CH340771A - Watch component and process for its manufacture - Google Patents

Watch component and process for its manufacture

Info

Publication number
CH340771A
CH340771A CH340771DA CH340771A CH 340771 A CH340771 A CH 340771A CH 340771D A CH340771D A CH 340771DA CH 340771 A CH340771 A CH 340771A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
coating
suspension
watch
bath
clock component
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
German (de)
Original Assignee
Straumann Inst Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Straumann Inst Ag filed Critical Straumann Inst Ag
Publication of CH340771A publication Critical patent/CH340771A/en

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Classifications

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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M7/00Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/201Composition of the plastic
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/14Mainsprings; Bridles therefor
    • G04B1/145Composition and manufacture of the springs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00Gearwork
    • G04B13/02Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00Escapements
    • G04B15/14Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/08Lubrication
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    • C10M2201/04Elements
    • C10M2201/041Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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    • C10M2201/041Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/042Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
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    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/08Solids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10Semi-solids; greasy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

  

  Uhrbestandteil und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung    Bekanntlich werden bis heute gewisse Uhrbe  standteile zur Reduktion der Reibung vor ihrem  Einbau in das Gehäuse mit Fett oder Öl     geschmiert.     So werden besonders die Aufzugfedern für     Uhren     vor ihrem Einbau in das Federhaus gefettet oder  geölt, um die Reibung der Windungen gegeneinander  beim Aufziehen und     Abwickeln    herabzusetzen. Diese  Art des     Schmierens    ist mit gewissen     Nachteilen    ver  bunden, insofern als das Fett oder öl im Laufe der  Zeit altert, das heisst verharzt, oxydiert, eintrocknet  und verseift, wodurch die Reibung der Feder im  Federhaus zunimmt und das abgegebene Kraft  moment kleiner wird.

   Es hat dies zur Folge, dass  die Feder nach einer gewissen Betriebszeit der Uhr  gereinigt und neu geschmiert werden muss. Ferner  lässt sich nicht immer vermeiden, dass das Schmier  mittel zum Teil aus dem Federhaus austritt und sich  mit Staub und Schmutz vermischt. Ausserdem be  ansprucht die Schmiermittelschicht einen gewissen  Raum im Federhaus, die dem. Feder-Volumen und  daher auch der Energiespeicherung verlorengeht.  Es ist weiterhin bekannt, dass sich eine nach der  bisherigen Methode geschmierte Feder gegen Ende  der Abwicklung infolge     Klebens    der Schmierschicht  ruckweise entspannt, was sich auf den Gang der  Uhr ungünstig auswirkt.

   Als weiterer Nachteil ist  der     Einfluss    von hohen und tiefen Temperaturen  zu erwähnen, welche die Viskosität des Schmier  mittels in unerwünschter Weise     beeinflussen.    Das  Schmieren jeder einzelnen Aufzugfeder muss ferner  von Hand ausgeführt werden, was     verhältnismässig     kostspielig ist. Trotz dieser Nachteile ist jedoch an  dieser Art des     Schmierens    festgehalten worden, da  die Verwendung von nicht mit Fett oder öl ge  schmierten Uhrfedern infolge der zu hohen Reibung  und der Ungleichmässigkeit unmöglich erschien.    Um diese Nachteile zu vermeiden, ist bereits in  der Patentschrift Nr. 337382 vorgeschlagen worden,  Uhrbestandteile, z. B. Aufzugfedern von     Uhren,     wie auch andere Teile, wie z. B.

   Hemmungs  teile, Anker, Ankerräder, Zahnräder, Triebe, Achsen,  Wellen, Lager und dergleichen, mit einem Kunst  stoffbelag zu versehen, um die Nachteile der her  kömmlichen Schmiermethoden zu vermeiden. Solche  Kunststoffbeläge bestehen gemäss dem vorgenann  ten Patent aus thermoplastischen und auch     wärme-          härtbaren    und wärmegehärteten Harzen, wie z. B.       Polysiloxan-Harzen    (Silikonen), modifizierten     Pheno-          plasten,    z. B. modifizierten     Phenolaldehydharzen,     Polyäthylen - Kunststoffen,     Polyvinylchlorid    - Kunst  stoffen,     Aminoplasten,    wie z.

