CA3033130A1 - Polymat shingle - Google Patents
Polymat shingle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA3033130A1 CA3033130A1 CA3033130A CA3033130A CA3033130A1 CA 3033130 A1 CA3033130 A1 CA 3033130A1 CA 3033130 A CA3033130 A CA 3033130A CA 3033130 A CA3033130 A CA 3033130A CA 3033130 A1 CA3033130 A1 CA 3033130A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- asphalt
- polyester
- fire retardant
- liquid
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 218
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMINFSMURORWKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dioxabicyclo[6.2.2]dodeca-1(10),8,11-triene-2,7-dione Chemical compound O=C1OCCOC(=O)C2=CC=C1C=C2 MMINFSMURORWKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000233805 Phoenix Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001668 ameliorated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007652 sheet-forming process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N5/00—Roofing materials comprising a fibrous web coated with bitumen or another polymer, e.g. pitch
- D06N5/003—Roofing materials comprising a fibrous web coated with bitumen or another polymer, e.g. pitch coated with bitumen
- D06N5/006—Roofing materials comprising a fibrous web coated with bitumen or another polymer, e.g. pitch coated with bitumen characterised by the means to apply it to a support or to another roofing membrane, e.g. self-adhesive layer or strip
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/16—Flocking otherwise than by spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/12—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/02—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber
- B05D7/04—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber to surfaces of films or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B11/00—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
- B32B11/10—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
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- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/105—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by needling
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N5/00—Roofing materials comprising a fibrous web coated with bitumen or another polymer, e.g. pitch
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
- E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/26—Strip-shaped roofing elements simulating a repetitive pattern, e.g. appearing as a row of shingles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/28—Roofing elements comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2201/00—Polymeric substrate or laminate
- B05D2201/02—Polymeric substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2252/00—Sheets
- B05D2252/02—Sheets of indefinite length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B05D2401/00—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like
- B05D2401/30—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant
- B05D2401/32—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant applied as powders
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- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
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- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- B32B2250/03—3 layers
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- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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- C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- E04D2001/005—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements the roofing elements having a granulated surface
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Abstract
Disclosed is a shingle that uses a polyester sheet as a substrate layer. The polyester sheet has a sufficient weight and is needled and formed from two layers to resist shrinking upon cooling after the heated asphalt layers are applied to the polyester substrate sheet 102. In addition, additives may be included in the asphalt to lower the softening point temperature of the asphalt that further reduces shrinking of the polyester substrate 102 or allows other polymers that are more fire retardant to be used. Fire retardants can be placed in the polyester sheet fibers, placed in the bonding agent for the polyester fibers, or the polyester sheet can be coated with the fire retardant. Alternatively, or in addition to treating the polyester sheet 102 with fire retardant, fire retardant materials such as ammonium sulfate can be added to the liquid asphalt prior to application of the asphalt layers.
Description
POLYMAT SHINGLE
Cross-Reference to Related Application [0001] This Non-Provisional patent application claims the benefit of the Provisional U.S.
Patent Application Number 62/628,141, entitled "Polymat Shingle," which was filed with the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office on February 8, 2018, which is specifically incorporated herein by reference for all that it discloses and teaches.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Cross-Reference to Related Application [0001] This Non-Provisional patent application claims the benefit of the Provisional U.S.
Patent Application Number 62/628,141, entitled "Polymat Shingle," which was filed with the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office on February 8, 2018, which is specifically incorporated herein by reference for all that it discloses and teaches.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Shingle technology has advanced greatly over the past few decades.
Roof shingles provide protection for houses and buildings to prevent leakage of rain water into the interior of the building. Various types of materials have been used to make shingles including asphalt and other materials.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Roof shingles provide protection for houses and buildings to prevent leakage of rain water into the interior of the building. Various types of materials have been used to make shingles including asphalt and other materials.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0003] An embodiment of the present invention may therefore comprise a method of making a roofing shingle comprising: forming a non-woven polyester sheet having a mass of at least 65 grams per square meter; coating the non-woven polyester sheet with a fire retardant; heating asphalt to a liquid state; applying the asphalt in the liquid state to a first side of the polyester sheet and to a second side of the polyester sheet;
allowing the asphalt to cool in ambient air.
allowing the asphalt to cool in ambient air.
[0004] The present invention may further comprise a method of making an impact resistant roofing shingle comprising: forming a porous polyester sheet having a mass of at least 65 grams per square meter that is made from a plurality of extruded viscoelastic polyester fibers that are entangled using a needle punch process and fused together using heat and pressure; heating asphalt to a liquid state to create liquid asphalt;
mixing a fire retardant with the liquid asphalt to form a fire retardant asphalt; applying the fire retardant asphalt to both a top surface and a bottom surface of the porous polyester sheet;
applying granules and fines to the fire retardant asphalt to form a shingle material.
100051 The present invention may further comprise a method of making an impact resistant and fire retardant roofing material comprising: mixing polyester and a fire retardant in a dry state; heating the polyester and the fire retardant to form a fire retardant and polyester liquid; extruding the fire retardant polyester liquid to form a plurality of extruded fire retardant polyester fibers; entangling the resulting fire retardant polyester fibers through a needle punch process to create at least one layer of intertwined, non-woven, polyester fibers;
calendering the at least one layer of intertwined, non-woven, polyester layer by passing the polyester layer through a heated calender roll to form a porous fire retardant polyester sheet;
heating asphalt to a liquid state to create liquid asphalt; applying the liquid asphalt to both a top surface and a bottom surface of the porous, fire retardant polyester sheet; applying granules and fines to the asphalt to form the impact resistant roofing material.
100061 The present invention may further comprise a system for making an impact resistant polyester roofing shingle comprising: a non-woven, two layer polyester sheet that is made from a plurality of extruded polyester fibers that are entangled in a needle punch process and fused together by passing the polyester layer through heated calender rolls to form a porous polyester sheet; a heated asphalt mixer that mixes a fire retardant material with a heated, liquid asphalt to create a fire retardant liquid asphalt; coaters that coat the non-woven, two layer polyester sheet with the fire retardant liquid asphalt on both a top surface and a bottom surface of the non-woven, two layer polyester sheet to form an asphalt coated polyester sheet; a granule applicator that applies granules to the asphalt coated polyester sheet; a fines applicator that applies fines to the asphalt coated polyester sheet.
[00071 The present invention may further comprise a system for making an impact resistant polyester roofing shingle material comprising: a mixer that mixes polyester with a fire retardant to form a fire retardant, polyester dry mix; an extruder that heats the fire retardant, polyester dry mix to form a fire retardant, polyester liquid; a metering pump and spinneret system that extrudes the fire retardant, polyester liquid to form a plurality of extruded fire retardant polyester fibers; a needling machine that entangles the fire retardant polyester fibers to create at least one layer of intertwined, non-woven, polyester fibers; a calender roll process that compresses and heats the layer of entangled, non-woven, polyester fibers to form a porous polyester sheet; coaters that coat the porous polyester sheet with liquid asphalt.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] Figure 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a shingle of the present invention.
[0009] Figure 2A is an exploded view of the shingle of Figure 1.
[0010] Figure 2B is an exploded view of a laminated shingle.
[0011] Figure 3 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a polyester sheet forming process.
[0012] Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a shingle forming apparatus.
[0013] Figure 5 illustrates a polymat fabrication system.
