CA3227723A1 - A closure for a container and a container and closure - Google Patents

Abstract

A closure 10 for a container 20, the container having a side surface 21 and a rim 22 that defines an opening 23 and an opening axis A that is perpendicular to the opening, the closure comprising: a top portion 11 configured to cover the opening of the container; and a skirt portion 12, connected to the top portion and configured to surround an upper region of the side surface of a container when the closure is connected to the container; wherein the skirt portion comprises one or more thread portions 13 configured to cooperate with one or more thread portions 26 provided on the side surface of a container to define movement of the closure relative to the container in a direction parallel to the opening axis as the closure rotates about the opening axis relative to the container; the closure further comprises a liner 90 that extends across the surface of the top portion of the closure and at least partway across the skirt portion away from the top portion; and the liner is configured to seal the opening of a container when the closure is connected to the container.

Description

A CLOSURE FOR A CONTAINER AND A CONTAINER AND CLOSURE
The present disclosure relates to a container and a closure for the container.
Such a container may be used to house a beverage or other liquid or fluid. A
container may be of a variety of sizes and may, for example, be a wide-mouth container or it may be a bottle.
In some cases, it may be designed for containing a carbonated beverage. The disclosure also relates to the container separately, a closure for use therewith, the manufacture of such a container and closure, the use of such a container and closure and a method of filling such a container and closure with a beverage.
Containers and closures for wide-mouth containers and bottles are known such as those described in the applicant's earlier applications, for example W02006/000774, W02011/151630, W02014/006418, W02017/109463, W02017/017415 and W02019/141973. These seek to provide a closure capable of securely closing a container, the contents of which may be at an elevated pressure, for example during transportation and/or when subject to elevated temperatures, whilst remaining relatively easy for a consumer to remove.
A wide-mouthed container may be used both to store a beverage (or other contents) and as a drinking vessel once the closure has been removed. In some cases, the closure may also be designed so it can be used to re-close and/or to re-seal the container. A typical wide-mouth container may have a mouth with a diameter or width in the range 55 to 65 mm, although the term may also apply to containers having a mouth with a diameter or width in the range 40 to 90 mm.
A bottle is typically used to store a beverage (or other contents) prior to pouring it into a drinking vessel. Commonly used bottles, such as those used to store beer and other beverages, typically have a mouth with a diameter of around 28 mm.
Whilst the closures described in the above documents are satisfactory in many cases, the present disclosure seeks to provide improvements.

According to an aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a closure for a container, the container having a side surface and a rim that defines an opening and an opening axis that is perpendicular to the opening, the closure comprising:
a top portion configured to cover the opening of the container; and a skirt portion, connected to the top portion and configured to surround an upper region of the side surface of a container when the closure is connected to the container;
wherein the skirt portion comprises one or more thread portions configured to cooperate with one or more thread portions provided on the side surface of a container to define movement of the closure relative to the container in a direction parallel to the opening axis as the closure rotates about the opening axis relative to the container;
the closure further comprises a liner that extends across the surface of the top portion of the closure and at least partway across the skirt portion away from the top portion; and the liner is configured to seal the opening of a container when the closure is connected to the container.
In an arrangement, the liner includes a seal region configured such that, when the closure is connected to a container, the seal region forms a fluid-tight seal between the side surface of the container and the skirt portion of the closure.
In an arrangement, the liner is configured such that, when the closure is connected to a container the seal region of the liner is not in contact with the rim of the container.
In an arrangement, the closure is configured such that, when the closure is connected to a container, the part of the liner extending across the surface of the top portion of the closure forms a liquid-tight seal against the rim of the container.
In an arrangement, the liner is integrally formed as a single component.
In an arrangement, the liner is formed from a cross-linked rubber.
In an arrangement, the closure further comprises a lubricant provided between the liner and at least one of the top portion and the skirt portion of the closure.

2 In an arrangement, the lubricant comprises an antibacterial material.
In an arrangement, the closure comprises an antibacterial material provided between the liner and at least one of the top portion and the skirt portion of the closure.
In an arrangement, the material used to form the liner comprises at least one of a slip agent and an antibacterial material.
In an arrangement, the closure further comprises a hand-engagement region on an outer surface of the closure that is configured to have a higher static coefficient of friction between it and a human hand than an inner surface of the closure.
In an arrangement, the hand-engagement region comprises a layer of material having a higher static coefficient of friction between it and a human hand than the material used to form the top portion and/or the skirt portion of the closure.
In an arrangement, the hand-engagement region comprises a textured surface provided on at least part of the top portion and/or the skirt portion of the closure.
In an arrangement, the top portion and skirt portion are formed of a non-metallic material, optionally a plastic material.
In an arrangement, the top portion and the skirt portion are formed of metal.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure there is provided a container for use with a closure according to any one of the above aspects or arrangements.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure there is provided container and a closure comprising a closure according to any one of the above aspects or arrangements.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure there is provided a method of filling a container with a beverage, comprising filling the container with a beverage and

3

4 connecting a closure to an opening of the container, wherein the closure is a closure according to any one of the above aspects or arrangements.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure there is provided a method of using a container and a closure according to any of the above aspects for containing a beverage.
Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows an upper perspective view of a closure according to the present disclosure;
Figure 2 shows a lower perspective view of a closure according to the present disclosure;
Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a container according to the present disclosure;
Figure 4 shows in elevation the top part of the container of Figure 3;
Figures 5 to 11 schematically depict the process of removing a closure from a container according to the present disclosure;
Figure 12 schematically depicts, in cross-section, a closure with an arrangement of seals;
Figure 13 schematically depicts, in cross-section, the closure of Figure 12 when attached to a container;
Figure 14 schematically depicts, in cross-section, a closure with an alternative arrangement of seals;
Figure 15 schematically depicts, in cross-section, the closure of Figure 14 when attached to a container;
Figure 16 schematically depicts, in cross-section, a closure with an alternative seal arrangement;
Figure 17 schematically depicts, in cross-section, a closure of Figure 16 when attached to a container;
Figures 18 and 19 depict a container and a closure, respectively, with an alternative arrangement of thread portions; and Figure 20 depicts in elevation the top part of the container of Figure 18.

