CA2920550A1 - Ripper tooth for underground tunnelling machine and method of installing multiple cutting surfaces into nose of tooth - Google Patents
Ripper tooth for underground tunnelling machine and method of installing multiple cutting surfaces into nose of tooth Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2920550A1 CA2920550A1 CA2920550A CA2920550A CA2920550A1 CA 2920550 A1 CA2920550 A1 CA 2920550A1 CA 2920550 A CA2920550 A CA 2920550A CA 2920550 A CA2920550 A CA 2920550A CA 2920550 A1 CA2920550 A1 CA 2920550A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tooth
- nose
- tip
- ripper tooth
- cutting surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000004188 Tooth Wear Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
- E21C35/1831—Fixing methods or devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
- E21C35/1833—Multiple inserts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an improved means of installation of a tip or cutting surface into a ripper tooth for a tunnel boring machine, with the tip or cutting surface being installed in the body of the ripper tooth by means of differential heating and cooling of the respective interlocking male and female members of the tip or cutting surface and the supporting nose in the body of the ripper tooth itself, as well as the use of a chemical retaining agent to both bond those members and serve as a cushion between the contact surfaces so as to reduce wear at those points.
Description
RIPPER TOOTH FOR UNDERGROUND TUNNELLING MACHINE AND METHOD OF
INSTALLING MULTIPLE CUTTING SURFACES INTO NOSE OF TOOTH
TECHNICAL FIELD
0001 The present disclosure relates to the field of replaceable teeth for use with machinery in underground tunnelling by means of rotating wheels or drums equipped with hard-material ripper teeth, and more particularly for a replaceable ripper tooth having multiple solid pieces of sintered tungsten carbide cutting surfaces inserted into the tip of the tooth.
Background of Invention 0002 Underground tunnelling machines utilize a variety of ripping teeth mounted on rotating wheels or drums, composed of hard materials. Some materials consist of agglomerations of pieces of material of different masses and hardnesses, which can result in premature tooth wear or even breakage. Ripper teeth are commonly made of tungsten carbide.
0003 The utility of a ripper tooth is generally determined by its ease of penetration and its wear life without sharpening or removal and replacement. It must be strong enough to withstand the abrasive forces and the impact loads to which it is subjected when working in rock or dense soils or dense sands.
0004 The impediment of the conventional means of installation of a ripper tooth by simply inserting the cutting surfaces into a slot situated in the mounting surface of the tooth, is that under the extreme mechanical loads generated by the rotation of the cutting surface against the material to be removed, the mounting underbody of the cutting surface ceases to fit securely in the slot , leading to the need to replace it as well as reducing the effectiveness of the cutting surface in abrading the rock or other material to be removed. The more securely the cutting surface can be mounted in the body of the tooth itself, the longer it will last and the more efficiently it will remove the material being abraded.
0005 It is an object of this invention to provide an improved method of installation of multiple cutting surfaces made of tungsten carbide into the body of a ripper tooth.
Summary of Invention 0006 An improved ripper tooth cutting surface insert made of tungsten carbide having secure installation and long-lasting wear characteristics, is provided.
0007 Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the insertable tungsten carbide cutting surface or tip inserts into a circular hole machined into the mounting surface of the ripper tooth, by way of a heating and cooling-induced interference fit; the strength and longevity of which is determined by the chemical constitution of the tungsten carbide material from which the shank of the cutting surface or tip is made, the precise dimensions and geometry between the hole in the tooth mounting surface, and the shank of the cutting surface or tip as well as by the chemical retainer agent used to help secure the cutting surface or tip in the tooth.
0008 Broadly stated, the use of a chemical retainer agent in the insertion of the shank of the cutting surface or tip into the hole in the mounting surface of the ripper tooth also cushions it in the tooth, thereby reducing its potential for premature loosening.
0009 Broadly stated, the precise curvature, radii, angle and length of the tungsten carbide cutting surface or tip, which can be in a wide variety of geometric shapes depending on the nature of the material to be abraded, varies with the hardness of the material to be treated.
0010 Broadly stated, a cutting surface or tip inserted as above-mentioned can be used on any ripper tooth which is installed on the wheel or drum of a tunnel boring machine.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
0011 Figure 1 is a side view of the body of the ripper tooth 0012 Figure 2 is a perspective view of the top surface of the body of the ripper tooth shown in Figure 1 with the nose of the tooth containing the tips or cutting surfaces facing to the right.
0013 Figure 3 is a perspective view of the top surface of the body of the ripper tooth shown in Figures 1 and 2 with the base of the tooth facing to the left.
0014 Figure 4 is a perspective view of the bottom surface of the body of the ripper tooth shown in Figures 1,2 and 3 with the nose of the tooth containing the tips or cutting surfaces facing to the right.
0015 Figure 5 is a perspective view of the bottom surface of the body of the ripper tooth shown in Figures 1,2,3,and 4 with the base of the tooth facing to the left.
0016 Figure 6 is a view of the nose of the body of the ripper tooth shown in Figures 1,2, 34 and 4 with the tips or cutting surfaces depicted as emplaced thereon.