[0014] Figure 6 illustrates a shingle making apparatus.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0015] Figure 1 is a sectional view of a shingle 100 that comprises an embodiment of the present invention. Shingle 100 has a polyester sheet 102, which forms a substrate that is coated with a first asphalt layer 104 on a first side of the polyester sheet 102, and a second asphalt layer 106 on a second side (bottom) of the polyester sheet 102.
Granules 103 are placed on the surface of the asphalt layer 104. Fines 105 are placed on the asphalt layer 106.
The asphalt layers 104, 106 can be sprayed onto the polyester sheet 102 during formation of the shingle 100. The asphalt in the asphalt layers 104, 106 is heated until the asphalt is in a liquid state so that the asphalt layers 104 and 106 are absorbed into the polyester sheet 102, which is porous. In this manner, the asphalt layers 104, 106 are tightly adhered to the polyester sheet 102.
[0016] The polyester sheet 102 provides impact resistance for the shingle.
Damage to standard shingles that use fiberglass substrates occurs since the fiberglass is brittle and breaks when impacted by an object such as a hail stone. When the fiberglass substrate is broken the structural integrity of the shingle is compromised. The use of a polyester substrate, which is malleable and can deflect impact stress without breaking, provides a high degree of impact resistance. Of course, a sufficient thickness of non-woven fused polyester sheet material must be used to provide an adequate substrate. In that regard, a thickness of at least 65 grams per square meter must be utilized to provide an adequate non-woven polyester substrate that is capable of providing sufficient impact resistance to maintain the structural integrity of the shingle for impacts normally encountered by shingles. Various patents have addressed the issue of impact resistance, such as U.S. Patent 5,571,596, U.S. Patent 6,228,785, U.S. Patent 6,709,994, U.S. Patent 7,442,658, U.S. Patent 7,670,668, U.S. Patent 8,226,790, U.S. Patent 9,010,058, all of which are specifically incorporated herein by reference for all that they disclose and teach. Further, polyester mat substrates have been mentioned in U.S. Patent Publication 2015/0240494 but does not address the manner in which various problems, such as shrinkage, can be overcome. U.S. Patent 6,207,593 discloses an asphalt coated mat and U.S. Patent 4,287,248 discloses a bituminized roof sheet.
[0017] In some cases, the polyester sheet 102 may have a tendency to shrink slightly when cooling after the hot liquid asphalt of the asphalt layers 104, 106 is applied to the polyester sheet 102. This can be ameliorated by using a double thickness polyester layer as the polyester sheet 102, as disclosed in greater detail in Figure 3. In addition, certain additives can be mixed with the asphalt that forms the asphalt layers 104, 106 to lower the equiviscous temperature at which the asphalt must be applied. Of course, the lower the temperature, the less heat that is applied to the polyester sheet 102 and the less shrinkage there is in the polyester sheet 102. In addition, the shingle forming machine, such as illustrated in the block diagram of Figure 4, is constructed so that the shingles are not subjected to a large pulling force during and after application of the hot asphalt, which can stretch the polyester sheet 102. Accordingly, the shingle forming process, disclosed in figure 4, can be designed to minimize the pulling forces used on the polyester sheets 142 after the polyester sheets 142 have been coated with asphalt.
[0018] Essentially, the pulling forces can be minimized during and after the application of the asphalt to the polyester sheets by operating the rollers located in the feeder 142 that advances the polyester sheets and the rollers that advance the polyester rolls in the feeder 143 so that they spin slightly faster than the rollers that advance the polyester sheets and/or polyester roll material through the asphalt top coater 144 and the asphalt bottom coater 146, as well as the granule applicator 156 and the fines applicator 160. When operating at high production speeds, there tends to be more pulling and as a result, more stretching of the heated polyester sheets. To ameliorate this problem, operating the rollers and the feeders 142,
mixing a fire retardant with the liquid asphalt to form a fire retardant asphalt; applying the fire retardant asphalt to both a top surface and a bottom surface of the porous polyester sheet;
applying granules and fines to the fire retardant asphalt to form a shingle material.
100051 The present invention may further comprise a method of making an impact resistant and fire retardant roofing material comprising: mixing polyester and a fire retardant in a dry state; heating the polyester and the fire retardant to form a fire retardant and polyester liquid; extruding the fire retardant polyester liquid to form a plurality of extruded fire retardant polyester fibers; entangling the resulting fire retardant polyester fibers through a needle punch process to create at least one layer of intertwined, non-woven, polyester fibers;
calendering the at least one layer of intertwined, non-woven, polyester layer by passing the polyester layer through a heated calender roll to form a porous fire retardant polyester sheet;
heating asphalt to a liquid state to create liquid asphalt; applying the liquid asphalt to both a top surface and a bottom surface of the porous, fire retardant polyester sheet; applying granules and fines to the asphalt to form the impact resistant roofing material.
100061 The present invention may further comprise a system for making an impact resistant polyester roofing shingle comprising: a non-woven, two layer polyester sheet that is made from a plurality of extruded polyester fibers that are entangled in a needle punch process and fused together by passing the polyester layer through heated calender rolls to form a porous polyester sheet; a heated asphalt mixer that mixes a fire retardant material with a heated, liquid asphalt to create a fire retardant liquid asphalt; coaters that coat the non-woven, two layer polyester sheet with the fire retardant liquid asphalt on both a top surface and a bottom surface of the non-woven, two layer polyester sheet to form an asphalt coated polyester sheet; a granule applicator that applies granules to the asphalt coated polyester sheet; a fines applicator that applies fines to the asphalt coated polyester sheet.
[00071 The present invention may further comprise a system for making an impact resistant polyester roofing shingle material comprising: a mixer that mixes polyester with a fire retardant to form a fire retardant, polyester dry mix; an extruder that heats the fire retardant, polyester dry mix to form a fire retardant, polyester liquid; a metering pump and spinneret system that extrudes the fire retardant, polyester liquid to form a plurality of extruded fire retardant polyester fibers; a needling machine that entangles the fire retardant polyester fibers to create at least one layer of intertwined, non-woven, polyester fibers; a calender roll process that compresses and heats the layer of entangled, non-woven, polyester fibers to form a porous polyester sheet; coaters that coat the porous polyester sheet with liquid asphalt.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] Figure 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a shingle of the present invention.
[0009] Figure 2A is an exploded view of the shingle of Figure 1.
[0010] Figure 2B is an exploded view of a laminated shingle.
[0011] Figure 3 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a polyester sheet forming process.
[0012] Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a shingle forming apparatus.
[0013] Figure 5 illustrates a polymat fabrication system.
[0014] Figure 6 illustrates a shingle making apparatus.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0015] Figure 1 is a sectional view of a shingle 100 that comprises an embodiment of the present invention. Shingle 100 has a polyester sheet 102, which forms a substrate that is coated with a first asphalt layer 104 on a first side of the polyester sheet 102, and a second asphalt layer 106 on a second side (bottom) of the polyester sheet 102.
Granules 103 are placed on the surface of the asphalt layer 104. Fines 105 are placed on the asphalt layer 106.
The asphalt layers 104, 106 can be sprayed onto the polyester sheet 102 during formation of the shingle 100. The asphalt in the asphalt layers 104, 106 is heated until the asphalt is in a liquid state so that the asphalt layers 104 and 106 are absorbed into the polyester sheet 102, which is porous. In this manner, the asphalt layers 104, 106 are tightly adhered to the polyester sheet 102.
[0016] The polyester sheet 102 provides impact resistance for the shingle.
