CA2959004A1 - Composition for improving cognitive function - Google Patents
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- CA2959004A1 CA2959004A1 CA2959004A CA2959004A CA2959004A1 CA 2959004 A1 CA2959004 A1 CA 2959004A1 CA 2959004 A CA2959004 A CA 2959004A CA 2959004 A CA2959004 A CA 2959004A CA 2959004 A1 CA2959004 A1 CA 2959004A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/26—Psychostimulants, e.g. nicotine, cocaine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid, pantothenic acid
- A61K31/198—Alpha-aminoacids, e.g. alanine, edetic acids [EDTA]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
- A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
- A61K31/404—Indoles, e.g. pindolol
- A61K31/405—Indole-alkanecarboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. tryptophan, indomethacin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4415—Pyridoxine, i.e. Vitamin B6
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/52—Purines, e.g. adenine
- A61K31/522—Purines, e.g. adenine having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. hypoxanthine, guanine, acyclovir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7028—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages
- A61K31/7034—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/41—Crassulaceae (Stonecrop family)
Abstract
Embodiments of the invention provide a composition for improving cognitive function in a subject. The composition includes caffeine, mood enhancers, and neutrotransmitter precursors.
Description
Composition for Improving Cognitive Function FIELD
The invention relates to a composition to improve cognitive function and use thereof.
BACKGROUND
Caffeine may be consumed to enhance wakefulness and cognitive performance, typically by ingesting beverages that include caffeine, such as coffee. A deficiency of such a caffeine source is the lack of complementary ingredients to assist with reducing negative side-effects of caffeine consumption such as anxiety, jitteriness, and headache.
Traditional stimulants that improve cognitive performance act on neurotransmission mechanisms in the brain. One common mechanism includes the release of neurotransmitters involved in motivation, attention, and learning, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Such traditional stimulants are not designed to replenish these neurotransmitters once they are released and degraded in the brain.
Currently available ingestible products that are marketed as boosting cognitive performance, such as Brainergy (EVO-X Health Products (USA)) similarly lack effective ingredients or sufficient amounts of effective ingredients to contribute in replenishing neurotransmitters.
SUMMARY
An aspect of the invention provides a composition comprising L-tyrosine, caffeine, L-theanine, Rhodiola rosea extract, pyridoxine hydrochloride (HCL), and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP). In some embodiments, the dosage amount of L-tyrosine is about 200 to about 1000 mg. In some embodiments, the dosage amount of caffeine is about 50 to about 250 mg. In some embodiments, the dosage amount of L-theanine is about 50 to about 400 mg. In some embodiments, the dosage amount of Rhodiola rosea extract is about 20 to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, the Rhodiola rosea extract comprises about 3% salidroside. In some embodiments, the dosage amount of pyridoxine HCI is about 10 to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the dosage amount of 5-HTP is about 5 to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is orally-administered. In certain embodiments, the composition is in capsule form. In other embodiments, the composition is in powder form. In other.
embodiments, the composition is in liquid form. In other embodiments, the composition is a dietary supplement. In other embodiments, the composition is included in food or drink.
In one embodiment, the composition comprises 500 mg of L-tyrosine, 200 mg of caffeine, 160 mg of L-theanine, 80 mg of Rhodiola rosea extract, 40 mg of pyridoxine HCL, and 20 mg of 5-HTP.
In another aspect, the invention provides use of the composition of the above embodiments for improving cognitive performance.
Another aspect of the invention provides a method of improving cognitive performance comprising ingesting the composition of the above embodiments.
Another aspect of the invention provides a composition for enhancing cognitive function comprising L-tyrosine, caffeine, L-theanine, Rhodiola rosea extract, pyridoxine HCL, and 5-HTP.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
The invention relates to a composition to improve cognitive function and use thereof.
BACKGROUND
Caffeine may be consumed to enhance wakefulness and cognitive performance, typically by ingesting beverages that include caffeine, such as coffee. A deficiency of such a caffeine source is the lack of complementary ingredients to assist with reducing negative side-effects of caffeine consumption such as anxiety, jitteriness, and headache.
Traditional stimulants that improve cognitive performance act on neurotransmission mechanisms in the brain. One common mechanism includes the release of neurotransmitters involved in motivation, attention, and learning, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Such traditional stimulants are not designed to replenish these neurotransmitters once they are released and degraded in the brain.
