CA2962865A1 - Device for early detection of child abduction or wandering - Google Patents
Device for early detection of child abduction or wandering Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2962865A1 CA2962865A1 CA2962865A CA2962865A CA2962865A1 CA 2962865 A1 CA2962865 A1 CA 2962865A1 CA 2962865 A CA2962865 A CA 2962865A CA 2962865 A CA2962865 A CA 2962865A CA 2962865 A1 CA2962865 A1 CA 2962865A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- child
- abduction
- monitor
- sensor
- location
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B5/00—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
- G08B5/22—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
- G08B5/36—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources
Abstract
A device to be carried or worn by an individual to detect abduction or wandering, comprising a portable processor and sensors to detect heat, body position, location and/or acceleration, and a visual and/or auditory alarm. It includes a transmitter to relay information from the sensors to a receiver. It also includes a receiver including a processor configured to receive the sensor data from the device, and assess whether the individual wearing the device is in danger.
Description
Device for Early Detection of Child Abduction or Wandering FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of personal monitoring and security devices.
The present invention provides a device, designed to be worn by a child walking to school or playing outdoors, that continually monitors its surroundings to determine if the child has wandered outside a permissible zone or an abduction is imminent, and if so, to generate an alarm at a remote location wirelessly.
There are several commercially-available products that are wearable by a child for the purpose of location tracking, such as the AngelSense GPS Tracker and the Trax. These products, have several deficiencies. My objective of the present invention is to design a device that provides comprehensive real time child monitoring.
The device is not intended for tracking on monitoring while the child is in a school bus or other vehicle. It is also not intended for use when the child is far away (more than a couple of kilometers from the monitoring location), for example, when on a school trip or at a summer camp.
BACKGROUND
Every 40 seconds in the United States, a child goes missing or is abducted. In 80 percent of abductions by strangers, the first contact between the child and the abductor occurs within a quarter mile of the child's home.
In Canada, there were 45,288 reports of missing children in Canada (in 2015) as reported by the RCMP. Of these, abduction by a stranger occurred in 24 cases. while there were about 400 instances of wandering off. In the U.S., the National Center for Missing &
Exploited Children (NCMEC) collects information about attempted abductions, short term "abduct and release"
incidents and other types of suspicious incidents involving children.
According to the FBI, in 2015, there were 460,699 missing children reports. In 2016, NCMEC assisted law enforcement and families with more than 20,500 cases of missing children ( a small fraction of the total
The present invention relates to the field of personal monitoring and security devices.
The present invention provides a device, designed to be worn by a child walking to school or playing outdoors, that continually monitors its surroundings to determine if the child has wandered outside a permissible zone or an abduction is imminent, and if so, to generate an alarm at a remote location wirelessly.
There are several commercially-available products that are wearable by a child for the purpose of location tracking, such as the AngelSense GPS Tracker and the Trax. These products, have several deficiencies. My objective of the present invention is to design a device that provides comprehensive real time child monitoring.
The device is not intended for tracking on monitoring while the child is in a school bus or other vehicle. It is also not intended for use when the child is far away (more than a couple of kilometers from the monitoring location), for example, when on a school trip or at a summer camp.
BACKGROUND
Every 40 seconds in the United States, a child goes missing or is abducted. In 80 percent of abductions by strangers, the first contact between the child and the abductor occurs within a quarter mile of the child's home.
In Canada, there were 45,288 reports of missing children in Canada (in 2015) as reported by the RCMP. Of these, abduction by a stranger occurred in 24 cases. while there were about 400 instances of wandering off. In the U.S., the National Center for Missing &
Exploited Children (NCMEC) collects information about attempted abductions, short term "abduct and release"
incidents and other types of suspicious incidents involving children.
According to the FBI, in 2015, there were 460,699 missing children reports. In 2016, NCMEC assisted law enforcement and families with more than 20,500 cases of missing children ( a small fraction of the total
2 number of missing children), of which about 1% were non-family abductions, and approximately 90% were runaways.
The above statistics show that abduction by a stranger is a relatively rare occurrence. A
wandering or runaway child is much more common. However, the parent's inability to differentiate between the two possibilities until the child is located (usually within 24 hours) can cause increased worry in the interim period. This is the reason why my device focuses primarily on abduction, but also tries to differentiate wandering events.
The statistics also show that early detection is key to a favorable outcome, in both abduction and runaway cases. This strengthens the case for my device, since it attempts to generate an alarm locally as soon as an abduction is detected.
A look at the Canadian abduction statistics over the past fifty years as well as the statistics for the U.S over the period from 2005-2015 reveals the following common trends that can help in designing the device.
= The abducted children were usually alone and of school-going age = Their average age was around 10-11 years.
= In most cases, the victim was travelling between home and school, the mall, a park or a friend's house.
= Most of the abductions took place within blocks of the child's home or school.
The above points show that the proposal to design a device for use close to the home, or when walking from home to the school, is sensible. Runaway children, on the other hand, could escape from any location such as a friend's house or the mall, for example.
Hence this device can only detect unintentional wandering, such as a small child wandering off a specified zone.
Its main purpose is to indicate, in the case of a child missing from near home, whether or not there is a reason to fear an abduction.
= Most often, the offenders used a vehicle of some kind in the abduction.
This indicates that my device must have some means of telling whether the child has moved into a vehicle.
The above statistics show that abduction by a stranger is a relatively rare occurrence. A
wandering or runaway child is much more common. However, the parent's inability to differentiate between the two possibilities until the child is located (usually within 24 hours) can cause increased worry in the interim period. This is the reason why my device focuses primarily on abduction, but also tries to differentiate wandering events.
The statistics also show that early detection is key to a favorable outcome, in both abduction and runaway cases. This strengthens the case for my device, since it attempts to generate an alarm locally as soon as an abduction is detected.
A look at the Canadian abduction statistics over the past fifty years as well as the statistics for the U.S over the period from 2005-2015 reveals the following common trends that can help in designing the device.
= The abducted children were usually alone and of school-going age = Their average age was around 10-11 years.
= In most cases, the victim was travelling between home and school, the mall, a park or a friend's house.
= Most of the abductions took place within blocks of the child's home or school.
The above points show that the proposal to design a device for use close to the home, or when walking from home to the school, is sensible. Runaway children, on the other hand, could escape from any location such as a friend's house or the mall, for example.
