CH176489A - Method and device for extinguishing flaming flammable liquids. - Google Patents

Method and device for extinguishing flaming flammable liquids.

Info

Publication number
CH176489A
CH176489A CH176489DA CH176489A CH 176489 A CH176489 A CH 176489A CH 176489D A CH176489D A CH 176489DA CH 176489 A CH176489 A CH 176489A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
nozzle
water
drops
disperser
liquid
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Limited Mather Platt
Fraser Barclay Sidney
Original Assignee
Mather & Platt Ltd
Fraser Barclay Sidney
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mather & Platt Ltd, Fraser Barclay Sidney filed Critical Mather & Platt Ltd
Publication of CH176489A publication Critical patent/CH176489A/en

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3478Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet the liquid flowing at least two different courses before reaching the swirl chamber
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/06Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3431Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
    • B05B1/3447Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a cylinder having the same axis as the outlet

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Description

  

  Procédé et dispositif pour éteindre des liquides     inflammables        enflammés.       La présente invention se rapporte à l'ex  tinction -de liquides inflammables enflammés  et est particulièrement avantageuse quand il  s'agit .d'éteindre le feu ayant pris dans des ré  servoirs ou dans des récipients où :de tels li  quides sont     mis    en réserve.  



  On se sert généralement de produits .chi  miques pour éteindre le feu de     certains    li  quides inflammables -comme Tes huiles com  bustibles, le pétrole, le     benzol    et autres. Dans  le même but, on a aussi proposé l'emploi     d'un,     rideau formé de     gouttelettes    .d'eau, venant  s'interposer entre la     ,surface    du liquide -et  l'air extérieur alimentant la combustion.  



  En pratique, cependant, par suite de la  rapidité et de -la fureur de l'embrasement, les  dispositifs ordinaires d'arrosage restent     sans     effet.  



       La    présente invention a pour objet     un        pro-          cédé    et un dispositif pour éteindre -des - li  quides inflammables enflammés. Le procédé  consiste en ce qu'on -projette     ù    une grande vi  tesse, à l'aide .d'au moins un bec :de lance-    ment, des gouttes. d'eau dirigées vers la sur  face du liquide enflammé, .de     sorte    que les     dites     gouttes forment avec le liquide une couche  d'émulsion aqueuse non inflammable.  



       Le    dispositif pour     mettre        ce    procédé en       oeuvre    est     .caractérisé    par au moins un bec .de  lancement comportant un     disperseur    fige  muni .de rainures périphériques formant des  passages qui :communiquent à l'eau un mou  vement     tourbillonnant    et d'un passage     central     produisant un jet     :central,    qui frappe les jets  en tourbillon ù l'intérieur d'une tuyère con  vergente et les chasse au travers de ladite  tuyère avec une grande vitesse.  



  Le dessin ci-annexé représente,     ù    titre  d'exemple, le bec :d'une forme d'exécution -du  dispositif selon l'invention.  



  La     fig.    1 est une     élévation    et la     fig.    2  une coupe longitudinale dudit bec;  La     fig.    3 est un plan, la     fig.    4 une éléva  tion et la     fig.    5 une coupe transversale du .dis  perseur renfermé dans le bec.      Suivant le dessin, le bec comporte une  partie a par laquelle se fait l'admission :de  l'eau; cette     partie    est munie d'un alésage co  nique b conduisant l'eau sur un     disperseur    c  fixé dans une     partie    d. Dans cette :dernière  est prévu un alésage conique e terminé par un       orifice    f par lequel l'eau est refoulée.  



  Le     -disperseur    c -est muni -de rainures hé  licoïdales périphériques g, qui, avec l'alésage  cylindrique .de la partie e dans laquelle le       disperseur    est logé, forment ,des passages héli  coïdaux communiquant à l'eau un mouve  ment     tourbillonnant.    Un passage :conique  central h, qui :diverge .dans le sens de l'écou  lement, traverse le     :disperseur.    Cet alésage h  est d'une importance vitale pour obtenir un  refoulement     uniforme,des.    gouttes :d'eau pro  jetées à .grande vitesse.

   Le jet d'eau sortant  .du passage h est relativement stable; quand  il rencontre les jets en tourbillon provenant  des passages hélicoïdaux g, il disperse les  jets sous forme :de     gouttes    qui sont refoulées  par     l'orifice    f     à,    une grande vitesse, de façon  à produire le bombardement :de la     surface    :du  liquide     enflammé    qu'on veut transformer en  une émulsion non inflammable.  



  Le     disperseur    c ne peut pas tourner, car  il est immobilisé :dans -la partie d par un ser  tissage<I>i</I> du bord de la partie<I>d.</I> D'une ma  nière analogue, pour empêcher la     séparation     des     pièces    a et e l'une de l'autre, le métal  de la partie a est refoulé en     j    sur l'extrémité  du filetage k 4e la partie<I>d.</I>  



  Les becs sont installés :de préférence au  -dessus de la     surface    .du liquide à protéger       contre    le feu, et reliés à une :conduite d'eau,  capable -de donner la pression convenable. On  projette les gouttes :d'au au moins approxi  mativement verticalement sur la surface en  flammée. Dans le cas :d'huile lourde, la pres  sion de l'eau ne .devra pas être inférieure à  3 atmosphères; pour :des huiles     légères    ou -des  essences, elle devra être au moins de 6 at  mosphères.