Currently available ingestible products that are marketed as boosting cognitive performance, such as Brainergy (EVO-X Health Products (USA)) similarly lack effective ingredients or sufficient amounts of effective ingredients to contribute in replenishing neurotransmitters.
SUMMARY
An aspect of the invention provides a composition comprising L-tyrosine, caffeine, L-theanine, Rhodiola rosea extract, pyridoxine hydrochloride (HCL), and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP). In some embodiments, the dosage amount of L-tyrosine is about 200 to about 1000 mg. In some embodiments, the dosage amount of caffeine is about 50 to about 250 mg. In some embodiments, the dosage amount of L-theanine is about 50 to about 400 mg. In some embodiments, the dosage amount of Rhodiola rosea extract is about 20 to about 200 mg. In some embodiments, the Rhodiola rosea extract comprises about 3% salidroside. In some embodiments, the dosage amount of pyridoxine HCI is about 10 to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the dosage amount of 5-HTP is about 5 to about 50 mg. In some embodiments, the composition is orally-administered. In certain embodiments, the composition is in capsule form. In other embodiments, the composition is in powder form. In other.
embodiments, the composition is in liquid form. In other embodiments, the composition is a dietary supplement. In other embodiments, the composition is included in food or drink.
In one embodiment, the composition comprises 500 mg of L-tyrosine, 200 mg of caffeine, 160 mg of L-theanine, 80 mg of Rhodiola rosea extract, 40 mg of pyridoxine HCL, and 20 mg of 5-HTP.
In another aspect, the invention provides use of the composition of the above embodiments for improving cognitive performance.
Another aspect of the invention provides a method of improving cognitive performance comprising ingesting the composition of the above embodiments.
Another aspect of the invention provides a composition for enhancing cognitive function comprising L-tyrosine, caffeine, L-theanine, Rhodiola rosea extract, pyridoxine HCL, and 5-HTP.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
2 - __________________________________________________ .04 5, __ 545, There is a need for a stimulant that provides caffeine together with ingredients that alleviate caffeine's negative side effects as well as ingredients that provide the body with what it needs to replenish neurotransmitters.
One aspect of the invention relates to a composition that stimulates the brain to improve cognitive performance, provides building blocks for the body to replenish neurotransmitters, and diminishes, reduces, or eliminates negative side effects of caffeine consumption. Examples of enhancing cognitive performance include increasing wakefulness and/or mental acuity. Examples of negative side effects include jitteriness, anxiety, headache, and other undesired effects that are associated with caffeine intake. Through a combination of ingredients, the composition described herein enhances cognitive performance and diminishes, reduces, or eliminates such negative side effects in a user.
The term "user" refers to a subject that ingests the composition. The embodiments are intended primarily, but not exclusively, for use with human subjects.
Thus, provided herein are compositions for consumption that may be used to provide desired effects of enhancing cognitive performance and replenishing neurotransmitters, and inhibiting undesired effects of caffeine.
As used herein, the term "dose" refers to a recommended ingestion amount for a subject that is of average mass (e.g., 50-100 kg). For a subject whose body mass falls outside of the average range, ingestion amounts may be adjusted accordingly.
In some embodiments, the composition is provided in capsule form for oral consumption (i.e., ingestion). In other embodiments, the composition is provided in a powder form, and may be added to food or drink for ingestion. In some embodiments, the composition is formulated as a dietary supplement. In some embodiments, the supplement is provided in a liquid form for ingestion as
One aspect of the invention relates to a composition that stimulates the brain to improve cognitive performance, provides building blocks for the body to replenish neurotransmitters, and diminishes, reduces, or eliminates negative side effects of caffeine consumption. Examples of enhancing cognitive performance include increasing wakefulness and/or mental acuity. Examples of negative side effects include jitteriness, anxiety, headache, and other undesired effects that are associated with caffeine intake. Through a combination of ingredients, the composition described herein enhances cognitive performance and diminishes, reduces, or eliminates such negative side effects in a user.
The term "user" refers to a subject that ingests the composition. The embodiments are intended primarily, but not exclusively, for use with human subjects.
Thus, provided herein are compositions for consumption that may be used to provide desired effects of enhancing cognitive performance and replenishing neurotransmitters, and inhibiting undesired effects of caffeine.