Hence this device can only detect unintentional wandering, such as a small child wandering off a specified zone.
Its main purpose is to indicate, in the case of a child missing from near home, whether or not there is a reason to fear an abduction.
= Most often, the offenders used a vehicle of some kind in the abduction.
This indicates that my device must have some means of telling whether the child has moved into a vehicle.
3 = Force was the top method used against children This means that the device should have a means of detecting that the child is no longer alone and perhaps struggling or running.
= Children got away from offenders in a variety of ways, including ignoring or refusing them, using their cell phones to threaten intervention, fighting, screaming/making noise, child or adult intervention and, ultimately, by the offender or child leaving the area or the child being voluntarily released. Of these ways, screaming/making noise was the only child behavior that increased the likelihood of an offender's arrest because it specifically increased the chances of adult intervention This is an important statistic that tells us that, in addition to sending a remote alarm, the device should also sound an alarm locally, so that the abductor would become aware that an alarm has been raised and abandon the attempt.
In view of the foregoing, the device should have:
= A way to obtain the child's location (to see whether off track or outside perimeter) and speed (to determine if child has entered a vehicle) = A way to determine whether the child is alone or in proximity to another person = A way to determine whether the child is struggling or being dragged.
Based on these characteristics, it was determined that my device should consist of a monitor (transmitter) worn by the child, and a listener (receiver) located in the home. The transmitter should have the following components:
= A Global Positioning System (GPS) module to obtain location and speed information = An infra-red (heat detecting) sensor to obtain proximity information = A tilt sensor to determine whether the child is upright or not (on being dragged, the child will likely be leaning).
= Audio and visual alarm generating modules.
= Children got away from offenders in a variety of ways, including ignoring or refusing them, using their cell phones to threaten intervention, fighting, screaming/making noise, child or adult intervention and, ultimately, by the offender or child leaving the area or the child being voluntarily released. Of these ways, screaming/making noise was the only child behavior that increased the likelihood of an offender's arrest because it specifically increased the chances of adult intervention This is an important statistic that tells us that, in addition to sending a remote alarm, the device should also sound an alarm locally, so that the abductor would become aware that an alarm has been raised and abandon the attempt.
In view of the foregoing, the device should have:
= A way to obtain the child's location (to see whether off track or outside perimeter) and speed (to determine if child has entered a vehicle) = A way to determine whether the child is alone or in proximity to another person = A way to determine whether the child is struggling or being dragged.
Based on these characteristics, it was determined that my device should consist of a monitor (transmitter) worn by the child, and a listener (receiver) located in the home. The transmitter should have the following components:
= A Global Positioning System (GPS) module to obtain location and speed information = An infra-red (heat detecting) sensor to obtain proximity information = A tilt sensor to determine whether the child is upright or not (on being dragged, the child will likely be leaning).
= Audio and visual alarm generating modules.
4 These components are readily available and are small and inexpensive. The details of these components will be described below.
As mentioned above, there are several commercially-available products with similar functionalities. These devices track location alone (through a GPS module), and so cannot differentiate between wandering and abduction events. The chief distinction between these products lies in how they send the tracking information to the parent's smartphone:
1. Long-range devices They use cellular service to monitor a child's location with no limitations on distance from the monitoring location, and are unaffected by intervening buildings. The AngelSense GPS Tracker and the Trax are examples of such devices. These devices require a cellular data plan and hence can be expensive and time-consuming to setup, especially with more than one child or when travelling outside the local carrier zone.
They are also unusable in remote locations without cellular service. Since the smartphone is used as a receiver, the alerts depend on the phone settings (speaker and airplane mode) and whether the monitoring app is running on the phone.
2. Short range (measured in feet) These devices can monitor a child's location within a very short distance (less than 50 meters) from the parent's smartphone. They use bluetooth or WiFi for communication with the monitoring station. The My Buddy Tag is an example of this class of device.
These devices require no monthly fees and can operate in areas without cellular service, but can only operate in very close proximity to the home. Since the smartphone is used as a receiver, the alerts depend on the phone settings (speaker and airplane mode) and whether the monitoring app is running on the phone.
3. Medium-range (<3 Kms) These devices can monitor a child's location when walking to school, for example or when visiting a park close to the house.They use radio-frequency (RF) transmission to transmit data to the monitoring location. They require no monthly fees, and can operate in areas without cellular service. They are very easy to setup. As far as I
could determine, my device Garuda is the only example in this category. Since the receiver is proprietary, the audible and visual alarms are independent of any other devices. Since the kidnapping detection happens on the device itself, alarms can be generated to deter the abductor. None of the other devices have this important capability.
Table 2 compares the device of the present invention with these other classes of devices, from the point of detecting abduction in the vicinity of home.
As mentioned, the monitoring system consists of:
= A mobile "monitor" module that is located on the person of the child, and = A fixed "listener" module that displays the status of the various sensors on the monitor module.
The monitor module transmits information to the listener module wirelessly at periodic intervals.
On detection of a potential abduction, the monitor module will sound an alarm locally (in the vicinity of the child), and when the listener module receives the alarm information, it will generate audible and visual alerts to apprise the guardian of the situation.
The specifications of the listener and monitor modules are derived from the requirements that they each need to satisfy.
In a broad aspect, then, the present invention relates to a device to be carried or worn by an individual to detect abduction or wandering, comprising a portable processor and sensors to detect heat, body position, location and/or acceleration, and a visual and/or auditory alarm.
Drawings and/or photographs illustrating a prototype of the present invention by way of example, are attached hereto.
The requirements, and how these requirements are met by the present invention are set out in Table 1.
