CA2915710A1 - System for simulating gas leaks - Google Patents

System for simulating gas leaks Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2915710A1
CA2915710A1 CA2915710A CA2915710A CA2915710A1 CA 2915710 A1 CA2915710 A1 CA 2915710A1 CA 2915710 A CA2915710 A CA 2915710A CA 2915710 A CA2915710 A CA 2915710A CA 2915710 A1 CA2915710 A1 CA 2915710A1
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Canada
Prior art keywords
gas
leak detection
gas leak
air
detection location
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA2915710A
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French (fr)
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Enbridge Gas Distribution Inc
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Enbridge Gas Distribution Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Enbridge Gas Distribution Inc filed Critical Enbridge Gas Distribution Inc
Priority to CA2915710A priority Critical patent/CA2915710A1/en
Publication of CA2915710A1 publication Critical patent/CA2915710A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B19/00Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/06Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
    • G09B23/08Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
    • G09B23/12Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of liquids or gases

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

A system for simulating gas leaks is provided, comprising a gas supply and an air supply, both in fluid communication with a gas leak detection location. A gas valve and an air valve control flow from both the gas supply and air supply, respectively, to the gas leak detection location. A
controller is used to adjust gas and air set points for each of the valves to control the flow rate of gas and air escaping at the gas leak detection location.

Description

SYSTEM FOR SIMULATING GAS LEAKS
FIELD
100011 This invention relates to a system for simulating gas leaks. In particular, this invention relates to a system for simulating gas leaks of variable levels of gas.
BACKGROUND
100021 In many parts of the world, natural gas is supplied to houses and other buildings to be used for applications including, among others, ovens, and heating and cooling.
The gas is typically delivered from gas suppliers through a network of pipes to the ultimate user.
Unfortunately, gas leaks occur in the supply of natural gas, which is dangerous as gas leak may lead to explosions or other harm. The severity of a gas leak may depend on the location of the leak and the concentration and volume of gas escaping. It is, therefore, important to be able to quickly and accurately identify and analyze gas leaks as they occur to minimize the potential consequences associated with the release of natural gas. Proper training on the identification and analysis of gas leaks is critical in this regard.
100031 Training systems are known in the art for simulating gas leaks. These prior art systems attempt to train users how to identify gas leaks by releasing gas in a controlled setting, which the user may identify and analyze with a probe or other similar device. These systems typically use a 0.5 inch pipe to release gas at a constant concentration and volume into the atmosphere in a controlled setting. The gas flow within the pipe is turned on and off with a hand valve. The prior art systems are therefore limited in the number and variety of "real world"
gas leak scenarios that may be simulated.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
100041 In drawings which illustrate embodiments by way of example only, 100051 Figure 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention having a gas source and a gas leak detection location that is a pipe.
100061 Figure 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention having a gas source and a gas leak detection location that is a catch basin.
-2-100071 Figure 3 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention having a gas source, an air source, and a gas leak detection location that is a manhole.
100081 Figure 4 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention having a gas source, an air source, and a gas leak detection location that is a pipe.
100091 Figure 5 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention having multiple gas pipes.
100101 Figure 6 is a plan view of a streetscape.
100111 Figure 7 is a plan view of a streetscape with a plurality of gas leak detection locations.
100121 Figure 8 is another plan view of a streetscape with a plurality of gas leak detection locations.
100131 Figure 9 is a plan view of a test house with a plurality of gas leak detection locations.
100141 Figure 10 is a plan view of the streetscape of Figure 6 divided into zones.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
100151 Referring to Figure 1, a system for simulating gas leaks 1 is illustrated. A gas supply 10 is connected to supply a gas leak detection location 20 via a gas pipe 25. A
manual shut off valve 12 is located between the gas supply 10 and the gas leak detection location 20 for safety purposes.
[00161 The system preferably includes a flow restrictor 27 sized to constrain a maximum flow rate of the gas from the gas supply 10. In an aspect the gas pipe 25 may similarly be sized to limit a flow of gas from the gas supply 10. In an aspect, the gas pipe 25 has a diameter of approximately 0.5 inches, for instance.
100171 A gas valve 15 on the gas pipe 25 controls the flow of gas between the gas supply 10 and the gas leak detection location 20. Preferably, the gas from the gas supply includes an odorant to assist in detection.
100181 The system 1 further provides a controller 30 which adjusts a gas set point of the gas valve 15 to control a flow rate of gas escaping at the gas leak detection location 20.
-3-100191 In the embodiment of Figure I, the gas leak detection location 20 is a pipe having a pipe opening 22. In another embodiment, shown in Figure 2, the gas leak detection location 20 is a simulated manhole having a manhole cover 20. Manhole cover holes 24 provide egress for the gas been leaked through the output of the gas pipe 25. Other types of gas leak constructs may be used, for example a catch basin, drain, or other streetscape structure may be simulated using a similar arrangement to the embodiments of Figure I or Figure 2.
100201 Referring to Figure 3, in another embodiment, an air supply 40 is further provided. The air supply 40 is connected to the gas leak detection location 20 via an air pipe 50. An air supply valve 45 controls the flow of compressed air between the air supply 40 and the gas leak detection location 20. In the embodiment of Figure 3, the gas leak detection location 20 is a manhole. An air manual shut off valve 42 is located on the air pipe 50 between the air supply valve 45 and the air supply 40. The controller 30 also adjusts the air set point of the air supply valve 45 to control the flow rate of air escaping at the gas leak detection location 20.
100211 The embodiment of Figure 3 further comprises a mixing chamber 60 below the gas leak detection location 20. Air entering the mixing chamber 60 from the air pipe 50 mixes with gas that enters the mixing chamber 60 from the gas pipe 25. After the gas and air is mixed, the combined gas and air exits the gas leak detection location 20. The mixing chamber 60 allows for a high concentration of gas within a relatively small volume, thus minimizing the amount of gas needed to simulate a gas leak.
