CA2910675C - Wind turbine and method for de-icing a wind turbine - Google Patents
Wind turbine and method for de-icing a wind turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CA2910675C CA2910675C CA2910675A CA2910675A CA2910675C CA 2910675 C CA2910675 C CA 2910675C CA 2910675 A CA2910675 A CA 2910675A CA 2910675 A CA2910675 A CA 2910675A CA 2910675 C CA2910675 C CA 2910675C
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- rotor blades
- heating power
- rotor
- wind turbine
- icing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/40—Ice detection; De-icing means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
In general terms, the invention relates to a wind turbine (10) and a method for de-icing same. The wind turbine (10) has a rotor (12) with rotor blades (14A, 14B, 14C) for driving a generator for generating electrical energy and has a de-icing device for the rotor blades (14A, 14B, 14C). In this case, electrical heating power is used for de-icing the rotor blades (14A, 14B, 14C). The invention is distinguished in that the de-icing device is designed to use heating power which is at least temporarily not used for one of the rotor blades (14A, 14B, 14C) for at least one other one of the rotor blades (14A, 14B, 14C) in a dynamic manner.
Description
CA. 0291.0675 2016-12-09 - I -Wind turbine and method for de-icing a wind turbine Description The invention relates to a wind turbine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for de-icing a wind turbine.
Wind turbines, as decentralized power generators, are used to convert kinetic wind energy into electrical energy. For this purpose, the wind turbine has a rotor with rotor blades which can be set in rotation by the incident wind. A generator is used to convert said rotational energy into electrical energy.
In order to ensure operation of the wind turbine even in unfavourable climatic conditions, particularly such as in cold regions or at cold times of year, specific provisions are necessary. In the case of temperatures around 0 Celsius and below, it is to be expected that ice settles on the rotor blades. Negative effects of such ice formation include, for example, changes in the aerodynamic properties of the rotor blades, increase in weight of the rotor and, finally, a significant danger to people and objects from ice being cast, that is to say pieces of ice which break off.
In order to avoid, and also in part to prevent, icing-up, wind turbines therefore have typically so-called de-icing devices for correspondingly threatened areas. In general, these are electrically operated heating devices. Thus, primarily the surface of the rotor blades is to be heated in order to melt the ice and hence let it drop off. The rotor blades can be heated electrically, usually by means of electrical heating elements. By way of example, hot-air heaters, in particular by fans with heating coils, heating films for adhering to
Wind turbines, as decentralized power generators, are used to convert kinetic wind energy into electrical energy. For this purpose, the wind turbine has a rotor with rotor blades which can be set in rotation by the incident wind. A generator is used to convert said rotational energy into electrical energy.
In order to ensure operation of the wind turbine even in unfavourable climatic conditions, particularly such as in cold regions or at cold times of year, specific provisions are necessary. In the case of temperatures around 0 Celsius and below, it is to be expected that ice settles on the rotor blades. Negative effects of such ice formation include, for example, changes in the aerodynamic properties of the rotor blades, increase in weight of the rotor and, finally, a significant danger to people and objects from ice being cast, that is to say pieces of ice which break off.
In order to avoid, and also in part to prevent, icing-up, wind turbines therefore have typically so-called de-icing devices for correspondingly threatened areas. In general, these are electrically operated heating devices. Thus, primarily the surface of the rotor blades is to be heated in order to melt the ice and hence let it drop off. The rotor blades can be heated electrically, usually by means of electrical heating elements. By way of example, hot-air heaters, in particular by fans with heating coils, heating films for adhering to
- 2 -the rotor blades or embedded heating wires, heating lattices or the like, which are in particular embedded in the topmost layer of the rotor blade, come into con-sideration. A microwave heater may also be used.
In order to enable rapid and effective heating of the rotor blades, large electrical powers are usually nec-essary. Since the electrical energy must usually be transported from the stationary part of the wind tur-bine to the rotatably mounted rotor shaft with the ro-tor blades fastened thereto, sliding contacts or slip rings are often used. For reasons of cost and effi-ciency, contacts which are sufficiently sized for sup-plying the remaining electrical devices in the region of the rotor are usually used in order to guarantee op-erational reliability. By way of example, simultaneous operation of all rotor blade adjusting devices or pitch angle setters is ensured. However, in general, there is not enough electrical energy available in the rotor hub to simultaneously heat several or all of the rotor blades. Thus, only a limited maximum heating power is available.
