CA2989016A1 - An arrangement of coatings for a two-stroke engine piston - Google Patents

An arrangement of coatings for a two-stroke engine piston Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2989016A1
CA2989016A1 CA2989016A CA2989016A CA2989016A1 CA 2989016 A1 CA2989016 A1 CA 2989016A1 CA 2989016 A CA2989016 A CA 2989016A CA 2989016 A CA2989016 A CA 2989016A CA 2989016 A1 CA2989016 A1 CA 2989016A1
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Prior art keywords
piston
thermal barrier
piston crown
crown
coating
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CA2989016A
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French (fr)
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CA2989016C (en
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Marc-Antoine Beaudoin
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Beaudoin Marc Antoine
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/10—Pistons  having surface coverings
    • F02F3/12—Pistons  having surface coverings on piston heads
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C23C28/3215—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer at least one MCrAlX layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C23C28/3455—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/073—Metallic material containing MCrAl or MCrAlY alloys, where M is nickel, cobalt or iron, with or without non-metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
    • C23C4/11—Oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/10—Pistons  having surface coverings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
    • F05C2251/048—Heat transfer

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

A piston for a two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising at least a piston crown and a skirt, whereas one or more arrangements of coatings is applied on the piston crown, whereas for each arrangement of coatings, a thermal barrier coating (1BC) is applied on a metallic coating, whereas the metallic coating is larger than the TBC, whereas the TBC could be made with one or more layers, where each layer could be or not of the same material, whereas the metallic coating could be made with one or more layers, where each layer could be or not of the same material, whereas many different areas could be possible for each layer of each coating, including the method of fabrication and the use thereof.

Description

Title An arrangement of coatings for a two-stroke engine piston Field [0001] Herein is described an arrangement of coatings to alter the properties of the surface of a two-stroke piston crown. This relates to a method to obtain a two-stroke piston which has the capacity to operate within a two-stroke engine's combustion chamber whereas conditions are created to reduce emissions, and further relates to these pistons themselves and their use.
Background
[0002] In a two-stroke engine such as may be commonly found in snowmobiles, chain saws, off-road motorcycles, or other machines which use two-stroke engines, the piston is submitted to an intense heat. The piston is sliding in a cylinder which has many holes and/or ports which reduce the area in contact with the piston. These areas which are not in contact with the piston cannot contribute to give a thermal conductivity between the piston and the cylinder.
The piston is also exposed to a combustion process for each crankshaft rotation. A rich air/fuel mixture contributes to avoid the risk of overheating of the piston but it is a handicap to produce low emissions.
[0003] The risk of overheating for a two-stroke piston operating within an engine's combustion chamber is influenced by the air-fuel ratio. The air-fuel ratio is the given quantity of fuel mixed in a given quantity of air, which results the air-fuel mixture. In a two-stroke engine, a too lean air/fuel mixture could results in internal engine's parts destruction. In such conditions, what we frequently see is piston seizure. The temperature of the piston influences its thermal expansion and the piston's metal also has a melting point. If the piston becomes too hot, it could melt and/or the piston to cylinder clearances could become too tight, which may results in a piston seizure.
[0004] The stoichiometric ratio is the perfect air-fuel ratio to obtain a more complete combustion, but also a very hot combustion. The emissions are influenced in part by the air/fuel ratio. Modifying a piston to improve its capacity to resist against heat will help it to accept hotter combustion. This obtain piston could give an ideal breeding ground for a cleaner air-fuel mixture.
[0005] It is known that a piston crown could be coated with a thermal barrier to offer a good resistance against heat. It is also known that a thermal barrier could alter exhaust emissions.
Furthermore, if less heat is removed by the internal surfaces, more heat will stay trapped in the combustion chamber and produce more expanded gases, which results in more energy to push the piston during the power stroke.
[0006] There is therefore a need to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of existing two-stroke engine pistons, and more specifically to obtain a piston crown with crown surface characteristics which contribute to create an environment to reduce emissions.
Summary
[0007] Herein is described a piston for a two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising at least a piston crown and a skirt, whereas a metallic coating covers a first portion of the piston crown's surface, a thermal barrier coating covers a second portion of the piston crown's surface, whereas said second portion of the piston crown's surface has a smaller area than said first portion of the piston crown's surface, whereas said thermal barrier coating partially covers said metallic coating, said second portion overlapping completely over said first portion.
[0008] In some examples, said thermal barrier coating is made of one or a combination of the following materials: oxide ceramics, ceramic abradables, mullite. In some examples, said metallic coating is made of one or a combination of the following materials: NiCr, NiAl, NiCrAl, NiCrAlY, NiCrAlMo. In some examples, said thermal barrier coating is made of zirconia-yttria. In some examples, said thermal barrier coating is made of zirconia-magnesia. In some examples, the skirt of the piston is coated by a molybdenum coating.
[0009] This also relates to methods for fabricating such a piston for a two-stroke internal combustion engine, said piston comprising at least a piston crown and a skirt, whereas a metallic coating covers a first portion of the piston crown's surface, a thermal barrier coating covers a second portion of the piston crown's surface, whereas said second portion of the piston crown's surface has a smaller area than said first portion of the piston crown's surface, whereas said thermal barrier coating partially covers said metallic coating, said second portion overlapping completely over said first portion. In some examples, said first portion of the piston whereas said thermal barrier coating is deposited by a process chosen from a group comprising plasma spray, High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (H.V.O.F.), High Velocity Air Fuel (H.V.A.F.), electric arc spray and flame spray. In some examples, said metallic coating is deposited by a process chosen from a group comprising plasma spray, High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (H.V.O.F.), High Velocity Air Fuel (H.V.A.F.), electric arc spray, flame spray and electroplating.
[0010] This also relates to the use of such a piston in a piston internal combustion engine.
[0011] Other and further aspects and advantages of the present arrangement of coatings for a two-stroke engine piston will be obvious upon an understanding of the illustrative embodiments about to be described or will be indicated in the appended claims, and various advantages not referred to herein will occur to one skilled in the art upon employment of the arrangement of coatings for a two-stroke engine piston in practice.