Requirement Specification Must be wearable by child Tiny, portable, light-weight and battery-operated Determine if abductor is Has a front and rear infra-red approaching from front or sensor that can detect rear presence of nearby humans Determine if child is being Has tilt sensor to measure dragged or carried whether the child is upright or not Determine if child is outside Has a GPS sensor to defined perimeter or far from determne current location of configured track child Allows creation and storage of custom perimeter or way-point track using GPS-based location Has mechanism for detecting track deviation and perimeter violation Determine if child is stopped, Has GPS sensor that can walking, running or in vehicle provide speed information Sound alarm locally with Has speaker to generate audible and visual alerts to audible alarm warn off the abductor Has flashing light to indicate an alert Communicate status Uses radio-frequency periodically to listener communication to meet the module located less than two distance requirement kilometers away Has a radio-frequency transmitter to send the information to the remote location Receives information from Has radio-frequency receiver transmitter on monitor tuned to same frequency as module transmitter Sound alarm locally with Has speaker to generate audible and visual alerts to audible alarm warn off the abductor Has display to clearly indicate status to parent/guardian Invention Compared to other Devices Property Long-range Short-range Medium-range Examples AngelSense, Trax MyBuddyTag Invention Transmitter Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Receiver Standard Standard Proprietary (smartphone) (smartphone) Ability to use Only in areas of Anywhere Anywhere anywhere cellular service Cost Medium to high Low Low Frequency 30 sec - 15 minutes Seconds Seconds (of location update) Abduction Detection None None Yes Alarm None None Yes (to discourage abductor) Alarm SMS/App App Audio/Visual (to alert guardian) (Phone setting) (Phone setting) Perimeter Circle Custom (Polygon) Custom (Polygon) Way-point deviation Long-term No Immediate The device of the present invention comprises the following elements:
= Monitor module = 1.5V Battery pack = Plastic prototype box and printed circuit board (PCB) = Speaker (audible local alarm) = Light-emitting diode (LED) for status and visual local alarm = RF Transmitter = Programmable micro-controller (for storing way-points and algorithms) = LCD display for showing status locally = Power indicator light = GPS Sensor = Two infra-red motion detectors (front and rear) = Tilt sensor = Push-button for configuring track or perimeter way-points Procedure Unit testing The following tests verify the behavior of the sensors and output devices in isolation.
Push button = Check that the LCD displays correctly show the correct speed status message when push-button is depressed for different periods o SHORT press when depressed for less than three seconds o MEDIUM press when depressed for 7-13 seconds o LONG press when depressed for 17-24 seconds o VERY LONG press when depressed for 30-50 seconds Perimeter configuration and violation check = Turn on the power to the monitor and listener = LONG press of the push-button (around 20 seconds) to clear all stored locations = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds) to start configuration = Move to the first location in the perimeter o SHORT press of the push-button (1-2 seconds) to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show one point stored currently = Move to a second location about 40 feet away o SHORT press of the push-button (1-2 seconds) to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show two points stored currently = Move to a third location about 40 feet away away from both the first and the second points so that a perimeter in the shape of a triangle is formed o SHORT press of the push-button (1-2 seconds) to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show three points stored currently = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds)to complete perimeter configuration o Verify that the LED light changes from green to blue = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds) to start monitoring location o Verify that the LCD indicates that monitoring of region has commenced = Move around inside the triangle for a minute o check that the LCD displays report no perimeter violation o Check that the LCD displays correctly show the identifier of the stored point closest to the current position = Move outside the perimeter by about 40 feet o Verify that audio alarm sounds o Verify that LED color changes to red o Verify that LCD displays indicate perimeter violation o Check that the LCD displays correctly show the identifier of the stored point closest to the current position Track-point configuration and violation check = Turn on the power to the monitor and listener = LONG press of the push-button (around 20 seconds) to clear all stored locations = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds) to start configuration = Move to the first location on the track o SHORT press of the push-button (around 1-2 seconds) to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show one point stored currently = Move to a second location about 40 feet away o SHORT press of the push-button (around 1-2 seconds)to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show two points stored currently = Move to a third location about 40 feet away from the previous point, so that the three points are roughly in a straight line.
o SHORT press of the push-button (around 1-2 seconds) to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show three points stored currently = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds) to complete track configuration O Verify that the LED light changes from green to blue = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds) to start monitoring location O Verify that the LCD indicates that monitoring of track has commenced = Move on the line between the three way-points for a minute O Check that the LCD displays report no track violation O Check that the LCD displays correctly show the identifier of the stored point closest to the current position = Move away from the track and note the distance from the track at which the alarm sounds on monitor and listening devices.
O Verify that audio alarm sounds O Verify that LED color changes to red O Verify that LCD displays indicate track violation O Check that the LCD displays correctly show the identifier of the stored point closest to the current position Speed detection = Check that the LCD displays correctly show the correct speed status message when O stationary (STOP) O walking (WALK) O running (RUN) O in a vehicle (VEHI) Detection of human in front and to the rear = Check that the LCD displays correctly show the correct motion sensor status message when o a person is in front of the monitor (MOT F) o a person is in front of the monitor (MOT R) o no one is in front of the monitor or to the rear (MOT N) o someone is in front of the monitor as well as to the rear (MOT B) Tilt sensing = Check that the LCD displays correctly show the correct tilt sensor status message when o the person wearing the monitor is upright (TILT Y) o the person wearing the monitor leans in any direction (TILT N) Distance between monitor and listener devices = Move the monitor device away from the listener device until communication is lost o Note the approximate distance at which this happens o Repeat the test in different terrain and with a variety of intervening obstacles such as walls, trees and buildings.
Integration testing Now, the functionality of the monitor module as a whole, with multiple sensor inputs activated, is verified.
Though the system described consists of a monitor and a listener module, for prototyping and demonstration purposes, the monitor module alone was constructed. However, the monitor module was equipped with an LCD display (which would normally be found on the listener module), so that one could see the status and alarms that would normally be visible at the listener end without actually building the radio transmitter and receiver.
Therefore, the tests described in relation to distance, to verify communication between monitor and listener modules, were not carried out.
False alarm avoidance During testing, the rear motion sensor would always be triggered when one held the device in their hand. To avoid false alarms from my own motion, only the signal from the front motion sensor was used to detect if anyone else was near, to trigger an alarm. In actual use, the rear sensor will be enabled, but the front sensor may not be as useful as it could be triggered by the child's hand or head motions.
Instead of using the current tilt and motion sensor readings to decide on the action to be performed every 10 seconds, the tilt sensor and the two motion sensor signals are sampled every half second and stored in a list of size 120 (i.e the list can store one minute's worth of samples). Whenever the actual number of samples in the list exceeds 60 (i.e the sensor has been "ON" for at least 30 seconds), the sensor is considered to be active i.e motion or tilt is considered to have occurred. Old samples are removed to make way for new samples in the list. This way, even when a sensor becomes active, it will not remain active beyond a minute unless the sensor activation persists.