As used herein, the term "dose" refers to a recommended ingestion amount for a subject that is of average mass (e.g., 50-100 kg). For a subject whose body mass falls outside of the average range, ingestion amounts may be adjusted accordingly.
In some embodiments, the composition is provided in capsule form for oral consumption (i.e., ingestion). In other embodiments, the composition is provided in a powder form, and may be added to food or drink for ingestion. In some embodiments, the composition is formulated as a dietary supplement. In some embodiments, the supplement is provided in a liquid form for ingestion as
3 drops, or in measured portions (e.g., mL or spoonfuls). In some embodiments, the composition may be applied transdermally. In some embodiments, the composition may be added to food for ingestion by eating. In some embodiments, the composition may be added to a liquid for ingestion by drinking.
The composition is a stimulant because one of its ingredients is caffeine.
Caffeine increases wakefulness and cognitive function, but may cause side effects which are undesirable, including anxiety and headache. Caffeine is known to antagonize adenosine receptors in the brain. Adenosine causes sedation and relaxation when it acts upon its receptors. Caffeine prevents this action and thereby suppresses relaxation and sedation, and causes alertness and wakefulness. This inhibition of adenosine can influence the dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and adrenaline systems.
Certain neurotransmitters are involved in motivation, attention, and learning. Examples of such neurotransmitters include dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Neurotransmitters may be recycled by re-uptake mechanisms, but there are many mechanisms at play. Monoamine oxidase is an enzyme in the brain that breaks down neurotransmitters while they are in the synaptic cleft, and thereby prevents re-uptake. This process is so significant that a class of neurologic drugs, namely monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MA01s), inhibit this pathway specifically to increase levels of neurotransmitters. The composition described herein provides resources to counter this degradation, by including the building blocks for neurotransmitters. Such building blocks include precursors for neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Thus by providing these precursors, neurotransmitters that have been depleted due to stress or cognitive load may be replenished. The
The composition is a stimulant because one of its ingredients is caffeine.
Caffeine increases wakefulness and cognitive function, but may cause side effects which are undesirable, including anxiety and headache. Caffeine is known to antagonize adenosine receptors in the brain. Adenosine causes sedation and relaxation when it acts upon its receptors. Caffeine prevents this action and thereby suppresses relaxation and sedation, and causes alertness and wakefulness. This inhibition of adenosine can influence the dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and adrenaline systems.
Certain neurotransmitters are involved in motivation, attention, and learning. Examples of such neurotransmitters include dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Neurotransmitters may be recycled by re-uptake mechanisms, but there are many mechanisms at play. Monoamine oxidase is an enzyme in the brain that breaks down neurotransmitters while they are in the synaptic cleft, and thereby prevents re-uptake. This process is so significant that a class of neurologic drugs, namely monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MA01s), inhibit this pathway specifically to increase levels of neurotransmitters. The composition described herein provides resources to counter this degradation, by including the building blocks for neurotransmitters. Such building blocks include precursors for neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Thus by providing these precursors, neurotransmitters that have been depleted due to stress or cognitive load may be replenished. The
4 tt--amounts of such precursors in the composition are set to avoid adverse effects such as, for example, upset stomach or-headache.
In the composition described herein, caffeine is paired with ingredients that reduce its undesirable properties and ingredients that are mood enhancers, meaning that they maintain a healthy mood balance specifically during prolonged cognitive exertion. The dosage amount of caffeine in the composition is between about 50 and about 250 mg. In certain embodiments, the dosage amount is 200 mg. The following ingredients are included in the composition together with caffeine: L-tyrosine, L-theanine, Rhodiola rosea extract, pyridoxine HCL, and 5-HTP. One or more other ingredient, such as a suitable carrier, excipient, vehicle, flavouring agent, stabilizer, etc., as generally known in the art, may also be included in the composition.
L-tyrosine, which is the amino acid precursor to several neurotransmitters, including dopamine and norepinephrine, is able to cross the blood-brain-barrier, so it is able to enter the brain from an oral dose. In contrast to the composition described herein, many products and formulations use an acetylated version of L-tyrosine, N-acetyl-L-tyrosine (NALT), often due to its improved solubility. Unlike L-tyrosine, however, NALT has been shown by numerous studies to be incapable of effectively crossing the blood-brain barrier, and to have no significant impact on cognitive processes (Magnusson, I., et aL, (1989) Metabolism 38(10): 957-961). The dosage amount of L-tyrosine in the composition is between about 200 and about 1000 mg. In certain embodiments, the dosage amount is 500 mg.