Brief Description of the Drawings
[0012] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the arrangement of coatings for a two-stroke engine piston will become more readily apparent from the following description, = reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which:
[0013] Figure 1 is the illustration of a top view of a piston top (crown) and a sectional view of a part of the same piston top end, incorporating an arrangement of coatings in accordance to one example of the technology described herein and in accordance to one example of a piston.
Detailed Description
[0014] In one example, there is provided a novel arrangement of coatings for a two-stroke engine piston as described hereinafter. Although the arrangement of coatings for a two-stroke engine piston is described in terms of specific illustrative embodiments, it is to be understood that the embodiments described herein are by way of example only and that the scope of the arrangement of coatings for a two-stroke engine piston is not intended to be limited thereby.
[0015] Figure 1 is the illustration of a top view of a piston top (crown) and a sectional view of a part of the same piston top end, incorporating an arrangement of coatings in accordance to one example of the technology described herein and in accordance to one example of a piston. The broken line on the sectional view shows that only the upper end is shown. An arrangement of coatings is shown, whereas the surface areas of each coating could vary. Number 101 shows a thermal barrier coating (TBC). Number 102 shows a metallic coating underneath the TBC which overshoots around the TBC, therefore covering a larger portion of the piston crown. Number 103 shows a non-coated surface of the piston crown. It is understood that if there is several layers which overshoot underneath the layer applied over it, it is possible to get more than only one layer which overshoot, whereas each layer could be or not of the same metal or material. The TBC
could also be made with = multiple overshooting layers of different materials, so it is understood that many different areas could be possible.
[0016] A thermal barrier coating (TBC) ¨number 101 of figure 1- is applied on a metallic coating ¨
number 102 of figure 1-. The TBC could be made with one or more layers and materials. The TBC
could be, or not, in a recess. The area and thickness of the TBC could vary, but its area covers only a portion of the piston crown. Varying the thickness and the area of the TBC
influence the surface's thermal conductivity and/or the protection against heat, so for a given cooling, it may influence the piston temperature. All heat unabsorbed by the TBC may remain totally or in part in the combustion chamber, it may be considered in part to set the temperature range within the combustion chamber.
Number 102 of figure 1 shows the metallic coating. This metallic coating has a lower thermal conductivity than the piston's metal. The area of this metallic coating could vary and it could be recessed, or not, in the piston's crown. The premier function of this metallic coating could be to create a bond coat for the TBC, but this metallic coating also overshoots the TBC. The TBC ¨
number 101 of figure 1- is illustrated as a circle or a disc, and the metallic coating ¨number 102 of figure 1- appears as a ring or a band or a loop, but it is possible to change the geometrical forms of each coating. It could also be possible to have more than one arrangement on the same piston to accommodate engines which have more than one spark plug. Number 103 of figure 1 shows the area preferably left uncoated. This area varies depending on where the metallic coating ends. The goal of this area preferably left uncoated is to keep the original surface's characteristics and behaviour in this region.
[0017] Using a coating on a piston crown may alter the crown surface behaviour while protects this said piston. The surface behaviour may play a role in evaporation of the fuel, which may alter the hydrocarbon emission level. This behaviour is influenced by areas created by the coatings whereas the coating areas and coatings are chosen to reach a more complete combustion.
A lower hydrocarbon emission level may indicate that the efficiency of the engine is higher. A higher efficiency could result in a better fuel economy and/or more power.
[0018] An optional coating could be applied on the said piston skirt. A recess could be made in the said piston skirt, which will be filled by the coating. This optional coating could be pure molybdenum, which is known to provide a good skirt bearing properties. It's also known that molybdenum coatings provide a tough and hard surface with excellent sliding properties. It is understood that the thermal conductivity of molybdenum could be lower than the piston's metal, so its effect on heat exchange has to be considered if applied.
[0019] The said thermal barrier is made of one or a combination of the following materials: oxide ceramics, ceramic abradables, mullite.
[0020] The metallic coating is made of one or a combination of the following materials: NiCr, NiAl, NiCrAl, NiCrAlY, NiCrAlMo, whereas Al is aluminum, Cr is chromium, Mo is molybdenum, Ni is nickel and Y is yttrium.
[0021] The best method to carry the arrangement of coatings related hereby is done by the application of coatings with a thermal spray process, which could be one a combination of the following processes: plasma spray, High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (H.V.O.F.), High Velocity Air-Fuel (H.V.A.F.), electric arc spray, flame spray or electroplating.
[0022] Hereby, the arrangement of coatings could be done with existing coatings and coatings processes. There is not a coating process apparatus or unique coating process demonstration; the described coatings and coating processes cited hereby are only to illustrate a method to obtain coatings.
[0023] While illustrative and presently preferred embodiments of the arrangement of coatings for a two-stroke engine piston have been described in detail hereinabove, it is to be understood that the inventive concepts may be otherwise variously embodied and employed and that the appended claims are intended to be construed to include such variations except insofar as limited by the prior art.