Accordingly, it is known from the prior art, for exam-pie EP 2469080 Al, to de-ice the rotor blades individu-ally. In this case, de-icing takes place in a mOanner dependent on the angular position of the rotor blades.
What is disadvantageous here is that, owing to the Urn-ited available heating power, heating of the rotor blades can only occur successively. This leads to a long de-icing duration.
The problem addressed by the present invention there-fore consists in specifying a wind turbine and a method for operating same, with which the described disadvan-tages can be eliminated. In particular, the period of
In order to enable rapid and effective heating of the rotor blades, large electrical powers are usually nec-essary. Since the electrical energy must usually be transported from the stationary part of the wind tur-bine to the rotatably mounted rotor shaft with the ro-tor blades fastened thereto, sliding contacts or slip rings are often used. For reasons of cost and effi-ciency, contacts which are sufficiently sized for sup-plying the remaining electrical devices in the region of the rotor are usually used in order to guarantee op-erational reliability. By way of example, simultaneous operation of all rotor blade adjusting devices or pitch angle setters is ensured. However, in general, there is not enough electrical energy available in the rotor hub to simultaneously heat several or all of the rotor blades. Thus, only a limited maximum heating power is available.
Accordingly, it is known from the prior art, for exam-pie EP 2469080 Al, to de-ice the rotor blades individu-ally. In this case, de-icing takes place in a mOanner dependent on the angular position of the rotor blades.
What is disadvantageous here is that, owing to the Urn-ited available heating power, heating of the rotor blades can only occur successively. This leads to a long de-icing duration.
The problem addressed by the present invention there-fore consists in specifying a wind turbine and a method for operating same, with which the described disadvan-tages can be eliminated. In particular, the period of
- 3 of time before complete de-icing of the wind turbine is intended to be shortened.
A wind turbine having a de-icing device is disclosed. The de-icing device is designed to allocate the available heating power to the rotor blades. Thus, an individual rotor blade on its own or a plurality of rotor blades can be heated at the same time, and hence de-iced. This means that, already in the case of a temporary disconnection of or reduction in the heating power of a blade, another blade can be heated. For this purpose, in particular, the heating power becoming available can be used. Hence, the total duration for the heating process can be shortened.
The allocation is done dynamically, in particular during a running de-icing process. In this case, "dynamic adjustment" or "dynamic adjustability" of the heating power is to be understood as a change or changeability of the heating power of individual rotor blades during the de-icing process, that is to say, in particular, during the operation of the de-icing device. Dynamic use or dynamic distribution preferably relates to allocation of the total available heating power to a plurality of rotor blades with temporally changeable amounts.
The wind turbine or the de-icing device thereof is preferably designed to de-ice a plurality of rotor blades in parallel. This means, in particular, that a plurality of de-icing processes run in parallel, with the result that the total time for de-icing all of the blades is reduced. Preferably, the de-icing processes even run simultaneously. Thus, the temporal change in the amounts during parallel de-icing processes of a plurality of blades is particularly preferable.
The de-icing device is preferably designed to use heating power which is at least temporarily not used for one of the rotor blades for at least one other one of
A wind turbine having a de-icing device is disclosed. The de-icing device is designed to allocate the available heating power to the rotor blades. Thus, an individual rotor blade on its own or a plurality of rotor blades can be heated at the same time, and hence de-iced. This means that, already in the case of a temporary disconnection of or reduction in the heating power of a blade, another blade can be heated. For this purpose, in particular, the heating power becoming available can be used. Hence, the total duration for the heating process can be shortened.
The allocation is done dynamically, in particular during a running de-icing process. In this case, "dynamic adjustment" or "dynamic adjustability" of the heating power is to be understood as a change or changeability of the heating power of individual rotor blades during the de-icing process, that is to say, in particular, during the operation of the de-icing device. Dynamic use or dynamic distribution preferably relates to allocation of the total available heating power to a plurality of rotor blades with temporally changeable amounts.
The wind turbine or the de-icing device thereof is preferably designed to de-ice a plurality of rotor blades in parallel. This means, in particular, that a plurality of de-icing processes run in parallel, with the result that the total time for de-icing all of the blades is reduced. Preferably, the de-icing processes even run simultaneously. Thus, the temporal change in the amounts during parallel de-icing processes of a plurality of blades is particularly preferable.