Motion sensor sensitivity The motion sensor was tested to find the maximum distance at which it could reliably detect motion. The sensor was placed at a fixed location on a table and then moved a fixed distance away. A hand was moved at intervals and watched to see if the sensor reliably indicated when motion was occurring. After a few tests at a given distance, subject moved to a location a few feet further away and repeated the test. The following table shows the observations:
Distance from sensor (straight ahead) Accuracy of motion detection 3 feet Reliable 6 feet Reliable 9 feet Reliable 12 feet Occasional 15 feet Occasional 18 feet No detection The above table indicates the maximum range for reliable detection is about 9 to 12 feet.
Next, subject moved in a circle of radius apporximately five feet, at various angles of the clock with straight ahead from the sensor being 12 o'clock. The following table shows the accuracy of the measurements at various angles.
Angle from position directly in front of sensor Accuracy of detection (Straight ahead position = 12 o'clock) 1 o'clock Reliable 2 o'clock Reliable 3 o'clock Occasional 4 o'clock No detection The above table shows that the sensor is able to detect motion reliably only when it occurs in front of the sensor. Also, it is less reliable when the motion is off to the side.
The rear and front sensor motion counts were checked to verify increase in the display when motion occurs in the corresponding direction, and that the counts decrease to zero after a minute if no further motion occurs.
GPS point resolution The accuracy of the GPS was measured in this section. From, a change in the fourth decimal place of latitude or longitude indicates a distance of approximately 11 meters (or 33 feet) while a change in the fifth decimal place of latitude or longitude reflects a distance of about lm. In this section, the precision of the GPS module used was determined.
In the first test, the GPS was placed in a fixed location and observed the latitude and longitude readings. The change was observed only in the fifth and sixth decimal places, so it was concluded that the GPS is accurate to 4 decimal places.
In the second test, the GPS was moved about 30 feet away from the first location. There was a corresponding stable change in the fourth decimal place, so it was concluded that the GPS
module can be used to measure distances greater than about 30 feet accurately.
Tilt sensor sensitivity The minimum angle of tilt from the vertical that the tilt sensor can distinguish was determined.
Subject slowly tilted the sensor from the vertical (12 o'clock) and observed the position at which the tilt sensor digital signal went from 0 to 1. This happened at about roughly horizontal position.
This shows that the sensor is adequately sensitive.
The tilt sensor sample count increases in the display when tilted, and that the counts decrease to zero a minute after the tilt is removed.
Speed detection Subject performed the activities of walking and running at different speeds, and noted down speed ranges to allow me to correctly identify the activity given the speed.
This led to the following classification of the GPS speed reading:
GPS Speed Range (Km / hour) Activity identified < 3 Kmph STOPPED
3 to 6 Kmph WALK
More than 20 Kmph VEHICLE
Any other value RUN
Classification with various speeds of walking and running was retested. For the vehicle identification, the GPS module in a car driven at a fixed speed of 40 kilometers per hour to see if the GPS reading would be correct. The following are test results:
Type of motion Identification (using GPS) Stationary STOPPED
Very slow walk WALK
Slow walk WALK
Fast walk WALK
Slow jog WALK
Run RUN
Sprint RUN
Transport VEHICLE
From the results in the above table, it was concluded that one could correctly identify the activity based on the GPS reading.
Perimeter violation check Based on the procedure described above, a region was marked in a neighborhood of perimeter around 500 m with about 12 points. Subject then moved inside and outside the perimeter and verified that the LCD displayed the IN/OUT status correctly.
Track violation check Based on the procedure described above, subject marked a track in the selected neighborhood of length around 120 m with four points, then moved on and off the track and verified that the LCD displayed the ON/OFF status correctly.
Integration Test Results The tests described above were performed as mentioned above where subject used the front motion sensor alone during testing, since the rear motion sensor was triggered by movement and body when held in hands.
The test for entering a bus from the last stop (RIDE) did not succeed if the vehicle accelerated slowly from the last point (DEST) on the track. Before the RIDE status could be triggered, the PURSUIT2 alarm would become active when running speed was reached, and thereafter RIDE
would never become active since it requires the absence of prior alarms.
Discussion Sources of false alarms In testing, there was an effort to eliminate as many potential false alarms as possible. For example:
= Motion detection due to nearby objects = Tilt detection when bending to tie shoelaces or falling.
= Leaving the track to take the school bus There was an effort to distinguish between wandering and abduction to make the alarms during abduction as reliable as possible.
Considerations for commercial production For use on a commercial scale, the following aspects must be considered:
= Battery life of the monitor module = Size and weight = Location on the body where the monitor module is designed to be placed = Use of multiple listener and monitor modules in the same area A central monitoring service that can simultaneously track several children on their way to school from home, or vice versa, would be possible at a low-cost using my device.
Real-world relevance As mentioned above thousands of children are reported missing each year in Canada and US.
The percentage of abductions is small, and most of these children return home safely within a day or two. The system presented in this report makes contributions on two fronts:
= In the case of abductions, studies have found the sounding of an alarm to be very important in thwarting the attempt. Also, in the case of successful abduction, statistics show that locating the child within a few hours greatly increases the chance of recovery without harm. Since the device has a mechanism for constant monitoring of abduction-related conditions, it can sound the alarm to foil an attempt, and in a case where the abduction occurs, the alarm at the listener module will give an early indication of its onset.
= In the case of wandering, this device should significantly reduce the worry that a parent of a missing child would undergo in the period before the child returns home, by showing that there was no abduction attempt.
The system of the present invention has several other features, in comparison with commercially available products (see Table 1 for details), that increase its scope of application.
= Since it does not require cellular service:
o It can be used in remote areas o It can be used when travelling internationally without the need to setup a data plan o It does not require monthly fees for the cellular data plan o It is easy to use without any cellular service setup requirements = Since it does not use short-range blue-tooth service, it can operate at a much greater distance from the listener (kilometers instead of meters) = Since it has both track and region monitoring algorithms, it can be used for regular activities such as travelling from school to home, as well as unscheduled neighborhood playtime.
= Rather than attempting to provide city-wide monitoring, it is specifically designed for the most common situation for abductions: within a few blocks of the home.
The two-module design also results in increased flexibility and wider applicability compared to commercially available products.