Figures 1 and 2 depict a closure 10 according to the present disclosure, with views from above/outside and below/inside, respectively.
As shown, the closure 10 includes a top portion 11 for covering an opening of a container, surrounded by a skirt 12 that extends from the top portion 11. The skirt 12 includes thread portions 13 that are configured to engage with thread portions of the container in order to define movement of the closure 10 relative to a container to which it is to be attached.
Figures 3 and 4 depict an example of a container 20 to be used with the closure 10 depicted in Figures 1 and 2. The container 20 includes an external side surface 21 and a rim 22 that defines an opening 23. The rim 22 also defines an opening axis A
that extends perpendicularly to the plane within which the opening 23 lies. The container 20 includes another section 24, having a primary purpose to contain a beverage or liquid, and an upper portion 25, having a primary function to engage with a closure 10.
The container 20 includes thread portions 26, configured to engage with the thread portions 13 of the closure 10 in order to define the movement of the closure 10 relative to the container 20 while the closure 10 is being attached to the container 20 and/or while the closure 10 is being removed from the container 20.
As shown in the arrangement depicted in Figure 2, the closure 10 may include a seal 14, secured to an inner surface of the closure 10. The closure 10, seal 14 and container 20 may be configured such that, when the closure 10 is attached to the container 20, the seal 14 provides a fluid-tight seal between the closure 10 and the container 20.
In an arrangement, the seal 14 may be formed from a different material from the closure 10. This may enable materials to be selected for each that have beneficial properties for their respective function. For example, it may be desirable for the seal 14 to be formed from a material that is more resilient than the material used to form the closure 10. In an example, the closure 10 may therefore be formed from a metal, which may not be suitable to form the seal 14.

5 As shown in the arrangement depicted in Figures 1 and 2, the seal 14 may be retained within a recess or gland 15 formed within the skirt 12 of the closure 10. The recess or gland 15 may be configured such that, as the closure 10 is advanced onto the container 20 in a direction parallel to the opening axis A, the position of the seal 14 relative to the closure 10 in that direction is substantially fixed, subject to small movements that may be caused by compression of the seal 14 and/or by manufacturing tolerances.
Accordingly, as the closure 10 moves relative to the container 20 in a direction parallel to the opening axis A, the seal 14 also moves in the same direction relative to the container 20. In an arrangement, the seal 14 is caused to move across three regions 31, 32, 33 of the side surface 21 of the container during the process of attaching the closure 10 to the container 20 and/or removing the closure 10 from the container 20.
In a first region 31, the arrangement of the closure 10 and the container 20 may be configured such that, as the seal 14 is moved across the first region 31 by the movement of the closure 10 relative to the container 20, the seal can be switched between states of compression. In one state, the seal 14 is compressed between respective surfaces of the closure 10 and the container 20. In an arrangement, the seal 14 may be compressed between the side surface 21 of the container and a surface of the recess or gland 15 within which the seal 14 is fitted. In another state, the seal 14 is not compressed, or not significantly compressed, namely not compressed to an extent that the seal 14 may be used in order to provide a fluid-tight seal.
In an arrangement, the closure 10 and container 20 may be configured such that in the process of attaching the closure 10 to the container 20, the seal 14 is caused to traverse the first region 31 of the side surface of the container 20 in a manner that results in the seal transitioning from an uncompressed state to a state in which it is compressed between the side surface 21 of the container 20 and an inner surface of the closure 10.
Conversely, in a process of detaching the closure 10 from the container 20, the movement of the closure 10 relative to the container 20 may cause the seal 14 to traverse the first region 31 of the side surface 21 of the container in such a way that the seal transitions from a compressed state to an uncompressed state.

6 As shown in Figure 4, in the first region 31 of the side surface 21 of the container 20, the surface 28 may be inclined relative to the opening axis A. In an arrangement in which the opening 23 is circular, the inclined surface 28 may be frusto-conical. As the seal 14 traverses the region 31 including the inclined surface 28, the separation between the side surface 21 of the container 20 and the surface of the closure 10 against which the seal 14 is retained decreases. Consequently, as the seal 14 traverses the first region 31 of the side surface 21, the seal 14 is compressed.
In an arrangement, the angle of the inclined surface 28 relative to the opening axis A is in a range of 5 to 30 , optionally in a range of 10 to 20 .
In the arrangement depicted in Figures 3 and 4, in the second region 32 of the side surface 21 of the container 20, a plurality of grooves 27 are provided at locations spread around the side surface 21. When the seal 14 is positioned adjacent the second region 32 of the side surface 21 of the container 20, the grooves 27 permit fluid to bypass the seal 14, even if it is in a compressed state. This may permit, for example, high pressure gas to vent while the closure 10 is partially attached to the container 20. In an arrangement in which the closure 10 and container 20 are configured such that the seal 14 is in a compressed state when in contact with the second region 32 of the side surface 21 of the container 20, the venting of high pressure gases through the grooves 27 rather than between the rim 22 of the container 20 and the seal 14 may prevent the seal from moving rapidly causing a popping noise that may disturb the user.
It should be appreciated that any number of grooves 27 may be provided and the grooves 27 need not be evenly spaced around the side surface 21 of the container 20.
Optionally, a single groove 27 may be provided. In an alternative arrangement, not depicted in the Figures, one or more ridges may be provided on the side surface 21 of the container 20 in the second region 32. Such ridges may disrupt the seal 14 from forming a fluid-tight seal against the side surface 21 of the container 20. In particular, venting paths bypassing the seal 14 may be provided on either side of such ridges.