Damage to standard shingles that use fiberglass substrates occurs since the fiberglass is brittle and breaks when impacted by an object such as a hail stone. When the fiberglass substrate is broken the structural integrity of the shingle is compromised. The use of a polyester substrate, which is malleable and can deflect impact stress without breaking, provides a high degree of impact resistance. Of course, a sufficient thickness of non-woven fused polyester sheet material must be used to provide an adequate substrate. In that regard, a thickness of at least 65 grams per square meter must be utilized to provide an adequate non-woven polyester substrate that is capable of providing sufficient impact resistance to maintain the structural integrity of the shingle for impacts normally encountered by shingles. Various patents have addressed the issue of impact resistance, such as U.S. Patent 5,571,596, U.S. Patent 6,228,785, U.S. Patent 6,709,994, U.S. Patent 7,442,658, U.S. Patent 7,670,668, U.S. Patent 8,226,790, U.S. Patent 9,010,058, all of which are specifically incorporated herein by reference for all that they disclose and teach. Further, polyester mat substrates have been mentioned in U.S. Patent Publication 2015/0240494 but does not address the manner in which various problems, such as shrinkage, can be overcome. U.S. Patent 6,207,593 discloses an asphalt coated mat and U.S. Patent 4,287,248 discloses a bituminized roof sheet.
[0017] In some cases, the polyester sheet 102 may have a tendency to shrink slightly when cooling after the hot liquid asphalt of the asphalt layers 104, 106 is applied to the polyester sheet 102. This can be ameliorated by using a double thickness polyester layer as the polyester sheet 102, as disclosed in greater detail in Figure 3. In addition, certain additives can be mixed with the asphalt that forms the asphalt layers 104, 106 to lower the equiviscous temperature at which the asphalt must be applied. Of course, the lower the temperature, the less heat that is applied to the polyester sheet 102 and the less shrinkage there is in the polyester sheet 102. In addition, the shingle forming machine, such as illustrated in the block diagram of Figure 4, is constructed so that the shingles are not subjected to a large pulling force during and after application of the hot asphalt, which can stretch the polyester sheet 102. Accordingly, the shingle forming process, disclosed in figure 4, can be designed to minimize the pulling forces used on the polyester sheets 142 after the polyester sheets 142 have been coated with asphalt.
[0018] Essentially, the pulling forces can be minimized during and after the application of the asphalt to the polyester sheets by operating the rollers located in the feeder 142 that advances the polyester sheets and the rollers that advance the polyester rolls in the feeder 143 so that they spin slightly faster than the rollers that advance the polyester sheets and/or polyester roll material through the asphalt top coater 144 and the asphalt bottom coater 146, as well as the granule applicator 156 and the fines applicator 160. When operating at high production speeds, there tends to be more pulling and as a result, more stretching of the heated polyester sheets. To ameliorate this problem, operating the rollers and the feeders 142,
5 143 just slightly faster tends to push the polyester sheets and polyester roll material through the asphalt top coater 144, asphalt bottom coater 146, granule applicator 156 and fines applicator 160, so that there is less pulling of the polyester sheets and, consequently, less lateral shrinkage of the polyester sheets. In addition, and as disclosed below, additives can be used to adjust the softening point temperature, softness and other parameters of the asphalt, so that the asphalt is applied by the asphalt top coater 144 (Figure 4) and the asphalt bottom coater 146 (Figure 4) at a lower temperature, which causes less shrinking as a polyester sheet is cooled with the asphalt coating. This is disclosed in more detail below with respect to the description of Figure 4.
[0019] Figure 2A is an exploded diagram of the shingle 100 of Figure 1. As illustrated in Figure 2, the asphalt layer 104 is positioned on one side of the polyester sheet 102, while asphalt layer 106 is positioned on the other side of the polyester sheet 102.
Again, the asphalt layers 104, 106 are tightly adhered to the porous polyester sheet 102, since the asphalt layers 104, 106 are applied to the porous polyester sheet 102 in a liquid form, which is absorbed by the polyester sheet 102. After the shingle 100 is formed, the cuts 107 are formed in the assembled shingle.
[0020] Figure 2B is an exploded diagram of a laminated shingle 101. As shown in Figure 2B, the backer layer consists of an asphalt layer 166, a polyester layer 168 and an asphalt layer 170. In other words, the polyester layer 168 is covered on both the front and the back by asphalt layers 166, 170, respectively. The overlay layer of the laminated shingle 101 consists of an asphalt layer 172, a polyester layer 174 and an asphalt layer 176.
Polyester layer 174 is therefore covered on both sides by asphalt layer 172 and asphalt layer 176.
[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of the process 107 for forming the polyester sheets that are used in the shingle 100. As illustrated in Figure 3, polyester chips 108 as well as a fire retardant 109, are heated and mixed at step 110. In this manner, the polyester is combined with the fire retardant 109 prior to being extruded at step 112.
Another fire retardant material is Cel-Span FR 789. Cel-Span FR 789 chips are available from Phoenix Plastics of Houston, Texas. Cel-Span FR 789 is a flame retardant concentrate specifically designed and tailored for polyester fibers. Thermoplastic polyester fibers produced from Cel-Span FR 789 and converted into needle punch fabric meet both NPFA 702 vertical burn testing, and at lower levels, horizontal burn testing. The Cel-Span FR 789 concentrate is designed to be compounded directly with SSP polyester fiber chips to produce fine denier
[0019] Figure 2A is an exploded diagram of the shingle 100 of Figure 1. As illustrated in Figure 2, the asphalt layer 104 is positioned on one side of the polyester sheet 102, while asphalt layer 106 is positioned on the other side of the polyester sheet 102.
Again, the asphalt layers 104, 106 are tightly adhered to the porous polyester sheet 102, since the asphalt layers 104, 106 are applied to the porous polyester sheet 102 in a liquid form, which is absorbed by the polyester sheet 102. After the shingle 100 is formed, the cuts 107 are formed in the assembled shingle.
[0020] Figure 2B is an exploded diagram of a laminated shingle 101. As shown in Figure 2B, the backer layer consists of an asphalt layer 166, a polyester layer 168 and an asphalt layer 170. In other words, the polyester layer 168 is covered on both the front and the back by asphalt layers 166, 170, respectively. The overlay layer of the laminated shingle 101 consists of an asphalt layer 172, a polyester layer 174 and an asphalt layer 176.
Polyester layer 174 is therefore covered on both sides by asphalt layer 172 and asphalt layer 176.
[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of the process 107 for forming the polyester sheets that are used in the shingle 100. As illustrated in Figure 3, polyester chips 108 as well as a fire retardant 109, are heated and mixed at step 110. In this manner, the polyester is combined with the fire retardant 109 prior to being extruded at step 112.
Another fire retardant material is Cel-Span FR 789. Cel-Span FR 789 chips are available from Phoenix Plastics of Houston, Texas. Cel-Span FR 789 is a flame retardant concentrate specifically designed and tailored for polyester fibers. Thermoplastic polyester fibers produced from Cel-Span FR 789 and converted into needle punch fabric meet both NPFA 702 vertical burn testing, and at lower levels, horizontal burn testing. The Cel-Span FR 789 concentrate is designed to be compounded directly with SSP polyester fiber chips to produce fine denier
6 fibers. To create the polyester fibers that include the Cel-Span FR 789, the polyester chips are placed in a drying container in which the chips are subjected to a temperature of approximately 140 degrees C for about eight hours. This causes the chips to be recrystallized and moisture removed from the chips. The polyester chips that have been recrystallized are then fed into a cylinder together in the correct proportion with the Cel-Span FR 789 chips and moved down the cylinder with an auger to uniformly mix the Cel-Span and polyester chips.