The monitor device only focuses on detecting abduction and wandering: As a result it has several positive attributes:
= It can be made small, inexpensive, light-weight and have long battery life = It can generate rapid updates (every 10 seconds) without compromising battery life = Simple medium-range (upto 2 Km) RF communication with listener module The listener module, on the other hand, is in a fixed location; for example, inside a home or monitoring facility. This makes it easy to extend with powerful features as it can use A/C instead of batteries and bulk not an issue. The functionality could be extended through add-on interfaces:
= To display location on a connected computer in Google Maps To use phone line, satellite service, cable service, cellular service to communicate = To use multiple formats for communication: text messaging, email = To send information to multiple recipients (anywhere in the world) including emergency services The listener module can potentially log events for later analysis, and also it is possible to monitor multiple devices at the same time.
References [1] SafeWise. (2016, September 16). 10 Wearable Safety and GPS Devices for Kids.
Safewise.com. Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://www.safewise.com/blog/10-wearable-safety-gps-devices-kids/
[2] AngelSense. (2017). The Unique Capabilities of AngelSense. AngelSense.com.
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from https://www.angelsense.com/product-tour/
[3] Trax. (2017). Trax Play GPS-Tracker for Kids and Dogs. traxfamily.com.
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from https://traxfamily.com/#features [4] Government of Canada. (2016, May 19). Canada's Missing -2015 Fast Fact Sheet.
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://www.canadasmissing.ca/pubs/2015/index-eng.htm
As mentioned above, there are several commercially-available products with similar functionalities. These devices track location alone (through a GPS module), and so cannot differentiate between wandering and abduction events. The chief distinction between these products lies in how they send the tracking information to the parent's smartphone:
1. Long-range devices They use cellular service to monitor a child's location with no limitations on distance from the monitoring location, and are unaffected by intervening buildings. The AngelSense GPS Tracker and the Trax are examples of such devices. These devices require a cellular data plan and hence can be expensive and time-consuming to setup, especially with more than one child or when travelling outside the local carrier zone.
They are also unusable in remote locations without cellular service. Since the smartphone is used as a receiver, the alerts depend on the phone settings (speaker and airplane mode) and whether the monitoring app is running on the phone.
2. Short range (measured in feet) These devices can monitor a child's location within a very short distance (less than 50 meters) from the parent's smartphone. They use bluetooth or WiFi for communication with the monitoring station. The My Buddy Tag is an example of this class of device.
These devices require no monthly fees and can operate in areas without cellular service, but can only operate in very close proximity to the home. Since the smartphone is used as a receiver, the alerts depend on the phone settings (speaker and airplane mode) and whether the monitoring app is running on the phone.
3. Medium-range (<3 Kms) These devices can monitor a child's location when walking to school, for example or when visiting a park close to the house.They use radio-frequency (RF) transmission to transmit data to the monitoring location. They require no monthly fees, and can operate in areas without cellular service. They are very easy to setup. As far as I
could determine, my device Garuda is the only example in this category. Since the receiver is proprietary, the audible and visual alarms are independent of any other devices. Since the kidnapping detection happens on the device itself, alarms can be generated to deter the abductor. None of the other devices have this important capability.
Table 2 compares the device of the present invention with these other classes of devices, from the point of detecting abduction in the vicinity of home.
As mentioned, the monitoring system consists of:
= A mobile "monitor" module that is located on the person of the child, and = A fixed "listener" module that displays the status of the various sensors on the monitor module.
The monitor module transmits information to the listener module wirelessly at periodic intervals.
On detection of a potential abduction, the monitor module will sound an alarm locally (in the vicinity of the child), and when the listener module receives the alarm information, it will generate audible and visual alerts to apprise the guardian of the situation.
The specifications of the listener and monitor modules are derived from the requirements that they each need to satisfy.
In a broad aspect, then, the present invention relates to a device to be carried or worn by an individual to detect abduction or wandering, comprising a portable processor and sensors to detect heat, body position, location and/or acceleration, and a visual and/or auditory alarm.
Drawings and/or photographs illustrating a prototype of the present invention by way of example, are attached hereto.
The requirements, and how these requirements are met by the present invention are set out in Table 1.
Requirement Specification Must be wearable by child Tiny, portable, light-weight and battery-operated Determine if abductor is Has a front and rear infra-red approaching from front or sensor that can detect rear presence of nearby humans Determine if child is being Has tilt sensor to measure dragged or carried whether the child is upright or not Determine if child is outside Has a GPS sensor to defined perimeter or far from determne current location of configured track child Allows creation and storage of custom perimeter or way-point track using GPS-based location Has mechanism for detecting track deviation and perimeter violation Determine if child is stopped, Has GPS sensor that can walking, running or in vehicle provide speed information Sound alarm locally with Has speaker to generate audible and visual alerts to audible alarm warn off the abductor Has flashing light to indicate an alert Communicate status Uses radio-frequency periodically to listener communication to meet the module located less than two distance requirement kilometers away Has a radio-frequency transmitter to send the information to the remote location Receives information from Has radio-frequency receiver transmitter on monitor tuned to same frequency as module transmitter Sound alarm locally with Has speaker to generate audible and visual alerts to audible alarm warn off the abductor Has display to clearly indicate status to parent/guardian Invention Compared to other Devices Property Long-range Short-range Medium-range Examples AngelSense, Trax MyBuddyTag Invention Transmitter Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Receiver Standard Standard Proprietary (smartphone) (smartphone) Ability to use Only in areas of Anywhere Anywhere anywhere cellular service Cost Medium to high Low Low Frequency 30 sec - 15 minutes Seconds Seconds (of location update) Abduction Detection None None Yes Alarm None None Yes (to discourage abductor) Alarm SMS/App App Audio/Visual (to alert guardian) (Phone setting) (Phone setting) Perimeter Circle Custom (Polygon) Custom (Polygon) Way-point deviation Long-term No Immediate The device of the present invention comprises the following elements:
= Monitor module = 1.5V Battery pack = Plastic prototype box and printed circuit board (PCB) = Speaker (audible local alarm) = Light-emitting diode (LED) for status and visual local alarm = RF Transmitter = Programmable micro-controller (for storing way-points and algorithms) = LCD display for showing status locally = Power indicator light = GPS Sensor = Two infra-red motion detectors (front and rear) = Tilt sensor = Push-button for configuring track or perimeter way-points Procedure Unit testing The following tests verify the behavior of the sensors and output devices in isolation.