7 In the third region 33 of the top part 25 of the container 20, the side surface may be configured such that the seal 14 may form a fluid-tight seal between the container 20 and the closure 10, thereby containing a fluid, such as a beverage, within the combination of the container 20 and closure 10.
In an arrangement, the side surface 21 of the container 20 in the third region may be cylindrical or substantially cylindrical, arranged about the opening axis A. The same may apply in the second region 32 of the side surface 21 of the container 20, excluding any grooves and/or ridges used to form a bypass path for fluid around the seal.
Such an arrangement may ensure that, at any position of the seal 14 within the second and/or third region 32, 33 of the side surface 21 of the container 20, the separation between the side surface 21 of the container and the surface of the closure 10 adjacent the seal is substantially the same. This may ensure consistent compression of the seal 14, ensuring a fluid-tight seal, excepting any bypass path within the second region 32.
In an arrangement, the side surface 21 of the container 20 in the second and/or third region 32, 33 may be at a small angle relative to the opening axis A. This may assist in the release of the top section 25 of the container 20 from a mould used in the forming process.
In such an arrangement, the third region 33 of the side surface 21 of the container 20 may be configured such that a line within the surface is at an angle to the opening axis A of less than 50, optionally less than 3 . The second region 32 of the side surface 21 of the container 20 may be configured such that a line within the surface is at an angle to the opening axis A of less than 10 , optionally in a range of 2 to10 . The line may be the line at which a tangent plane contacts the curved surface of the side surface 21 of the container 20 in the second and/or third region 32, 33.
In an arrangement in which the side surface 21 of the container 20 in the second and/or third region 32, 33 is slightly inclined, it should be appreciated that the change in separation between the side surface 21 and the surface of the closure 10 adjacent the seal 14 may be sufficiently small across the second and/or third regions 32, 33 that the change in the extent of the compression of the seal 14 is not significant.

8 In an arrangement, the side surface 21 of the container 20 may be less inclined in the third region 33 than in the second region. This may enable a gradual transition from the third region 33 with least or no angle relative to the opening axis A, through the second region 32, to the first region 31 which, as above, may include an inclined surface 28 used to compress the seal 14 when the closure 10 is attached to the container 20.
This may result in an improved sensation for the user. Alternatively or additionally, the side surface 21 of the container 20 may be less inclined in the second region 32 than in the first region.
Again, this may result in an improved sensation for the user.
Figures 5 to 11 schematically depict the engagement of the thread portions 13, on the closure 10 and container 20, respectively, during the process of removing a closure 10 from a container 20. In the images shown, the container 20 and its side surface 21 and a thread portion 26 are shown in a fixed position. For clarity, the closure 10 itself is not shown but the relative position of a thread portion 13 of the closure 10 and seal 14, both of which have a substantially fixed position relative to the remainder closure 10, are shown.
In the depiction, as the closure 10 rotates about the opening axis A relative to the container 20, the depicted thread portion 13 gradually becomes not visible.
However, the seal 14 which surrounds the closure 10 remains visible in all of the Figures.
It should be appreciated that, in practice, a closure 10 may have multiple sets of thread portions 13 such that, as one becomes not visible as it rotates around the opening axis A, another would become visible. However, for the clarity of this depiction, only a single thread portion 13 is depicted.
As shown in Figure 5, in a fully closed position, a first part 41 of the thread portion 13 of the closure 10 is initially held beneath a thread portion 26 of the container 20. In this position, the seal 14 is located within the third region 33 of the side surface 21 of the container 20. Accordingly, a fluid-tight seal may be maintained.
As shown in Figure 6, when the closure 10 is rotated about the opening axis A
relative to the container 20, for an initial angle of rotation, the first part 41 of the thread portion 13 of the closure 110 remains below the thread portion 26 of the container 20. This maintains the position of the closure 10 relative to the container 20 in a direction parallel to