The Cel-Span FR 789 can constitute approximately 5% to 20% of the weight of the combined polyester and Cel-Span mixture. The combined chips are then fed into a hopper, which melts the Cel-Span FR 789 and polyester chips, which are then immediately extruded by multiple extrusion dies which comprise a spinneret. The Cel-Span is a light product with low viscosity. The Cel-Span and polymer, when melted, combine at a molecular level and the combination is extruded through the spinneret to form continuous fibers that include both the Cel-Span FR 789 fire retardant and the polyester. In other words, the Cel-Span fire retardant chips are dry mixed with the polyester chips by feeding the respective amounts of polyester chips and Cel-Span chips into the cylinder with an auger, which mixes these chips at the desired ratios prior to feeding the dry mixed chips to a hopper, which melts the Cel-Span chips and polyester chips just prior to extrusion.
[0022] Referring again to Figure 3, at step 112 the mixed polyester and fire retardant are extruded to form a series of fibers that are very thin, i.e., on the order of the thickness of a thread or a strand of hair having a denier of approximately 1.5 to 3.5. These polyester fibers are then cooled at step 114. The fibers form a layer, which is then needled by pre-needler 126. The process of needling is a process in which a large number of needles with oriented barbs are pushed through the thickness of the layer of fibers such that the fibers are hooked by the barbs on the needles and pushed through the adjacent fibrous layer.
This causes the layer of fibers to become entangled so that the layer becomes more stable.
[0023] As also disclosed in Figure 3, polyester chips 118 and a fire retardant 119 are heated and mixed together at step 120. When a uniform mixture is obtained, the heated polyester and fire retardant are extruded at step 122 to form a multiplicity of small fibers. The fire retardant 119 is the same fire retardant as fire retardant 109. Again, the polyester chips may already have a fire retardant mixed into the chips. The heating at step 120 occurs approximately simultaneously as the heating at step 110. Each of the steps 120, 122, 124, can occur approximately simultaneously with steps 110, 112, 114, respectively. The heated
The Cel-Span FR 789 can constitute approximately 5% to 20% of the weight of the combined polyester and Cel-Span mixture. The combined chips are then fed into a hopper, which melts the Cel-Span FR 789 and polyester chips, which are then immediately extruded by multiple extrusion dies which comprise a spinneret. The Cel-Span is a light product with low viscosity. The Cel-Span and polymer, when melted, combine at a molecular level and the combination is extruded through the spinneret to form continuous fibers that include both the Cel-Span FR 789 fire retardant and the polyester. In other words, the Cel-Span fire retardant chips are dry mixed with the polyester chips by feeding the respective amounts of polyester chips and Cel-Span chips into the cylinder with an auger, which mixes these chips at the desired ratios prior to feeding the dry mixed chips to a hopper, which melts the Cel-Span chips and polyester chips just prior to extrusion.
[0022] Referring again to Figure 3, at step 112 the mixed polyester and fire retardant are extruded to form a series of fibers that are very thin, i.e., on the order of the thickness of a thread or a strand of hair having a denier of approximately 1.5 to 3.5. These polyester fibers are then cooled at step 114. The fibers form a layer, which is then needled by pre-needler 126. The process of needling is a process in which a large number of needles with oriented barbs are pushed through the thickness of the layer of fibers such that the fibers are hooked by the barbs on the needles and pushed through the adjacent fibrous layer.
This causes the layer of fibers to become entangled so that the layer becomes more stable.
[0023] As also disclosed in Figure 3, polyester chips 118 and a fire retardant 119 are heated and mixed together at step 120. When a uniform mixture is obtained, the heated polyester and fire retardant are extruded at step 122 to form a multiplicity of small fibers. The fire retardant 119 is the same fire retardant as fire retardant 109. Again, the polyester chips may already have a fire retardant mixed into the chips. The heating at step 120 occurs approximately simultaneously as the heating at step 110. Each of the steps 120, 122, 124, can occur approximately simultaneously with steps 110, 112, 114, respectively. The heated
7 polyester and fire retardant are extruded at step 122 and cooled at step 124.
The layer of polyester fibers is then needled at step 126. A final needling step can occur by final needier 127, in which the two needled polyester fiber layers are brought together in close proximity, and needles with oriented barbs are driven through both layers to further intertwine the two separate layers. The final needier 127 is optional and can be performed in addition to the needling performed by pre-needler 126. The two needled layers of polyester fibers are then calendered at step 128. The calendering is a process in which the two layers of needled fibers of polyester are placed on top of one another and fed through heated rollers that both heat and press the fibrous layers together so that the fibrous layers fuse and form a single, double thickness, polyester sheet. The bonding can occur by using a bonding agent 127 and/or bonding by fusing the polyester fibers through the application of heat.
100241 The bonding agent 127 is normally applied with the fire retardant at step 132. The bonding agent 127 assists in bonding the fibrous layers to form the single polyester sheet. The bonding agent 127 may comprise an acrylic resin binder that may include a fire retardant binding agent that protects the filaments and reduces shrinking such as SBS
934, which is a melamine solution, available from Royal Adhesive of Simpsonville, South Carolina, or Astromel NW 3A, available from Hexion, Inc. of Columbus, Ohio. The single polyester sheet is then cooled at step 130. A separate application of fire retardant can optionally be applied at step 132. Step 132 is an optional step in which fire retardant such as SVEE 76 from Royal Adhesive, of Simpsonville, South Carolina, is applied to the polyester sheet by spraying the fire retardant on to the polyester sheet or moving the polyester sheet through a bath. The polyester sheet is then dried at step 134 and cut at step 136. The polyester sheets can then be cut into the size of a shingle, such as shingle 100 and then stacked at step 138. Since the polyester sheets 102 are cut into the size of a shingle, there is less shrinkage because of the smaller size of the polyester sheet 102. Alternatively, the large sheets of polyester can simply be rolled up into large rolls at step 135 after drying at step 134. The large rolls can then be used with the shingle forming apparatus 140, illustrated in Figure 4.
[0025] Figure 3 discloses two layers of polyester fibers that are needled and joined = together. Of course, three layers or any number of layers, can be joined together to increase the strength of the resultant polyester sheet, which also reduces shrinking of the polyester sheet after asphalt is applied to the polyester sheet and cooled, as disclosed below in Figure 4.
In addition, various types of polymers and mixtures of polymers from the polyester family
The layer of polyester fibers is then needled at step 126. A final needling step can occur by final needier 127, in which the two needled polyester fiber layers are brought together in close proximity, and needles with oriented barbs are driven through both layers to further intertwine the two separate layers. The final needier 127 is optional and can be performed in addition to the needling performed by pre-needler 126. The two needled layers of polyester fibers are then calendered at step 128. The calendering is a process in which the two layers of needled fibers of polyester are placed on top of one another and fed through heated rollers that both heat and press the fibrous layers together so that the fibrous layers fuse and form a single, double thickness, polyester sheet. The bonding can occur by using a bonding agent 127 and/or bonding by fusing the polyester fibers through the application of heat.
