhaust is placed on the path of the pins 404 of the driving plate. Thus, the film performs only part of its rotation which places the next track in the exposure position, before the pawl of the exhaust momentarily hampers any additional rotation, in the opposite direction to that of the needles d 'a watch, from the leading tray.

When the shutter is reset, when the thumb describes the end of its upward stroke to return to its initial position, the spring 476 returns the retaining latch to the position where it is drawn in solid line in FIG. 29, position in which the ratchet 481 of the exhaust is moved away from the pins of the driving plate. The disc then completes its rotation, to place the next track in the exposure position when the next discontinuity of the core 42 meets the hook 429.

Figures 30 and 31 show a modification of the exhaust described with reference to Figure 29.

In this case, it can be seen that the hook 483 of the retaining latch and the pawl 484 of the exhaust cooperate directly with the ears 43 of the core 42 to adjust the rotation, step by step, of the latter when it is stressed, in the direction opposite to that of the hands of a watch, by the leading plate 485. The hook 483 is carried by the latch of s

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retainer 486 which rocks on the eccentric axis 487. This retainer latch is biased, in the direction opposite to that of the needles of a watch, by a spring 488. In the position, given by a stop 489, where it is drawn in FIG. 30, the retaining latch places its hook 483 on the trajectory of the discontinuity 43a of the core in order to prevent the rotation, in the direction opposite to that of clockwise, of the core 42 and thus center the corresponding film range in the exhibition window. The pawl 484 of the exhaust is integral with a lever 491 which is mounted so as to be able to tilt on an axis 492. This lever carries a cam 493 which cooperates with a cam follower 494 carried by the opening blade 431 of the shutter, when the latter occupies its intermediate position, as drawn in FIG. 30. A tab 495 of the retaining latch cooperates with an arm 496 of the lever 491 so that the torque exerted by the spring 488, to cause it to tilt in the direction opposite to that of the needles of a watch, the retaining latch, that is to communicate with the lever 491 to make it tilt, in the opposite direction, and apply it against a stop 497. When the opening blade 431 reaches the end of its travel, when the shutter has operated, as shown in FIG. 31, the cam follower 494 causes the lever 491 of the escapement to tilt in the opposite direction to that of clockwise his arm 496 raises, clockwise shows, the retaining latch against the torque exerted by the spring 488. Thus the hook 483 separates from the discontinuity 43a of the core which it retained and the core can then rotate to take the position where it is drawn on the s Figure 31, position in which this ear meets the pawl 484 and the exhaust which then immobilizes the core. When the shutter is reset, the spring 488 returns the retaining latch and the lever of the exhaust to their respective positions, as shown in FIG. 30, so that the pawl 484 separates from the discontinuity 43 a and that the hook 483 can intercept the trajectory of the ear 43b, to complete the establishment of the next blank area of the film.

As we could see from reading the above, the device is equipped with a key, for example the crank pin 133 or the spindle 132, arranged to cooperate with the safety of the charger which is put in place in the apparatus in order to neutralize it and thus, release the core of the magazine so that it can rotate under the action of the advance mechanism, for its only first use. It is possible to associate with the photographic camera, for example electric controls, to ensure the operation of an auxiliary lighting device with flash lamps or the displacement of the mirror in the case of reflex aiming.

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10 sheets of drawings

Claims (21)