Claims (8)

What is claimed is
1. A piston for a two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising at least a piston crown and a skirt, whereas a metallic coating covers a first portion of the piston crown's surface, a thermal barrier coating covers a second portion of the piston crown's surface, whereas said second portion of the piston crown's surface has a smaller area than said first portion of the piston crown's surface, whereas said thermal barrier coating partially covers said metallic coating, said second portion overlapping completely over said first portion.
2. The piston of claim 1, whereas said thermal barrier coating is made of one or a combination of the following materials: oxide ceramics, ceramic abradables, mullite.
3. The piston of claim 1, whereas said metallic coating is made of one or a combination of the following materials: NiCr, NiAl, NiCrAl, NiCrAlY, NiCrAlMo.
4. The piston of claim 1, whereas said thermal barrier coating is made of zirconia-yttria.
5. The piston of claim 1, whereas said thermal barrier coating is made of zirconia-magnesia.
6. The piston of claim 1, whereas the skirt of the piston is coated by a molybdenum coaling.
7. A method for fabricating a piston for a two-stroke internal combustion engine, said piston comprising at least a piston crown and a skirt, whereas a metallic coating covers a first portion of the piston crown's surface, a thermal barrier coating covers a second portion of the piston crown's surface, whereas said second portion of the piston crown's surface has a smaller area than said first portion of the piston crown's surface, whereas said thermal barrier coating partially covers said metallic coating, said second portion overlapping completely over said first portion, said first portion of the piston whereas said thermal barrier coating is deposited by a process chosen from a group comprising plasma spray, High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (H.V.O.F.), High Velocity Air Fuel (H.V.A.F.) and flame spray;

said metallic coating is deposited by a process chosen from a group comprising plasma spray, High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (H.V.O.F.), High Velocity Air Fuel (H.V.A.F.), electric arc spray, flame spray and electroplating.
8. The use of a piston in a piston internal combustion engine, whereas said piston comprises at least a piston crown and a skirt, and whereas a metallic coating covers a first portion of the piston crown's surface, a thermal barrier coating covers a second portion of the piston crown's surface, whereas said second portion of the piston crown's surface has a smaller area than said first portion of the piston crown's surface, whereas said thermal barrier coating partially covers said metallic coating, said second portion overlapping completely over said first portion.
CA2989016A 2017-12-15 2017-12-15 An arrangement of coatings for a two-stroke engine piston Active CA2989016C (en)

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CA2989016C CA2989016C (en) 2024-06-25

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11719184B1 (en) 2022-01-21 2023-08-08 Tenneco Inc. Piston with engineered crown coating and method of manufacturing

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11719184B1 (en) 2022-01-21 2023-08-08 Tenneco Inc. Piston with engineered crown coating and method of manufacturing

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