100241 The bonding agent 127 is normally applied with the fire retardant at step 132. The bonding agent 127 assists in bonding the fibrous layers to form the single polyester sheet. The bonding agent 127 may comprise an acrylic resin binder that may include a fire retardant binding agent that protects the filaments and reduces shrinking such as SBS
934, which is a melamine solution, available from Royal Adhesive of Simpsonville, South Carolina, or Astromel NW 3A, available from Hexion, Inc. of Columbus, Ohio. The single polyester sheet is then cooled at step 130. A separate application of fire retardant can optionally be applied at step 132. Step 132 is an optional step in which fire retardant such as SVEE 76 from Royal Adhesive, of Simpsonville, South Carolina, is applied to the polyester sheet by spraying the fire retardant on to the polyester sheet or moving the polyester sheet through a bath. The polyester sheet is then dried at step 134 and cut at step 136. The polyester sheets can then be cut into the size of a shingle, such as shingle 100 and then stacked at step 138. Since the polyester sheets 102 are cut into the size of a shingle, there is less shrinkage because of the smaller size of the polyester sheet 102. Alternatively, the large sheets of polyester can simply be rolled up into large rolls at step 135 after drying at step 134. The large rolls can then be used with the shingle forming apparatus 140, illustrated in Figure 4.
[0025] Figure 3 discloses two layers of polyester fibers that are needled and joined = together. Of course, three layers or any number of layers, can be joined together to increase the strength of the resultant polyester sheet, which also reduces shrinking of the polyester sheet after asphalt is applied to the polyester sheet and cooled, as disclosed below in Figure 4.
In addition, various types of polymers and mixtures of polymers from the polyester family
8 such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, poly-1, 4-cyclohexane dimethylene terephthalate etc. Other high temperature performance polymers such as polyimide, polyamide can be used in the different layers that are joined together to form the resultant sheet. The choice of materials can both strengthen the resultant sheet that is used as a shingle substrate and reduce shrinking during the cooling process after the hot asphalt is applied and allowed to cool on the substrate sheet.
[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a shingle forming apparatus 140. As illustrated in Figure 4, the stacked polyester sheets 142 are fed to an asphalt top coater 144, which coats an asphalt layer 104 on a first side, or top side, of the polyester sheets 142. Alternatively, the large polyester rolls 143 that are created as part of the rolling process 135 of Figure 3, can be coated with asphalt by the asphalt top coater 144.
Asphalt 150 plus optional additives 152 and an optional fire retardant 154 are placed in a heated asphalt vat and mixer 148. The vat and mixer 148 heats the asphalt to a liquid state and blends the asphalt with optional additives 152 and optional fire retardant 154. The fire retardant 154 may comprise ammonium sulfate, as disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,102,463, which is specifically incorporated herein, by reference, for all that it discloses and teaches.
Other materials can also be used, such as monoammonium phosphate, as disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,804,696, and potassium citrate, such as disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,026,747. Fire retardant roofing is also disclosed in U.S. Patent 8,802,215, U.S. Patent 9,441,140, U.S. Patent
[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a shingle forming apparatus 140. As illustrated in Figure 4, the stacked polyester sheets 142 are fed to an asphalt top coater 144, which coats an asphalt layer 104 on a first side, or top side, of the polyester sheets 142. Alternatively, the large polyester rolls 143 that are created as part of the rolling process 135 of Figure 3, can be coated with asphalt by the asphalt top coater 144.
Asphalt 150 plus optional additives 152 and an optional fire retardant 154 are placed in a heated asphalt vat and mixer 148. The vat and mixer 148 heats the asphalt to a liquid state and blends the asphalt with optional additives 152 and optional fire retardant 154. The fire retardant 154 may comprise ammonium sulfate, as disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,102,463, which is specifically incorporated herein, by reference, for all that it discloses and teaches.
Other materials can also be used, such as monoammonium phosphate, as disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,804,696, and potassium citrate, such as disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,026,747. Fire retardant roofing is also disclosed in U.S. Patent 8,802,215, U.S. Patent 9,441,140, U.S. Patent
9,580,902, U.S. Patent Publication 2015/0218823 and U.S. Patent Publication 2017/0067257, U.S. Patent 9,242,432, U.S. Patent 9,447,581 and U.S Patent Publication 2014/0272244. All of these patents and U.S. patent publications are specifically incorporated herein, by reference, for all that they disclose and teach.
[0027] The additives 152 are used to adjust the softening point temperature, softness and other parameters of the asphalt 150. The additives may include the additives disclosed in U.S.
Patent 9,598,610 issued March 21, 2017 to Hilsenbeck entitled "Asphalt Upgrading Without Oxidation" which is specifically incorporated herein for all that it discloses and teaches. For example, various waxes as well as napthenic oils, and other compounds, can be added to the asphalt to lower the softening point temperature so that the asphalt and the heated asphalt vat and mixer can be melted at a lower temperature which reduces the amount of shrinking of the polyester sheets 142 when the coated polyester sheets 142 are cooled.
100281 Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is a specialty technology which is directed to reduction of the temperatures at which the asphalt softening point temperature and viscosity are reduced. The addition of certain waxes such as Sasobit, which is a Fisher-Tropsch paraffin wax, and Asphaltan B, which is a low molecular weight, esterified wax, can be used to reduce softening point temperature and viscosity. Also, synthetic zeolite sold under the trade name Aspha-Min, and two component binder systems, such as WAM-Foam is a soft binder and a hard foam binder that is added at different stages during the production of the asphalt. An asphalt emulsion product called Evotherm uses chemical additive technology and a dispersed asphalt technology delivery system. These technologies reduce the viscosity of the asphalt binder at given temperatures. Aspha-Min is available from Eurovia Services GmbH, Bottrop, Germany. WAM-Foam is available from Shell International Petroleum Company Ltd., London, UK and Kolo-Veidekke, Oslo, Norway. Sasobit is available from various suppliers including Sasol Ltd., located in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Evotherm is a product developed by MeadWestvaco Asphalt Innovations, Charleston, South Carolina.
Advera WMA is available from PQ Corporation, Malvern, PA. Asphaltan B is a product available from Romonta GmbH, Amsdorf, Germany. In addition, it should be noted that different asphalts have different viscosity profiles and an asphalt having a lower temperature for a given viscosity can be selected to produce these shingles. In addition, oxidizing technologies can be used with the asphalt to lower the viscosity of the asphalt for a given temperature. It is also possible to use other polymer filaments with lower melting temperatures, assuming that the asphalt softening temperature can be sufficiently reduced, such as polyolefin and polypropylene. Other polymers can also be used to form a substrate that is fire retardant.
[0029] As also shown in Figure 4, granule applicator 156 coats the top asphalt layer with granules from granule bin 158. Fines applicator 160 coats the bottom asphalt layer with fines from fine bin 162. After the granules and fines have been applied to the asphalt coating on the polyester sheets 142 or polyester rolls 143, the coated polyester sheets are sent to a stacker 164. The coated rolls are sent to a cutter which cuts the sheets into shingles. The shingles from the fines applicator 160 and cutter 166 are stacked in stacker 164. The stacked shingles can then be shipped to a location for installation.
[0030] Figure 5 illustrates a polymat fabrication system 500. As shown in Figure 5, a hopper 502 contains polyester chips 506 or chips of another suitable polymer, which are =
dispersed from the hopper 502 in a metered fashion so that a predetermined amount of the polyester chips 506 are dispersed into the cylinder 512 each minute.
Similarly, hopper 504 disperses fire retardant chips 508, such as the Cel-Span FR 789 chips disclosed above. The fire retardant chips 508 are dispersed at a predetermined rate so that the fire retardant chips 508 make up 5%-20% of the mixture of polyester chips 506 and fire retardant chips 508.
