CA3129921A1

CA3129921A1 - Contacts for a switching device

Info

Publication number: CA3129921A1
Application number: CA3129921A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Manvel Zakharian
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-02
Filing date: 2021-09-02
Publication date: 2023-03-02

Abstract

Contacts for a switching device is destined for the method of controlling power transmission to a load, which is described in the Canadian patent application N2 3,072,789. The technical solutions of the Canadian patent application N2 3,072,789 include an operating switching device and at least an additional switching device. The purposes (which are described in the Canadian patent application N2 3,072,789) can be achieved, if each of said switching devices realize steps of switching on and switching off in sequence. Otherwise, a load could be damaged. An adapter with input 220 V and output 120 V can be made with two switching devices. A customer can manually realize said steps of switching on and switching off in appropriate sequence. But, a customer can do a mistake during using them, and a load could be damaged. Said contacts for a switching device realize all necessary steps in appropriate sequence. The specification includes the descriptions of the slide switches and the rotary switches, in which said contacts are the electrical components. Said contacts comprise at least three conductive terminals and at least a movable conductor with the dimensions permitting simultaneous electrical connections with three of said conductive terminals.

Description

Patent Application of Manvel Zalcharian Nationality: Canadian 3812 Marquette Rue Laval, PQ , Canada, H7P 1S4 Inventor: Manvel Zalcharian CONTACTS FOR A SWITCHING DEVICE.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION.
The present invention relates to the electrical contacts of a switching device.
The common components of the slide switches (which are described in US
Patents Ng 2811593A, Ng 3,485,966 and N2 4,035,594) are a terminal board, a plurality of electrical terminals, a slidable conductor, a housing (having an opening) and an actuator. Some slide switches, existing in the market, made with the internal parts of the electrical terminals as a slide rail for a slidable conductor.
FIG-2 and FIG-3 of a rotary switch of US Patent N2 2,771,520 comprise a plurality of stationary flat contacts and a rotary contact arm adapted for successively engaging said contacts when the arm is rotated. The variable transformers and the variable resistors also have a rotary conductive contact. Most of variable resistors (existing presently in the market) made round-shaped with the following components: a flat resistive material, a dielectric body, three conductive terminals and a rotary conductive contact mechanically connected with a rotary axle. The conductive terminals and a flat resistive material are installed in the same side of a dielectric body.

The contacts of the existing switches can be used only for connecting and disconnecting electrical circuits, and their using without other technical means cannot realize the necessary steps in sequence for controlling power transmission to a load by the method described in the Canadian patent application N2 3,072,789 of the applicant.
The consequence of switching off (by existing contacts) a circuit, having inductance (having inductive reactance), is over-voltage with spark discharge or arc discharge which damage contacts of a switch, transfer material from one of two contacts to another contact (according to existing information). The technical solutions, which are described in the Canadian patent application N2 3,072,789, eliminate mentioned problem and several other problems (described in the specification of the patent application N2 3,072,789).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION.
Said contacts for a switching device is destined for the method of controlling power transmission to a load, which is described in the Canadian patent application N2 3,072,789.
The conception of the Canadian patent application N2 3,072,789 is following: controlling power transmission to a load from an additional circuit so that a current can be transferred from said additional circuit to an operating circuit (a circuit with a load) and vice versa from said operating circuit to said additional circuit. A voltage source can be a source of alternating current of 120 V, 60 Hz, or a source of alternating current of 240 V (60 Hz), or a source of alternating current of 220 V (50 Hz), or a source of alternating current of 380 V (50 Hz), etc. The technical solutions realizing

2 said conception permit interrupting current of a load without interrupting circuit of a power transmission to a load. A technical solution, illustrated in the present invention (by FIG.8), includes said contacts for a switching device (as claimed in claim 1) with the technical solution presented in the Canadian patent application Ng 3,072,789 (by FIG.2). Said technical solution (of the Canadian patent application Ng 3,072,789, presented in FIG.8) can properly functioning by realizing the necessary steps in sequence which are following:
1. Switching on a voltage source 1 (by a switching device 2, or without said switching device 2 by plug in a plug into a socket) when an additional switching device 7 is on;
2. Then, after a delay time, switching on an operating switching device 4, then switching off said additional switching device 7;

3. Switching on said additional switching device 7 before switching off said operating switching device 4.
Said contacts for a switching device, comprising three conductive terminals 1, 2 , 3 and a movable conductor 4 (see FIG.1, FIG.2 and FIG.3), realize the mentioned step 2 in the course of movement of said movable conductor