9 the opening axis A. Accordingly, the seal 14 remains within the third region 33 of the side surface 21 of the container 20, maintaining a fluid-tight seal.
As shown in Figure 7, as the closure 10 is rotated about the opening axis A
relative to the container 20 farther, the engagement between the thread portion 26 of the container 20 and the thread portion 13 of the closure 10 moves to a second part 42 of the thread portion 13 of the closure 10. The second part 42 of the thread portion 13 of the closure 10 is inclined relative to the first part 41, such that, as the closure 10 rotates, it also moves in a direction parallel to the opening axis A. This motion moves the seal 14 from the third region 33 to the second region 32 of the side surface 21 of the container 20.
As discussed above, when the seal 14 is in contact with the second region 32 of the side surface 21 of the container 20, high pressure fluid, such as gas from a carbonated beverage, may be vented by bypassing the seal 14 through grooves 27.
As discussed above, in an arrangement, when the seal 14 is in contact with both the second and third regions 32, 33 of the side surface 21 of the container 20, the seal may remain in a compressed state. In such an arrangement, returning the seal 14 from the second region 32 to the third region 33 does not require compression of the seal 14. In such an arrangement, a user may easily move a closure 10 from a position in which the seal 14 is in contact with the second region 32 to a position in which the seal 14 is in contact with the third region 33 of the side surface 21 of the container 20.
This may be beneficial if a user experiences excessive venting when first opening the closure 10, for example if the beverage within the container 20 is a carbonated beverage. In such an instance, the user may easily rotate the closure 10 relative to the container 20 in the opposite direction to the opening direction, returning the seal 14 to the third region 33, in which it forms a fluid-tight seal, stopping the flow of fluid through the venting grooves 27.
As shown in Figure 8, where the closure 10 continues to be rotated relative to the container 20, it may reach a position in which a third part 43 of the thread portion 13 of the closure 10 engages with the thread portion 26 of the container 20 to prevent further movement of the closure 10 relative to the container 20 in a direction parallel to the opening axis A in a direction resulting in the removal of the closure 10 from the container 20.
A fourth part 44 of the thread portion 13 of the closure may be configured to initially restrict the closure 10 from rotating further relative to the container 20 about the opening axis A, as shown in Figure 8. The closure 10 and container 20 may be configured such that, in this position, the seal 14 remains in the second region 32 of the side surface 21 of the container 20. This may assist in completing the venting of any high pressure fluid before the closure 10 is fully removed from the container 20.
In such an arrangement, a user may be required to push the closure 10 back towards the container 20 in a direction parallel to the opening axis A at the same time as rotating the closure 10 about the opening axis A in order for the fourth part 44 of the thread portion 13 of the closure 10 to clear the thread portion 26 of the container 20, as shown in Figure 9.
As shown in Figure 10, on further rotation of the closure 10 relative to the container about the opening axis A, engagement of the fourth part 44 of the thread portion 13 of the closure 10 with the thread portion 26 of the container 20 results in the seal 14 20 traversing the first region 31 of the side surface 21 of the closure 20.
As discussed above, as the seal traverses the first region 31, the seal 14 transitions from a compressed state to an uncompressed state.
Upon further rotation, the thread portion 13 of the closure 10 disengages with the thread portion 26 of the container 20, with the result that the closure 10 may be completely removed from the container 20, as shown in Figure 11.
It will be appreciated that in order to connect a closure 10 to a container 20, the above steps are reversed and the closure 10 is rotated in the opposite direction relative to the container 20 about the opening axis A. During such a closure process, the seal 14 is compressed as it traverses the first region 31 of the side surface 21 of the container 20.
Thereafter, the seal 14 may remain compressed as it traverses the second region 32, in which venting may take place by relatively high pressure fluids bypassing the seal 14 through grooves 27. After further rotation, the seal 14 transfers to the third region 33 of the side surface 21 of the container 20, in which it may form a fluid-tight seal between the closure 10 and the container 20.
In an arrangement that differs from the arrangement discussed above, one or more of the grooves 27 may extend into the first region 31 of the side surface 21 of the container 20. In such an arrangement, venting may take place while the seal 14 is being compressed or released from compression as a closure 10 is being attached to, or removed from, respectively, a container 20.
In the above described arrangements, the seal 14 is described as being compressed during the process of attaching a closure 10 to a container 20. The seal 14 may be made from a resilient material. In an arrangement, the seal 14 may be formed from an 0-ring, namely a gasket formed from a loop of material with a round cross-section.
Alternative sealing arrangements may be used, for example gaskets having a different cross-section, including an D-ring, a U-ring, V-ring or a square-ring. Other known compressible seals may also be used.
Such seals 14, compressed between a side surface of the container 20 and the skirt 12 of the closure 10, rather than merely forming a compression seal on, for example, the rim 22 of the container 20 may provide a very reliable seal, especially for pressurised contents within the container 20, such as carbonated beverages. In such a scenario, it should be appreciated that a pressure difference is established between the contents of the container 20 and the environment surrounding the container 20. This pressure difference acts across the seal 14. However, the pressure difference across the seal 14, in a direction that promotes leakage from the container 20, results in the seal 14 deforming, for example from the gland or recess in which it sits, into the gap between the container 20 and the closure 10, more firmly filling the gap. This increases the ability of the seal 14 to resist leakage. As a result, the greater the pressure of the contents of the container 20, the better the seal 14 performs at resisting leakage.
As explained above, when the closure 10 is secured on the container 20, the seal 14 engages with the side surface of the container 20 at a location set apart from the rim 22 of the container. For example, the seal 14 may be positioned below the grooves 27 in the arrangement shown in Figure 4. The thread portions 26 of the container 20, that are configured to engage with the thread portions 13 provided on the skirt 12 of the closure 10, are provided below this region. Accordingly, the thread portions 26 of the container 20 may be separated from the rim 22 of the container 20. For example, the space between the thread portions 26 of the container 20 and the rim 22 of the container may be at least two or three times the space occupied by the thread portions 26 on the surface of the container 20. In an arrangement, this separation of the thread portions 26 on the container 20 from the rim 22 of the container may be configured to provide sufficient space that, when a user drinks from the container 20, their lips do not touch the thread portions 26 of the container 20. This may enhance the user's satisfaction of drinking from the container 20.
One or both of the closure 10 and container 20 may be formed from a metal.
Alternatively or additionally, one or both of the closure 10 and container 20 may be formed from a non-metallic material, such as a plastic material.
It should be appreciated that, although the above description relates to an arrangement in which the seal 14 of the closure 10 engages with the external side surface 21 of the container 20, in an arrangement, the seal 14 of the closure 10 may engage with the inner side surface of the container 20. In such an arrangement, the closure 10 may include an inner skirt configured such that, in a closed position, the skirt extends inside the opening of the container 20. In such an arrangement, the seal may form a fluid-tight seal between the inner skirt closure 10 and the inner side surface of the container 20. In such an arrangement, the closure 10 may have an outer skirt having thread portions that engage corresponding thread portions provided on the exterior side surface of the container 20.
Figures 12 and 13 schematically depict a closure 10 having a variation of the sealing arrangement discussed above. As shown, in addition to the first seal 14, that may provide a gas-tight seal between the closure 10 and the container 20 and that acts against the side surface 21 of the container, the closure may include a second seal 50. The second seal 50 may form a compression seal or a flexing seal against the rim 22 of the container 20.