Auger/mixer 510 mixes the polyester chips 506 and the fire retardant chips 508 together and moves the mixture down the cylinder 512 until the chips are thoroughly mixed.
At the end of the cylinder 512 the mixed polyester and fire retardant chips 514 are deposited into a hopper 516. The hopper 516 feeds the mixed polyester and fire retardant chips of 514 into extruder 518. The extruder 518 includes a heater 520 that melts the dry mixed polyester and fire retardant chips 514 until the mixed polyester and fire retardant chips 514 are melted and create a liquid mix of polyester and fire retardant materials. Of course, the fire retardant chips 508 may comprise the Cel-Span FR 789. The liquid mixture of polyester and fire retardant is then pumped by a high pressure pump 522 into the spinneret 524. The spinneret 524 extrudes very fine fibers 526, 528. The fibers or filaments 526 are deposited in a vacuum venturi tube 530, which draws the fibers 536 downwardly through the vacuum venturi tube 530, which also stretches the fibers 536 and adds to their strength and durability.
Similarly, fibers 528 are fed into the vacuum venturi tube 532 and are drawn through the vacuum venturi tube 532 and stretched. The fibers 526 exit the vacuum venturi tube 530 and are deposited in a disperser 534. The disperser 534 spreads the fibers across the web forming surface 542 in a substantially even layer to form a first web layer 538. Similarly, fibers 528 are spread by the disperser 536 in a substantially even layer over the first web layer 538 to form a second web layer 540. The two layers are then moved by the web forming surface 542 to needlers 544.
The needlers 544 entangle the fibers of the first web layer 538 and the second web layer 540.
The entangled webs are then passed through calender rollers 546, which heat and fuse the fibers in the entangled web layers. The calender rollers 546 fuse the fibers together to form a polyester/fire retardant mat, which then proceeds to an optional bonding agent applicator 548.
The bonding agent applicator 548 can provide additional bonding to secure and consolidate the resultant fire retardant polyester mat. In addition, a fire retardant applicator 550 can be used to coat the polyester fire retardant mat with additional fire retardant material. As disclosed above, a fire retardant, such as SVEE 76 from Royal Adhesives of Simpsonville, South Carolina, can be used by spraying the fire retardant on the polyester sheet or, alternatively, moving the polyester sheet through a bath of the SVEE 76. The mat is then sent to a dryer 552 that dries the bonding agent and fire retardant on the mat. The mat can then proceed to a cutter 556 and be cut into individual polyester sheets 558 and deposited in stacker 560, or be rolled into a polyester mat roll 554. The polyester mat roll 554 and the polyester sheets 558 can be used in a shingle making process. The polyester mat roll 554 can also be used for sheet roofing.
[0031] Figure 6 discloses a shingle making apparatus 600. As illustrated in Figure 6, a polyester roll 602 provides a polyester sheet 604. Polyester roll 602 may comprise a roll, such as polyester mat roll 554 of Figure 5, that contains fire retardant materials.
For purposes of Figure 6, however, it will be referred to as a polyester sheet 604. The polyester sheet 604 is directed to a top coater 614 and a bottom coater 616, which coat the polyester sheet with asphalt. Asphalt 608 is heated to a liquid state in heater/mixer 606. Other additives 610 are also provided to the heater/mixer 606. These additives may comprise various waxes, as disclosed above. The additives can be used to lower the softening point of the asphalt and allow for the use of other polymer materials other than polyester, as disclosed above, which have greater fire resistance. In addition, fire retardant 612 can also be provided to the heater/mixer 606. As indicated above, the fire retardant may comprise ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium citrate or other suitable fire retardant materials. The treated asphalt is then applied to both sides of the polymer sheet 604. In some embodiments, the treated asphalt may only be applied to one side of the polymer sheet 604, such as for the fabrication of membranes used to protect foundations and flat roofs.
[0032] As further shown in Figure 6, the sheet moves to the right and granule bin 618 provides granules to a granule applicator 620 that coats certain parts of the shingle or all of the sheet roofing with granules. The sheet then moves to the S rollers 621 so that fines from fine bin 622 can be dispersed by fines applicator 624 on the back side of the roofing material.
The sheet then moves to a cutter 626 and is cut into shingles and stored in stacker 628, or is rolled onto sheet roofing roll 630.
[0033] The present invention therefore provides a shingle that uses a polyester sheet 100 that is coated with asphalt layers on each side. The polyester sheet 102 has high impact resistance, since impacts to the shingle 100 are absorbed by the polyester sheet 102 that is more malleable than a standard fiber glass substrate. Fiber glass substrates tend to be brittle and break when impacted, such as impacts from hail storms. Fire retardant can be placed in the fibers of the polyester sheet 102 or the polyester sheet can be bonded with a bonding agent that includes a fire retardant. In addition, fire retardant can be applied to the finished polyester sheet 102. Fire retardant can also be mixed with the asphalt that is applied as asphalt layers 104, 106. The fire retardant in the asphalt layers 104, 106 can be in addition to or in place of the fire retardant that is in the polyester fibers or placed on the polyester sheet 102. In this manner, an impact resistant and fire retardant shingle can be formed having a polyester sheet substrate layer.
[0027] The additives 152 are used to adjust the softening point temperature, softness and other parameters of the asphalt 150. The additives may include the additives disclosed in U.S.
Patent 9,598,610 issued March 21, 2017 to Hilsenbeck entitled "Asphalt Upgrading Without Oxidation" which is specifically incorporated herein for all that it discloses and teaches. For example, various waxes as well as napthenic oils, and other compounds, can be added to the asphalt to lower the softening point temperature so that the asphalt and the heated asphalt vat and mixer can be melted at a lower temperature which reduces the amount of shrinking of the polyester sheets 142 when the coated polyester sheets 142 are cooled.
100281 Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is a specialty technology which is directed to reduction of the temperatures at which the asphalt softening point temperature and viscosity are reduced. The addition of certain waxes such as Sasobit, which is a Fisher-Tropsch paraffin wax, and Asphaltan B, which is a low molecular weight, esterified wax, can be used to reduce softening point temperature and viscosity. Also, synthetic zeolite sold under the trade name Aspha-Min, and two component binder systems, such as WAM-Foam is a soft binder and a hard foam binder that is added at different stages during the production of the asphalt. An asphalt emulsion product called Evotherm uses chemical additive technology and a dispersed asphalt technology delivery system. These technologies reduce the viscosity of the asphalt binder at given temperatures. Aspha-Min is available from Eurovia Services GmbH, Bottrop, Germany. WAM-Foam is available from Shell International Petroleum Company Ltd., London, UK and Kolo-Veidekke, Oslo, Norway. Sasobit is available from various suppliers including Sasol Ltd., located in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Evotherm is a product developed by MeadWestvaco Asphalt Innovations, Charleston, South Carolina.
Advera WMA is available from PQ Corporation, Malvern, PA. Asphaltan B is a product available from Romonta GmbH, Amsdorf, Germany. In addition, it should be noted that different asphalts have different viscosity profiles and an asphalt having a lower temperature for a given viscosity can be selected to produce these shingles. In addition, oxidizing technologies can be used with the asphalt to lower the viscosity of the asphalt for a given temperature. It is also possible to use other polymer filaments with lower melting temperatures, assuming that the asphalt softening temperature can be sufficiently reduced, such as polyolefin and polypropylene. Other polymers can also be used to form a substrate that is fire retardant.