0017 Figure 7 is a view of the base of the ripper tooth shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 above.
0018 Figure 8 is a cutaway view of the tip or cutting surface in the nose of the ripper tooth with its shank installed depicting clearance pre-interference fit of the shank in the hole machined into the body of the nose of the ripper tooth as shown in the previous figures.
0019 Figure 8 (A) is a cutaway view of the tip or cutting surface installed in the hole in the body of the nose of the ripper tooth, after the clearance has closed by interference fit.
0020 Figure 9 is a view of an alternative means of orientation of the tips or cutting surfaces on the nose of the body of the ripper tooth shown in the previous figures.
INSTALLING MULTIPLE CUTTING SURFACES INTO NOSE OF TOOTH
TECHNICAL FIELD
0001 The present disclosure relates to the field of replaceable teeth for use with machinery in underground tunnelling by means of rotating wheels or drums equipped with hard-material ripper teeth, and more particularly for a replaceable ripper tooth having multiple solid pieces of sintered tungsten carbide cutting surfaces inserted into the tip of the tooth.
Background of Invention 0002 Underground tunnelling machines utilize a variety of ripping teeth mounted on rotating wheels or drums, composed of hard materials. Some materials consist of agglomerations of pieces of material of different masses and hardnesses, which can result in premature tooth wear or even breakage. Ripper teeth are commonly made of tungsten carbide.
0003 The utility of a ripper tooth is generally determined by its ease of penetration and its wear life without sharpening or removal and replacement. It must be strong enough to withstand the abrasive forces and the impact loads to which it is subjected when working in rock or dense soils or dense sands.
0004 The impediment of the conventional means of installation of a ripper tooth by simply inserting the cutting surfaces into a slot situated in the mounting surface of the tooth, is that under the extreme mechanical loads generated by the rotation of the cutting surface against the material to be removed, the mounting underbody of the cutting surface ceases to fit securely in the slot , leading to the need to replace it as well as reducing the effectiveness of the cutting surface in abrading the rock or other material to be removed. The more securely the cutting surface can be mounted in the body of the tooth itself, the longer it will last and the more efficiently it will remove the material being abraded.
0005 It is an object of this invention to provide an improved method of installation of multiple cutting surfaces made of tungsten carbide into the body of a ripper tooth.
Summary of Invention 0006 An improved ripper tooth cutting surface insert made of tungsten carbide having secure installation and long-lasting wear characteristics, is provided.
0007 Broadly stated, in some embodiments, the insertable tungsten carbide cutting surface or tip inserts into a circular hole machined into the mounting surface of the ripper tooth, by way of a heating and cooling-induced interference fit; the strength and longevity of which is determined by the chemical constitution of the tungsten carbide material from which the shank of the cutting surface or tip is made, the precise dimensions and geometry between the hole in the tooth mounting surface, and the shank of the cutting surface or tip as well as by the chemical retainer agent used to help secure the cutting surface or tip in the tooth.
0008 Broadly stated, the use of a chemical retainer agent in the insertion of the shank of the cutting surface or tip into the hole in the mounting surface of the ripper tooth also cushions it in the tooth, thereby reducing its potential for premature loosening.
0009 Broadly stated, the precise curvature, radii, angle and length of the tungsten carbide cutting surface or tip, which can be in a wide variety of geometric shapes depending on the nature of the material to be abraded, varies with the hardness of the material to be treated.
0010 Broadly stated, a cutting surface or tip inserted as above-mentioned can be used on any ripper tooth which is installed on the wheel or drum of a tunnel boring machine.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
0011 Figure 1 is a side view of the body of the ripper tooth 0012 Figure 2 is a perspective view of the top surface of the body of the ripper tooth shown in Figure 1 with the nose of the tooth containing the tips or cutting surfaces facing to the right.
0013 Figure 3 is a perspective view of the top surface of the body of the ripper tooth shown in Figures 1 and 2 with the base of the tooth facing to the left.
0014 Figure 4 is a perspective view of the bottom surface of the body of the ripper tooth shown in Figures 1,2 and 3 with the nose of the tooth containing the tips or cutting surfaces facing to the right.
0015 Figure 5 is a perspective view of the bottom surface of the body of the ripper tooth shown in Figures 1,2,3,and 4 with the base of the tooth facing to the left.
0016 Figure 6 is a view of the nose of the body of the ripper tooth shown in Figures 1,2, 34 and 4 with the tips or cutting surfaces depicted as emplaced thereon.
0017 Figure 7 is a view of the base of the ripper tooth shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 above.
0018 Figure 8 is a cutaway view of the tip or cutting surface in the nose of the ripper tooth with its shank installed depicting clearance pre-interference fit of the shank in the hole machined into the body of the nose of the ripper tooth as shown in the previous figures.
0019 Figure 8 (A) is a cutaway view of the tip or cutting surface installed in the hole in the body of the nose of the ripper tooth, after the clearance has closed by interference fit.
0020 Figure 9 is a view of an alternative means of orientation of the tips or cutting surfaces on the nose of the body of the ripper tooth shown in the previous figures.