628,155 2 1. Photographic camera, the housing (101) of which comprises two opposite walls forming a housing (116) for receiving a flat feeder containing a disc-shaped film, characterized in that it comprises a corridor made up of on the one hand, a support (135) encircling the optical axis and projecting from one wall in the housing and, on the other hand, a presser (138) projecting from the other wall and resiliently biased in the direction of this support, a command (141) to modify the elastic stress of the presser in the direction of the support so that in a first situation presser and support cooperate to tighten and so that in a second situation presser and support cooperate to release, a security (299,311) to temporarily prohibit access to housing and an advance mechanism (173,182-189, 131, 132, 133) engaged in housing. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a blocking device (146,277) associating the control and the advance mechanism to neutralize the latter when the presser is in its first situation. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, provided with a shutter (151,152), characterized in that the blocking device also cooperates with the shutter to prohibit the operation of the latter when the presser is in its second situation. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3 provided with a trigger pouch (106), characterized in that the presser is arranged so that the depression of this thumb that precedes the exposure passes the presser from its second to his first situation. 5. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4 provided with a movable back (111) for loading, characterized in that the pressure plate is carried by this back. 6. Apparatus according to claim 1, the housing (101) of which is provided with a housing (116) for receiving the charger from a body (108) which carries a movable back to give access to the housing for the charger, characterized in what it includes a lock (292,296) associated with security (299,311) and cooperating with the back to prevent the opening of the latter. 7. Apparatus according to claim 5 and intended to receive a flat type film feeder (41) pierced with an exposure window (67) and with a fixed screen (48) pierced with a light (70), on either side of which are placed a protective flap (47) and a movable grouping in rotation made of a film disc (49) and a core (42), characterized in that it comprises a latch ( 292/296) which is movable between a first position where it retains the back (111) closed to prevent extraction of the magazine and a second position where it allows the opening of the back to authorize this extraction, security being provided with a sensor (299/311) intended to detect the position of the cores, protective flap and film disc so as to act on the security to place the latter in a situation where it allows the lock to pass from its first to its second position. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a motor device (164/168) intended to rotate the core, protective flap and film disc. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that one of the safety and feeler elements neutralizes the motor device when safety authorizes access to the charger. 10. Apparatus according to one of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the motor device is provided to rotate the core in a first direction so that the protective shutter unmasks the light from the screen, to scroll the disc of film behind the exposure window, and to rotate this core in the opposite direction so that the protective shutter obscures this light. 11. Apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that its advance mechanism (173, 182-189, 131-133) is provided with a drive device (181, 189) intended to cooperate with the core of the loader and is provided with an operating member ( 173), in that the motor device (164, 168) is resiliently biased and is bandaged by the operating member to rotate the core and in that security is associated with the motor device and the lock so as to prevent the passage of the lock in its second position when the motor device is bandaged. 12. Apparatus according to one of claims 7 to 11, intended to receive a charger whose mobile group has discontinuities (43), characterized in that its advance mechanism is intended to cooperate with the core to drive in rotation the mobile grouping of the loader and a stop member (189) mounted tilting on an axis (191). 13. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that its advance mechanism comprises a feed member (182) and in that it comprises a servo mechanism (197, 199) which is associated with this member in advance so as to tilt the stop member. 14. Apparatus according to one of claims 11 and 12, characterized in that the axis (191) is adjustable so as to be able to adjust the position of the stop member. 15. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the advance mechanism comprises a spring (178, 185) intended to rotate the core in a first direction and in that it comprises a lever (173) movable manually from a first position to a second to rotate the core in a second direction opposite to the first against the spring. 16. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the lock is placed in its second position when the movable lever gains its second position. 17. Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that it comprises a key neutralize a safety (132, 133) prohibiting the movement of the group in the charger when it is placed in the device. 18. Apparatus according to claim 1, provided with a shutter (151,152), a lens (103) and a viewfinder (104), characterized in that it comprises a reflecting surface (157) on the optical axis of its objective in order to bend it so that before reflection the optical axis is parallel to the plane of the housing (116) of the charger and that after reflection the optical axis is normal to this plane. 19. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the part of the optical axis of the apparatus parallel to the plane of the housing (116) carries the objective. 20. Apparatus according to one of claims 18 and 19, characterized in that the part of the optical axis normal to the plane of the housing (116) carries the shutter. 21. Apparatus according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the part of the optical axis of the apparatus parallel to the plane of the housing (116) is also parallel to the optical axis of the viewfinder.