The de-icing device is preferably designed to use heating power which is at least temporarily not used for one of the rotor blades for at least one other one of
- 4 -the rotor blades in a dynamic manner. Thus, during the heating process, partially unused heating power can al-ready be used to preheat other rotor blades. Prefera-bly, towards the end of the de-icing process of a rotor blade, a higher heating power can be used for another rotor blade than at the start of the de-icing process for the blade in question. Preferably, a multiple switchover and/or a temporally variable allocation of the heating power between the individual blades can be provided for this purpose. The heating power assigned to the individual blades can be adjustable, in particu-lar by a smooth adjustment and/or fixed or flexible stepping.
The heating power of the rotor blades is, in particu-lar, dynamically adjustable. In particular, the heating power can be reduced from a maximum value. Hence, what is achieved is that it is possible to adapt the heating process to the respective requirements of the blade.
With this, for example, maximum temperature limits, different levels of ice or different external tempera-tures can be taken into account. Preferably, the heat-ing power can be adjusted separately for each of the rotor blades. Hence, such adaptation can be done indi-vidually. In particular, shortly before reaching a suf-ficient de-icing state or a corresponding temperature of the rotor blade, the heating power at the corre-sponding blade is generally reduced. This is done, firstly, to achieve the target temperature as precisely as possible. In the case of a temperature which is kept constant until the target temperature is reached, the temperature is usually in particular overshot. Sec-ondly, said reduction in heating power protects the temperature-sensitive fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) as base material for the rotor blades.
Preferably, at least one control unit, in particular a phase gating controller for adjusting the respective
The heating power of the rotor blades is, in particu-lar, dynamically adjustable. In particular, the heating power can be reduced from a maximum value. Hence, what is achieved is that it is possible to adapt the heating process to the respective requirements of the blade.
With this, for example, maximum temperature limits, different levels of ice or different external tempera-tures can be taken into account. Preferably, the heat-ing power can be adjusted separately for each of the rotor blades. Hence, such adaptation can be done indi-vidually. In particular, shortly before reaching a suf-ficient de-icing state or a corresponding temperature of the rotor blade, the heating power at the corre-sponding blade is generally reduced. This is done, firstly, to achieve the target temperature as precisely as possible. In the case of a temperature which is kept constant until the target temperature is reached, the temperature is usually in particular overshot. Sec-ondly, said reduction in heating power protects the temperature-sensitive fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) as base material for the rotor blades.
Preferably, at least one control unit, in particular a phase gating controller for adjusting the respective
- 5 -heating power of the rotor blades and/or for distribut-ing the heating power to the rotor blades is provided.
An appropriate control unit provides automatic or at least semi-automatic open-loop or closed-loop control of the heating power of the rotor blades, By way of ex-ample, in the case of a phase gating controller and/or a pulse-width controller, these ensure that the appro-priate adjustment or distribution of the heating power is correspondingly possible. In the case of a phase gating controller, a more or less smooth adjustment of the heating power is generally possible. For this pur-pose, the current supply is controlled. A pulse-width controller enables an appropriately pulsed operation by switching the heating power on and off with different time constants and hence likewise enables the adapta-tion of the heating power on average. The time con-stants for the switching on and off usually move in the minute range in the event of blade heating of the wind turbine. Alternatively, the heating power can also be controlled using a pulse-packet controller known in the prior art.
It is further preferred if, in the case of a temporary reduction in and/or disconnection of the heating power of a rotor blade, at least some of the heating power which is unused in this case can be supplied to another rotor blade. This means that provisions are made which also use only a temporary disconnection of or reduction in the heating power in order to forward to another ro-tor blade the amount of the available heating power be-coming available.
It is particularly preferred if at least one device for determining the icing-up of the rotor blades is pro-vided. It is further preferred if the extent of the ic-ing-up can be determined. In particular, a device for measuring temperature is provided. Such a temperature measurement can take place, for example, at one or more
An appropriate control unit provides automatic or at least semi-automatic open-loop or closed-loop control of the heating power of the rotor blades, By way of ex-ample, in the case of a phase gating controller and/or a pulse-width controller, these ensure that the appro-priate adjustment or distribution of the heating power is correspondingly possible. In the case of a phase gating controller, a more or less smooth adjustment of the heating power is generally possible. For this pur-pose, the current supply is controlled. A pulse-width controller enables an appropriately pulsed operation by switching the heating power on and off with different time constants and hence likewise enables the adapta-tion of the heating power on average. The time con-stants for the switching on and off usually move in the minute range in the event of blade heating of the wind turbine. Alternatively, the heating power can also be controlled using a pulse-packet controller known in the prior art.