100221 In the embodiment of Figure 3, the mixing chamber 60 is within the manhole 20 below the manhole cover 26. In the embodiment of Figure 4, the gas leak detection location 20 is a pipe and the mixing chamber 60 is within the pipe 20 before the pipe opening 22. In another embodiment the gas leak detection location 20 is a catch basin and the mixing chamber 60 is within the catch basin 20 below the catch basin cover.
100231 In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 4, in which the gas leak detection location 20 is a pipe, a flame arrestor may be placed at the end of the pipe to minimize flames.
100241 In use, the gas leak detection location 20 is in communication with the atmosphere. For example, the gas pipe 25 and air pipe 50 are below ground and the gas leak detection location 20, for example a pipe, is open to the atmosphere via the pipe opening 22. Gas from the gas supply
-4-and air from the air supply 40 are well-mixed at safe levels in the mixing chamber 60. The mixed air and gas then exits the system 1 through the gas leak detection location 20. The exited gas may then be detected using a combustible gas indicator known in the art.
100251 Various gas leak detection locations 20 may be used to simulate various leak scenarios.
For instance, a pipe may be used to simulate a ground leak at a specific location. A manhole or catch basin may be used as detection locations 20 so simulate scenarios in which an underground leak has occurred and the gas has travelled underground from the initial location of the leak and is escaping into the atmosphere from the detection location 20.
100261 The concentration of air and gas is escaping the gas leak detection location 20 may be varied or turned on or off using the controller 30 to simulate various gas leak scenarios and/or to turn on or off the leak. The variances in concentration of air and gas may be controlled and monitored wirelessly and remotely, for example by using a programmable logic controller.
Furthermore, a mobile device known in the art, such as a tablet computer 80 (shown in Figure 10) or a smartphone, may be used to control the programmable logic controller.
Further, variances in concentration of air and gas may be made as the system is in use or the variances may be pre-programed and fully automated using the controller 30.
100271 In another embodiment, the system may have a plurality of gas leak detection locations 20. For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 5 there is a plurality of gas leak detection locations 20. Each gas leak detection location 20 is connected to a gas manifold 70 by a gas pipe 25. The gas manifold 70 is in communication with the gas source 10. Each gas pipe 25 has a gas valve 15 to control the flow of gas between the gas supply 10 and each gas leak detection location 20. The controller 30 adjusts gas set points of each gas valves 15.
Thus, the amount of gas escape each gas leak detection location 20 may be independently adjusted.
100281 In an embodiment of the system having a plurality of gas leak detection locations 20, compressed air may further be provided to one or more of the gas leak detection locations 20 in manner discussed above and shown in Figures 3 and 4. There may further be an air manifold connecting the air pipes 50 to the air supply 40.
100291 Referring to Figures 6-11, the system 1 may be used for training purposes to simulate various gas leak scenarios. The system I may be used within a mock-up environment 98 to
- 5 -simulate real life gas leaks, for example a mock-up streetscape 98 as shown in Figures 6-11. In the illustrated embodiment, the mock-up environment 98 is a streetscape of an urban community with full sized roads and scaled-down buildings. The environment 98 preferably represents residential, commercial, and small industrial districts with typical utility connections.
100301 Figure 6 shows an example of streetscape 98 without the gas leak detection locations 20 illustrated. The streetscape 98 of Figure 6 shows a street 100, a test house 102, a classroom 104, a condominium 108, and a trench 112.
100311 Figures 7 and 8 shows portions of a streetscape 98 having multiple gas leak detection locations 20. The gas leaks detection locations 20 may be placed in various locations throughout the streetscape 98. For example, in the embodiment of Figure 7, gas leaks points 20 are positioned under the street 100, and in the vicinity of the test house 102, prop houses 104 and classroom 104. In the embodiment of Figure 8, gas leaks detection locations 20 are positioned under the street 100, and in the vicinity of a test house 102, prop houses 104, a condominium 108, and a sandbox 110. The gas leak detection locations 20 may further be located within buildings, for example within a test house as show in Figure 9.
100321 In use, a user may go to different locations within the streetscape 98 and test the gas mixture exiting the gas leak detection locations 20 that the user encounters.
The types of gas leak detection locations 20 and the concentration and volume of gas escaping the gas leak detection locations 20 may be varied during or between training exercises such that the streetscape 98 simulates a variety of gas leak scenarios that could be encountered in real life scenarios. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the system may be also be used with a single leak detection location 20 within the mock-up environment 98.
100331 As an example of how the system I may be used, using the streetscape 98 shown in Figure 7, in a training exercise, a user, for example a trainee, could first visit the gas leak detection location 20 in the test house 102, determine the gas levels in the house 102, exit onto the street 100, determine the gas levels of the gas leak detection locations 20, and then enter the classroom 104 to determine the gas levels there. As the exercise is being conducted, a second user, for example a training instructor, can turn off or on or change the concentration of gas escaping some or all of the gas leak detection locations 20 using the tablet 80, or other mobile device.
-6-100341 As a further example, upon completion of a particular training exercise, the instructor can turn off or on or change the concentration of gas escaping some or all of the gas leak detection locations 20 using the tablet 80, or other mobile device, such that trainees are faced with different scenarios when entering the environment 98 next.
100351 The mock-up environment 98 may further be divided in multiple zones 120, for example four zones 120 as depicted in Figure 10. Within each zone 120, one or more gas leak detection locations 20 may be located. Various arrangements of the style and location of the gas leak detection locations 20 may be used in the zones 120, providing different training experiences within each zone 120. For example, the zones 120 may be identical such that the same training exercise can take place at multiple locations at once. In another example, the zones 120 may be different from one another such that each zone 120 presents a different training scenario. The zones 120 may be different from one another in a number of ways, for example in the elements of the mock up environment 98, or by having more or fewer gas leak detection locations, of by having differences in the severity of the gas leaks.
100361 Various embodiments of the present invention having been thus described in detail by way of example, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the invention. The invention includes all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (17)