L-theanine acts to reduce anxiety, diminish severity and frequency of headache, and attenuate increases in blood pressure that result from stress and/or caffeine consumption (Yoto, A. et aL, (2012) J. Physiol. Anthropol.
31(1):
28). L-theanine is an amino acid that is not common in the human diet. L-
In the composition described herein, caffeine is paired with ingredients that reduce its undesirable properties and ingredients that are mood enhancers, meaning that they maintain a healthy mood balance specifically during prolonged cognitive exertion. The dosage amount of caffeine in the composition is between about 50 and about 250 mg. In certain embodiments, the dosage amount is 200 mg. The following ingredients are included in the composition together with caffeine: L-tyrosine, L-theanine, Rhodiola rosea extract, pyridoxine HCL, and 5-HTP. One or more other ingredient, such as a suitable carrier, excipient, vehicle, flavouring agent, stabilizer, etc., as generally known in the art, may also be included in the composition.
L-tyrosine, which is the amino acid precursor to several neurotransmitters, including dopamine and norepinephrine, is able to cross the blood-brain-barrier, so it is able to enter the brain from an oral dose. In contrast to the composition described herein, many products and formulations use an acetylated version of L-tyrosine, N-acetyl-L-tyrosine (NALT), often due to its improved solubility. Unlike L-tyrosine, however, NALT has been shown by numerous studies to be incapable of effectively crossing the blood-brain barrier, and to have no significant impact on cognitive processes (Magnusson, I., et aL, (1989) Metabolism 38(10): 957-961). The dosage amount of L-tyrosine in the composition is between about 200 and about 1000 mg. In certain embodiments, the dosage amount is 500 mg.
L-theanine acts to reduce anxiety, diminish severity and frequency of headache, and attenuate increases in blood pressure that result from stress and/or caffeine consumption (Yoto, A. et aL, (2012) J. Physiol. Anthropol.
31(1):
28). L-theanine is an amino acid that is not common in the human diet. L-
5 theanine is structurally similar to L-glutamine and the neurotransmitters that are produced from it (e.g., GABA and glutamate). L-theanine is known to reach the brain and act in the brain following an oral dose. L-theanine induces relaxation without sedation, and is also implicated in reducing the perception of stress and 5 slightly improving attention. L-theanine is useful in attenuating the "edge," or overstimulation, of stimulants such as caffeine. A combination of L-theanine with caffeine has been shown through several studies in healthy humans to be synergistic in promoting cognition and attention (Kahathuduwa C.N., et al., (2016) Nutr. Neurosci. (On-line) 1-9; Haskell C.F., et al. (2008) Biol.
Psychol.
10 77(2):113-22; Giesbrecht T. et a/. (2010) Nutr Neurosci. 13(6):283-90;
and Owen G.N. et al. (2008) Nutr. Neurosci. 11(4):193-8). The dosage amount of L-theanine in the composition is between about 50 and about 400 mg. In certain embodiments, the dosage amount is 160 mg.
Extracts obtained from the herb Rhodiola rosea have been shown to 15 reduce effects of stress and fatigue and improve cognition in fatigued individuals and people with a high workload (Khanum, F., et al., (2005) Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 4: 55-62). Rhodiola rosea extract has been shown to reliably reduce symptoms of stress in persons fatigued from non-exercise related stressors (Shevstov, V. A., et al., Phytomedicine 10 20 (2003): 95-105). Rhodiola rosea extracts are typically standardized for rosavin and/or salidroside content (Khanum, F., et al., (2005) Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 4: 55-62). Research shows that rosavins have little therapeutic benefit, and that salidroside is the key agent responsible for the health benefits. The Rhodiola rosea extract used in the composition 25 described herein is standardized to 3% salidroside. The dosage amount of Rhodiola rosea extract in the composition is between about 20 and about 200 mg. In certain embodiments, the dosage amount is 80 mg.
Psychol.
