CH411109A - Arrangement for transferring energy from a line system with a higher DC voltage to a line system with a lower DC voltage and vice versa - Google Patents
Arrangement for transferring energy from a line system with a higher DC voltage to a line system with a lower DC voltage and vice versaInfo
- Publication number
- CH411109A CH411109A CH1477362A CH1477362A CH411109A CH 411109 A CH411109 A CH 411109A CH 1477362 A CH1477362 A CH 1477362A CH 1477362 A CH1477362 A CH 1477362A CH 411109 A CH411109 A CH 411109A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- line system
- energy
- arrangement
- vice versa
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000555745 Sciuridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/125—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M3/13—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using discharge tubes only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/125—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M3/135—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/006—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output using discharge tubes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
- H02P3/08—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing a dc motor
- H02P3/14—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing a dc motor by regenerative braking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
- H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
- H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
- H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P7/298—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature and field supplies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/047—V/F converter, wherein the voltage is controlled proportionally with the frequency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Description
Anordnung zur Energieübertragung von einem Leitungssystem grösserer Gleichspannung auf ein Leitungssystem kleinerer Gleichspannung und umgekehrt Das übliche Verfahren zur Energieübertragung zwischen einer grösseren und einer kleineren Gleich spannung besteht darin, dass der Strom durch Wider stände geregelt wird. Dabei ist nur Energieübertragung von einer grösseren Spanung Uo auf eine kleinere Span nung möglich.
Es sind Anordnungen bekannt gewor den, diese Regelung statt mit Widerständen mit Tastanordnungen zu verwirklichen derart, dass aus einer der Spannungsquellen Impulsströme entnommen werden, welche über einen Energiespeicher der anderen Spannungsquelle zugeführt werden. Als Steuerorgane in derartigen Impulsspeichern haben sich steuerbare Halbleiterzellen bewährt, welche durch Kondensator stösse negativer Polarität periodisch gelöscht werden.
Es ist auch bereits vorgeschlagen worden, diese Tast- anordnungen derart auszulegen, dass sie abwechselnd Energie von der grösseren Spannung Uo zur kleineren Spannung U und umgekehrt übertragen können.
Diese vorgeschlagenen Anordnungen lassen sich dahingehend weiterbilden, dass die Energieübertra gung gleichzeitig für beide Richtungen offen ist. Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Energieüber tragung von einem Leitungssystem grösserer Gleich spannung auf ein Leitungssystem kleinerer Gleichspan nung und umgekehrt. Erfindungsgemäss ist für jede der beiden Energierichtungen eine gesonderte Tastanord- nung mit eigenem Energiespeicher vorgesehen.
Auf diese Weise wird es möglich, ohne Eingriffe in die Steuerungen der beiden Tastschaltungen zeitlich un- mittelbar hintereinander die Richtung des Energie flusses zu ändern, bzw. einen Kreisstrom durch beide Tastanordnungen fliessen zu lassen. Derartige Ein richtungen, sind beispielsweise erforderlich beim Be trieb von Blindleistungswechselrichtern.
An Hand einer Zeichnung sei ein schematisches Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung beschrieben. In Fig. 1 ist eine Anordnung dargestellt, in der Uo eine feste Gleichspannung ist.
Sie arbeitet auf die kleinere Spannung U eines Gleichstrommotors, und zwar für die positive Energierichtung (Antrieb des Motors) über die löschbare Triode 1 und die Drossel 2, wobei die Diode 3 als Freilaufdiode fungiert, andererseits für die negative Energierichtung, d. h. für Abbremsung des Motors, über die löschbare Triode 4, die Drossel 5 und die Diode 6. Die Kondensatoren 7 und 8 dienen dabei unter Zuhilfenahme der steuerbaren Trioden 9 und 10 zum periodischen Löschen der Trioden 1 und 4.
Die Dioden 11 und 12 bewirken zusammen mit den Schwingdrosseln 13 und 14 in bekannter Wei se eineWiederaufladung derLöschkondensatoren 7 und B. Die Gitter der Trioden 1 und 9 können so gesteuert bzw. geregelt werden, dass der Gleichstrommotor mit gewünschter Umdrehungszahl läuft; ebenso können die Gitter der Trioden 4 und 10 derart :geregef wer den, dass der Motor Energie in die Spannungsquelle zurückliefert, d:h. in regelbarer Weise abgebremst wird.
Der Vorteil der Anordnung nach der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die .löschbaren Trioden 1 und 4 auch gleichzeitig arbeiten können. Es fliesst in diesem Fall ein Kreisstrom über 1, 2, 5 und 4, wobei' ein Teil des Stromes auch über die Dioden 3 und 6 fliesst.