1. A system for simulating gas leaks comprising:
a gas supply;
at least one gas leak detection location in fluid communication with the gas supply;
a gas valve for each of the at least one gas leak detection locations controlling a flow of gas between the gas supply and the gas leak detection location; and, a controller operative to adjust a gas set point of each gas valve to control a flow rate of gas escaping at each of the at least one gas leak detection locations.
2. The system of claim 1 further comprising:
an air supply;
the air supply in fluid communication with each of the at least one gas leak detection locations;
an air valve controlling a flow of compressed air between the air supply and each of the at least one gas leak detection location; and, wherein the controller is further operative to adjust an air set point of each air valve to control a flow rate of air escaping at each of the at least one gas leak detection locations.
3. The system of claim 2 further comprising:
a gas pipe connecting each of the at least one gas leak detection locations and the gas supply, and, an air pipe connecting each of the at least one gas leak detection locations and the air supply.
4. The system of claim 4 wherein the gas pipe is sized to constrain a maximum flow rate of the gas.
5. The system of claim 4 further comprising a restrictor sized to constrain a maximum flow rate of the gas.
6. The system of any one of claims 3 to 5 further comprising a mixing chamber below each of the at least one gas leak detection location for mixing the air and gas, the mixing chamber in fluid communication with the gas pipe, the air pipe and the at least one gas leak detection location.
7. The system of claim 6 further comprising a flame arrestor at the open end of the mix pipe.
8. The system of any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the at least one gas leak detection location comprises a catch basin, a manhole, or a pipe.
9. The system of any one of claims 1 to 8 having a plurality of gas leak detection locations.
10. The system of claim 9 wherein the concentration of gas escaping at each of the at least one gas leak detection locations is independently controlled.
11. The system of claim 9 or 10 wherein the concentration of gas escaping at each of the at least one gas leak detection locations may be altered or turned on or off instantaneously.
12. The system of any one of claims 9 to 11 comprising a plurality of zones, each zone containing at least one gas leak detection location.
13. The system of any one of claims 1 to 12 wherein the controller is a programmable logic controller.
14. The system of claim 13 wherein the controller is operated by a mobile device.
15. The system of claim 14 wherein the mobile device is a tablet computer.
16. The system of any one of claims 1 to 15 wherein the gas set point of the at least one gas leak detection location is pre-programmable.
17. The system of claim 16 wherein the air set point of the at least one gas leak detection location is pre-programmable.
CA2915710A 2015-12-22 2015-12-22 System for simulating gas leaks Abandoned CA2915710A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2915710A CA2915710A1 (en) 2015-12-22 2015-12-22 System for simulating gas leaks

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2915710A CA2915710A1 (en) 2015-12-22 2015-12-22 System for simulating gas leaks

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2915710A1 true CA2915710A1 (en) 2017-06-22

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109584665A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-04-05 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 Sulfur hexafluoride leaks simulator and leak detection Training Methodology

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109584665A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-04-05 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 Sulfur hexafluoride leaks simulator and leak detection Training Methodology

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Effective date: 20181224