Push button = Check that the LCD displays correctly show the correct speed status message when push-button is depressed for different periods o SHORT press when depressed for less than three seconds o MEDIUM press when depressed for 7-13 seconds o LONG press when depressed for 17-24 seconds o VERY LONG press when depressed for 30-50 seconds Perimeter configuration and violation check = Turn on the power to the monitor and listener = LONG press of the push-button (around 20 seconds) to clear all stored locations = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds) to start configuration = Move to the first location in the perimeter o SHORT press of the push-button (1-2 seconds) to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show one point stored currently = Move to a second location about 40 feet away o SHORT press of the push-button (1-2 seconds) to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show two points stored currently = Move to a third location about 40 feet away away from both the first and the second points so that a perimeter in the shape of a triangle is formed o SHORT press of the push-button (1-2 seconds) to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show three points stored currently = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds)to complete perimeter configuration o Verify that the LED light changes from green to blue = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds) to start monitoring location o Verify that the LCD indicates that monitoring of region has commenced = Move around inside the triangle for a minute o check that the LCD displays report no perimeter violation o Check that the LCD displays correctly show the identifier of the stored point closest to the current position = Move outside the perimeter by about 40 feet o Verify that audio alarm sounds o Verify that LED color changes to red o Verify that LCD displays indicate perimeter violation o Check that the LCD displays correctly show the identifier of the stored point closest to the current position Track-point configuration and violation check = Turn on the power to the monitor and listener = LONG press of the push-button (around 20 seconds) to clear all stored locations = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds) to start configuration = Move to the first location on the track o SHORT press of the push-button (around 1-2 seconds) to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show one point stored currently = Move to a second location about 40 feet away o SHORT press of the push-button (around 1-2 seconds)to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show two points stored currently = Move to a third location about 40 feet away from the previous point, so that the three points are roughly in a straight line.
o SHORT press of the push-button (around 1-2 seconds) to record its co-ordinates o Verify the LCD displays at monitor and listener show three points stored currently = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds) to complete track configuration O Verify that the LED light changes from green to blue = MEDIUM press of the push-button (around 10 seconds) to start monitoring location O Verify that the LCD indicates that monitoring of track has commenced = Move on the line between the three way-points for a minute O Check that the LCD displays report no track violation O Check that the LCD displays correctly show the identifier of the stored point closest to the current position = Move away from the track and note the distance from the track at which the alarm sounds on monitor and listening devices.
O Verify that audio alarm sounds O Verify that LED color changes to red O Verify that LCD displays indicate track violation O Check that the LCD displays correctly show the identifier of the stored point closest to the current position Speed detection = Check that the LCD displays correctly show the correct speed status message when O stationary (STOP) O walking (WALK) O running (RUN) O in a vehicle (VEHI) Detection of human in front and to the rear = Check that the LCD displays correctly show the correct motion sensor status message when o a person is in front of the monitor (MOT F) o a person is in front of the monitor (MOT R) o no one is in front of the monitor or to the rear (MOT N) o someone is in front of the monitor as well as to the rear (MOT B) Tilt sensing = Check that the LCD displays correctly show the correct tilt sensor status message when o the person wearing the monitor is upright (TILT Y) o the person wearing the monitor leans in any direction (TILT N) Distance between monitor and listener devices = Move the monitor device away from the listener device until communication is lost o Note the approximate distance at which this happens o Repeat the test in different terrain and with a variety of intervening obstacles such as walls, trees and buildings.
Integration testing Now, the functionality of the monitor module as a whole, with multiple sensor inputs activated, is verified.
Though the system described consists of a monitor and a listener module, for prototyping and demonstration purposes, the monitor module alone was constructed. However, the monitor module was equipped with an LCD display (which would normally be found on the listener module), so that one could see the status and alarms that would normally be visible at the listener end without actually building the radio transmitter and receiver.
Therefore, the tests described in relation to distance, to verify communication between monitor and listener modules, were not carried out.
False alarm avoidance During testing, the rear motion sensor would always be triggered when one held the device in their hand. To avoid false alarms from my own motion, only the signal from the front motion sensor was used to detect if anyone else was near, to trigger an alarm. In actual use, the rear sensor will be enabled, but the front sensor may not be as useful as it could be triggered by the child's hand or head motions.
Instead of using the current tilt and motion sensor readings to decide on the action to be performed every 10 seconds, the tilt sensor and the two motion sensor signals are sampled every half second and stored in a list of size 120 (i.e the list can store one minute's worth of samples). Whenever the actual number of samples in the list exceeds 60 (i.e the sensor has been "ON" for at least 30 seconds), the sensor is considered to be active i.e motion or tilt is considered to have occurred. Old samples are removed to make way for new samples in the list. This way, even when a sensor becomes active, it will not remain active beyond a minute unless the sensor activation persists.
Motion sensor sensitivity The motion sensor was tested to find the maximum distance at which it could reliably detect motion. The sensor was placed at a fixed location on a table and then moved a fixed distance away. A hand was moved at intervals and watched to see if the sensor reliably indicated when motion was occurring. After a few tests at a given distance, subject moved to a location a few feet further away and repeated the test. The following table shows the observations:
Distance from sensor (straight ahead) Accuracy of motion detection 3 feet Reliable 6 feet Reliable 9 feet Reliable 12 feet Occasional 15 feet Occasional 18 feet No detection The above table indicates the maximum range for reliable detection is about 9 to 12 feet.
Next, subject moved in a circle of radius apporximately five feet, at various angles of the clock with straight ahead from the sensor being 12 o'clock. The following table shows the accuracy of the measurements at various angles.
Angle from position directly in front of sensor Accuracy of detection (Straight ahead position = 12 o'clock) 1 o'clock Reliable 2 o'clock Reliable 3 o'clock Occasional 4 o'clock No detection The above table shows that the sensor is able to detect motion reliably only when it occurs in front of the sensor. Also, it is less reliable when the motion is off to the side.
The rear and front sensor motion counts were checked to verify increase in the display when motion occurs in the corresponding direction, and that the counts decrease to zero after a minute if no further motion occurs.