   B.     Melamin-Harzen,          Furanharzen,    Polyestern, Polyamiden,     Polyurethanen,          Äthoxylinharzen,    Polystyrol,     Polyvinylcarbazol,          Polyvinylidenchlorid,        Polychlorfluorcarbonen,        Poly-          vinylacetat,        Polyvinylalkohol,        Polyvinylformal,        Poly-          vinylacetal,        Polyvinylbutyral,        Polyacrylnitril,        Poly-          acrylester,

      .     Polymethacrylester,        Aldehydharzen,          Ketonharzen,        Butadienpolymerisaten,        Isoprenpoly-          merisaten,        Chloropren-Polymerisaten,    organischen       Polysulfiden,        Celluloseestern,        Celluloseäthern    und  ähnlichen Produkten, wie     Polyfluorcarbonen    (Be  zeichnungen nach     Saechtling-Zobrowski:        Kunststoff-          Taschenbuch,    11.

   Ausgabe 1955, München, Seite 93),  insbesondere     Polytetrafluoräthylen,    z. B. dem Mar  kenprodukt      Teflon ,    oder einem     benzylierten     Phenolharz, usw.  



  Es hat sich nun gezeigt,     dass    .man den aus den  obigen Kunststoffen bestehenden     überzug    durch  einen     überzug    ersetzen kann, welcher mindestens  ein sog.     Hochdruckschmiermittel    enthält, wobei man  in praktischer Hinsicht überraschend gute Resultate  erzielt. Unter      Hochdruckschmiermittel     sollen in  der vorliegenden Beschreibung als Trockenschmier-      mittel wirkende, wasserunlösliche bzw. in Wasser  schwer lösliche, anorganische Salze, wie z. B.     Blei-          jodid,        Quecksilberjodid,        Silberjodid,    Silbersulfat und  dergleichen, verstanden sein.  



  Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen  Uhrbestandteil, bei dem es sich um eine Feder, ins  besondere eine Aufzugfeder, aber auch um einen  Teil einer Hemmung (Anker, Ankerräder), um ein  Zahnrad, einen Trieb, eine Achse, eine Welle, ein  Lager oder einen andern Teil handeln kann. Der  erfindungsgemässe     Uhrbestandteil    ist dadurch ge  kennzeichnet, dass seine     Oberfläche    mindestens an  den einer Gleit- oder Reibwirkung ausgesetzten  Stellen einen festhaftenden, nicht klebrigen Belag,  welcher mindestens ein als Trockenschmiermittel  wirkendes Hochdruckschmiermittel enthält und eine  Dicke von weniger als 1     ,u,    vorzugsweise von weniger  als 0,0005 mm Dicke besitzt, aufweist.  



  Ferner bezieht sich die vorliegende Erfindung  auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen  selbstschmierenden Uhrbestandteils, welches dadurch  gekennzeichnet ist, dass man mindestens die einer  Gleit- oder Reibwirkung ausgesetzten Stellen des  Uhrbestandteils mit einem haftfesten, nicht klebrigen  Belag, welcher mindestens ein als     Trockenschmier-          schicht    wirkendes Hochdruckschmiermittel enthält  und eine Dicke von weniger als 1     Mikron,    vorzugs  weise von weniger als 0,0005 mm Dicke besitzt, ver  sieht.  



  Uhrbestandteile mit einem solchen dünnen, mit  der Oberfläche festhaftend verbundenen Belag, der  mindestens an den der Reibung ausgesetzten Stel  len aufgebracht ist, bedürfen keiner Schmierung mit  Öl oder Fett, können also ohne Verwendung von  Fett oder Öl in das Uhrgehäuse eingebaut werden  und zeigen weder die Nachteile ungeschmierter Teile  aus gleichem Material noch die Nachteile der ge  schmierten Teile nach Alterung des Schmiermittels.  