   Le réglage de l'eau admise     aux     becs peut être opéré manuellement ou par  des     -dispositifs        automatiques        entrant    en ac  tion si une     :certaine    température est dépassée.    Pour     .des    huiles lourdes, les becs peuvent  être placés     dans    l'huile même; ils .seront ,dis  posés -de préférence juste     au-dessous    de la       surface    -et dirigés horizontalement, de     sorte     que l'eau forme l'émulsion non inflammable  :désirée, à la surface :de l'huile.

   Si le réservoir  est très profond, les becs doivent être instal  lés passablement     au-dessous    :de la     surface    et  être dirigés :de     sorte    que les gouttes soient  projetées vers le haut,     c'est-à-dire    vers la  surface où l'émulsion non inflammable -dési  rée     doit,être    formée.  



  Le procédé et le     -dispositif    d'extinction  de feu suivant la présente invention ne né  -cessitent pas de produits chimiques et peu  vent :donc être appliqués tout :de suite avec  un effet     considérable    :et rapide. En utilisant  le dispositif suivant la présente invention, on  a pu éteindre une conflagration -de benzine  en trois     -secondes.     



  On obtient une distribution pratiquement  uniforme des gouttes sur toute la     surface    :du  liquide     inflammé    par une     .distribution    uni  forme et -en nombre suffisant des becs de lan  cement sur ladite surface.



  Method and device for extinguishing flaming flammable liquids. The present invention relates to the extinguishing of flaming flammable liquids and is particularly advantageous when it comes to extinguishing fire which has caught in tanks or in containers where: such liquids are stored .



  Chemicals are generally used to extinguish the fire of certain flammable liquids - such as fuel oils, petroleum, benzol and others. For the same purpose, the use of a curtain formed of water droplets has also been proposed, interposing between the surface of the liquid and the outside air supplying combustion.



  In practice, however, owing to the rapidity and fury of the conflagration, ordinary sprinklers remain ineffective.



       The present invention relates to a process and a device for extinguishing ignited flammable liquids. The process consists in projecting at a high speed, using at least one nozzle: launching, drops. of water directed towards the surface of the ignited liquid, so that said drops form with the liquid a layer of non-flammable aqueous emulsion.



       The device for carrying out this method is characterized by at least one launching nozzle comprising a fixed disperser provided with peripheral grooves forming passages which: impart to the water a swirling movement and with a central passage producing a jet: central, which strikes the vortex jets inside a con verging nozzle and drives them through said nozzle with high speed.



  The accompanying drawing shows, by way of example, the spout: of one embodiment of the device according to the invention.



  Fig. 1 is an elevation and FIG. 2 a longitudinal section of said spout; Fig. 3 is a plan, FIG. 4 is an elevation and FIG. 5 a cross section of .dis perseur enclosed in the spout. According to the drawing, the spout comprises a part a through which the admission is made: water; this part is provided with a conical bore b leading the water onto a disperser c fixed in a part d. In the latter: a conical bore e terminated by an orifice f through which the water is discharged is provided.



  The -disperser is provided with -de peripheral helical grooves g, which, with the cylindrical bore .de part e in which the disperser is housed, form helical passages imparting a swirling movement to the water. A passage: central conical h, which: diverges. In the direction of flow, crosses the: disperser. This bore h is of vital importance to obtain a uniform discharge, des. drops of water thrown at high speed.

   The water jet leaving the passage h is relatively stable; when it meets the vortex jets coming from the helical passages g, it disperses the jets in the form of: drops which are pushed back through the orifice f at a high speed, so as to produce the bombardment: of the surface: of the flaming liquid that we want to transform into a non-flammable emulsion.



  The disperser c cannot rotate, because it is immobilized: in -part d by a clamping <I> i </I> of the edge of part <I> d. </I> In a similar manner , to prevent the separation of parts a and e from each other, the metal of part a is forced into j on the end of the thread k 4th part <I> d. </I>



  The nozzles are installed: preferably above the surface of the liquid to be protected against fire, and connected to a water pipe, capable of giving the suitable pressure. The drops are projected: at least approximately vertically on the flamed surface. In the case of: heavy oil, the water pressure should not be less than 3 atmospheres; for: light oils or essences, it must be at least 6 atmospheres.

   The adjustment of the water admitted to the spouts can be operated manually or by automatic devices which come into action if a certain temperature is exceeded. For heavy oils, the nozzles can be placed in the oil itself; they will be, arranged - preferably just below the surface - and directed horizontally, so that the water forms the non-flammable emulsion: desired, on the surface: of the oil.

   If the tank is very deep, the nozzles must be installed fairly below: the surface and be directed: so that the drops are projected upwards, that is to say towards the surface where the emulsion non flammable -desired must be trained.