As shown in the arrangement depicted in Figures 12 and 13, the second seal 50 may act against the uppermost surface of the rim 22 of the container 20. In an arrangement, the second seal 50 may alternatively or additionally act against an inner and/or outer surface of the rim 22 of the container, for example in a region slightly below the uppermost surface of the rim 22. In an arrangement, the second seal 50 may act against a tapered inner or outer surface of the rim 22.
In an arrangement, the first seal 14 may provide the primary gas-tight seal when the closure 10 is attached to the container 20, for example providing a sufficient seal to maintain the condition of a carbonated beverage. The second seal 50 may function to prevent any liquid from within the container 20 passing over the rim 22 to a position in which it rests on top of the first seal 14.
In an arrangement, the second seal 50 may not be sufficient to provide a gas-tight seal. Accordingly, the gas pressure in a region 51 between the first seal 14 and the second seal 50 may equalise with the gas pressure within the main body of the container 20.
However, the second seal 50 may be sufficient to prevent liquid passing over the rim 22 of the container 20. Preventing or minimising the presence of liquid above the first seal 14, namely in the space 51 between the first seal 14 and the second seal 22 may prevent an undesirable leakage of liquid during removal of the closure 10 from the container 20, which may be particularly problematic for liquids stored under pressure.
In an arrangement, the first seal 14 and the second seal 50 may be integrally formed, namely formed at the same time from the same material. In an arrangement, as depicted in Figures 12 and 13, the first seal 14 and the second seal 50 may be connected by a relatively thin web 52, which facilitates forming the first seal 14 and the second seal 50 at the same time and/or may facilitate mounting the seals 14, 50 within the closure 10. In an arrangement, the first seal 14, the connecting web 52 and the second seal 50 may be integrally formed as a single component.
In an arrangement, at least one of the first seal 14 and the second seal 50 may be co-moulded to the closure 10. In such a process, also referred to as over-moulding, the main body of the closure 10, including the top portion 11 that covers the opening of the container 20 and the skirt 12 that extends from the top portion 11 may be formed first by any suitable process, depending on the material to be used. Subsequently, at least one seal 14, 50 may be formed within the closure 10 such that the already-formed closure 10 forms part of the mould within which the at least one seal 14, 50 is formed. For an arrangement such as that depicted in Figure 12, the first seal 14, web 52 and second seal 50 may be formed in a single injection moulding process in which the main body of the closure 10 provides part of the mould.
Such a process may be beneficial because the co-moulding process may result in at least one of the first and second seals 14, 50 adhering to the main body of the closure 10.
This may result in a closure 10 that is more robust to handling, namely less likely for either of the seals to become detached from the remainder of the closure 10.
Alternatively or additionally, by co-moulding at least one of the seals 14, 50 to the main body of the closure

10, it may be possible to reduce or eliminate the possibility of voids being present between the seals 14, 50 and the main body of the closure 10. Such voids may be undesirable, for example for a container 20 and closure 10 to be used to hold liquids such as beverages because such voids may be difficult to clean and/or may provide spaces in which undesirable microbial activity may occur.
Although at least one of the first seal 14 and the second seal 50 may be co-moulded to the main body of the closure 10, in an arrangement at least one of the first seal 14 and the second seal 50 may be formed separately from the main body of the closure 10 and subsequently attached to the remainder of the closure 10. In such an arrangement, a seal 14, 50 may, as discussed above, fit within a suitably sized gland or recess 15, which may be sufficient to hold the seal 14, 50 in place. In an arrangement, at least one of the seals 14, 50 may be attached to the main body of the closure 10 by an adhesive.
Figures 14 and 15 depict a variation of the arrangement shown in Figures 12 and 13. Much of the arrangement depicted in Figures 14 and 15 corresponds to that shown in Figures 12 and 13 and the description thereof will not be repeated. It should also be appreciated that the variations to the arrangements shown in Figures 12 and 13 discussed above also apply to the arrangement depicted in Figures 14 and 15.