4 from the left to the right and realize the mentioned step 3 in the course of movement of said movable conductor 4 from the right to the left.
Consequently, said contacts for a switching device realize three additional steps which are: delay time; switching off (said additional switching device 7) after switching on (said operating switching device 4); switching on (said additional switching device 7) before switching off (said operating switching device 4). A chosen capacitor (described in the Canadian patent application Ng 3,072,789) and a switching device, with said contacts, permit: using an existing device (with input voltage 120 V or 110 V) in Europe (by plug in a plug into a socket 220 V) without a transformer and simultaneously improving power factor; to eliminate an over-voltage and its impact on transmission line (in the course of switching off said operating switching device 4); to protect an European socket and an existing device, by guaranteed limitation of maximal current (without using a fuse), in case of a breakage or a failure of an electric component inside of an existing device (with input voltage of 120 V or 110 V).
Half cycle (see FIG.1 of the Canadian patent application Ng 3,072,789) is sufficient for energizing a capacitor device 3 (see FIG.8) and said delay time (see step 2 above) can be 0,01 sec (for 50 Hz).
Duration of a transient phenomena for a power factor correction capacitor banks (during the energization of capacitor banks) is several tens of ms. As a consequence of a step of switching on a transformer, the value of a transient current may reach a value which is more than 8 times a nominal full-load current. Duration of transient phenomena is also several tens of ms. A resistance connected in series with a capacitor banks or with a transformer with a view to decrease in-rush current (during the energization of a capacitor banks or during the energization of a transformer) can decrease in-rush current to desirable level. But, then will be problem, because working connection (with a voltage source) for a capacitor banks and a transformer is parallel connection without a resistance.
An additional resistance connected in series with an additional switching device 7 (FIG.8) cannot be a source of constant heating, because sufficient delay time (in any cases) is no more than several tens of ms (see step 2 above). Said additional switching device 7 (FIG.8) can be immediately switched off (see step 2 above) after the expiration of said delay time. What is more, when said additional switching device 7 is an electronic switching device (for example a TRIAC), the internal resistance of said electronic switching device is sufficient for decreasing in-rush current to desirable level. A TRIAC Q4015L6, with working parameters 15 A and 400 V, can resist non repeat current with amplitude about 200 A.
An adapter with input 220 V, output 120 V and with a transformer has considerably more weight than an electronic adapter, but an electronic adapter is an adapter with more energy losses than an adapter with a transformer. Some components of an electronic adapter can not function during an acceptable interval of time without a cooling means. One can doubt that an electronic adapter can function (during an acceptable interval of time) in a case when temperature of environment is high, for example: in a country with high temperature of environment as Saudi Arabia.
A switching device with said contacts simplifies using an adapter (providing a desirable current without an energy losses practically) or simplifies a power transmission to an energy storing device which is functioning in accordance with the method of controlling power transmission to a load, described in the Canadian patent application Ng 3,072,789.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
FIG.1, FIG.2, FIG.3, FIG.4 and FIG.5 illustrate the realizations of said contacts with said conductive first 1, second 2, third 3 terminals and said movable conductor 4 (as claimed in claim 1). Said conductive terminals are installed on a dielectric panel 5 in which said first 1 and said third 3 conductive terminals are installed in the positions with an equal distances from said second conductive terminal 2.
FIG.7 and FIG.10 illustrate the realizations in which said first 1, second 2, third 3 conductive terminals and said movable conductor 4 are the electrical components of a slide switch with a dielectric actuator 7, the springs 8 and with a dielectric panel 5.
FIG.11 illustrates said contacts having said first 1, second 2, third 3 conductive terminals, said movable conductor 4, the supplementary conductive terminals IS, 2S, the five additional conductive terminals 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A and an additional movable conductor 4-1.
FIG.12, FIG.13, FIG.14, FIG.15 and FIG.16 illustrate the realizations in which said contacts (having said first 1, second 2, third 3 conductive terminals and said movable conductor 4) are the electrical components of a rotary switch.
FIG.12 illustrates the simultaneous electrical connections of said first 1, second 2 and third 3 conductive terminals with said movable conductor 4.
FIG.1 illustrates the left position of said movable conductor 4.
FIG.2 illustrates the average position of said movable conductor 4.
FIG.3 illustrates the right position of said movable conductor 4.