  Der     Überzug    auf     Uhrbestandteilen    kann in sei  ner Gesamtheit aus einem einzigen Hochdruck  schmiermittel oder einer Mischung mehrerer Hoch  druckschmiermittel bestehen. Er kann aber auch nur  teilweise aus einem Hochdruckschmiermittel bestehen  und im übrigen einen der vorgenannten Kunststoffe  enthalten. Vor allem haben sich zu diesem Zwecke       Polyvinylharze    in Form von organischen Lösungen  oder in Form von     wässrigen    Suspensionen, gegebe  nenfalls unter Zusatz eines Weichmachers, als geeig  net erwiesen.  



  Als Weichmacher kommen vor allem     Trikresyl-          phosphat,        Dibutylphthalat,        Dioctylphthalat    und der  gleichen in Betracht.  



  Als     wässrige    Suspensionen von     Polyvinylverbin-          dungen    kommen Suspensionen von Polystyrol,     Poly-          acrylnitril,        Polybutadien,    Mono- und     Dichlorbuta-          dien    und deren Gemischen und     Mischpolymerisate     in Frage.

   Gemische von     wässrigen    Suspensionen von       Polyvinylstyrol    und     Polybutadien    sind in gewissen  Fällen besonders empfehlenswert, da     Polyvinylstyrol     verhältnismässig stabil ist und     Polybutadien    eine    elastische Komponente ergibt. Eine solche Kombi  nation ist im allgemeinen einem Weichmacher  zusatz vorzuziehen, da Weichmacher leicht     migrieren,     wodurch der weichmachende Effekt verloren geht.  



  Als Kunststoff eignet sich ferner insbesondere       Polytetrafluoräthylen,    welches sich durch besondere  Stabilität auszeichnet.  



  Man kann den zur Herstellung der Überzüge  verwendeten     Hochdruckschmiermitteln    Substanzen,  die deren Schmier- bzw. Gleiteigenschaften verbes  sern, insbesondere Graphit und     Molybdändisulfid,     beimischen. Der Anteil an solchen gleitend wirken  den Stoffen in den Hochdruckschmiermitteln     kanr     z. B. 50     1/a    betragen.  



  Ferner ist es zur Steigerung des Haftvermögens  des das oder die Hochdruckschmiermittel enthal  tenden Belages wünschenswert, wenn derselbe geringe  Mengen an     Celluloseäther    (wie     Methylcellulose)    ent  hält.  



  Die Art der Applikation der     Überzugsschicht    auf  die Uhrbestandteile ist durch die besonderen Eigen  schaften der im einzelnen verwendeten Stoffe be  dingt.  



  Das     Aufbringen    auf die     Oberfläche    von der  Reibung ausgesetzten Teilen kann z. B. folgender  massen geschehen: Da die Hochdruckschmiermittel,  einschliesslich der eventuell zugesetzten Kunststoffe  der vorgenannten Art wasserunlöslich sind, stellt  man zuerst eine möglichst feine     wässrige    Suspension  her, und zwar derart, dass die Stoffe gleichmässig  und fein im Wasser verteilt werden. Die in Pulver  form vorliegende Substanz wird zu diesem Zweck  mit einem Rührwerk in Wasser, dem man vorzugs  weise geringe Mengen     Methylcellulose    zusetzt, ver  teilt, wobei sich die gleichzeitige Anwendung von  Ultraschall als vorteilhaft erwiesen hat. Auch eine  Suspension durch Beschallung mit Ultraschall hat  sich als brauchbar erwiesen.