It is further preferred if, in the case of a temporary reduction in and/or disconnection of the heating power of a rotor blade, at least some of the heating power which is unused in this case can be supplied to another rotor blade. This means that provisions are made which also use only a temporary disconnection of or reduction in the heating power in order to forward to another ro-tor blade the amount of the available heating power be-coming available.
It is particularly preferred if at least one device for determining the icing-up of the rotor blades is pro-vided. It is further preferred if the extent of the ic-ing-up can be determined. In particular, a device for measuring temperature is provided. Such a temperature measurement can take place, for example, at one or more
- 6 -points on the respective rotor blade, preferably by means of temperature sensors. Said devices are gener-ally designed separately at least for each rotor blade.
Hence, targeted and reliable control of the heating power can be performed.
The distribution of the heating power to the rotor blades is particularly preferably dependent on the ic-ing-up state and/or the temperature of the rotor blades. Coupling the controller of the heating power to said parameters enables corresponding de-icing on the basis of measured data. The de-icing can therefore be done automatically.
Preferably, the total available heating power can be supplied at least temporarily to one rotor blade. This is necessary in order to ensure rapid heating of one of the rotor blades. In the further process of the de-icing, heating power which becomes available can corre-spondingly be forwarded or diverted to other rotor blades.
In particular, the available heating power can be dis-tributed among a plurality of rotor blades. The distri-bution is done, in particular, in a smooth or stepped manner. A smooth distribution assumes smooth control of the heating power. Stepped control of the heating power may likewise be advantageous. However, this is dynami-cally changeable. Preferably, several different levels of the heating power can be adjusted per rotor blade.
Thus, it is possible to react to different operating conditions. The time constants for the switching on and off usually move in the minutes to seconds range in the case of blade heating of the wind turbines. In the al-ternate, heating power may be controlled by a puls packet controller which is as such known in the art.
Hence, targeted and reliable control of the heating power can be performed.
The distribution of the heating power to the rotor blades is particularly preferably dependent on the ic-ing-up state and/or the temperature of the rotor blades. Coupling the controller of the heating power to said parameters enables corresponding de-icing on the basis of measured data. The de-icing can therefore be done automatically.
Preferably, the total available heating power can be supplied at least temporarily to one rotor blade. This is necessary in order to ensure rapid heating of one of the rotor blades. In the further process of the de-icing, heating power which becomes available can corre-spondingly be forwarded or diverted to other rotor blades.
In particular, the available heating power can be dis-tributed among a plurality of rotor blades. The distri-bution is done, in particular, in a smooth or stepped manner. A smooth distribution assumes smooth control of the heating power. Stepped control of the heating power may likewise be advantageous. However, this is dynami-cally changeable. Preferably, several different levels of the heating power can be adjusted per rotor blade.
Thus, it is possible to react to different operating conditions. The time constants for the switching on and off usually move in the minutes to seconds range in the case of blade heating of the wind turbines. In the al-ternate, heating power may be controlled by a puls packet controller which is as such known in the art.
7 A method for de-icing a wind turbine is disclosed. Thus, in the case of the wind turbine with a rotor and a plurality of rotor blades, at least one de-icing device is provided.
The method is characterized in that the available heating power can be distributed among a plurality of the rotor blades in a dynamic manner. This means that, during the de-icing, a temporary, that is to say dynamic, adjustment of the heating power can be performed. Here, a balanced or unbalanced distribution among the rotor blades is to be enabled. However, distribution to only one single rotor blade may also advantageously occur, in particular if the total heating power is to be used or must be used to heat said blade. Here, too, "dynamic adjustment" or "dynamic adjustability" of the heating power is to be understood as a change or changeability of the heating power of individual rotor blades during the de-icing process, that is to say, in particular, during the operation of the de-icing device. Dynamic use or dynamic distribution preferably relates to allocation of the total available heating power to a plurality of rotor blade with temporally changeable amounts.
