CH414140A - Process for the production of moldings from glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics - Google Patents
Process for the production of moldings from glass fiber reinforced thermoplasticsInfo
- Publication number
- CH414140A CH414140A CH1037464A CH1037464A CH414140A CH 414140 A CH414140 A CH 414140A CH 1037464 A CH1037464 A CH 1037464A CH 1037464 A CH1037464 A CH 1037464A CH 414140 A CH414140 A CH 414140A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- glass fiber
- glass
- moldings
- plastic
- production
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/12—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of short length, e.g. in the form of a mat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
- B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
- B29C48/2886—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules of fibrous, filamentary or filling materials, e.g. thin fibrous reinforcements or fillers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/06—Rod-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus glasfaserverstärkten thermoplastischen Kunststoffen
Glasfaserverstärkte Formkörper aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen wurden bisher dadurch hergestellt, dass auf eine bestimmte Länge zugeschnittene Glasfasern (normalerweise wurden solche von 3, 6, oder 12 mm Länge eingesetzt) mit Kunststoff Granulat oder -Schnitzeln vermischt und das Gemisch auf einer Extrudiervorrichtung (Schneckenpresse) zu Formkörpern verarbeitet wurde. Mit diesem Verfah rrn ist jedoch der Nachteil verbunden, dass sich die voluminösen Glasfasern nicht homogen mit dem Kunststoffgranulat vermischen lassen, so dass uneinheitliche Endprodukte erhalten werden.
Eine genau dosierte Zuführung von geschnittenen Glasfasern in die Extrudiervorrichtung, die den obigen Nachteil der Glasfaser-Kunststoff-Gemisch-Zufuhr eliminieren würde, kann ohne gunverhältnismässig grossen apparativen Aufwand nicht realisiert werden.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass man eine absolut homogene und regelmässige Glasfaser-Kunststoffmischung erhalten kann, wenn man nicht Glasfaserstücke, sondern Glasfaserstränge verarbeitet. Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus glasfaserverstärkten thermoplastischen Kunststoffen durch Extrudieren eines Gemisches von Glasfasern und geschmolzenem Kunststoff aus einer Extrudiervorrichtung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man die Extrudiervorrichtung mittels Dosiervorrichtung, (z. B. Dosierrinne, Zellenrad usw.), mit Kunststoffgranulat oder Kunststoffschnitzeln beschickt und gleichzeitig durch die rotierende Schnecke der Extrudiervorrichtung einen oder mehrere Glasfaserstränge einziehen lässt.
Da ein Strang aus endlosen Glasfasern, ein sogenanntes Glasroving, ein konstantes Metergewicht aufweist und da die einen solchen Strang in die Extrudiervorrichtung einziehende Schnecke mit konstanter Drehzahl rotiert, wird ein Produkt mit einem genau einstellbaren Gehalt an Glasfasern erhalten.
Durch die Schneckenpresse werden die Glasrovings zermalmt und mit der Kunststoffschmelze innig vermengt. Wichtig für das Zermalmen der Glasstränge ist die Gestaltung des Schneckenendes. Vorzugsweise soll die Schnecke eine torpedoförmige Spitze aufweisen, die mit einem Spiel von etwa 0,4-1,5 mm vorzugsweise 0,6-1,0mm in einer Büchse läuft.
Wird der Spalt zwischen Schneckentorpedo und Büchse durch axiale Verschiebung der Schnecke kleiner als 0,4 mm eingestellt, so ergibt sich ein Aufstauen von Glassträngen in der Schneckenpresse nach rückwärts. Bei zu grossem Spalt zwischen Schneckenspitze und Büchse ist die Zermalmung ungenügend und die Homogenität des extrudierten Produktes nicht mehr gewährleistet. Das so erhaltene Kunststoff-Glasfasergemisch kann aus der Extrudiervorrichtung heraus direkt in die endgültige Form (Stäbe, Rohre, Profile usw.) gebracht, das heisst gespritzt und gekühlt werden, oder aber nur auf später verarbeitbares Kunststoff-Glasfaser-Granulat verarbeitet, das heisst zu einem Strang gesponnen, gekühlt und granuliert werden.
Mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens lassen sich alle extrudierbaren thermoplastischen Kunststoffe, wie z. B. Polyamide, Polyolefine und Polyvinylchlorid, zu glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoff Formkörpern verarbeiten.
Beispiel 1
In eine Schneckenpresse mit 52 mm Schneckendurchmesser werden bei 105 U./min zwei Glasrovings von je 2,4 g Metergewicht durch die Schnecke eingezogen, und zwar 2 X 11,7 m Glasroving pro Minute (entsprechend 56 g Glas/min). Gleichzeitig wird die Extrudiervorrichtung in üblicher Weise mit 104 g Polyamidgranulat/min beschickt. Das in der Schnekkenpresse entstehende Glasfaser-Polyamidgemisch wird zu einem Strang von 4 mm Durchmesser versponnen, der Strang gekühlt und zu Schnitzeln zerhackt. Durch Bestimmung des Aschegehaltes am so erhaltenen Granulat kann ein konstanter Glasfasergehalt von 35,0 5S nachgewiesen werden.