FIG.4 illustrates said conductive terminals 1, 2 and 3 with an opening 6 in each of them.
FIG.5 illustrates said conductive terminals 1, 2 and 3 with a round shape.
FIG.6-1 and FIG.6-2 illustrate the examples in which said conductive terminal 1 is a slide rail for said movable conductor 4.
FIG.7 is vertical section through an opening 9 of a housing. A slide switch, presently existing in the market, has a housing similar to the housing of the slide switch of US patent N2 3,485,966 (see FIG.1 of the US patent N2 3,485,966).
FIG.8 illustrates said contacts having said conductive terminals 1, 2 , 3 (as claimed in claim 1) and the technical solution presented in the Canadian patent application N2 3,072,789 (by FIG.2).
FIG.9 illustrates said contacts having two supplementary conductive terminals IS and 2S.
FIG.10 illustrates said contacts having said first 1, second 2, third 3 conductive terminals, said movable conductor 4, an additional movable conductor 4A and three additional conductive terminals (1A, 2A and 3A) which are the electrical components of a slide switch with a dielectric actuator 7 for simultaneous moving: said movable conductor 4 and said additional movable conductor 4A. Said additional conductive terminals 1A, 2A and 3A are installed symmetrically on said dielectric panel 5. Therefore, the front view and the back view are similar. The front view includes said first 1, second 2 and third 3 conductive terminals. The back view includes said additional conductive terminals 1A, 2A and 3A.
FIG.12, FIG.13, FIG.14, FIG.15 and FIG.16 illustrate the realizations in which said movable conductor 4 and said conductive terminals are the electrical components of a rotary switch having a dielectric body 12, an arm mechanically connected with said movable conductor 4 and mechanically connected with a rotary axle 11. Said movable conductor 4 and arm 10 can be made as one component: said movable conductor 4 with a shape including a shape of said arm. All of said conductive terminals are installed around a circle of said dielectric body 12. Said dielectric body 12 can be made round-shaped, ring-shaped or cylindrical-shaped. One side of each of said conductive terminals (providing an electrical connection with said movable conductor 4) has a flat shape. One side of said movable conductor 4 (providing the electrical connections with each of said terminals) has also a flat shape. Other side of each of said conductive terminals can be made with an opening (similar to the opening 6 presented in Fig 8), or can be made with the appropriate dimensions for a female wire connector.
FIG.12 illustrates the simultaneous electrical connections of said first 1, second 2 and third 3 conductive terminals with said movable conductor 4 (which is in the middle position). Said not flat part and flat part of each of said conductive terminals are installed on the opposite sides of said dielectric body 12. But, said flat part and not flat part of each of said conductive terminals can be also installed on the same side similar to an installation of the terminals of a variable resistor (existing long time in the market: see above). Said rotary axle 11 also can be made similar to a rotary axle of said variable resistor.
FIG.13, FIG.14 and FIG.15 illustrate said contacts having two supplementary conductive terminals IS and 2S which are electrically insulated from said conductive terminals 1 and 3 respectively and all of said conductive terminals 1, 2, 3, IS and 2S are installed around a circle with an equal distance from each of them to the next terminal.
FIG.13 illustrates the left position of said movable conductor 4.
FIG.14 illustrates the middle position of said movable conductor 4.
FIG.15 illustrates the right position of said movable conductor 4.
FIG.16 illustrates the simultaneous electrical connections of said first 1, second 2 and third 3 conductive terminals with said movable conductor 4 (which is in the middle position) and a working unit with three additional conductive terminals of said unit, first additional terminal of said unit 1A, second additional terminal of said unit 2A and third said additional terminal 3A of said unit. All of said terminals are installed around a circle with an equal distance from each of them to the next terminal.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION.
The technical solutions of the Canadian patent application Ng 3,072,789 include an operating switching device 4 and at least an additional switching device 7 (see FIG.8). The described above purposes (of the Canadian patent application Ng 3,072,789) can be achieved, if each of said switching devices realize steps of switching on and switching off in sequence (which are mentioned above). Otherwise, a load 6 (see FIG.8) could be damaged.
Concretely, said load 6 could be damaged, if said switching device 4 and said additional switching device 7 realize simultaneously step of switching on, or if said additional switching device 7 realize said step of switching off before switching on said operating switching device 4. The purpose of the elimination of an over-voltage cannot be achieved, if said operating switching device 4 realize said step of switching off before switching on said additional switching device 7. An adapter with input 220 V and output 120 V can be made with the switching devices 4 and 7. A customer can manually realize said steps of switching on and switching off in appropriate sequence (see above or see claim 1 of the Canadian patent application Ng 3,072,789). But, a customer can do a mistake during using them, and a load 6 could be damaged. A switching device with said contacts (as claimed in claim 1) can realize said steps of switching on and switching off (said switching devices 4 and 7) in appropriate sequence. The electrical connections (for realizing said steps in appropriate sequence) are following: said first 1, second 2 and third 3 conductive terminals must be connected to (circuit points) B, T2, and C respectively (see FIG.8), or must be connected to (circuit points) B, T2 and to the bridge rectifier 5 respectively (see FIG.5 of the he Canadian patent application Ng 3,072,789).
FIG.2 demonstrates said movable conductor 4 with the dimensions permitting simultaneous electrical connections with three of said conductive terminals 1, 2 and 3. In a moment of switching on a voltage source 1 (by a switch 2: see FIG.8), said movable conductor 4 is in the position presented in FIG.1. This position provides parallel connection of a capacitor device 3 with said voltage source 1, and a circuit of a load 6 is off. Step of moving said movable conductor 4 from the position presented in FIG.1 to the position presented in FIG.2 provide simultaneously: sufficient delay time:
more than 0,01 sec (see above); the connection of said capacitor device 3 to said circuit of said load 6. Therefore, a customer can realize appropriate sequence of steps by moving said movable conductor 4 from the left position (see FIG.1) to the right position (see FIG.3) by using said dielectric actuator 7 (see FIG.7 and FIG.10). A customer can realize the appropriate sequence of steps (when the customer decides to switch off the load 6) by moving said movable conductor 4 from the right position (see FIG.3) to the left position (see FIG.1), because this movement provides parallel connection of said capacitor device 3 with the voltage source 1, before disconnecting the circuit of said load 6. Therefore, the purpose of the elimination of an over-voltage will be achieved.
One side of each of said conductive terminals 1, 2 and 3 can have different shape: a flat shape (with the dimensions appropriate for a female wire connector: see FIG.1), a flat shape with an opening 6 (see FIG.4) and a round-shape (with a diameter no more than diameter of a hole of a printed board: see FIG.5). Other side of each of said conductive terminals 1, 2 and 3 (providing electrical connection with said movable conductor 4) can have a flat shape (see Fig.7 with Fig.16). One side of said movable conductor 4 (providing electrical connection with each of said terminals 1, 2 and 3) can have also a flat shape (see Fig.7 and Fig.16). Said movable conductor 4 can be pressed by at leas a spring 8 (see Fig.7).
FIG.6-1 and FIG.6-2 illustrate the examples when one side of each of said conductive terminals 1, 2 and 3 (providing electrical connection with said movable conductor 4) made as a slide rail for said movable conductor 4. A