  The method and the fire-extinguishing device according to the present invention do not require chemicals and are low wind: therefore they can be applied immediately with a considerable effect: and quickly. By using the device according to the present invention, it was possible to extinguish a conflagration of benzine in three seconds.



  A practically uniform distribution of the drops over the entire surface is obtained: of the inflamed liquid by a uniform distribution and a sufficient number of the launching nozzles on said surface.

 

Claims (1)

]REVENDICATION I: Procédé pour éteindre :des liquides in flammables enflammés, :caractérisé en ce qu'on projette avec une grande vitesse à l'aide d'au moins un bec -de lancement des gouttes d'eau dirigées vers la surface :du li quide enflammé, de sorte que lesdites. gouttes forment avec le liquide .de surface, une couche superficielle pratiquement uniforme .d'émul- sion aqueuse non inflammable. ] CLAIM I: Method for extinguishing: flaming flammable liquids,: characterized in that one projects with a high speed using at least one nozzle-launching drops of water directed towards the surface: of the inflamed liquid, so that said. The drops form with the surface liquid a substantially uniform surface layer of non-flammable aqueous emulsion. SOUS-REVENDICATIONS 1 Procédé selon la revendication I, pour l'ex tinction d'huiles lourdes, :caractérisé en ce qu'on projette les gouttes d'eau au moins approximativement verticalement sur la surface enflammée, avec une pression d'en viron 3 atmosphères. 2 Procédé .selon la revendication I pour l'ex tinction ,d'huiles légères et lourdes, carac- térisé en ce qu'on projette les gouttes d'eau au moins approximativement verticalement sur la surface enflammée avec une pres- siond'environ 6 atmosphères. SUB-CLAIMS 1 Process according to Claim I, for the extinction of heavy oils,: characterized in that the drops of water are projected at least approximately vertically on the inflamed surface, with a pressure of about 3 atmospheres. 2. A process according to claim 1 for the extinction of light and heavy oils, characterized in that the drops of water are projected at least approximately vertically onto the inflamed surface with a pressure of about 6 atmospheres. Procédé selon la revendication I, caracté risé en -ce qu'on place -les becs dans le li quide près de :sa surface et qu'on injecte des gouttes .d'eau avec une grande vitesse dans le liquide de surface pour y former une couche .superficielle d'émulsion non inflammable. A method according to claim I, characterized in that the nozzles are placed in the liquid near: its surface and that drops of water are injected with high velocity into the surface liquid to form therein a superficial layer of non-flammable emulsion. REVENDICATION II Dispositif pour mettre en aeuvre le pro cédé de la revendication I, caractérisé par au moins un bec de lancement comportant un disperseur fige muni de rainures p6riphéri- ques formant des passages qui communiquent à l'eau un mouvement tourbillonnant et d'un passage central produisant un jet central qui frappe les jets en =tourbillon à l'intérieur d'une tuyère convergente et les chasse au travers -de ladite tuyère avec une grande vi tesse. CLAIM II Device for carrying out the process of claim I, characterized by at least one launching nozzle comprising a fixed disperser provided with peripheral grooves forming passages which impart to the water a swirling movement and a passage. central producing a central jet which strikes the vortex jets inside a converging nozzle and drives them through said nozzle with great speed. SOUS-REVENDIOATIONS 4 Dispositif selon la revendication II, -carac- térisé en ce que le passage central du dis- perseur diverge dans le sens -de l'écoule ment -de l'eau et en ce que les rainures pé riphériques ont une forme hélicoïdale. 5 Dispositif selon la revendication II, carac- térisé en ee que le disperseur est<B>logé</B> dans une partie cylindrique -d'un alésage d'une partie du bec et y est maintenu immobile par un sertissage. SUB-REVENDIOATIONS 4 Device according to claim II, -characterized in that the central passage of the disperser diverges in the direction -of the flow -de water and in that the peripheral grooves have a shape helical. 5 Device according to claim II, characterized in that the disperser is <B> housed </B> in a cylindrical part - of a bore of a part of the nozzle and is held there immobile by a crimping. 6 Dispositif selon la revendication II, carac- téris6 en ce que l'alésage -du bec comporte une partie -divergeant vers le disperseur et située en amont de celui-ci et une tuyère convergeant dans le sens de -l'écoulement et située à l'aval du disperseur. 6 Device according to claim II, charac- teris6 in that the bore -of the nozzle comprises a portion -dividing towards the disperser and located upstream thereof and a nozzle converging in the direction of -l'flow and located at downstream of the disperser.
CH176489D 1934-02-09 1934-02-09 Method and device for extinguishing flaming flammable liquids. CH176489A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH176489T 1934-02-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH176489A true CH176489A (en) 1935-04-15

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH176489D CH176489A (en) 1934-02-09 1934-02-09 Method and device for extinguishing flaming flammable liquids.

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Country Link
CH (1) CH176489A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2552336A1 (en) * 1983-09-23 1985-03-29 Flandre Rene Improvements to devices for the production and pouring of extinguishing foams into tanks for hydrocarbons.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2552336A1 (en) * 1983-09-23 1985-03-29 Flandre Rene Improvements to devices for the production and pouring of extinguishing foams into tanks for hydrocarbons.

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