   Durch den Zusatz eines       Benetzungsmittels,    z. B.     Natriumtetradecylsulfat,    ist  es möglich, sehr feine Suspensionen zu erhalten. Das  Vermischen des Hochdruckschmiermittels mit Wasser  sowie     gewünschtenfalls    mit     Methylcellulose    kann  auch derart geschehen, dass man mechanisch vor  suspendiert und mit Ultraschall nachsuspendiert.  Man erhält auf diese Weise weitgehend stabile Sus  pensionen, welche dann gegebenenfalls in jedem ge  wünschten Verhältnis mit einer Kunststoffsuspension,  z. B. mit einer Suspension eines     Polyfluorcarbons    in  Wasser, vermischt werden können.  



  Der gewichtsmässige Anteil der obengenannten  Stoffe in Wasser wird dabei vorzugsweise mehr als  0,1 % betragen.  



  Es besteht ferner die Möglichkeit, ausser     wäss-          rigen    Suspensionen auch solche in organischen Flüs  sigkeiten, z. B. Alkohol, Äther,     Methylenchlorid     usw. herzustellen. Die Applikation derartiger Suspen  sionen auf die in Frage stehenden Uhrbestandteile  kann in gleicher Weise geschehen, wie sie in der  Patentschrift Nr. 337382 beschrieben ist.      Nachdem die Uhrbestandteile in einer derartigen  Suspension eingetaucht waren, wird die über  schüssige Suspension entfernt und der erhaltene Be  lag,     zweckmässigerweise    in leicht erwärmter Luft, ge  trocknet und dann gesintert,     zweckmässigerweise     unter erhöhtem Druck.

   Die     Hochdruckschmier-          mittelkonzentration    der bei diesem Tauchverfahren  verwendeten Suspensionen kann z. B. zwischen 0,02  und 2     Gew.o/o    liegen. Man kann der Suspension       Molybdändisulfid,    z. B. in einer Menge von 0,1  bis 2     Gew.o/o,    zusetzen, um das Schmiervermögen  des Belages zu erhöhen.  



  Die gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung auf Uhr  bestandteilen erzeugten     überzüge    bzw. Beläge kön  nen die Form von die Gesamtoberfläche der Bestand  teile überziehenden,     zusammenhängenden    Filmen auf  weisen. Man kann sich aber- auch darauf beschrän  ken, nur die Arbeitsflächen, das heisst die Reib  flächen, der Bestandteile mit Hochdruckschmiermittel  enthaltenden Belägen zu versehen.  



  Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nun anhand eines  Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert.  



       Gereinigte        Aufzufedern    für Uhren werden in ein  Bad aus einer etwa     0,5gewichtsprozentigen        wässrigen     Suspension von     Bleijodid,    die     gewünschtenfalls     0,1     Gew.o/o        Molybdändisulfid    enthält, eingetaucht.  Die die Federn enthaltende     Badflüssigkeit    wird mit  Ultraschall beschallt. Man lässt die Aufzugfedern  während 30 Minuten im Bad liegen. Nach Heraus  nahme aus dem Bad und     Entfernung    überschüssiger  Suspension werden die Federn unter leichtem Erwär  men getrocknet.

   Der eine Dicke von weniger als  0,0005 mm aufweisende Hochdruckschmiermittel  film haftet ausserordentlich fest an der Metallober  fläche der Aufzugfedern.  



  Ähnliche gute Ergebnisse werden erzielt durch  Tauchen der Feder in einer etwa 0,5     o/a        igen        wässrigen     Suspension von     Bleijodid    und     Polytetrafluoräthylen     und anschliessendes Trocknen in Luft, vorzugsweise  unter leichter Erwärmung.  



  Infolge der geringen Dicke des Belages bean  sprucht eine derart behandelte Feder im Federhaus  weniger Raum als eine nach der üblichen Methode  geschmierte Feder. Die mit dem erfindungsgemässen  Belag versehene Aufzugfeder entspannt sich gleich  mässig und stossfrei, da die Windungen auch nach  längerem Gebrauch der Feder nicht     aneinanderkle-          ben.    Ferner sind die Reibungsverhältnisse günstiger  und das abgegebene Kraftmoment ist höher. Die  Feder kann somit dünner und länger gemacht wer  den, wodurch man einen weniger steilen Abfall des  Drehmomentes bei der Abwicklung und eine grössere  Gangreserve der Uhr erhält. Die Feder ist ferner   dies im Gegensatz zu den bisher bekannten Federn   für ihre gesamte Lebensdauer geschmiert, also war  tungsfrei.