As is shown in Figure 14, the difference between the arrangements is that in Figure 14 the first seal 60 is a U-ring or V-ring rather than the D-ring shown in Figure 12. As is shown in Figure 14, the U-ring 60 may be arranged to include a first limb 61 that may fit within the recess or gland 15 within the skirt 12 of the closure 10. The U-ring 60 may also include a second limb 62 that at one end is connected to the first limb 61 but at the other end is separated from the first limb 61 by a space 63. The second limb 62 may project towards the centre of the closure 62, namely towards the opening axis A. As shown in Figure 15, when the closure 10 is attached to the container 20, the first limb 62 of the U-ring 60 may deform to move closer to the first limb 61, reducing the size of the separation 63 between them.
Although as shown in Figures 14 and 15, the second limb 62 of the U-ring 60 projects generally inwards and upwards in the usual configuration of the closure 10, it should be appreciated that this may be reversed and the second limb 62 may generally project inwards and downwards.
As discussed above, at least one of the first seal 14 and the second seal 50 may be formed from a resilient material. In an arrangement, at least one of the first seal 14 and the second seal 50 may be formed from a cross-linked rubber. Such a material may beneficially provide a better seal, namely one that is more resistant to gradual release of gas stored under pressure than other choices of seal material such as synthetic elastomers including thermoplastic elastomers (commonly referred to as TPEs). The use of a cross-linked rubber may also be beneficial because it can be deformed to a greater extent during the process of removing it from a mould and still return to the desired shape.
This may facilitate the formation of a seal 60 such as that depicted in Figures 14 and 15.
Figures 16 and 17 depict a variation of the arrangement shown in Figures 14 and 15. Much of the arrangement depicted in Figures 16 and 17 corresponds to that shown in Figures 12 to 15 and the description thereof will not be repeated. It should also be appreciated that the variations to the arrangements shown in Figures 12 to 15 discussed above also apply to the arrangement depicted in Figures 16 and 17.

In the arrangement depicted in Figures 16 and 17, the seals may be replaced with a liner 90 provided within the closure 10 that may perform the sealing function.
The liner may be provided within the closure 10, namely positioned such that, when the closure 10 is connected to the container 20, the liner 90 is positioned between the closure 10 and the container 20.
As shown in Figures 16 and 17, the liner 90 may include a first part 91 that extends across the surface of the top portion 11 of the closure 10 and a second part 92 extending part-way down the skirt portion12 of the closure, away from the top portion

11. In an arrangement, the second portion 92 of the liner 90 may be configured such that it does not extend sufficiently far down the skirt portion 12 of the closure that it reaches the thread portions 13 provided on the skirt portion 12 of the closure 10.
Provision of such a liner 90 within the remainder of the closure 10 provides a component that encapsulates the opening 23 of the container 10 and extends part way down the side surface 21 of container 20 and may therefore improve the containment of a liquid held within the container 20.
In an arrangement, the liner 90 includes a seal region 93 that is configured to be compressed between the skirt section 12 of the closure 10 and the side surface 21 of the container 20 when the closure 10 is connected to the container 20. In such an arrangement, the seal region 93 may form a fluid-tight seal between the side surface 21 of the container 20 and the skirt portion 12 of the closure 10.
It will be appreciated that the seal region 93 of the liner 90 may perform the same function as the seals discussed above that engage with the side surface 21 of the container 20. Variations of such seals discussed above may apply equally to the seal region 93 of liner 90. It will further be appreciated that the liner 90 may be configured such that, when the closure 10 is connected to the container 20, the seal region 93 is positioned on the side surface 21 of the container at a location set apart from the rim 22 of the container 20, namely such that the seal region 93 is not in contact with the rim 22.

In an arrangement, the closure 10 may be configured such that, when the closure 10 is connected to the container 20, the first part 91 of the liner 90, which extends across the surface of the top portion 11 of the closure 10, engages with the rim 22 of the container 20 to form a liquid-tight seal against the rim 22 of the container 20. An arrangement of a liner 90 having a seal region 93 forming a fluid-tight seal between the side surface 21 of the container 20 and the skirt portion 12 of the closure 10, and a first portion 91 forming a liquid-tight seal against the rim 22 of the container 20 may provide similar benefits to those discussed above in relation to the arrangements depicted in Figures 12 to 15. For example, the provision of a high quality fluid-tight seal that is capable of maintaining the condition of a carbonated beverage in conjunction with a second seal against the rim 22 of the container 10 that may prevent liquid from the container 20 from becoming trapped outside of the side wall 21 of the container 20, above the seal region 93.
Furthermore, the provision of a liner 90 within the volume defined by the top portion 11 and the skirt portion 12 of the closure 10, that encapsulates the opening 23 of the container 20 and includes at least one integrally formed seal, may greatly reduce the likelihood of fluid from the container 20 leaking to a position between a seal fitted within a closure 10 and the remainder of the closure. This may improve its food-hygiene performance.
In an arrangement, the liner 90 may be integrally formed as a single component, for example in a single process. This may reduce the manufacturing costs and may also reduce the likelihood of leakage through the liner. The liner 90 may be formed separately from the remainder of the closure 10, namely the top portion 11 and the skirt portion 12 and then assembled into it.
The liner 90 may be formed from any of the materials discussed above as suitable for use in forming a seal. The liner 90 may in particular be formed from a cross-linked rubber.
In an arrangement, a lubricant, such as a food grade silicone spray lubricant, may be provided between the liner 90 and at least one of the top portion 11 and the skirt portion