GPS point resolution The accuracy of the GPS was measured in this section. From, a change in the fourth decimal place of latitude or longitude indicates a distance of approximately 11 meters (or 33 feet) while a change in the fifth decimal place of latitude or longitude reflects a distance of about lm. In this section, the precision of the GPS module used was determined.
In the first test, the GPS was placed in a fixed location and observed the latitude and longitude readings. The change was observed only in the fifth and sixth decimal places, so it was concluded that the GPS is accurate to 4 decimal places.
In the second test, the GPS was moved about 30 feet away from the first location. There was a corresponding stable change in the fourth decimal place, so it was concluded that the GPS
module can be used to measure distances greater than about 30 feet accurately.
Tilt sensor sensitivity The minimum angle of tilt from the vertical that the tilt sensor can distinguish was determined.
Subject slowly tilted the sensor from the vertical (12 o'clock) and observed the position at which the tilt sensor digital signal went from 0 to 1. This happened at about roughly horizontal position.
This shows that the sensor is adequately sensitive.
The tilt sensor sample count increases in the display when tilted, and that the counts decrease to zero a minute after the tilt is removed.
Speed detection Subject performed the activities of walking and running at different speeds, and noted down speed ranges to allow me to correctly identify the activity given the speed.
This led to the following classification of the GPS speed reading:
GPS Speed Range (Km / hour) Activity identified < 3 Kmph STOPPED
3 to 6 Kmph WALK
More than 20 Kmph VEHICLE
Any other value RUN
Classification with various speeds of walking and running was retested. For the vehicle identification, the GPS module in a car driven at a fixed speed of 40 kilometers per hour to see if the GPS reading would be correct. The following are test results:
Type of motion Identification (using GPS) Stationary STOPPED
Very slow walk WALK
Slow walk WALK
Fast walk WALK
Slow jog WALK
Run RUN
Sprint RUN
Transport VEHICLE
From the results in the above table, it was concluded that one could correctly identify the activity based on the GPS reading.
Perimeter violation check Based on the procedure described above, a region was marked in a neighborhood of perimeter around 500 m with about 12 points. Subject then moved inside and outside the perimeter and verified that the LCD displayed the IN/OUT status correctly.
Track violation check Based on the procedure described above, subject marked a track in the selected neighborhood of length around 120 m with four points, then moved on and off the track and verified that the LCD displayed the ON/OFF status correctly.
Integration Test Results The tests described above were performed as mentioned above where subject used the front motion sensor alone during testing, since the rear motion sensor was triggered by movement and body when held in hands.
The test for entering a bus from the last stop (RIDE) did not succeed if the vehicle accelerated slowly from the last point (DEST) on the track. Before the RIDE status could be triggered, the PURSUIT2 alarm would become active when running speed was reached, and thereafter RIDE
would never become active since it requires the absence of prior alarms.
Discussion Sources of false alarms In testing, there was an effort to eliminate as many potential false alarms as possible. For example:
= Motion detection due to nearby objects = Tilt detection when bending to tie shoelaces or falling.
= Leaving the track to take the school bus There was an effort to distinguish between wandering and abduction to make the alarms during abduction as reliable as possible.
Considerations for commercial production For use on a commercial scale, the following aspects must be considered:
= Battery life of the monitor module = Size and weight = Location on the body where the monitor module is designed to be placed = Use of multiple listener and monitor modules in the same area A central monitoring service that can simultaneously track several children on their way to school from home, or vice versa, would be possible at a low-cost using my device.
Real-world relevance As mentioned above thousands of children are reported missing each year in Canada and US.
The percentage of abductions is small, and most of these children return home safely within a day or two. The system presented in this report makes contributions on two fronts:
= In the case of abductions, studies have found the sounding of an alarm to be very important in thwarting the attempt. Also, in the case of successful abduction, statistics show that locating the child within a few hours greatly increases the chance of recovery without harm. Since the device has a mechanism for constant monitoring of abduction-related conditions, it can sound the alarm to foil an attempt, and in a case where the abduction occurs, the alarm at the listener module will give an early indication of its onset.
= In the case of wandering, this device should significantly reduce the worry that a parent of a missing child would undergo in the period before the child returns home, by showing that there was no abduction attempt.
The system of the present invention has several other features, in comparison with commercially available products (see Table 1 for details), that increase its scope of application.
= Since it does not require cellular service:
o It can be used in remote areas o It can be used when travelling internationally without the need to setup a data plan o It does not require monthly fees for the cellular data plan o It is easy to use without any cellular service setup requirements = Since it does not use short-range blue-tooth service, it can operate at a much greater distance from the listener (kilometers instead of meters) = Since it has both track and region monitoring algorithms, it can be used for regular activities such as travelling from school to home, as well as unscheduled neighborhood playtime.
= Rather than attempting to provide city-wide monitoring, it is specifically designed for the most common situation for abductions: within a few blocks of the home.
The two-module design also results in increased flexibility and wider applicability compared to commercially available products.
The monitor device only focuses on detecting abduction and wandering: As a result it has several positive attributes:
= It can be made small, inexpensive, light-weight and have long battery life = It can generate rapid updates (every 10 seconds) without compromising battery life = Simple medium-range (upto 2 Km) RF communication with listener module The listener module, on the other hand, is in a fixed location; for example, inside a home or monitoring facility. This makes it easy to extend with powerful features as it can use A/C instead of batteries and bulk not an issue. The functionality could be extended through add-on interfaces:
= To display location on a connected computer in Google Maps To use phone line, satellite service, cable service, cellular service to communicate = To use multiple formats for communication: text messaging, email = To send information to multiple recipients (anywhere in the world) including emergency services The listener module can potentially log events for later analysis, and also it is possible to monitor multiple devices at the same time.
References [1] SafeWise. (2016, September 16). 10 Wearable Safety and GPS Devices for Kids.
Safewise.com. Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://www.safewise.com/blog/10-wearable-safety-gps-devices-kids/
[2] AngelSense. (2017). The Unique Capabilities of AngelSense. AngelSense.com.
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from https://www.angelsense.com/product-tour/
[3] Trax. (2017). Trax Play GPS-Tracker for Kids and Dogs. traxfamily.com.
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from https://traxfamily.com/#features [4] Government of Canada. (2016, May 19). Canada's Missing -2015 Fast Fact Sheet.