The wind turbine or the de-icing device thereof can preferably de-ice a plurality of rotor blades in parallel.
This means, in particular, that a plurality of de-icing processes run in parallel, with the result that the total time for de-icing all of the blades is reduced. Preferably, the de-icing processes even run simultaneously. Thus, the temporal change in the amounts during parallel de-icing processes of a plurality of blades is particularly advantageous.
Preferably, the heating power which is at least temporarily not used for one of the rotor blades is used for at least one other one of the rotor blades in a dynamic manner. This corresponds to the basic principle that
The method is characterized in that the available heating power can be distributed among a plurality of the rotor blades in a dynamic manner. This means that, during the de-icing, a temporary, that is to say dynamic, adjustment of the heating power can be performed. Here, a balanced or unbalanced distribution among the rotor blades is to be enabled. However, distribution to only one single rotor blade may also advantageously occur, in particular if the total heating power is to be used or must be used to heat said blade. Here, too, "dynamic adjustment" or "dynamic adjustability" of the heating power is to be understood as a change or changeability of the heating power of individual rotor blades during the de-icing process, that is to say, in particular, during the operation of the de-icing device. Dynamic use or dynamic distribution preferably relates to allocation of the total available heating power to a plurality of rotor blade with temporally changeable amounts.
The wind turbine or the de-icing device thereof can preferably de-ice a plurality of rotor blades in parallel.
This means, in particular, that a plurality of de-icing processes run in parallel, with the result that the total time for de-icing all of the blades is reduced. Preferably, the de-icing processes even run simultaneously. Thus, the temporal change in the amounts during parallel de-icing processes of a plurality of blades is particularly advantageous.
Preferably, the heating power which is at least temporarily not used for one of the rotor blades is used for at least one other one of the rotor blades in a dynamic manner. This corresponds to the basic principle that
- 8 -the de-icing or heating process is to be accomplished as quickly as possible for the entire wind turbine. For this purpose, it is necessary that part of the electri-cal energy for the heating power is provided for the same purpose in the case of another rotor blade. The aforesaid may occur in particular in the case of a re-duction in the heating power of a rotor blade. Prefera-bly, towards the end of the de-icing process of a rotor blade, a higher heating power can be used for another rotor blade than at the start of the de-icing process for the blade in question. Preferably, a multiple switchover and/or a variable allocation of the heating power between the individual blades can be provided for this purpose. The heating power assigned to the indi-vidual blades can in particular be adjusted smoothly and/or can be stepped in a fixed or flexible manner.
Further preferably, the available heating power is re-duced in the event of another consumer starting up, in particular in the case of a blade angle adjusting de-vice of at least one of the rotor blades being oper-ated. As a result, it is ensured that the components necessary for a frictionless operation of the wind tur-bine can also be reliably operated even in the event of the de-icing device starting up. As a rule, this is only a temporary reduction in the heating power.
The available heating power is distributed to the rotor blades in a smooth or stepped manner. Hence, a corre-sponding dynamic distribution of the available power can take place on the basis of the control used for the heating power of the rotor blades.
At least one control unit is used for dynamically ad-justing and/or distributing the heating power to the rotor blades. Preferably, a phase gating controller and/or a pulse-width controller is used.
Further preferably, the available heating power is re-duced in the event of another consumer starting up, in particular in the case of a blade angle adjusting de-vice of at least one of the rotor blades being oper-ated. As a result, it is ensured that the components necessary for a frictionless operation of the wind tur-bine can also be reliably operated even in the event of the de-icing device starting up. As a rule, this is only a temporary reduction in the heating power.
The available heating power is distributed to the rotor blades in a smooth or stepped manner. Hence, a corre-sponding dynamic distribution of the available power can take place on the basis of the control used for the heating power of the rotor blades.
At least one control unit is used for dynamically ad-justing and/or distributing the heating power to the rotor blades. Preferably, a phase gating controller and/or a pulse-width controller is used.