12 of the closure 10. For example, the lubricant may be provided to the outer surface of the liner 90 and/or the inner surface of the top portion 11 and/or skirt portion 12 of the closure 10 before assembly.
The provision of such a lubricant may assist in the connection of a closure 10 to the container 20 and/or the removal of the closure 10 from the container 20.
Specifically, for a wide-mouthed container 20 the forces generated between the closure 10 and the container 20 may be significant if the container 20 stores a carbonated beverage. In combination with the large surface area of the liner 90 that is in contact with the container 20, this may result in a large torque being required to rotate the liner 90 relative to the container 20.
However, by reducing the friction between the liner 90 and the remainder of the closure 10, it becomes possible for a user to rotate the top portion 11 and skirt portion 12 of the closure 10 relative to the container 20, even while the liner 90 remains stationary relative to the container 20.
In an arrangement, an antibacterial material, such as a silver-containing antimicrobial, may be provided between the liner 90 and at least one of the top portion 11 and the skirt portion 12 of the closure 10. As with the lubricant, this may be provided to either surface before the assembly of the liner 90 to the top portion 11 and skirt portion 12 of the closure 10. The antibacterial material may improve the food-hygiene performance of the closure 10, particularly if there is any risk of a liquid becoming trapped between the liner 90 and the remainder of the closure 10, either leaking from within the container 20 or leaking in from an external source. Optionally, a single material may be used between the liner 90 and the remainder of the closure 10 that functions as both a lubricant and an antibacterial.
In an arrangement, the liner 90 may be formed from a material that comprises at least one of a slip agent and an antibacterial material. Such an arrangement may provide some or all of the benefits discussed above for the provision of a lubricant and/or bacterial material between the liner 90 and the remainder of the closure 10. However, provision of such a material within the liner 90 may facilitate the manufacturing process.
Furthermore, provision of a slip agent within the liner 90 may reduce the friction between the liner 90 and the container 20. This may facilitate some movement of the liner 90 relative to the container 20, reducing the risk of squeaking and/or juddering when a user removes the closure 10 from a container 20, which may provide an unsatisfactory user experience.
Even with reduced friction between the liner and the rest of the closure 10 and/or between the liner 90 and the container 20, a relatively high torque may be needed to remove a closure 10 having a liner 90 that encapsulates the opening 23 of a container 20.
This may result in an unsatisfactory user experience. Therefore, the closure 10 may optionally be provided with a hand-engagement region 95 that makes it easier for the user to rotate the closure 10 relative to the container 20.
In an arrangement, the hand-engagement region 95 may be configured such that the static coefficient of friction between it and a human hand is greater than it would have been between the hand and the closure 10 without the provision of the hand-engagement region 95. Although such an arrangement does not reduce the actual torque required to remove a closure 10 from a container 20, the felt torque, namely the level of torque that it feels to the user that is required, may be reduced, for example because the increased friction between the closure and a hand means that the user does not have to grip the closure 10 as tightly to be able to impart the required torque, reducing effort for the user.
This beneficial effect may be particularly evident for a wide-mouthed container and corresponding closure. As previously explained, for such a container containing a carbonated beverage, the force between the closure 10 and the container 20 is greater than with a narrow-mouthed container. However, for such a container 20, the whole hand, including the palm of the hand, may engage with the closure 10, in contrast with a narrow-mouthed container in which it may only be the fingers that engage with the closure 20.
In an arrangement, the hand-engagement region 95 may be provided on the outside surface of the top portion 11 of the closure 10. Optionally the hand-engagement region 95 may cover the top portion 11 of the closure 10. Alternatively or additionally, the hand-engagement region may be provided on the outside surface of at least a part of the skirt portion 12 of the closure 10.

The hand-engagement region may include a layer of material provided on an outer surface of at least a part of the top portion 11 or the skirt portion 12 of the closure 10 that has a higher static coefficient of friction between it and a human hand than the material used to form the top portion and/or the skirt portion 12 of the closure 10.
For example at least a part of the top portion 11 or the skirt portion 12 of the closure 10 may be coated with an epoxy resin based lacquer or a non-BPA replacement equivalent.
Alternatively or additionally, the hand-engagement region may include the provision of a textured surface on, for example, the outer surface of at least a part of the skirt portion 12 of the closure 10.
Figures 18 and 19 schematically depict a container 70 and a corresponding closure 80 that are largely similar to the arrangements discussed above but have a variation in the arrangement of the thread portions. It will be appreciated that this arrangement of the thread portions may be combined with any of the variations discussed above.
In the arrangement shown, the container 70 has six thread portions. Three thread portions 71, 72, 73 on the side of the container 70 visible in Figure 18, provide a first, interrupted, thread. The remaining thread portions of the container 70, not visible in Figure 18, form a second interrupted thread. As shown, the thread portions of the container 70 are arranged such that none of the thread portions of the container forming the interrupted threads overlap another thread portion of the container 70. In other words no part of any one thread portion is arranged above a part of another thread portion, or above a part of a virtual thread formed by two or more other thread portions, in the direction of the opening axis.
Figure 19 depicts a closure 80 to be used in conjunction with the container 70 shown in Figure 18. As shown, in this arrangement, the closure 80 has thread portions that form two continuous threads 81, 82. When the closure 80 engages with the container 70, each of the continuous threads 81, 82 of the closure respectively engage with the thread portions that form one interrupted thread on the container 70.
Figure 20 depicts a side elevation of a top part of the container 70 depicted in Figure 18. In particular, Figure 20 depicts the thread portions 71, 72, 73 that form a single interrupted thread on the container 70. As shown, the lower edge of the thread portions 71, 72, 73 forming the interrupted threads of the container 70 extend in a direction along the thread at an oblique angle to the opening of the container 70. In an arrangement, the thread portions 71, 72, 73 forming each of the interrupted threads of the container 70 may be arranged to form a virtual helical thread. It will be appreciated that the continuous threads provided within the closure 80 are arranged at a corresponding angle.
It should also be appreciated that, although in the arrangements depicted in Figures 18 to 20, the container 70 has six thread portions arranged in such a way that the container 70 is provided with two interrupted threads, other arrangements may be used.
Specifically, the container 70 may be provided with thread portions that combine to form any number of interrupted threads and each interrupted thread may be formed of any plurality of thread portions.
In addition to the arrangement depicted in Figures 18 to 20, a convenient arrangement of a container 70 may have three interrupted threads, each formed of two thread portions. Alternatively, in a convenient arrangement, a container 70 may have a single interrupted thread formed of three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten thread portions. In each arrangement, the closure 80 may be provided with a continuous thread corresponding to each of the interrupted threads provided on the container 70.
Providing non-overlapping interrupted threads on the container 70 may enable the provision of an arrangement in which the friction between the thread portions of the container 70 and closure 80 are kept sufficiently low that removing the closure 80 from the container 70 does not become difficult for a user. Alternatively or additionally, the use of one or more interrupted threads on the container 70, namely arrangements having a substantial separation between the thread portions on the container 70 forming the interrupted thread, such as a separation significantly greater than the width of the thread portions, may ensure that additional pressure relief features need not be provided to permit excess gas pressure to pass the thread portions. Alternatively or additionally, providing non-overlapping interrupted threads may reduce the impact on a user drinking from the container of the presence of the thread portions on the container.
Alternatively or additionally, minimising the size of the thread portions formed on the container 70 may facilitate the manufacture of the container 70.

