CH597151A5 - N-Methyl amino acids prepn. - Google Patents

N-Methyl amino acids prepn.

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Publication number
CH597151A5
CH597151A5 CH1579674A CH1579674A CH597151A5 CH 597151 A5 CH597151 A5 CH 597151A5 CH 1579674 A CH1579674 A CH 1579674A CH 1579674 A CH1579674 A CH 1579674A CH 597151 A5 CH597151 A5 CH 597151A5
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Switzerland
Prior art keywords
cbo
formula
amino acids
methyl
optically active
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CH1579674A
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German (de)
Inventor
Janos Pless
Original Assignee
Sandoz Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Sandoz Ag filed Critical Sandoz Ag
Priority to CH1579674A priority Critical patent/CH597151A5/en
Publication of CH597151A5 publication Critical patent/CH597151A5/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D263/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
    • C07D263/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D263/08Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D263/16Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D263/18Oxygen atoms

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)

Abstract

Prepn. of optically active N-methyl amino acids of formula MeNH-CHR-COOH (I) (where R is H or an opt. OH-substd. alkyl, aryl or aralkyl gp) comprises (a) reacting the corresp optically active N-carbobenzoxy amino acid of formula Cbo-NH-CHR-COOH (II) (where Cbo = carbobenzoxy) with paraformaldehyde (III), and (b) catalytically hydrogenating the resulting 3-Cbo-5-oxazolidinone of formula (IV):Cpds. (I) are useful as antibiotic intermediates. The process gives high yields e.g. 55-90% in step (a) and 95% in step (b). The products have high optical purity. In an example, N-methyl-L-valine. HCl is prepd. from 3-Cbo-L-valine via 3-Cbo-4-isopropyl-5-oxazolidinone.

Description

  

  
 



   Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von optisch aktiven N-Methylaminosäuren der Formel I (siehe Formelblatt), worin R Wasserstoff oder einen gegebenenfalls hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Alkyl-, Aryloder Aralkylrest bedeutet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man Cbo-Aminosäuren der Formel II, worin R Wasserstoff oder einen gegebenenfalls hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Alkyl-, Aryl- oder Aralkylrest bedeutet, mit Paraformaldehyd in die entsprechenden Cbo-5-Oxazolidinone der Formel III, worin R Wasserstoff oder einen gegebenenfalls hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Alkyl-, Aryl- oder Aralkylrest bedeutet, überführt und letztere hierauf der katalytischen Reduktion unterwirft.



   Der Darstellung von optisch aktiven N-Methylaminosäuren kommt bei der Synthese von Antibiotica mit wertvollen pharmakologischen Eigenschaften grosse Bedeutung zu.



  Den bisher bekannten Verfahren haften aber verschiedene Nachteile an. So handelt es sich bei der Methode von P. Quitt et al. (Helv. 46, 327 [1963] um eine in einem vierstufigen Verfahren durchgeführte reduktive Alkylierung, die zu niedrigen Ausbeuten an Endprodukt führt. Die von J. Mc Dernott et al. (Can. J. Chem. 51, 1915   [1973]    beschriebene Methode der Alkylierung von Cbo-Aminosäuren mit Methyljodid in Gegenwart von Natriumhydrid bei   100"    ist zu drastisch und führt teilweise zu racemischen Produkten.



   Nach dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren gelangt man in guter Ausbeute in einem präparativ einfachen zweistufigen Verfahren zu optisch reinen N-Methylaminosäuren. Hierbei werden in einer ersten Stufe Cbo-Aminosäuren nach an sich bekannten Verfahren, vorzugsweise durch Lösen in einem unter den Reaktionsbedingungen inerten Lösungsmittel, wie z. B. Toluol mit Paraformaldehyd in Gegenwart von p-Toluolsulfonsäure, umgesetzt, wobei bis zu einer Stunde am Rückfluss gekocht wird. Die entstandenen 5-Oxazolidinone sind gut kristallisierbare Verbindungen, die man quantitativ von unreagierten Cbo-Aminosäuren durch Auswaschen mit wässrigem Alkali trennen kann. Anschliessend wird in einer zweiten Stufe die katalytische Reduktion der 5-Oxazolidinone durchgeführt.