- 9 -Another preferred embodiment provides that at least two rotor blades are always heated at the same time. Provi-sion is in particular also made for the available heat-ing power to be temporarily allocated to three rotor blades at the same time. This method has the advantage that all of the blades can be heated at the same time until shortly before the temperature at which the ice is expected to drop off. Then, in the case of one rotor blade or two rotor blades, the temperature is increased in a targeted manner by increasing the heating power such that the ice falls off. During a heating process, the rotor is preferably stationary. Preferably, the heated blades are in the lower half of the rotor cir-cle. In particular after successful de-icing of at least one blade, the rotor position is changed by the rotor being turned in order to de-ice the remaining blade or the remaining blades.
The advantage of said method consists in that the pe-nod of time in which it is necessary to stay in the area of the wind turbine which presents a danger to people owing to ice falling off is minimized. In the case of methods known to date, after the first rotor blade has been de-iced, it is necessary to first wait for the heating time of the next rotor blade before the ice can fall off again. The area of the wind turbine must be blocked off for the whole time for reasons of safety. In the case of the method according to the in-vention, the danger time is condensed into a short time interval.
Preferred embodiments of the invention also emerge from the claims.
A preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below on the basis of the fig-ures of the drawing, in which:
The advantage of said method consists in that the pe-nod of time in which it is necessary to stay in the area of the wind turbine which presents a danger to people owing to ice falling off is minimized. In the case of methods known to date, after the first rotor blade has been de-iced, it is necessary to first wait for the heating time of the next rotor blade before the ice can fall off again. The area of the wind turbine must be blocked off for the whole time for reasons of safety. In the case of the method according to the in-vention, the danger time is condensed into a short time interval.
Preferred embodiments of the invention also emerge from the claims.
A preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below on the basis of the fig-ures of the drawing, in which:
- 10 -Fig. 1: shows a front view of a wind turbine, and Fig. 2: shows a diagram of an exemplary de-icing process of a wind turbine.
Figure 1 is a sketch by way of example of a wind tur-bine 10. A rotor 12 is mounted about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation on a nacelle 11. The na-celle 11 is in turn rotatably mounted about a vertical axis of rotation on the tower 13.
In this case, the rotor 12 has three rotor blades 14A, 143 and 14C. The rotor blades 14A, 14B and 14C are fas-tened with one of their two end sections on a hub 15.
The axis of rotation of the rotor 12 runs through the center point of the hub. It is oriented at least sub-stantially horizontally, generally inclined between 30 and 8 with respect to the horizontal, however.
The vertical axis which has already been mentioned above and with which the nacelle 11 is rotatably mounted on the tower 13 enables tracking of the rotor 12 with changing wind direction. Thus, it can be en-sured that the hub 15 and hence the axis of rotation of the rotor 12 is oriented at least substantially perma-nently in the wind direction during operation.
The essential technical systems for operating the wind turbine 10 are arranged in the nacelle 11. These are primarily the rotor mounting, optionally a transmis-sion, a generator which is not illustrated here and some further assemblies and subassemblies. The genera-tor is used to convert the rotational energy of the driven rotor 12 owing to the incident wind into elec-trical energy. A controller ensures the best possible operation of the wind turbine 10.
Figure 1 is a sketch by way of example of a wind tur-bine 10. A rotor 12 is mounted about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation on a nacelle 11. The na-celle 11 is in turn rotatably mounted about a vertical axis of rotation on the tower 13.
In this case, the rotor 12 has three rotor blades 14A, 143 and 14C. The rotor blades 14A, 14B and 14C are fas-tened with one of their two end sections on a hub 15.
The axis of rotation of the rotor 12 runs through the center point of the hub. It is oriented at least sub-stantially horizontally, generally inclined between 30 and 8 with respect to the horizontal, however.
The vertical axis which has already been mentioned above and with which the nacelle 11 is rotatably mounted on the tower 13 enables tracking of the rotor 12 with changing wind direction. Thus, it can be en-sured that the hub 15 and hence the axis of rotation of the rotor 12 is oriented at least substantially perma-nently in the wind direction during operation.
The essential technical systems for operating the wind turbine 10 are arranged in the nacelle 11. These are primarily the rotor mounting, optionally a transmis-sion, a generator which is not illustrated here and some further assemblies and subassemblies. The genera-tor is used to convert the rotational energy of the driven rotor 12 owing to the incident wind into elec-trical energy. A controller ensures the best possible operation of the wind turbine 10.