2 DETAILED DESCRPTION OF THE INVENTION
0021 Referring to Figures 1 through 6, 1 is the body of a typical ripper tooth with the tips or cutting surfaces 2 installed in the body .
0022 Referring to Figure 7, 3 shows the typical rear or base of the body of the ripper tooth for installation on the drum or wheel of the tunnelling machine.
0023 Referring to Figure 8, 2 is the tip or cutting surface inserted into the cylindrical hole 4 in the nose 5 of the body of the ripper tooth, and 6 depicts a gap between the male surface 7 of the shank 8 of the tip or cutting surface and the female surface within cylindrical hole 4 into which a chemical retaining agent may be applied prior to insertion of the shank into hole 4 and prior to gripping of the shank of the tooth by differential heating and cooling as between the nose 5 of the body of the ripper tooth and the shank 8.
0024 Referring to Figure 8 (A), 2 is the tip or cutting surface inserted into hole 4 of the nose 5 of the body of the ripper tooth, with gap 6 closed after the interference fit of the shank 8 into hole 4.
0025 Referring to Figure 9, 10 depicts an alternative orientation of the angle of the nose of a typical ripper tooth containing the cutting surfaces 2.
0026 The embodiments of the present application described above are intended to be examples only. Those of skill in the art may effect alterations, modifications and variations to the particular embodiments without departing from the intended scope of the present application. In particular, features from one or more of the above-described embodiments may be selected to create alternate embodiments comprised of a subcombination of features which may not be explicitly described above. In addition, features from one of more of the above-described embodiments may be selected and combined to create alternate embodiments comprised of a combination of features which may not be explicitly described above. Features suitable for such combinations and subcombinations would be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art upon review of the present application as a whole. Any dimensions provided in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting on the scope of the invention. The subject matter described herein and in the recited claims intends to cover and embrace all suitable changes in technology.
0021 Referring to Figures 1 through 6, 1 is the body of a typical ripper tooth with the tips or cutting surfaces 2 installed in the body .
0022 Referring to Figure 7, 3 shows the typical rear or base of the body of the ripper tooth for installation on the drum or wheel of the tunnelling machine.
0023 Referring to Figure 8, 2 is the tip or cutting surface inserted into the cylindrical hole 4 in the nose 5 of the body of the ripper tooth, and 6 depicts a gap between the male surface 7 of the shank 8 of the tip or cutting surface and the female surface within cylindrical hole 4 into which a chemical retaining agent may be applied prior to insertion of the shank into hole 4 and prior to gripping of the shank of the tooth by differential heating and cooling as between the nose 5 of the body of the ripper tooth and the shank 8.
0024 Referring to Figure 8 (A), 2 is the tip or cutting surface inserted into hole 4 of the nose 5 of the body of the ripper tooth, with gap 6 closed after the interference fit of the shank 8 into hole 4.
0025 Referring to Figure 9, 10 depicts an alternative orientation of the angle of the nose of a typical ripper tooth containing the cutting surfaces 2.
0026 The embodiments of the present application described above are intended to be examples only. Those of skill in the art may effect alterations, modifications and variations to the particular embodiments without departing from the intended scope of the present application. In particular, features from one or more of the above-described embodiments may be selected to create alternate embodiments comprised of a subcombination of features which may not be explicitly described above. In addition, features from one of more of the above-described embodiments may be selected and combined to create alternate embodiments comprised of a combination of features which may not be explicitly described above. Features suitable for such combinations and subcombinations would be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art upon review of the present application as a whole. Any dimensions provided in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting on the scope of the invention. The subject matter described herein and in the recited claims intends to cover and embrace all suitable changes in technology.
3
Claims (2)
1. The method of insertion of the cutting surface or tip into the nose of the ripper tooth by an interference fit induced by differential heating and cooling as between the surface of the male underside mounting shank of the tip or cutting surface and its mating female cylindrical circular hole machined into the nose of the body of the ripper tooth.
2. The method of insertion of the cutting surface or tip into the nose of the ripper tooth by additionally to an interference fit, as set out in Claim 1, by including a chemical retainer agent applied to the male underside mounting shank of the cutting surface or tip prior to its insertion into mating female cylindrical hole machined into the nose of the body of the ripper tooth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2920550A CA2920550A1 (en) | 2016-02-10 | 2016-02-10 | Ripper tooth for underground tunnelling machine and method of installing multiple cutting surfaces into nose of tooth |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2920550A CA2920550A1 (en) | 2016-02-10 | 2016-02-10 | Ripper tooth for underground tunnelling machine and method of installing multiple cutting surfaces into nose of tooth |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2920550A1 true CA2920550A1 (en) | 2017-08-10 |
Family
ID=59559024
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2920550A Abandoned CA2920550A1 (en) | 2016-02-10 | 2016-02-10 | Ripper tooth for underground tunnelling machine and method of installing multiple cutting surfaces into nose of tooth |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2920550A1 (en) |
-
2016
- 2016-02-10 CA CA2920550A patent/CA2920550A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20210831 |
|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20210831 |