10 77(2):113-22; Giesbrecht T. et a/. (2010) Nutr Neurosci. 13(6):283-90;
and Owen G.N. et al. (2008) Nutr. Neurosci. 11(4):193-8). The dosage amount of L-theanine in the composition is between about 50 and about 400 mg. In certain embodiments, the dosage amount is 160 mg.
Extracts obtained from the herb Rhodiola rosea have been shown to 15 reduce effects of stress and fatigue and improve cognition in fatigued individuals and people with a high workload (Khanum, F., et al., (2005) Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 4: 55-62). Rhodiola rosea extract has been shown to reliably reduce symptoms of stress in persons fatigued from non-exercise related stressors (Shevstov, V. A., et al., Phytomedicine 10 20 (2003): 95-105). Rhodiola rosea extracts are typically standardized for rosavin and/or salidroside content (Khanum, F., et al., (2005) Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 4: 55-62). Research shows that rosavins have little therapeutic benefit, and that salidroside is the key agent responsible for the health benefits. The Rhodiola rosea extract used in the composition 25 described herein is standardized to 3% salidroside. The dosage amount of Rhodiola rosea extract in the composition is between about 20 and about 200 mg. In certain embodiments, the dosage amount is 80 mg.
6 Pyridoxine HCL aids conversion of precursors to active neurotransmitters. Pyridoxine is a form of vitamin B6, which is converted by cells to pyridoxal phosphate (PLP). The requirement of pyridoxine in the central nervous system (CNS) is 100-fold greater than in the peripheral organs (Yarlagadda, A., et al., (2007) Psychiatry (Edgmont) 4(8): 58-60). In humans, an exogenous source of vitamin B6 is required for amino acid metabolism. PLP is critical for many cellular processes in the human body. Specifically, this molecule is used by enzymes to convert neurotransmitter precursors into the active neurotransmitter. For example, L-Dopa decarboxylase converts L-Dopa into dopamine, and this enzyme is dependent on PLP. The dosage amount of pyridoxine HCL in the composition is between about 10 and about 50 mg. In certain embodiments, the dosage amount is 40 mg.
5-HTP is a clinically-effective precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin (Birdsall, T.C. (1998) Alternative Medicine Review 3(4): 271-280). 5-HTP acts to improve the mood of a subject by increasing serotonin synthesis in the brain.
Serotonin is one of the principal neurotransmitters involved in healthy mood balance and feelings of joy. High doses of 5-HTP are often used as a sleep aid, as serotonin is subsequently converted into melatonin, which is known to have sedative properties. Low doses of 5-HTP are therefore included in the dietary supplement to minimize any potential sedating effects. The dosage amount of 5-HTP in the composition is between about 5 and about 50 mg. In certain embodiments, the dosage amount is 20 mg.
Although not essential, the composition may preferably be consumed on an empty stomach. This is because certain dietary protein could compete with uptake of the amino acids (e.g., L-tyrosine) in the composition (Wurtman, R.
J., et al., (1981) Pharmacological Reviews 32(4): 315-335. Thus, efficacy of the
5-HTP is a clinically-effective precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin (Birdsall, T.C. (1998) Alternative Medicine Review 3(4): 271-280). 5-HTP acts to improve the mood of a subject by increasing serotonin synthesis in the brain.
Serotonin is one of the principal neurotransmitters involved in healthy mood balance and feelings of joy. High doses of 5-HTP are often used as a sleep aid, as serotonin is subsequently converted into melatonin, which is known to have sedative properties. Low doses of 5-HTP are therefore included in the dietary supplement to minimize any potential sedating effects. The dosage amount of 5-HTP in the composition is between about 5 and about 50 mg. In certain embodiments, the dosage amount is 20 mg.
Although not essential, the composition may preferably be consumed on an empty stomach. This is because certain dietary protein could compete with uptake of the amino acids (e.g., L-tyrosine) in the composition (Wurtman, R.
J., et al., (1981) Pharmacological Reviews 32(4): 315-335. Thus, efficacy of the
7 1.a. ______________________________ *mi. ...yam. õ WNW __ NOW..
composition may be maximized by consumption of the composition on an empty stomach.