shape of said conductive terminals 2 and 3 are similar to a shape of said conductive terminal 1.
One side of said conductive terminals 1, 2, 3 and said supplementary conductive terminals 1S and 2S can be made as a slide rail for said movable conductor 4 (see FIG.9 with FIG.6-1 and FIG.6-2), or they can be made flat inside of a slide switch (see Fig.7). Said supplementary conductive terminal IS with said conductive terminal 1 or said supplementary conductive terminal 2S with said conductive terminal 3 can be used for triggering functioning the additional means, for example a timer, a voice instruction, etc.
A slide switch can be made with said contacts comprising said conductive terminals 1, 2, 3, said movable conductor 4, said additional conductive terminals 1A, 2A, 3A and said additional movable conductor 4A (see FIG.
10). Said dielectric actuator 7 permits simultaneously moving said movable conductor 4 and said additional movable conductor 4A. Therefore, said additional conductive terminals 1A, 2A, 3A can be used for switching on and switching off a second additional switching device 9 of the technical solutions presented in the Canadian patent application Ng 3,072,789 (by FIG.3 and FIG.12).
A slide switch (similar to the slide switch presented in FIG.10) can be made with said contacts (see FIG.11) comprising said conductive terminals 1, 2, 3, said movable conductor 4, said supplementary conductive terminals IS, 2S, said five additional conductive terminals 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A and said additional movable conductor 4-1. Said movable conductor 4 and said additional movable conductor 4A can be simultaneously moved by a dielectric actuator similar to said dielectric actuator 7 (see FIG.10).