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://www.canadasmissing.ca/pubs/2015/index-eng.htm
[5] Cribb, Robert. (2016, May 25). Child abduction and murder data paint chilling new portrait.
Toronto Star. Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2016/05/25/child-abduction-and-murder-data-paint-chilling-new-portrait.html
Toronto Star. Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2016/05/25/child-abduction-and-murder-data-paint-chilling-new-portrait.html
[6] National Center for Missing & Exploited Children. (2016 June). A 10-Year Analysis of Attempted Abductions and Related incidents. NCMEC. Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://vvvvw.missingkids.org/en_US/documents/AttemptedAbductions_10YearAnalysis _June201 6.pdf
[7] National Center for Missing & Exploited Children. (2016). Missing Children ¨ Key Facts.
NCMEC. Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://www.missingkids.com/KeyFacts
NCMEC. Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://www.missingkids.com/KeyFacts
[8] Bilich, Karin. (2016, Feb 15). Child Abduction Facts. Parents.com.
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://vvww.parents.com/kids/safety/stranger-safety/child-abduction-facts/
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://vvww.parents.com/kids/safety/stranger-safety/child-abduction-facts/
[9] My Buddy Tag FAQ. Child Safety Wristband and Tag. MyBuddyTag.com.
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://www.mybuddytag.com/faq
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://www.mybuddytag.com/faq
[10] Huber, W. (2015, April 9). Measuring accuracy of latitude and longitude.
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/8650/measuring-accuracy-of-latitude-and-longitude/8674#8674 Appendix A - Component documentation Component Documentation Teensy https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/pinout.html GPS
https://vvww.arduino.cc/documents/datasheets/E000026_gpsShieldv1_PA6B-Datasheet-A07.pdf Motion http://www.robotshop.com/ca/en/parallax-pir-motion-sensor.html sensor Tilt sensor http://www.robotshop.com/ca/en/gravity-tilt-sensor.html LCD https://www.parallax.com/sites/default/files/downloads/27979-Parallax-Serial-LCDs-Product-Guide-v3.1.pdf
Retrieved Jan 20, 2017 from http://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/8650/measuring-accuracy-of-latitude-and-longitude/8674#8674 Appendix A - Component documentation Component Documentation Teensy https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/pinout.html GPS
https://vvww.arduino.cc/documents/datasheets/E000026_gpsShieldv1_PA6B-Datasheet-A07.pdf Motion http://www.robotshop.com/ca/en/parallax-pir-motion-sensor.html sensor Tilt sensor http://www.robotshop.com/ca/en/gravity-tilt-sensor.html LCD https://www.parallax.com/sites/default/files/downloads/27979-Parallax-Serial-LCDs-Product-Guide-v3.1.pdf
Claims (3)
1. A device to be carried or worn by an individual to detect abduction or wandering, comprising a portable processor and sensors to detect heat, body position, location and/or acceleration, and a visual and/or auditory alarm.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, including a transmitter to relay information from said sensors to a receiver.
3. A system for detecting abduction and/or wandering including a device as claimed in claim 2, and a receiver including a processor configured to receive the sensor data from the device, and assess whether the individual wearing the device is in danger.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2962865A CA2962865A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-03-30 | Device for early detection of child abduction or wandering |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2962865A CA2962865A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-03-30 | Device for early detection of child abduction or wandering |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2962865A1 true CA2962865A1 (en) | 2018-09-30 |
Family
ID=63709058
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2962865A Abandoned CA2962865A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-03-30 | Device for early detection of child abduction or wandering |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2962865A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109243141A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-18 | 来邦科技股份公司 | A kind of monitoring and alarming system and method |
| CN113112745A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-13 | 甄十信息科技（上海）有限公司 | Watch with accident recording function |
| CN114399885A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-26 | 重庆电子工程职业学院 | Tracking system and method based on intelligent wearable equipment |
-
2017
- 2017-03-30 CA CA2962865A patent/CA2962865A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109243141A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-18 | 来邦科技股份公司 | A kind of monitoring and alarming system and method |
| CN109243141B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2024-03-22 | 来邦科技股份公司 | Monitoring alarm system and method |
| CN113112745A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-13 | 甄十信息科技（上海）有限公司 | Watch with accident recording function |
| CN114399885A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-26 | 重庆电子工程职业学院 | Tracking system and method based on intelligent wearable equipment |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9366746B2 (en) | Comprehensive system and method of universal real-time linking of real objects to a machine, network, internet, or software service | |
| US20200092683A1 (en) | Sticker location device and associated methods | |
| US20180190103A1 (en) | Tracking Device Programs, Systems and Methods | |
| JP5972858B2 (en) | Target search system and search method thereof | |
| US20140225730A1 (en) | Wearable Personal Locator Device with Removal Indicator | |
| US20120086574A1 (en) | Tracking and alert apparatus, system and method | |
| US8988284B2 (en) | System and method for tracking lost subjects | |
| ES2848178T3 (en) | Method and system to identify a location of a container within a group of containers | |
| CA2962865A1 (en) | Device for early detection of child abduction or wandering | |
| KR20170009265A (en) | Black box device for children, system and method for managing safety using the same | |
| CN104218965A (en) | Portable box-type tracker | |
| JP5882426B1 (en) | Information processing system, information processing apparatus, information processing method, and program | |
| TWI583983B (en) | Bluetooth positioning system and method | |
| AU2021105326A4 (en) | Method for Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and GPS based system for child health monitoring and movement tracking | |
| US10546477B2 (en) | Method and system for monitoring the safety of field workers | |
| US20190164401A1 (en) | Object tracking system | |
| JP7341118B2 (en) | System and method for registering the location of lost items | |
| WO2018042235A1 (en) | Method and system for detecting triggering of a trap for small animals | |
| WO2015004510A1 (en) | A novel safe guard device as insurance for life | |
| US20240105047A1 (en) | Position search system and position search method | |
| AU2021104782A4 (en) | Internet of Things (IoT) sensors-based system for child monitoring & method thereof | |
| JP2016077002A (en) | Information processing system, information processing device, information processing method, and program | |
| JP2016066122A (en) | Warning system | |
| KR20230115093A (en) | Child safety accident prevention system using smart sensor | |
| CN204442367U (en) | There is the body-worn table part of whereabouts and motion detection and management function |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |
Effective date: 20200831 |