Exemplary dosage amounts for ingredients of the composition are presented in Table 1. For example, such dosage amounts may be provided in a single capsule or in two or more capsules. The dosages were developed in consideration of potential adverse effects (e.g., sedation) that have been reported at higher doses of certain ingredients (e.g., 5-HTP and/or L-theanine), and also considering synergies between ingredients (such as caffeine and L-theanine) (Giesbrecht, T., et al., (2010) Nutritional Neuroscience 13(6)), 283-While the invention has been described with reference to the examples provided, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited by this description. To the contrary, the invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
All cited publications are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each individual publication was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference in its entirety.
composition may be maximized by consumption of the composition on an empty stomach.
Exemplary dosage amounts for ingredients of the composition are presented in Table 1. For example, such dosage amounts may be provided in a single capsule or in two or more capsules. The dosages were developed in consideration of potential adverse effects (e.g., sedation) that have been reported at higher doses of certain ingredients (e.g., 5-HTP and/or L-theanine), and also considering synergies between ingredients (such as caffeine and L-theanine) (Giesbrecht, T., et al., (2010) Nutritional Neuroscience 13(6)), 283-While the invention has been described with reference to the examples provided, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited by this description. To the contrary, the invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
All cited publications are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each individual publication was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference in its entirety.
8 _ _ õ
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Table 1. An ingredient list for an embodiment of the composition Ingredient Dosage Range per Suggested Amount per dose (mg) dose (mg) L-tyrosine 200-1000 500 caffeine 50-250 200 L-theanine 50-400 160 Rhodiola rosea extract 20-200 80 pyridoxine HCL 10-50 40
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Table 1. An ingredient list for an embodiment of the composition Ingredient Dosage Range per Suggested Amount per dose (mg) dose (mg) L-tyrosine 200-1000 500 caffeine 50-250 200 L-theanine 50-400 160 Rhodiola rosea extract 20-200 80 pyridoxine HCL 10-50 40
9
Claims (15)
1. A composition comprising L-tyrosine, caffeine, L-theanine, Rhodiola rosea extract, pyridoxine HCL, and 5-HTP.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein a dosage amount of L-tyrosine is about 200 to about 1000 mg.
3. The composition of claim 1, wherein a dosage amount of caffeine is about 50 to about 250 mg.
4. The composition of claim 1, wherein a dosage amount of L-theanine is about 50 to about 400 mg.
5. The composition of claim 1, wherein a dosage amount of Rhodiola rosea extract is about 20 to about 200 mg.
6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the Rhodiola rosea extract comprises about 3% salidroside.
7. The composition of claim 1, wherein the dosage amount of pyridoxine HCI is about 10 to about 50 mg.
8. The composition of claim 1, wherein the dosage amount of 5-HTP is about 5 to about 50 mg.
9. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is orally-administered.
10. The composition of claim 9, wherein the composition is in capsule form, powder form, liquid form, or is in food or drink.
11. A composition comprising 500 mg of L-tyrosine, 200 mg of caffeine, 160 mg of L-theanine, 80 mg of Rhodiola rosea extract, 40 mg of pyridoxine HCL, and 20 mg of 5-HTP.
12. Use of the composition of any one of claims 1 to 11 for improving cognitive performance in a subject.
13. A method of improving cognitive performance of a subject, comprising ingesting the composition of any one of claims 1 to 11.
14. A composition for enhancing cognitive function of a subject, comprising L-tyrosine, caffeine, L-theanine, Rhodiola rosea extract, pyridoxine HCL, and 5-HTP.
15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the composition comprises 500 mg of L-tyrosine, 200 mg of caffeine, 160 mg of L-theanine, 80 mg of Rhodiola rosea extract, 40 mg of pyridoxine HCL, and 20 mg of 5-HTP.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2959004A CA2959004A1 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | Composition for improving cognitive function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2959004A CA2959004A1 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | Composition for improving cognitive function |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2959004A1 true CA2959004A1 (en) | 2018-08-24 |
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ID=63245249
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2959004A Abandoned CA2959004A1 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | Composition for improving cognitive function |
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| Country | Link |
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| CA (1) | CA2959004A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020248042A1 (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-17 | Nhance Neurotechnologies Inc. | Stimulant composition and process for making same |
-
2017
- 2017-02-24 CA CA2959004A patent/CA2959004A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020248042A1 (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-17 | Nhance Neurotechnologies Inc. | Stimulant composition and process for making same |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20230524 |