   Das Schmieren der Feder mit Fett oder  Öl beim Einbau erübrigt sich, wodurch die Montage  der Uhr verbilligt wird.  



  Vergleichsmessungen haben ergeben, dass die mit  dem erfindungsgemässen Belag versehene Aufzug-    Feder gegenüber den nach der bisher üblichen Me  thode geschmierten Federn infolge der geringeren  Reibung zwischen den einzelnen Windungen     ein    um  5 bis 10     %    höheres Kraftmoment abgibt. Die Aufzug  feder kann deshalb um etwa 3     0/a,    dünner gemacht  werden als die bisherigen Federn. Durch die Ein  sparung an Raum im Federhaus ist es möglich, die  Feder entsprechend länger zu machen. Im Dauer  versuch     zeigte    die erfindungsgemässe Feder nach  16000 Aufzügen noch ein gleich gutes Kraftdiagramm  wie im Neuzustand.  



  Nach der vorliegenden Erfindung können auch  andere Uhrbestandteile, die im Arbeitszustand einer  Reibungsbeanspruchung unterworfen sind, z. B.  Hemmungsteile, Anker, Ankerräder, Zahnräder,  Triebe, Achsen, Wellen, Lager und dergleichen,  selbstschmierend gemacht werden.



  Watch component and process for its production It is known that certain Uhrbe components are lubricated with grease or oil to reduce friction before they are installed in the case. The mainsprings for watches in particular are greased or oiled before they are installed in the barrel, in order to reduce the friction between the windings when winding and unwinding. This type of lubrication has certain disadvantages, insofar as the grease or oil ages over time, i.e. gums, oxidizes, dries up and saponifies, whereby the friction of the spring in the barrel increases and the output torque becomes smaller.

   As a result, the spring has to be cleaned and relubricated after the clock has been in operation for a certain period of time. Furthermore, it cannot always be avoided that part of the lubricant escapes from the barrel and mixes with dust and dirt. In addition, the lubricant layer takes up a certain amount of space in the barrel, which allows the. Spring volume and therefore energy storage is lost. It is also known that a spring lubricated according to the previous method relaxes in jerks towards the end of the unwinding as a result of the smear layer sticking, which has an adverse effect on the running of the watch.

   Another disadvantage to be mentioned is the influence of high and low temperatures, which have an undesirable effect on the viscosity of the lubricant. The lubrication of each individual mainspring must also be carried out by hand, which is relatively expensive. Despite these disadvantages, however, this type of lubrication has been retained, since the use of watch springs not lubricated with grease or oil seemed impossible due to the excessive friction and the unevenness. In order to avoid these disadvantages, it has already been proposed in patent specification no. 337382, watch components, e.g. B. mainspring of watches, as well as other parts, such. B.

   Escapement parts, anchors, armature wheels, gears, drives, axles, shafts, bearings and the like, to be provided with a plastic covering in order to avoid the disadvantages of conventional lubrication methods. Such plastic coverings consist of thermoplastic and also thermosetting and thermosetting resins, such as. B. polysiloxane resins (silicones), modified phenoplasts, z. B. modified phenol aldehyde resins, polyethylene - plastics, polyvinyl chloride - plastics, aminoplasts, such as.

   B. melamine resins, furan resins, polyesters, polyamides, polyurethanes, ethoxylin resins, polystyrene, polyvinyl carbazole, polyvinylidene chloride, polychlorofluorocarbons, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylic ester,

      . Polymethacrylic esters, aldehyde resins, ketone resins, butadiene polymers, isoprene polymers, chloroprene polymers, organic polysulphides, cellulose esters, cellulose ethers and similar products, such as polyfluorocarbons (names according to Saechtling-Zobrowski: Kunststoff-Taschenbuch, 11.