Damit dieser Kreisstrom keinen Kurzschluss bildet, dürfen die beiden Drosseln 2 und 5 nicht oder nicht vollständig miteinander magnetisch verkettet sein. Der Vorteil der Anordnung nach der Erfindung macht sich besonders bemerkbar bei ihrer Verwendung zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Umdrehungszahl von Drehstrommotoren, wie sie in Fig. 2 angedeutet ist. Hier ist der Gleichstrommotor durch einen selbst geführten, in der Frequenz einstellbaren Wechselrich ter ersetzt.
Dieser Wechselrichter hat ausser den Haupt trioden 15 bis 20, welche durch gezeichnete, nicht näher bezifferte Kondensatoren periodisch gelöscht werden, Hilfsdioden 21 bis 26, welche den Stromwendevorgang der Kondensatoren unabhängig von der Drehstrombe- lastung machen. Ausserdem sind Blindleistungsd.ioden 27 bis 32 angeordnet, welche sowohl die Blindleistung des Drehstrommotors als auch die Energierückliefe- rung bei Abbremsung des Motors übernehmen.
Zur Ermöglichung dieser wechselnden Energierichtung ist die in Fig. 1 dargestellte und beschriebene Schaltung erforderlich. Über die Triode 1 und die Drossel 2 wird dem Drehstrommotor mit Hilfe des Wechselrichters ein Drehfeld variabler Frequenz zugeführt.
Gleichzeitig kann aber über die Drossel 6 und die Triode 4 Leistung des Drehstrommotors in die Spannungsquelle U" zu- rückgeliefert werden, ohne dass an der Steuerung der Trioden 1 und 4 Eingriffe erforderlich sind. Die Anord nung der Fig. 2 kann sowohl für Asynchronmotoren mit Kurzschlussläufer als auch mit Schl'eifringläufer verwendet werden. Im letzteren Fall kann zur weiteren E2egelung bzw.
Steuerung des Drehzahlverhaltens des Motors auch im Rotorkreis eine Tastschaltung verwen det werden, die entweder auf einen Widerstand oder auch auf die ursprüngliche Spannungsquelle U" arbeitet. Es kann jedoch auch ein Synchronmotor betrieben werden. Da mit zunehmender Frequenz zur Aufrechter haltung eines Drehfeldes konstanter Amplitude eine zunehmende Spannungsamplitude erforderlich isst,
kann man mit der Anordnung nach der Erfindung durch länger anhaltendes Öffnen der Triode 1 die Speisespan- nung des Wechselrichters gleichzeitig mit der Frequenz des Wechselrichters erhöhen. Zum Abbremsen des Drehstrommotors wird man die Frequenz des Wechsel- richters höher einstellen als es der Umdrehungszahl des Motors entspricht.
Zur Umkehrung der Drehrich- :ung des Motors genügt es, die Ziindfolge zweier Phasen des Wechselrichters zu vertauschen. Um die Drehstrommotoren klein zu halten, kann man mit der Frequenz des Wechselrichters über den üblichen Wert von 50 oder 60 Hz hinausgehen, so dass man maximale Umdrehungszahlen von 6000 oder mehr erreichen kann.
Zum sicheren Anlaufen des Wechselrichters sind in bekannter Weise Ladekreise für die Kommutierungs- kondensatoren erforderlich, welche in Fig. 2 nicht gezeichnet sind. Die Steuerung der Trioden 1, 4 und 15 bis 20 wird man in einer logischen Regelschaltung derart miteinander kombinieren, dass die gewünschten Drehzahlkennil'inien des Motors automatisch erreicht werden.
Statt der in Fig. 1 und 2 gezeichneten Gleich spannungsbatterie U, kann auch eine beliebige andere Spannungsquelle benutzt werden, welche sowohl Gleich stromenergie liefern als auch Gleichstromenergie auf nehmen kann, beispielsweise eine bekannte Antiparal lelschaltung, die von einer Drehspannung her betrie ben wird. Soll in Fig. 1 die Drehrichtung des Gleich strommotors umgekehrt werden, so müssen entweder die Ankeranschlüsse oder die Feldanschlüsse vertauscht werden, was sowohl mit mechanischen Schaltern als auch mit steuerbaren Halbleitertrioden möglich ist.
Arrangement for transferring energy from a system of lines with a higher DC voltage to a system of lines with a lower DC voltage and vice versa The usual method for transferring energy between a higher and a lower DC voltage is that the current is regulated by resistors. It is only possible to transfer energy from a larger voltage Uo to a smaller voltage.
Arrangements have become known to implement this regulation with tactile arrangements instead of resistors in such a way that pulse currents are taken from one of the voltage sources and are fed to the other voltage source via an energy store. Controllable semiconductor cells, which are periodically erased by capacitor collisions of negative polarity, have proven themselves as control elements in such pulse memories.
It has also already been proposed to design these probe arrangements in such a way that they can alternately transfer energy from the higher voltage Uo to the lower voltage U and vice versa.
These proposed arrangements can be developed so that the energy transmission is open for both directions at the same time. The invention relates to an arrangement for transmitting energy from a line system of larger DC voltage to a line system of smaller DC voltage and vice versa. According to the invention, a separate key arrangement with its own energy store is provided for each of the two energy directions.
