CH326683A - Vacuum pump - Google Patents

Vacuum pump

Info

Publication number
CH326683A
CH326683A CH326683DA CH326683A CH 326683 A CH326683 A CH 326683A CH 326683D A CH326683D A CH 326683DA CH 326683 A CH326683 A CH 326683A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
pump
volume
shaft
liquid
channel
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Bardelli Robert
Original Assignee
Beaudouin S A R L Ets
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beaudouin S A R L Ets filed Critical Beaudouin S A R L Ets
Publication of CH326683A publication Critical patent/CH326683A/en

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C27/00Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C27/02Liquid sealing for high-vacuum pumps or for compressors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/3446Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along more than one line or surface

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Description

  

  Pompe à     vide       La présente invention se rapporte à une  pompe à vide.  



  Dans les pompes     mécaniques    à vide, l'éva  cuation n'est possible, par le clapet de sortie,  que si, à la fin de la compression, la pression  dans la pompe devient supérieure à la pression  atmosphérique.  



  A cet     effet,    le volume nuisible     demeurant     à la fin de la compression doit être extrême  ment faible : par exemple, si l'on part d'un  vide de l'ordre de 0,01 mm de mercure,     c'est-          à-dire        10-5    fois environ la pression atmosphé  rique, ce volume nuisible doit être     inférieur    à       10-s    fois le 'volume de la cylindrée.

   Cette con  dition est pratiquement très     difficile    à remplir  par des moyens purement mécaniques et l'on a  été conduit à     introduire    dans la pompe un  liquide auxiliaire, en quantité surabondante  pour remplir tout l'espace nuisible, et qui se  trouve évacué en même temps que les gaz. Ce  liquide est en général de l'huile, qui assure en  même temps la     lubrification.     



  L'inconvénient rencontré jusqu'à ce jour  vient du     fait    qu'à l'arrêt de la pompe la voie  destinée à l'introduction du     liquide        auxiliaire     laisse rentrer dans     l'enceinte    à vider, soit une  certaine quantité de ce liquide, soit de l'air.  Différents dispositifs ont été proposés pour    éviter cet inconvénient, mais ils ne donnent pas  entièrement satisfaction quant à la     sécurité    du  fonctionnement.  



  La pompe à vide objet de la présente in  vention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend  un arbre     d'entraînement    en rotation, dans le  quel est creusée au moins une cavité, et un       corps    de pompe dans lequel sont percés, d'une  part, un canal réunissant dans une position an  gulaire     dudit    arbre l'espace dit   volume nui  sible   du corps de pompe à ladite cavité et,  d'autre part, un canal réunissant dans une posi  tion angulaire dudit arbre un réservoir de  liquide chargé de     gaz    à ladite cavité, dont le  volume est supérieur audit volume nuisible.  



  Le dessin annexé représente, à titre d'exem  ple, une forme d'exécution de la pompe à vide,  objet de l'invention.  



  La     fig.    1 en est une coupe axiale.  



  La     fig.    2 est une coupe suivant<I>11-11</I> de la       fig.    1.  



  1 est l'arbre     d'entraînement    du rotor de la  pompe, cet arbre portant deux cavités 2 et 3  réunies, dans une certaine position, respecti  vement avec l'espace nuisible du corps de  pompe par un canal 5 et avec la réserve de       liquide    par un canal 4.

             Le    fonctionnement de la pompe représentée  est le suivant  Si l'on suppose la cavité 2 pleine de liquide  au moment où elle vient prendre la     place    de la  cavité 3, par suite de la rotation de l'arbre 1,  et si à ce moment la pompe se trouve au début  du temps d'évacuation, la pression     dans    la  pompe étant basse, les gaz dissous dans le li  quide se dégagent et se précipitent dans le  corps de pompe par le canal 5 en y     entraînant     ledit     liquide    en quantité     suffisante    pour remplir  l'espace nuisible, le volume des cavités 2 et 3  étant supérieur audit volume nuisible.  



  Par une orientation et une répartition con  venables des cavités sur l'arbre 1, on peut dé  terminer le moment où cesse la communication  de 2 avec 5, de telle sorte que ce moment soit  tel que la pression dans la pompe est encore       inférieure    à la pression atmosphérique. Dans ce  cas, d'une part, le     liquide    et les gaz passés dans  la pompe ne tendent pas à retourner dans les  cavités     quand    la pression monte dans la pompe  à la fin du temps d'évacuation et, d'autre part,    le     liquide    est appelé dans les cavités par dé  pression au moment du passage de ces cavités  en face du canal 4.  



  On remarquera qu'à aucun moment le ré  servoir n'est en     communication    directe avec le       corps    de pompe, de sorte que, quelle que soit  la position d'arrêt de celle-ci, le liquide ne peut  pénétrer à l'intérieur de l'enceinte occupée.