Beispiel2
In eine Schneckenpresse mit 52 mm Schneckendurchmesser werden bei 100 U./min drei Glasrovings von je 2,4 g Metergewicht durch die Schnecke eingezogen, und zwar 3 > < 10 m Glasroving pro Minute (entsprechend 72 g Glas/min). Gleichzeitig wird die Extrudiervorrichtung in üblicher Weise mit 168 g Polyamidgranulat/min beschickt. Das in der Schnekkenpresse entstehende Glasfaser-Polyamidgemisch wird zu einem Strang von 4 mm Durchmesser versponnen, der Strang gekühlt und zu Schnitzeln zerhackt. Durch Bestimmung des Aschegehaltes am so erhaltenen Granulat kann ein konstanter Glasfasergehalt von 29,8 % nachgewiesen werden.
Process for the production of moldings from glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics
Up to now, glass fiber-reinforced moldings made of thermoplastics have been produced by mixing glass fibers cut to a certain length (usually those of 3, 6 or 12 mm in length) with plastic granules or chips and the mixture on an extruder (screw press) to form moldings has been processed. However, this method has the disadvantage that the bulky glass fibers cannot be mixed homogeneously with the plastic granulate, so that non-uniform end products are obtained.
A precisely metered supply of cut glass fibers into the extrusion device, which would eliminate the above disadvantage of the glass fiber-plastic mixture supply, cannot be implemented without a relatively large amount of equipment.
It has now been found that an absolutely homogeneous and regular glass fiber-plastic mixture can be obtained if one does not process glass fiber pieces but glass fiber strands. The method according to the invention for the production of molded bodies from glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics by extruding a mixture of glass fibers and molten plastic from an extrusion device is characterized in that the extrusion device by means of a metering device (e.g. metering channel, cell wheel, etc.), with plastic granulate or plastic chips loaded and at the same time pulling in one or more glass fiber strands through the rotating screw of the extrusion device.
Since a strand of endless glass fibers, a so-called glass roving, has a constant weight per meter and since the screw that pulls such a strand into the extrusion device rotates at a constant speed, a product with a precisely adjustable content of glass fibers is obtained.
The glass rovings are crushed by the screw press and intimately mixed with the plastic melt. The shape of the end of the screw is important for crushing the glass strands. The screw should preferably have a torpedo-shaped tip which runs with a clearance of about 0.4-1.5 mm, preferably 0.6-1.0 mm, in a sleeve.
If the gap between the screw torpedo and the bushing is set to be less than 0.4 mm by axially shifting the screw, the result is a backward build-up of glass strands in the screw press. If the gap between the screw tip and the bushing is too large, the grinding is insufficient and the homogeneity of the extruded product is no longer guaranteed. The plastic-glass fiber mixture obtained in this way can be brought out of the extrusion device directly into the final shape (rods, pipes, profiles, etc.), i.e. injected and cooled, or only processed into plastic-glass fiber granules that can be processed later, i.e. to spun into a strand, cooled and granulated.
With the help of the inventive method, all extrudable thermoplastics such. B. polyamides, polyolefins and polyvinyl chloride to process glass fiber reinforced plastic moldings.
example 1
In a screw press with a screw diameter of 52 mm, two glass rovings, each weighing 2.4 g per meter, are drawn through the screw at 105 rpm, namely 2 × 11.7 m glass rovings per minute (corresponding to 56 g glass / min). At the same time, the extruder is charged in the usual way with 104 g of polyamide granulate / min. The glass fiber-polyamide mixture produced in the screw press is spun into a strand with a diameter of 4 mm, the strand is cooled and chopped into chips. By determining the ash content of the granulate obtained in this way, a constant glass fiber content of 35.0 5S can be detected.
Example2
In a screw press with a screw diameter of 52 mm, three glass rovings, each weighing 2.4 g per meter, are drawn through the screw at 100 rpm, namely 3 × 10 m glass rovings per minute (corresponding to 72 g glass / min). At the same time, the extruder is fed in the usual way with 168 g of polyamide granulate / min. The glass fiber-polyamide mixture produced in the screw press is spun into a strand with a diameter of 4 mm, the strand is cooled and chopped into chips. By determining the ash content on the granulate obtained in this way, a constant glass fiber content of 29.8% can be demonstrated.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1037464A CH414140A (en) | 1964-08-07 | 1964-08-07 | Process for the production of moldings from glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics |
BE667921D BE667921A (en) | 1964-08-07 | 1965-08-05 | |
ES0316194A ES316194A1 (en) | 1964-08-07 | 1965-08-05 | Procedure for the manufacture of molded bodies of thermoplastic artificial materials reinforced with glass fibers. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
NL6510276A NL6510276A (en) | 1964-08-07 | 1965-08-06 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1037464A CH414140A (en) | 1964-08-07 | 1964-08-07 | Process for the production of moldings from glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH414140A true CH414140A (en) | 1966-05-31 |
Family
ID=4362547
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH1037464A CH414140A (en) | 1964-08-07 | 1964-08-07 | Process for the production of moldings from glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE667921A (en) |
CH (1) | CH414140A (en) |
ES (1) | ES316194A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL6510276A (en) |
-
1964
- 1964-08-07 CH CH1037464A patent/CH414140A/en unknown
-
1965
- 1965-08-05 BE BE667921D patent/BE667921A/xx unknown
- 1965-08-05 ES ES0316194A patent/ES316194A1/en not_active Expired
- 1965-08-06 NL NL6510276A patent/NL6510276A/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES316194A1 (en) | 1965-12-01 |
BE667921A (en) | 1965-12-01 |
NL6510276A (en) | 1966-02-08 |
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