- 11 -In addition, in general, at least one device for ad-justing the blade working angle, the so-called pitch, is provided. This can adjust in each case the rotor blade position relative to the wind by rotating the ro-tor blades 14A, 14B, 14C about the longitudinal axes thereof. Hence, control of the rotor rotational speed is possible in the optimum range in the case of differ-ent wind speeds. By appropriate adjustment of the blade working angle, it is possible to enable the rotor 12 to be driven and to be stationary.
In the case of low temperatures and corresponding air humidity, ice can form on the surface of the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C. Icing-up of the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C entails various disadvantageous effects. In particular, there is a change in the aerodynamic prop-erties, an increase in weight, rotor imbalances and even possible damage caused by broken ice which falls or is flung away.
Correspondingly, so-called de-icing devices are usually used. These can be used, firstly, to free iced-up rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C of ice and, secondly, to prevent ice from building up again during operation. The de-icing is done by heating the rotor blade surface, with the result that ice is released from the surface by partial thawing. In order in this case to avoid damage to other components of the wind turbine 10 and, in par-ticular, other rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C, the de-icing usually occurs when the rotor 12 is stationary. In this case, in particular, only rotor blades which are point-ing vertically downwards or at least obliquely down-wards are heated for the purpose of de-icing, that is to say generally only those rotor blades which are in the lower half of the rotor circle. In figure 1, this is only the rotor blade 14A. Thus, broken pieces of ice can fall unobstructed.
In the case of low temperatures and corresponding air humidity, ice can form on the surface of the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C. Icing-up of the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C entails various disadvantageous effects. In particular, there is a change in the aerodynamic prop-erties, an increase in weight, rotor imbalances and even possible damage caused by broken ice which falls or is flung away.
Correspondingly, so-called de-icing devices are usually used. These can be used, firstly, to free iced-up rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C of ice and, secondly, to prevent ice from building up again during operation. The de-icing is done by heating the rotor blade surface, with the result that ice is released from the surface by partial thawing. In order in this case to avoid damage to other components of the wind turbine 10 and, in par-ticular, other rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C, the de-icing usually occurs when the rotor 12 is stationary. In this case, in particular, only rotor blades which are point-ing vertically downwards or at least obliquely down-wards are heated for the purpose of de-icing, that is to say generally only those rotor blades which are in the lower half of the rotor circle. In figure 1, this is only the rotor blade 14A. Thus, broken pieces of ice can fall unobstructed.
- 12 -Suitable de-icing devices which are not illustrated in detail here may operate in different ways. In particu-lar, these may be electric heating devices.
By way of example, de-icing devices which operate with warm or hot air are considered. In the case of said de-vices, air is heated using electric heating elements, for instance heating coils or heating filaments. Said heated air is then distributed or circulated in the in-tenor of the respectively heated rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C in order to achieve equal heating of the rotor blades 14A, 145, 14C through which the flow passes.
Alternatively, de-icing of the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C may also be done, for example, by heating the blade surfaces. For this purpose, electric heating elements, for example heating wires, heating lattices or the like, can be embedded in the wall material of the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C. This is often done in the outer layers of the walls. In the walls which generally con-sist of fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP), a layered construction is typical, with the result that the heat-ing elements can be introduced in a simple manner dur-ing production.
So-called heating films for adhering to the rotor blade surface are another possibility. These likewise have electric heating elements, for instance heating wires, heating lattices or the like. By application to the ro-tor blade surface, the assembly can be simplified in comparison with the introduction into the material.
In any case, care should firstly be taken that provi-sion must be made for careful de-icing in order to avoid the stated negative effects. Secondly, limit val-ues, such as maximum temperatures of the materials used, for example, should also be complied with. In the case of FRP, the maximum value is usually at a tempera-
By way of example, de-icing devices which operate with warm or hot air are considered. In the case of said de-vices, air is heated using electric heating elements, for instance heating coils or heating filaments. Said heated air is then distributed or circulated in the in-tenor of the respectively heated rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C in order to achieve equal heating of the rotor blades 14A, 145, 14C through which the flow passes.
Alternatively, de-icing of the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C may also be done, for example, by heating the blade surfaces. For this purpose, electric heating elements, for example heating wires, heating lattices or the like, can be embedded in the wall material of the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C. This is often done in the outer layers of the walls. In the walls which generally con-sist of fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP), a layered construction is typical, with the result that the heat-ing elements can be introduced in a simple manner dur-ing production.