[0029] As also shown in Figure 4, granule applicator 156 coats the top asphalt layer with granules from granule bin 158. Fines applicator 160 coats the bottom asphalt layer with fines from fine bin 162. After the granules and fines have been applied to the asphalt coating on the polyester sheets 142 or polyester rolls 143, the coated polyester sheets are sent to a stacker 164. The coated rolls are sent to a cutter which cuts the sheets into shingles. The shingles from the fines applicator 160 and cutter 166 are stacked in stacker 164. The stacked shingles can then be shipped to a location for installation.
[0030] Figure 5 illustrates a polymat fabrication system 500. As shown in Figure 5, a hopper 502 contains polyester chips 506 or chips of another suitable polymer, which are =
dispersed from the hopper 502 in a metered fashion so that a predetermined amount of the polyester chips 506 are dispersed into the cylinder 512 each minute.
Similarly, hopper 504 disperses fire retardant chips 508, such as the Cel-Span FR 789 chips disclosed above. The fire retardant chips 508 are dispersed at a predetermined rate so that the fire retardant chips 508 make up 5%-20% of the mixture of polyester chips 506 and fire retardant chips 508.
Auger/mixer 510 mixes the polyester chips 506 and the fire retardant chips 508 together and moves the mixture down the cylinder 512 until the chips are thoroughly mixed.
At the end of the cylinder 512 the mixed polyester and fire retardant chips 514 are deposited into a hopper 516. The hopper 516 feeds the mixed polyester and fire retardant chips of 514 into extruder 518. The extruder 518 includes a heater 520 that melts the dry mixed polyester and fire retardant chips 514 until the mixed polyester and fire retardant chips 514 are melted and create a liquid mix of polyester and fire retardant materials. Of course, the fire retardant chips 508 may comprise the Cel-Span FR 789. The liquid mixture of polyester and fire retardant is then pumped by a high pressure pump 522 into the spinneret 524. The spinneret 524 extrudes very fine fibers 526, 528. The fibers or filaments 526 are deposited in a vacuum venturi tube 530, which draws the fibers 536 downwardly through the vacuum venturi tube 530, which also stretches the fibers 536 and adds to their strength and durability.
Similarly, fibers 528 are fed into the vacuum venturi tube 532 and are drawn through the vacuum venturi tube 532 and stretched. The fibers 526 exit the vacuum venturi tube 530 and are deposited in a disperser 534. The disperser 534 spreads the fibers across the web forming surface 542 in a substantially even layer to form a first web layer 538. Similarly, fibers 528 are spread by the disperser 536 in a substantially even layer over the first web layer 538 to form a second web layer 540. The two layers are then moved by the web forming surface 542 to needlers 544.
The needlers 544 entangle the fibers of the first web layer 538 and the second web layer 540.
The entangled webs are then passed through calender rollers 546, which heat and fuse the fibers in the entangled web layers. The calender rollers 546 fuse the fibers together to form a polyester/fire retardant mat, which then proceeds to an optional bonding agent applicator 548.
The bonding agent applicator 548 can provide additional bonding to secure and consolidate the resultant fire retardant polyester mat. In addition, a fire retardant applicator 550 can be used to coat the polyester fire retardant mat with additional fire retardant material. As disclosed above, a fire retardant, such as SVEE 76 from Royal Adhesives of Simpsonville, South Carolina, can be used by spraying the fire retardant on the polyester sheet or, alternatively, moving the polyester sheet through a bath of the SVEE 76. The mat is then sent to a dryer 552 that dries the bonding agent and fire retardant on the mat. The mat can then proceed to a cutter 556 and be cut into individual polyester sheets 558 and deposited in stacker 560, or be rolled into a polyester mat roll 554. The polyester mat roll 554 and the polyester sheets 558 can be used in a shingle making process. The polyester mat roll 554 can also be used for sheet roofing.
[0031] Figure 6 discloses a shingle making apparatus 600. As illustrated in Figure 6, a polyester roll 602 provides a polyester sheet 604. Polyester roll 602 may comprise a roll, such as polyester mat roll 554 of Figure 5, that contains fire retardant materials.
For purposes of Figure 6, however, it will be referred to as a polyester sheet 604. The polyester sheet 604 is directed to a top coater 614 and a bottom coater 616, which coat the polyester sheet with asphalt. Asphalt 608 is heated to a liquid state in heater/mixer 606. Other additives 610 are also provided to the heater/mixer 606. These additives may comprise various waxes, as disclosed above. The additives can be used to lower the softening point of the asphalt and allow for the use of other polymer materials other than polyester, as disclosed above, which have greater fire resistance. In addition, fire retardant 612 can also be provided to the heater/mixer 606. As indicated above, the fire retardant may comprise ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium citrate or other suitable fire retardant materials. The treated asphalt is then applied to both sides of the polymer sheet 604. In some embodiments, the treated asphalt may only be applied to one side of the polymer sheet 604, such as for the fabrication of membranes used to protect foundations and flat roofs.
[0032] As further shown in Figure 6, the sheet moves to the right and granule bin 618 provides granules to a granule applicator 620 that coats certain parts of the shingle or all of the sheet roofing with granules. The sheet then moves to the S rollers 621 so that fines from fine bin 622 can be dispersed by fines applicator 624 on the back side of the roofing material.
The sheet then moves to a cutter 626 and is cut into shingles and stored in stacker 628, or is rolled onto sheet roofing roll 630.
[0033] The present invention therefore provides a shingle that uses a polyester sheet 100 that is coated with asphalt layers on each side. The polyester sheet 102 has high impact resistance, since impacts to the shingle 100 are absorbed by the polyester sheet 102 that is more malleable than a standard fiber glass substrate. Fiber glass substrates tend to be brittle and break when impacted, such as impacts from hail storms. Fire retardant can be placed in the fibers of the polyester sheet 102 or the polyester sheet can be bonded with a bonding agent that includes a fire retardant. In addition, fire retardant can be applied to the finished polyester sheet 102. Fire retardant can also be mixed with the asphalt that is applied as asphalt layers 104, 106. The fire retardant in the asphalt layers 104, 106 can be in addition to or in place of the fire retardant that is in the polyester fibers or placed on the polyester sheet 102. In this manner, an impact resistant and fire retardant shingle can be formed having a polyester sheet substrate layer.
Claims (17)
1. A method of making a roofing shingle comprising:
forming a non-woven polyester sheet having a mass of at least 65 grams per square meter;
coating said non-woven polyester sheet with a fire retardant;
heating asphalt to a liquid state;
applying said asphalt in said liquid state to a first side of said polyester sheet and to a second side of said polyester sheet;
allowing said asphalt to cool in ambient air.
forming a non-woven polyester sheet having a mass of at least 65 grams per square meter;
coating said non-woven polyester sheet with a fire retardant;
heating asphalt to a liquid state;
applying said asphalt in said liquid state to a first side of said polyester sheet and to a second side of said polyester sheet;
allowing said asphalt to cool in ambient air.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
mixing additives with said asphalt in said liquid state to reduce the equiviscous temperature of said asphalt.
mixing additives with said asphalt in said liquid state to reduce the equiviscous temperature of said asphalt.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said process of mixing additives comprises mixing napthenic oil with said asphalt.