   1955 edition, Munich, page 93), in particular polytetrafluoroethylene, e.g. B. the branded product Teflon, or a benzylated phenolic resin, etc.



  It has now been shown that the coating consisting of the above plastics can be replaced by a coating which contains at least one so-called high-pressure lubricant, with surprisingly good results being achieved in practical terms. In the present description, high-pressure lubricants are used as dry lubricants, water-insoluble or sparingly water-soluble, inorganic salts, such as. B. lead iodide, mercury iodide, silver iodide, silver sulfate and the like can be understood.



  The present invention relates to a watch component which is a spring, in particular a mainspring, but also part of an escapement (armature, armature wheels), a gear wheel, a drive, an axis, a shaft, a bearing or another part can act. The watch component according to the invention is characterized in that its surface, at least at the points exposed to a sliding or rubbing effect, has a firmly adhering, non-sticky coating which contains at least one high-pressure lubricant acting as a dry lubricant and a thickness of less than 1, preferably less than 0.0005 mm thick.



  Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing such a self-lubricating watch component, which is characterized in that at least those areas of the watch component exposed to a sliding or rubbing effect are covered with a firm, non-sticky coating, which has at least one acting as a dry lubricating layer Contains high pressure lubricant and has a thickness of less than 1 micron, preferably less than 0.0005 mm thick, ver provides.



  Watch components with such a thin, firmly adhering to the surface, which is applied at least to the areas exposed to friction, do not require lubrication with oil or grease, so they can be installed in the watch case without the use of grease or oil and show neither the Disadvantages of unlubricated parts made of the same material nor the disadvantages of lubricated parts after the lubricant has aged.



  The coating on watch components can consist in its entirety of a single high pressure lubricant or a mixture of several high pressure lubricants. However, it can also only partially consist of a high-pressure lubricant and otherwise contain one of the aforementioned plastics. Above all, polyvinyl resins in the form of organic solutions or in the form of aqueous suspensions, if necessary with the addition of a plasticizer, have proven to be suitable for this purpose.



  Particularly suitable plasticizers are tricresyl phosphate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate and the like.



  The aqueous suspensions of polyvinyl compounds are suspensions of polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polybutadiene, mono- and dichlorobutadiene and their mixtures and copolymers.

   Mixtures of aqueous suspensions of polyvinyl styrene and polybutadiene are particularly recommended in certain cases, since polyvinyl styrene is relatively stable and polybutadiene results in an elastic component. Such a combination is generally preferable to the addition of a plasticizer, since plasticizers migrate easily, which means that the plasticizing effect is lost.



  Polytetrafluoroethylene, which is characterized by particular stability, is also particularly suitable as a plastic.



  Substances that improve their lubricating or sliding properties, in particular graphite and molybdenum disulfide, can be added to the high-pressure lubricants used to produce the coatings. The proportion of such sliding act the substances in the high-pressure lubricants kanr z. B. 50 1 / a.



  Furthermore, in order to increase the adhesion of the coating containing the high-pressure lubricant or lubricants, it is desirable if the coating contains small amounts of cellulose ether (such as methyl cellulose).



  The type of application of the coating layer on the watch components is due to the special properties of the individual substances used.



  The application to the surface of the friction exposed parts can e.g. For example, the following happens: Since the high-pressure lubricants, including any added plastics of the aforementioned type, are insoluble in water, an aqueous suspension as fine as possible is first prepared in such a way that the substances are evenly and finely distributed in the water. The substance present in powder form is for this purpose with a stirrer in water, which is preferably added small amounts of methyl cellulose, ver divides, the simultaneous use of ultrasound has proven to be advantageous. A suspension by sonication with ultrasound has also proven to be useful.