  Vacuum pump The present invention relates to a vacuum pump.



  In mechanical vacuum pumps, evacuation is only possible through the outlet valve if, at the end of compression, the pressure in the pump becomes greater than atmospheric pressure.



  For this purpose, the harmful volume remaining at the end of the compression must be extremely low: for example, if we start from a vacuum of the order of 0.01 mm of mercury, that is to say say about 10-5 times the atmospheric pressure, this harmful volume must be less than 10-s times the 'displacement volume.

   This condition is practically very difficult to fill by purely mechanical means and it has been necessary to introduce into the pump an auxiliary liquid, in excess quantity to fill all the harmful space, and which is evacuated at the same time as gas. This liquid is generally oil, which at the same time provides lubrication.



  The drawback encountered until now comes from the fact that when the pump is stopped, the channel intended for the introduction of the auxiliary liquid allows either a certain quantity of this liquid to enter the enclosure to be emptied, or of the air. Various devices have been proposed to avoid this drawback, but they are not entirely satisfactory as regards the safety of operation.



  The vacuum pump object of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a rotating drive shaft, in which is hollowed out at least one cavity, and a pump body in which are drilled, on the one hand , a channel uniting in an angular position of said shaft the space called harmful volume of the pump body to said cavity and, on the other hand, a channel uniting in an angular position of said shaft a liquid reservoir loaded with gas to said cavity, the volume of which is greater than said harmful volume.



  The appended drawing represents, by way of example, an embodiment of the vacuum pump, object of the invention.



  Fig. 1 is an axial section.



  Fig. 2 is a section along <I> 11-11 </I> of FIG. 1.



  1 is the drive shaft of the pump rotor, this shaft carrying two cavities 2 and 3 joined together, in a certain position, respectively with the harmful space of the pump body by a channel 5 and with the liquid reserve by a channel 4.

             The operation of the pump shown is as follows.If we assume that the cavity 2 is full of liquid when it takes the place of the cavity 3, as a result of the rotation of the shaft 1, and if at this time the pump is at the start of the evacuation time, the pressure in the pump being low, the gases dissolved in the liquid are released and precipitate in the pump body via channel 5, entraining said liquid therein in sufficient quantity to fill the harmful space, the volume of cavities 2 and 3 being greater than said harmful volume.



  By a suitable orientation and distribution of the cavities on the shaft 1, it is possible to determine the moment when the communication of 2 with 5 ceases, so that this moment is such that the pressure in the pump is still lower than the atmospheric pressure. In this case, on the one hand, the liquid and gases passed through the pump do not tend to return to the cavities when the pressure rises in the pump at the end of the evacuation time and, on the other hand, the liquid is called into the cavities by depressurization when these cavities pass in front of channel 4.



  It will be noted that at no time is the tank in direct communication with the pump body, so that, whatever the stop position of the latter, the liquid cannot penetrate inside the pump. 'busy enclosure.

 

Claims (1)

REVENDICATION Pompe à vide, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un arbre d'entraînement en rotation, dans lequel est creusée au moins une cavité, et un corps de pompe dans lequel sont percés, d'une part, un canal réunissant, dans une posi tion angulaire dudit arbre, l'espace dit vo lume nuisible du corps de pompe à ladite ca vité et, d'autre part, un canal réunissant, dans une autre position angulaire dudit arbre, un réservoir de liquide chargé de gaz à ladite ca vité, dont le volume est supérieur audit volume nuisible. CLAIM Vacuum pump, characterized in that it comprises a rotating drive shaft, in which at least one cavity is hollowed out, and a pump body in which are drilled, on the one hand, a channel joining, in a angular position of said shaft, the space called harmful volume of the pump body to said capacity and, on the other hand, a channel bringing together, in another angular position of said shaft, a liquid reservoir loaded with gas at said capacity speed, the volume of which is greater than the harmful volume.
CH326683D 1954-03-23 1955-03-15 Vacuum pump CH326683A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR326683X 1954-03-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH326683A true CH326683A (en) 1957-12-31

Family

ID=8890568

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH326683D CH326683A (en) 1954-03-23 1955-03-15 Vacuum pump

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CH (1) CH326683A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4580951A (en) * 1984-04-25 1986-04-08 Facet Enterprises Inc. Wet motor fuel pump with fuel flow through the bearing for cooling thereof
US5167496A (en) * 1988-12-29 1992-12-01 Skf Industrial Trading & Development Company B.V. Screw compressor with fluid bearings

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4580951A (en) * 1984-04-25 1986-04-08 Facet Enterprises Inc. Wet motor fuel pump with fuel flow through the bearing for cooling thereof
US5167496A (en) * 1988-12-29 1992-12-01 Skf Industrial Trading & Development Company B.V. Screw compressor with fluid bearings

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