In this way, it is possible to change the direction of the energy flow immediately one after the other without intervening in the controls of the two key circuits, or to allow a circular current to flow through both key arrangements. Such a devices are required, for example, when operating reactive power inverters.
A schematic exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described using a drawing. In Fig. 1 an arrangement is shown in which Uo is a fixed DC voltage.
It works on the lower voltage U of a DC motor for the positive energy direction (drive the motor) via the erasable triode 1 and the choke 2, with the diode 3 acting as a freewheeling diode, on the other hand for the negative energy direction, i.e. H. for decelerating the motor, via the erasable triode 4, the choke 5 and the diode 6. The capacitors 7 and 8 are used with the aid of the controllable triodes 9 and 10 to periodically erase the triodes 1 and 4.
The diodes 11 and 12, together with the oscillating chokes 13 and 14, cause the quenching capacitors 7 and B to be recharged in a known manner. The grids of the triodes 1 and 9 can be controlled or regulated in such a way that the DC motor runs at the desired number of revolutions; Likewise, the grids of the triodes 4 and 10 can be regulated in such a way that the motor returns energy to the voltage source, i.e. is braked in a controllable manner.
The advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is that the erasable triodes 1 and 4 can also work simultaneously. In this case, a circular current flows through 1, 2, 5 and 4, with part of the current also flowing through diodes 3 and 6.
So that this circulating current does not form a short circuit, the two chokes 2 and 5 must not be magnetically linked to one another or not completely. The advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is particularly noticeable when it is used to control or regulate the number of revolutions of three-phase motors, as is indicated in FIG. Here the DC motor has been replaced by a self-guided inverter with adjustable frequency.
This inverter has, in addition to the main triodes 15 to 20, which are periodically erased by indicated capacitors, not numbered in detail, auxiliary diodes 21 to 26, which make the current reversal process of the capacitors independent of the three-phase load. In addition, reactive power diodes 27 to 32 are arranged, which take over both the reactive power of the three-phase motor and the energy return when the motor is braked.
The circuit shown and described in FIG. 1 is required to enable this alternating energy direction. A rotating field of variable frequency is fed to the three-phase motor via the triode 1 and the choke 2 with the help of the inverter.
At the same time, however, the power of the three-phase motor can be returned to the voltage source U "via the choke 6 and the triode 4, without the need to intervene in the control of the triodes 1 and 4. The arrangement of FIG. 2 can be used for asynchronous motors Squirrel cage rotors as well as with slip ring rotors can be used.
To control the speed behavior of the motor, a pushbutton circuit can also be used in the rotor circuit, which works either on a resistor or on the original voltage source U ". However, a synchronous motor can also be operated. As the frequency increases, a increasing stress amplitude is required,
With the arrangement according to the invention, by prolonged opening of the triode 1, the supply voltage of the inverter can be increased simultaneously with the frequency of the inverter. To brake the three-phase motor, the frequency of the inverter is set higher than the number of revolutions of the motor.
To reverse the direction of rotation of the motor, it is sufficient to swap the ignition sequence of two phases of the inverter. In order to keep the three-phase motors small, the frequency of the inverter can exceed the usual value of 50 or 60 Hz, so that maximum speeds of 6000 or more can be achieved.
In order to start the inverter reliably, charging circuits for the commutation capacitors are required in a known manner, which are not shown in FIG. The control of the triodes 1, 4 and 15 to 20 will be combined with one another in a logic control circuit in such a way that the desired speed characteristics of the motor are automatically achieved.
Instead of the DC voltage battery U shown in Fig. 1 and 2, any other voltage source can be used, which can provide both direct current energy and direct current energy can take, for example, a well-known Antiparal lelkreis, which is operated by a three-phase voltage ago. If the direction of rotation of the DC motor is to be reversed in FIG. 1, either the armature connections or the field connections must be interchanged, which is possible both with mechanical switches and with controllable semiconductor trodes.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEL0040937 | 1962-01-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH411109A true CH411109A (en) | 1966-04-15 |
Family
ID=7269255
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH1477362A CH411109A (en) | 1962-01-12 | 1962-12-17 | Arrangement for transferring energy from a line system with a higher DC voltage to a line system with a lower DC voltage and vice versa |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH411109A (en) |
NL (1) | NL287565A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110495066A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-11-22 | 欧陆动力系统美国有限责任公司 | π source inventer-converter for hybrid electric vehicle |
-
0
- NL NL287565D patent/NL287565A/xx unknown
-
1962
- 1962-12-17 CH CH1477362A patent/CH411109A/en unknown
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110495066A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-11-22 | 欧陆动力系统美国有限责任公司 | π source inventer-converter for hybrid electric vehicle |
CN110495066B (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2023-01-13 | 纬湃科技美国有限责任公司 | Pi-source inverter-converter for hybrid electric vehicle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL287565A (en) | 1900-01-01 |
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