  Die Reduktion findet vorzugsweise in Methanol als Lösungsmittel unter Zugabe von 1 bis 4 Äquivalenten methanolischer, ätherischer oder wässriger Salzsäure statt. Die Reduktion wird vorzugsweise bei Temperaturen zwischen 20 und   100"    bei 1 bis 100 Atmosphären Wasserstoffdruck durchgeführt. Als Katalysatoren kommen die üblichen Edelmetallkatalysatoren, vorzugsweise Palladium, in Frage. Die Edelmetallkatalysatoren können beispielsweise als Trägerkatalysatoren, wie z. B. Palladium auf Kohle, vorliegen. Zur Vermeidung von Nebenreaktionen ist die Zugabe eines Überschusses an Katalysator und intensives Rühren unerlässlich. Die Hydrierung soll möglichst schnell durchgeführt werden.



   Die verfahrensgemäss erhaltenen optisch aktiven N-Methylaminosäuren lassen sich hierauf auf üblichem Weg isolieren.



  Während der Aufarbeitung können die gebildeten optisch aktiven N-Methylaminosäuren durch die methanolische Salzsäure 1 bis 10% verestert sein. In solchen Fällen genügt eine Nachbehandlung (Aufkochen mit wässriger 2n Salzsäure), um einheitliche N-Methylaminosäuren zu erhalten.



   Im folgenden Beispiel wird die Erfindung näher beschrieben. Die Temperaturangaben erfolgen in Celsiusgraden.
EMI1.1     

EMI1.2     




   Beispiel a) 3-Cbo-4-isopropyl-5-oxazolidinon
10,05 g N-Cbo-L-Valin (40,0 m Mol) werden in 400 ml Toluol gelöst, 2,0 g Paraformaldehyd und 0,6 g p-Toluolsulfon säure zugegeben und die weisse Suspension 45 Minuten am    Rückfluss    gekocht. Die leicht grüngelbe Lösung wird im
Vakuum total eingedampft und der Rückstand in 500 ml Äther gelöst. Im Scheidetrichter wird extrahiert mit:
4 x NaHCO3 zu 250 ml
1 x NaCl   ges.zu    250 ml
Die organische Phase wird über Natriumsulfat getrocknet und im Vakuum total eingedampft. Das farblose klare Ol kristallisiert nach dem Anreiben in Petroläther aus. Es wird abfiltriert und einmal mit Petroläther nachgewaschen. Die weisse kristalline Substanz wird im Vakuum bei Raumtemperatur getrocknet.



   Ausbeute: 9,55   g=90   
Schmelzpunkt:   55-55,5"   
Optische Drehung =   [a]58920:      +      102"    (C = 1,0 in   CH2Cl2)   
Tabelle 1 weitere nach a) hergestellte 5-Oxazolidinone
Amino- Ausbeute Schmelzpunkt optische Drehung säure   (C =    1,0 in   CH2Cl2)   
L-Phe   85%      82"      (83 )      +199       (+212 )    L-Ala 80%   88"      (65 )    +   83"    L-Gly   55%      81"      (84")       -   
L-Ile 75%   68"      +102    

    L-Leu 90%   61      (63")      +      96"      (+108 )    L-Val 90%   55"      (54 )      +102  (+      95 )       n Unkorrigierte    Werte (Schmelzpunkt-Apparat nach Tottoli) b) N-Methyl-L-valin-hydrochlorid
7,90 g 3-Cbo-4-isopropyl-5-oxazolidinon (30,0 m Mol) werden in 350 ml Methanol gelöst und mit 30 ml Methanol/   HC1    1,2n (1,25 eq.) versetzt, 3,5 g Pd/C 10% zugegeben und bei Raumtemperatur und Normaldruck unter sehr starkem Schütteln hydriert. Nach 10 Minuten ist die Hydrierung beendet.



  Der Katalysator wird abfiltriert und die klare grüngelbe Lösung im Vakuum schonend eindestilliert.



   Weil Spuren der Substanz verestert sind, wird der Rückstand in 200 ml HCl 2n gelöst und 3 Stunden am Rückfluss gekocht. Im Vakuum total eingedampft, erneut in 50 ml Wasser gelöst und wieder total eingedampft.



  Der weisse kristallisierte, aber leicht schmierige Rückstand wird in 250 ml Dioxan kurz auf Siedetemperatur erhitzt und  die Suspension wieder auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt. Die weisse kristallisierte Substanz wird abfiltriert, einmal mit Äther ausgewaschen und im Vakuum bei   50     getrocknet.