   By adding a wetting agent, e.g. B. sodium tetradecyl sulfate, it is possible to obtain very fine suspensions. The mixing of the high-pressure lubricant with water and, if desired, with methyl cellulose can also be done in such a way that it is mechanically suspended and then resuspended with ultrasound. In this way, largely stable Sus pensions are obtained, which then optionally in any desired ratio with a plastic suspension, eg. B. can be mixed with a suspension of a polyfluorocarbon in water.



  The proportion by weight of the abovementioned substances in water will preferably be more than 0.1%.



  In addition to aqueous suspensions, there is also the possibility of using liquids in organic liqs, e.g. B. alcohol, ether, methylene chloride, etc. to produce. The application of such suspensions to the watch components in question can be done in the same way as is described in Patent No. 337382. After the watch components were immersed in such a suspension, the excess suspension is removed and the resulting Be lay, conveniently in slightly warmed air, ge dried and then sintered, conveniently under increased pressure.

   The high pressure lubricant concentration of the suspensions used in this immersion process can be e.g. B. between 0.02 and 2 o / o by weight. You can the suspension molybdenum disulfide, z. B. in an amount of 0.1 to 2 wt / o / o, add to increase the lubricity of the covering.



  The coatings or coverings produced on watch components according to the present invention can have the form of coherent films covering the entire surface of the components. But you can also restrict yourself to providing only the work surfaces, that is, the friction surfaces, of the components with linings containing high pressure lubricants.



  The present invention will now be explained using an exemplary embodiment.



       Cleaned springs for watches are immersed in a bath of an approximately 0.5 percent by weight aqueous suspension of lead iodide, which if desired contains 0.1 percent by weight molybdenum disulfide. The bath liquid containing the feathers is sonicated with ultrasound. The mainspring are left in the bath for 30 minutes. After taking them out of the bath and removing excess suspension, the feathers are dried with gentle warming.

   The high-pressure lubricant film, which is less than 0.0005 mm thick, adheres extremely firmly to the metal surface of the mainspring.



  Similar good results are achieved by immersing the spring in an approximately 0.5 o / a aqueous suspension of lead iodide and polytetrafluoroethylene and then drying it in air, preferably with slight heating.



  As a result of the small thickness of the lining bean, a spring treated in this way takes up less space in the barrel than a spring lubricated by the usual method. The mainspring provided with the coating according to the invention relaxes evenly and without jolts, since the windings do not stick to one another even after prolonged use of the spring. Furthermore, the friction conditions are more favorable and the output torque is higher. The spring can thus be made thinner and longer, which results in a less steep drop in torque during processing and a greater power reserve for the watch. In contrast to the previously known springs, the spring is also lubricated for its entire service life, so it was maintenance-free.

   There is no need to lubricate the spring with grease or oil during installation, which makes it cheaper to assemble the clock.



  Comparative measurements have shown that the elevator spring provided with the coating according to the invention emits a force torque that is 5 to 10% higher than the springs lubricated according to the previously customary method, due to the lower friction between the individual windings. The elevator spring can therefore be made thinner than the previous springs by about 3 0 / a. By saving space in the barrel, it is possible to make the spring correspondingly longer. In the endurance test, the spring according to the invention showed a force diagram as good as when new after 16,000 windings.



  According to the present invention, other watch components which are subjected to frictional stress in the working state, e.g. B. escapement parts, armatures, armature wheels, gears, drives, axles, shafts, bearings and the like can be made self-lubricating.