In an arrangement, the length of each of the thread portions of the container 70 in a direction along the thread may be approximately the same as the separation between adjacent thread portions. In such an arrangement, the total length of thread portion on the container 70 engaged with one of the continuous threads of a closure 80 connected to the container 70 would represent approximately 50% of the circumference of the container 70.
Such an arrangement may provide a good compromise between the desire to minimise the size of the thread portions on the container and the requirement to have sufficient engagement of thread portions that the material of the thread portions formed on the container maintains its integrity under the stresses imparted by the containment of a pressurised beverage within the container 70. In arrangements, the length of the thread portions of the container 70 in a direction along the thread and the separation between them may be configured such that the combined length of the thread portions is in a range of approximately 25% to 75% of the circumference of the container 70.
However, by combining a container 70 having one or more interrupted threads with a closure having corresponding continuous threads makes possible an arrangement in which the closure 80 must be rotated about the opening axis relative to the container 70 by a sufficiently large angle in order to remove the closure 80 that one can reduce the risk of an accidental removal of the closure 80 to an acceptable level.
In this respect, it should be appreciated that, although the thread portions of the container 70 are arranged such that none overlap another thread portion of the container, the thread portions of the closure 80 forming the one or more continuous threads may overlap in order to ensure that they are sufficiently long that the rotation required to remove the closure 80 from the container 70 is sufficiently large. For example, it may be desirable to ensure that the thread portions of the closure forming the continuous threads of the closure extend around at least half of the circumference of the closure.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 19, each of the thread portions 81, 82 forming respective continuous threads on the closure 80, extend almost a complete circumference of the closure 80.

Claims (19)

1. PCT/GB2022/051444i. A closure for a container, the container having a side surface and a rim that defines an opening and an opening axis that is perpendicular to the opening, the closure comprising:
   a top portion configured to cover the opening of the container; and a skirt portion, connected to the top portion and configured to surround an upper region of the side surface of a container when the closure is connected to the container;
   wherein the skirt portion comprises one or more thread portions configured to cooperate with one or more thread portions provided on the side surface of a container to define movement of the closure relative to the container in a direction parallel to the opening axis as the closure rotates about the opening axis relative to the container;
   the closure further comprises a liner that extends across the surface of the top portion of the closure and at least partway across the skirt portion away from the top portion; and the liner is configured to seal the opening of a container when the closure is connected to the container.
2. 2. A closure according to claim 1, wherein the liner includes a seal region configured such that, when the closure is connected to a container, the seal region forms a fluid-tight seal between the side surface of the container and the skirt portion of the closure.
3. 3. A closure according to claim 2, wherein the liner is configured such that, when the closure is connected to a container the seal region of the liner is not in contact with the rim of the container.
4. 4. A closure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the closure is configured such that, when the closure is connected to a container, the part of the liner extending across the surface of the top portion of the closure forms a liquid-tight seal against the rim of the container.
5. 5. A closure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the liner is integrally formed as a single component.
6. 6. A closure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the liner is formed from a cross-linked rubber.
7. 7. A closure according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a lubricant provided between the liner and at least one of the top portion and the skirt portion of the closure.
8. 8. A closure according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising an antibacterial material provided between the liner and at least one of the top portion and the skirt portion of the closure.
9. 9. A closure according to claim 7, wherein the lubricant comprises an antibacterial material.
10. 10. A closure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the material used to form the liner comprises at least one of a slip agent and an antibacterial material.
11. 11. A closure according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a hand-engagement region on an outer surface of the closure that is configured to have a higher static coefficient of friction between it and a human hand than an inner surface of the closure.
12. 12. A closure according to claim 11, wherein the hand-engagement region comprises a layer of material having a higher static coefficient of friction between it and a human hand than the material used to form the top portion and/or the skirt portion of the closure.
13. 13. A closure according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the hand-engagement region comprises a textured surface provided on at least part of the top portion and/or the skirt portion of the closure.
14. 14. A closure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the top portion and skirt portion are formed of a non-metallic material, optionally a plastic rnaterial.
15. 15. A closure according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the top portion and the skirt portion are formed of metal.
16. 16. A container for use with a closure according to any one of the preceding claims.
17. 17. A container and a closure comprising a closure according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
18. 18. The use of a container and closure according to claim 17 for containing a beverage.
19. 19. A method of filling a container with a beverage, comprising filling the container with a beverage and connecting a closure to an opening of the container, wherein the closure is a closure according to any one of claims 1 to 15.