  Ausbeute: 5,16   g= 95 %    Schmelzpunkt:   177     (klar, farblos) Optische Drehung:   [a]58920=    +   32,30    (C=1,0 in HCI 6,0n)
Tabelle 2 weitere nach b) hergestellte N-Methylaminosäuren
Ausbeute Schmelz- Optische Drehung punktÚ   C = 5,0      C 1,0    Literaturê    inH2O    in HCI 6,0n    N-Methyl-L-phenyl-alanin.HCl    95% 159 C +   9,6       +25,1       +26,6        N-Methyl-L-alanin.HCl    95%   1600C    +   5,3       +10,1       +10,4    
N-Methyl-L-glycin HCl 95% 169 C - -     N-Methyl-L-isoleucin-HCl    95% 187 C  <RTI   

    ID=2.19> +30,2       +46,2       +46,1    
N-Methyl-L-leucin.HCl 95% 158 C   +20,6       +32,0       +31,8        N-Methyl-L-valin.HCl    95% 177 C   +17,5       +32,3       +33,1    
1 Unkorrigierte Werte
2 C = 1 in   HCI 6 n    (berechnet als freie Base) 



  
 



   The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of optically active N-methylamino acids of the formula I (see formula sheet), in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl radical optionally containing hydroxyl groups, characterized in that Cbo-amino acids of the formula II, in which R Is hydrogen or an optionally hydroxyl-containing alkyl, aryl or aralkyl radical, converted with paraformaldehyde into the corresponding Cbo-5-oxazolidinones of the formula III, in which R is hydrogen or an optionally hydroxyl-containing alkyl, aryl or aralkyl radical, and the latter is then the catalytic Subject to reduction.



   The preparation of optically active N-methylamino acids is of great importance in the synthesis of antibiotics with valuable pharmacological properties.



  However, the previously known methods have various disadvantages. This is the case with the method of P. Quitt et al. (Helv. 46, 327 [1963] about a reductive alkylation carried out in a four-step process, which leads to low yields of the end product. That described by J. Mc Dernott et al. (Can. J. Chem. 51, 1915 [1973]) Method of alkylating Cbo-amino acids with methyl iodide in the presence of sodium hydride at 100 "is too drastic and sometimes leads to racemic products.



   The process according to the invention gives optically pure N-methylamino acids in good yield in a preparatively simple two-stage process. In this case, in a first stage, Cbo-amino acids according to known methods, preferably by dissolving in a solvent which is inert under the reaction conditions, such as. B. toluene with paraformaldehyde in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid, reacted, refluxing for up to an hour. The resulting 5-oxazolidinones are easily crystallizable compounds that can be quantitatively separated from unreacted Cbo-amino acids by washing with aqueous alkali. The catalytic reduction of the 5-oxazolidinones is then carried out in a second stage.

  The reduction takes place preferably in methanol as a solvent with the addition of 1 to 4 equivalents of methanolic, ethereal or aqueous hydrochloric acid. The reduction is preferably carried out at temperatures between 20 and 100 "at 1 to 100 atmospheres hydrogen pressure. The usual noble metal catalysts, preferably palladium, are suitable as catalysts. The noble metal catalysts can be, for example, supported catalysts, such as palladium on carbon. To avoid side reactions, it is essential to add an excess of catalyst and to stir vigorously, and the hydrogenation should be carried out as quickly as possible.



   The optically active N-methylamino acids obtained according to the process can then be isolated in the usual way.



  During the work-up, the optically active N-methylamino acids formed can be 1 to 10% esterified by the methanolic hydrochloric acid. In such cases, an aftertreatment (boiling with aqueous 2N hydrochloric acid) is sufficient to obtain uniform N-methylamino acids.



   The invention is described in more detail in the following example. The temperatures are given in degrees Celsius.
EMI1.1

EMI1.2




   Example a) 3-Cbo-4-isopropyl-5-oxazolidinone
10.05 g of N-Cbo-L-valine (40.0 m mol) are dissolved in 400 ml of toluene, 2.0 g of paraformaldehyde and 0.6 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid are added and the white suspension is refluxed for 45 minutes. The slightly green-yellow solution is im
Totally evaporated in vacuo and the residue dissolved in 500 ml of ether. In the separating funnel it is extracted with:
4 x NaHCO3 to 250 ml
1 x NaCl total to 250 ml
The organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate and completely evaporated in vacuo. The colorless clear oil crystallizes out after trituration in petroleum ether. It is filtered off and washed once with petroleum ether. The white crystalline substance is dried in vacuo at room temperature.