4. A method of making an impact resistant roofing shingle comprising:
forming a porous polyester sheet having a mass of at least 65 grams per square meter that is made from a plurality of extruded viscoelastic polyester fibers that are entangled using a needle punch process and fused together using heat and pressure;
heating asphalt to a liquid state to create liquid asphalt;
mixing a fire retardant with said liquid asphalt to form a fire retardant asphalt;
applying said fire retardant asphalt to both a top surface and a bottom surface of said porous polyester sheet;
applying granules and fines to said fire retardant asphalt to form a shingle material.
forming a porous polyester sheet having a mass of at least 65 grams per square meter that is made from a plurality of extruded viscoelastic polyester fibers that are entangled using a needle punch process and fused together using heat and pressure;
heating asphalt to a liquid state to create liquid asphalt;
mixing a fire retardant with said liquid asphalt to form a fire retardant asphalt;
applying said fire retardant asphalt to both a top surface and a bottom surface of said porous polyester sheet;
applying granules and fines to said fire retardant asphalt to form a shingle material.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said step of mixing a fire retardant with said liquid asphalt comprises mixing ammonium sulfate with said liquid asphalt.
6. The method of claim 5 further comprising:
mixing additives with said liquid asphalt to reduce the equiviscous temperature and decrease viscosity of said asphalt.
mixing additives with said liquid asphalt to reduce the equiviscous temperature and decrease viscosity of said asphalt.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said process of mixing additives to said liquid asphalt comprises mixing napthenic oil with said liquid asphalt.
8. A method of making an impact resistant and fire retardant roofing material comprising:
mixing polyester and a fire retardant in a dry state;
heating said polyester and said fire retardant to form a fire retardant and polyester liquid;
extruding said fire retardant polyester liquid to form a plurality of extruded fire retardant polyester fibers;
entangling the resulting fire retardant polyester fibers through a needle punch process to create at least one layer of intertwined, non-woven, polyester fibers;
calendering said at least one layer of intertwined, non-woven, polyester layer by passing said polyester layer through a heated calender roll to form a porous fire retardant polyester sheet;
heating asphalt to a liquid state to create liquid asphalt;
applying said liquid asphalt to both a top surface and a bottom surface of said porous, fire retardant polyester sheet;
applying granules and fines to said asphalt to form said impact resistant roofing material.
mixing polyester and a fire retardant in a dry state;
heating said polyester and said fire retardant to form a fire retardant and polyester liquid;
extruding said fire retardant polyester liquid to form a plurality of extruded fire retardant polyester fibers;
entangling the resulting fire retardant polyester fibers through a needle punch process to create at least one layer of intertwined, non-woven, polyester fibers;
calendering said at least one layer of intertwined, non-woven, polyester layer by passing said polyester layer through a heated calender roll to form a porous fire retardant polyester sheet;
heating asphalt to a liquid state to create liquid asphalt;
applying said liquid asphalt to both a top surface and a bottom surface of said porous, fire retardant polyester sheet;
applying granules and fines to said asphalt to form said impact resistant roofing material.
9. The method of claim 8 further comprising:
coating said porous fire retardant polyester sheet with a fire retardant material.
coating said porous fire retardant polyester sheet with a fire retardant material.
10. The method of claim 8 further comprising:
mixing a fire retardant with said liquid asphalt.
mixing a fire retardant with said liquid asphalt.
11. The method of claim 8 further comprising:
mixing additives with said liquid asphalt to lower the softening point temperature and decrease viscosity of said liquid asphalt.
mixing additives with said liquid asphalt to lower the softening point temperature and decrease viscosity of said liquid asphalt.
12. A system for making an impact resistant polyester roofing shingle comprising:
a non-woven, two layer polyester sheet that is made from a plurality of extruded polyester fibers that are entangled in a needle punch process and fused together by passing said polyester layer through heated calender rolls to form a porous polyester sheet;
a heated asphalt mixer that mixes a fire retardant material with a heated, liquid asphalt to create a fire retardant liquid asphalt;
coaters that coat said non-woven, two layer polyester sheet with said fire retardant liquid asphalt on both a top surface and a bottom surface of said non-woven, two layer polyester sheet to form an asphalt coated polyester sheet;
a granule applicator that applies granules to said asphalt coated polyester sheet;
a fines applicator that applies fines to said asphalt coated polyester sheet.
a non-woven, two layer polyester sheet that is made from a plurality of extruded polyester fibers that are entangled in a needle punch process and fused together by passing said polyester layer through heated calender rolls to form a porous polyester sheet;
a heated asphalt mixer that mixes a fire retardant material with a heated, liquid asphalt to create a fire retardant liquid asphalt;
coaters that coat said non-woven, two layer polyester sheet with said fire retardant liquid asphalt on both a top surface and a bottom surface of said non-woven, two layer polyester sheet to form an asphalt coated polyester sheet;
a granule applicator that applies granules to said asphalt coated polyester sheet;
a fines applicator that applies fines to said asphalt coated polyester sheet.
13. The system of claim 12 wherein said heated asphalt mixer mixes at least one additive to lower the softening point temperature and decrease the viscosity of said asphalt.
14. The system of claim 13 wherein said additive is napthenic oil.
15. The system of claim 12 wherein said fire retardant is ammonium sulfate.
16. A system for making an impact resistant polyester roofing shingle material comprising:
a mixer that mixes polyester with a fire retardant to form a fire retardant, polyester dry mix;
an extruder that heats said fire retardant, polyester dry mix to form a fire retardant, polyester liquid;
a metering pump and spinneret system that extrudes said fire retardant, polyester liquid to form a plurality of extruded fire retardant polyester fibers;
a needle machine that entangles said fire retardant polyester fibers to create at least one layer of entangled, non-woven, polyester fibers;
a calender roll process that compresses and heats said layer of entangled, non-woven, polyester fibers to form a porous polyester sheet;
coaters that coat said porous polyester sheet with liquid asphalt.
a mixer that mixes polyester with a fire retardant to form a fire retardant, polyester dry mix;
an extruder that heats said fire retardant, polyester dry mix to form a fire retardant, polyester liquid;
a metering pump and spinneret system that extrudes said fire retardant, polyester liquid to form a plurality of extruded fire retardant polyester fibers;
a needle machine that entangles said fire retardant polyester fibers to create at least one layer of entangled, non-woven, polyester fibers;
a calender roll process that compresses and heats said layer of entangled, non-woven, polyester fibers to form a porous polyester sheet;
coaters that coat said porous polyester sheet with liquid asphalt.
17. The system of claim 16 further comprising:
a heated asphalt mixer that mixes at least one additive with said liquid asphalt to lower the softening point temperature and decrease the viscosity of said liquid asphalt.
a heated asphalt mixer that mixes at least one additive with said liquid asphalt to lower the softening point temperature and decrease the viscosity of said liquid asphalt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201862628141P | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | |
US62/628,141 | 2018-02-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CA3033130A1 true CA3033130A1 (en) | 2019-08-08 |
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ID=67475087
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA3033130A Pending CA3033130A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2019-02-07 | Polymat shingle |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20190242057A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3033130A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2019001700A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USD855220S1 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2019-07-30 | Certainteed Corporation | Shingle |
MX2021006358A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-10-22 | Tamko Building Products Llc | Continuous nonwoven polyester fiber and fiberglass thread hybrid mat. |
MX2022008573A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-01-10 | Bmic Llc | Coatings for roofing materials and related methods. |
-
2019
- 2019-02-05 US US16/268,265 patent/US20190242057A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-02-07 CA CA3033130A patent/CA3033130A1/en active Pending
- 2019-02-08 MX MX2019001700A patent/MX2019001700A/en unknown
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MX2019001700A (en) | 2019-08-09 |
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