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH I Uhrbestandteil, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass seine Oberfläche mindestens an den einer Gleit- oder Reibwirkung ausgesetzten Stellen einen festhaftenden, nicht klebrigen Belag, welcher mindestens ein als Trockenschmiermittel wirkendes Hochdruckschmier mittel enthält und eine Dicke von weniger als 1 ,u besitzt, aufweist. UNTERANSPRÜCHE 1. Uhrbestandteil nach Patentanspruch I, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Belag eine Dicke von weni ger als 0,5 ,u aufweist. 2. Uhrbestandteil nach Patentanspruch I, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Belag einen Kunststoff ent hält. 3. Uhrbestandteil nach Patentanspruch I, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Belag einen das Haftver mögen fördernden Stoff, z. PATENT CLAIM I watch component, characterized in that its surface, at least at the points exposed to a sliding or rubbing effect, has a firmly adhering, non-sticky coating which contains at least one high-pressure lubricant acting as a dry lubricant and has a thickness of less than 1 u. SUBClaims 1. Clock component according to claim I, characterized in that the coating has a thickness of less than 0.5 u. 2. Clock component according to claim I, characterized in that the covering holds a plastic ent. 3. clock component according to claim I, characterized in that the covering has a like the Haftver promoting substance, z. B. ein Cellulosederivat, wie Methylcellulose, enthält. 4. Uhrbestandteil nach Patentanspruch I, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Belag ein Polyamid, ein Polysiloxanharz, ein Phenolharz oder ein Polyfluor carbon enthält. B. contains a cellulose derivative such as methyl cellulose. 4. clock component according to claim I, characterized in that the covering contains a polyamide, a polysiloxane resin, a phenolic resin or a polyfluorocarbon. PATENTANSPRUCH II Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Uhrbestandteils nach Patentanspruch I, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man mindestens die einer Gleit- oder Reibwirkung ausgesetzten Stellen des Uhrbestandteils mit einem haftfesten, nicht klebrigen Belag, welcher mindestens ein als Trockenschmierschicht wirkendes Hochdruck schmiermittel enthält und eine Dicke von weniger als 1 ,u besitzt, versieht. UNTERANSPRÜCHE 5. PATENT CLAIM II Process for the production of a watch component according to claim I, characterized in that at least the areas of the watch component exposed to a sliding or rubbing effect are covered with a non-sticky, non-sticky coating which contains at least one high-pressure lubricant acting as a dry lubricating layer and a thickness of less than 1, u own, provide. SUBCLAIMS 5. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch II, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man den Uhrbestandteil zum Aufbringen des Belages in ein Bad eintaucht, das eine Suspension mindestens des den Belag zu bilden bestimmten Stoffes enthält, den Uhrbestandteil nach der Herausnahme aus dem Bad von überschüssiger Lösung bzw. Suspension befreit und an der Luft trocknet und den Belag sintert. 6. Verfahren nach Unteranspruch 5, dadurch ge kennzeichnet, dass man eine Suspension verwendet, die ein Polyfluorcarbon enthält. 7. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch II, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das Bad während des Ein- tauchens des Uhrbestandteils mit Ultraschall be schallt. B. Method according to claim II, characterized in that the clock component for applying the coating is immersed in a bath which contains a suspension of at least the substance intended to form the coating, the clock component is freed from excess solution or suspension after removal from the bath and dries in the air and sinters the surface. 6. The method according to dependent claim 5, characterized in that a suspension is used which contains a polyfluorocarbon. 7. The method according to claim II, characterized in that the bath is irradiated with ultrasound while the watch component is immersed. B. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch II, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man die Konzentration der das Hochdruckschmiermittel enthaltenden Suspension zu 0,1 bis 2 Gew. /a wählt. 9. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1I, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man dem Bad einen das Haft vermögen fördernden Stoff zusetzt. Process according to claim II, characterized in that the concentration of the suspension containing the high-pressure lubricant is chosen to be 0.1 to 2 wt. / A. 9. The method according to claim 1I, characterized in that the bath is added a substance promoting adhesion.
CH340771D 1957-08-17 1957-08-17 Watch component and process for its manufacture CH340771A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3167308A (en) * 1961-07-21 1965-01-26 Sandvikens Jernverks Ab Springs and strip steel
DE1299558B (en) * 1964-03-11 1969-07-17 Far Fab Assortiments Reunies Lubrication methods for movements, especially for their escapement

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3167308A (en) * 1961-07-21 1965-01-26 Sandvikens Jernverks Ab Springs and strip steel
DE1299558B (en) * 1964-03-11 1969-07-17 Far Fab Assortiments Reunies Lubrication methods for movements, especially for their escapement

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