   Yield: 9.55 g = 90
Melting point: 55-55.5 "
Optical rotation = [a] 58920: + 102 "(C = 1.0 in CH2Cl2)
Table 1 further 5-oxazolidinones prepared according to a)
Amino Yield Melting Point Optical Rotation Acid (C = 1.0 in CH2Cl2)
L-Phe 85% 82 "(83) +199 (+212) L-Ala 80% 88" (65) + 83 "L-Gly 55% 81" (84 ") -
L-Ile 75% 68 "+102

    L-Leu 90% 61 (63 ") + 96" (+108) L-Val 90% 55 "(54) +102 (+ 95) n uncorrected values (melting point apparatus according to Tottoli) b) N-methyl-L -valine hydrochloride
7.90 g of 3-Cbo-4-isopropyl-5-oxazolidinone (30.0 mol) are dissolved in 350 ml of methanol, and 30 ml of methanol / HCl 1.2 (1.25 eq.), 3.5 g Pd / C 10% are added and the mixture is hydrogenated at room temperature and normal pressure with very vigorous shaking. The hydrogenation has ended after 10 minutes.



  The catalyst is filtered off and the clear green-yellow solution is carefully distilled in in vacuo.



   Because traces of the substance have been esterified, the residue is dissolved in 200 ml of HCl 2n and refluxed for 3 hours. Totally evaporated in vacuo, redissolved in 50 ml of water and completely evaporated again.



  The white, crystallized, but slightly greasy residue is briefly heated to boiling temperature in 250 ml of dioxane and the suspension is cooled back to room temperature. The white crystallized substance is filtered off, washed once with ether and dried in vacuo at 50.



  Yield: 5.16 g = 95% Melting point: 177 (clear, colorless) Optical rotation: [a] 58920 = + 32.30 (C = 1.0 in HCI 6.0n)
Table 2 further N-methylamino acids prepared according to b)
Yield melting Optical rotation point Ú C = 5.0 C 1.0 Literatureê inH2O in HCI 6.0n N-methyl-L-phenyl-alanine.HCl 95% 159 C + 9.6 +25.1 +26.6 N -Methyl-L-alanine.HCl 95% 1600C + 5.3 +10.1 +10.4
N-methyl-L-glycine HCl 95% 169 C - - N-methyl-L-isoleucine HCl 95% 187 C <RTI

    ID = 2.19> +30.2 +46.2 +46.1
N-methyl-L-leucine.HCl 95% 158 C +20.6 +32.0 +31.8 N-methyl-L-valine.HCl 95% 177 C +17.5 +32.3 +33.1
1 uncorrected values
2 C = 1 in HCI 6 n (calculated as free base)

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH Verfahren zur Herstellung von optisch aktiven N-Methyl-aminosäuren der Formel I EMI2.1 worin R Wasserstoff oder einen gegebenenfalls hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Alkyl-, Aryl- oder Aralkylrest bedeutet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man Cbo-Aminosäuren der Formel II EMI2.2 worin R Wasserstoff oder einen gegebenenfalls hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Alkyl-, Aryl- oder Aralkylrest bedeutet, mit Paraformaldehyd in die entsprechenden Cbo-5-Oxazolidinone der Formel III EMI2.3 worin R Wasserstoff oder einen gegebenenfalls hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Alkyl-, Aryl- oder Aralkylrest bedeutet, überführt und letztere hierauf der katalytischen Reduktion unterwirft. PATENT CLAIM Process for the production of optically active N-methyl-amino acids of the formula I. EMI2.1 where R denotes hydrogen or an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl radical optionally containing hydroxyl groups, characterized in that Cbo-amino acids of the formula II EMI2.2 in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl radical optionally containing hydroxyl groups, with paraformaldehyde into the corresponding Cbo-5-oxazolidinones of the formula III EMI2.3 where R is hydrogen or an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl radical optionally containing hydroxyl groups, and the latter is then subjected to catalytic reduction.
CH1579674A 1974-11-28 1974-11-28 N-Methyl amino acids prepn. CH597151A5 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4535167A (en) * 1981-12-14 1985-08-13 Merck & Co. Inc. Chiral, N-protected, N-substituted α-amino acids
EP0169300A1 (en) * 1984-06-28 1986-01-29 Merck & Co. Inc. Process for preparation of alpha-alkyl amino acids
CN116332774A (en) * 2023-03-29 2023-06-27 成都瑞尔医药科技有限公司 Preparation method of high chiral purity meta-hydroxylamine bitartrate

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4535167A (en) * 1981-12-14 1985-08-13 Merck & Co. Inc. Chiral, N-protected, N-substituted α-amino acids
EP0169300A1 (en) * 1984-06-28 1986-01-29 Merck & Co. Inc. Process for preparation of alpha-alkyl amino acids
CN116332774A (en) * 2023-03-29 2023-06-27 成都瑞尔医药科技有限公司 Preparation method of high chiral purity meta-hydroxylamine bitartrate

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