Said contacts, comprising said conductive terminals 1, 2, 3 and said movable conductor 4, can be the electrical components of a rotary switch (see FIG.12) having an arm 10 which is connected mechanically to a rotary axle 11. The left position of said movable conductor 4 is similar to the position presented in FIG.13. The right position of said movable conductor 4 is similar to the position presented in FIG.15. One can realize the appropriate sequence of steps (which are necessary for switching on a load 6: see FIG.8), by moving said movable conductor 4 from the left position to the right position by using a dielectric actuator mechanically connected with a rotary axle 11. A dielectric actuator is a component of the existing rotary switches. One can realize the appropriate sequence of steps (which are necessary for switching off a load 6) by moving said movable conductor 4 from the right position to the left position.
Said contacts, comprising said conductive terminals 1, 2, 3, said supplementary conductive terminals IS, 2S and said movable conductor 4, can be the electrical components of a rotary switch (see FIG.13, FIG.14 and FIG.15). One can realize the appropriate sequence of steps (which are necessary for switching on a load 6: FIG.8) by moving said movable conductor 4 from the left position (see FIG.13) to the right position (see FIG.15). One can realize the appropriate sequence of steps (which are necessary for switching off the load 6) by moving said movable conductor 4 from the right position (see FIG.15) to the left position (see FIG.13).
FIG.16 demonstrates said contacts comprising said conductive terminals 1, 2, 3, said movable conductor 4 and three additional conductive terminals (1A, 2A and 3A) of a working unit, in which said additional conductive terminals can be used for connecting and disconnecting a second load by repeating said appropriate sequence of steps (described above) and by using second capacitor device and electrically connecting it to a second electrical circuit which can be "a copy" of the technical solution presented by FIG.8. Said movable conductor 4 can realize the necessary steps in sequence (which are mentioned above) for connecting and disconnecting said second load by moving said movable conductor 4 clockwise and counterclockwise. A load 6 and said second load can be connected and disconnected when an axle 11 is rotated clockwise. The frequency of said connection and disconnection can be changed by changing a speed of rotation of an axle 11.

Claims

Further modifications of the invention herein disclosed will occur to persons skilled in the art and all such modifications are deemed to be within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
What is claimed is:

1. Contacts for a switching device comprising at least three conductive terminals, said first conductive terminal, said second conductive terminal and said third conductive terminal, which are electrically insulated from one another and at least a movable conductor with the dimensions permitting simultaneous electrical connections with three of said conductive terminals.

2. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 1 in which said first and third conductive terminals are installed in positions with the equal distances from said second conductive terminal and said movable conductor provides connection and disconnection electrically with said first and with said third conductive terminals within two directional movement.

3. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 1 in which each of said conductive terminals has an opening from one side and other side is a slide rail for said movable conductor.

4. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 1 in which one side of each of said conductive terminals has a flat shape and one side of said movable conductor is flat.

5. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 1 in which one side of each of said conductive terminals has a round shape with diameter no more than diameter of a hole of a printed board, other side is a slide rail for said movable conductor or other side has a flat shape.

6. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 1 in which said movable conductor is pressed by at least a spring.

7. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 1 in which said movable conductor and said conductive terminals are the electrical components of a slide switch with the dimensions sufficient for two directional movement of said movable conductor.

8. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 1 further comprising two supplementary conductive terminals, said first supplementary conductive terminal and said second supplementary conductive terminal, which are electrically insulated from others terminals and which are installed in the same geometrical line as said first, second and third conductive terminals.

9. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 2 further comprising at least three additional conductive terminals, said first additional conductive terminal, said second additional conductive terminal, said third additional conductive terminal, which are electrically insulated from one another, and at least an additional movable conductor with the dimensions permitting simultaneous electrical connections with three of said additional conductive terminals and permitting connecting and disconnecting electrically said first additional conductive terminal and said third additional conductive terminal within two directional movement.

10. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 9 further comprising a dielectric actuator for simultaneous moving said movable conductor and said additional movable conductor.

11. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 8 further comprising at least five additional conductive terminals, said first additional conductive terminal, said second additional conductive terminal, said third additional conductive terminal, said fourth additional conductive terminal, said fifth additional conductive terminal, and an additional movable conductor with the dimensions permitting simultaneous electrical connections with three of said additional conductive terminals and permitting connecting and disconnecting electrically said first additional conductive terminal and said fifth additional conductive terminal within two directional movement.

12. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 11 further comprising a dielectric actuator for simultaneous moving said movable conductor and said additional movable conductor.

13. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 1 in which said movable conductor and said conductive terminals are the electrical components of a rotary switch.

14. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 13 comprising at least two supplementary conductive terminals, said first supplementary conductive terminal and said second supplementary conductive terminal, which are electrically insulated from others terminals, and all of said conductive terminals are installed around a circle with an equal distance from each of them to the neA terminal.

15. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 13 further comprising at least a working unit with three additional conductive terminals in said unit, said first additional conductive terminal of said unit, said second additional conductive terminal of said unit and said third additional conductive terminal of said unit.

16. Contacts for a switching device as claimed in claim 15 in which all of said terminals are installed around a circle with an equal distance from each of them to the next terminal.