So-called heating films for adhering to the rotor blade surface are another possibility. These likewise have electric heating elements, for instance heating wires, heating lattices or the like. By application to the ro-tor blade surface, the assembly can be simplified in comparison with the introduction into the material.
In any case, care should firstly be taken that provi-sion must be made for careful de-icing in order to avoid the stated negative effects. Secondly, limit val-ues, such as maximum temperatures of the materials used, for example, should also be complied with. In the case of FRP, the maximum value is usually at a tempera-
- 13 -ture of approximately 65 C. Temperatures slightly above this could possibly already lead to irreparable damage to the material. This circumstance should be taken into account in the case of de-icing.
The available heating power is generally limited. In order to operate individual electrical consumers in the region of the rotor 12, a slip ring is usually provided on the rotor 12. This transfers electrical energy from the region of the nacelle 11 to the rotor 12, wherein, normally, said electrical energy is predominantly used for the blade angle adjustment. In order not to have to unnecessarily dimension the slip ring to be oversized only for the de-icing, the available heating power in the region of the rotor hub 15 or the rotor 12 is lim-ited.
The available heating power is thus only just suffi-cient for de-icing one of the present rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C at once. This leads to the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C usually being able to be de-iced only indi-vidually one after the other. In addition, the de-icing generally takes place only at comparatively low tem-peratures to protect the materials used. For these rea-sons, de-icing therefore requires time intervals which may well be in the region from approximately 10 minutes up to 1 hour. The wind turbine 10 does not produce any power in this time interval.
The available heating power is therefore usually firstly used to heat a first rotor blade 14A. Said heated rotor blade 14A is usually pointing downward, as can be seen in figure 1 by way of example. Toward the end of the heating process, that is to say when the ro-tor blade 14A has almost reached its nominal tempera-ture, less heating power is necessary. This is reduced for this purpose. This can be done, for example, by temporarily switching off the heating power for the
The available heating power is generally limited. In order to operate individual electrical consumers in the region of the rotor 12, a slip ring is usually provided on the rotor 12. This transfers electrical energy from the region of the nacelle 11 to the rotor 12, wherein, normally, said electrical energy is predominantly used for the blade angle adjustment. In order not to have to unnecessarily dimension the slip ring to be oversized only for the de-icing, the available heating power in the region of the rotor hub 15 or the rotor 12 is lim-ited.
The available heating power is thus only just suffi-cient for de-icing one of the present rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C at once. This leads to the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C usually being able to be de-iced only indi-vidually one after the other. In addition, the de-icing generally takes place only at comparatively low tem-peratures to protect the materials used. For these rea-sons, de-icing therefore requires time intervals which may well be in the region from approximately 10 minutes up to 1 hour. The wind turbine 10 does not produce any power in this time interval.
The available heating power is therefore usually firstly used to heat a first rotor blade 14A. Said heated rotor blade 14A is usually pointing downward, as can be seen in figure 1 by way of example. Toward the end of the heating process, that is to say when the ro-tor blade 14A has almost reached its nominal tempera-ture, less heating power is necessary. This is reduced for this purpose. This can be done, for example, by temporarily switching off the heating power for the
- 14 -first rotor blade 14A. According to the invention, the heating power which thus at least temporarily becomes available is then used to heat the second rotor blade 14B. This correspondingly applies to the third rotor blade 14C or other rotor blades. For this purpose, the rotor 12 is to be rotated into the appropriate position to allow the rotor blades which are heated at the pre-sent time to point downward.
The reduction and redistribution of the heating power can be done in different ways. In the case of pulse-width modulation, the heating power for the rotor blades 14A and 14B is respectively alternately switched on. In the case of the duty ratio of the pulse-width modulation being modulated, the heating power assigned to the rotor blade 14A thus decreases exponentially while that of the rotor blade 14B increases exponen-tially.
As soon as the rotor blade 14A is at its nominal tem-perature and hence in the de-iced state, the rotor blade 14B can be operated no longer with reduced but now with full heating power. This rotor blade 14B, too, almost reaches its nominal temperature within some time. Then, this heating power is also reduced in order to, initially, temporarily assign the excess heating power to the third rotor blade 14C. Thus, said rotor blade 14C, too, reaches its nominal temperature earlier than in the case of a strictly sequential heating ac-cording to the prior art.
This is illustrated, in particular, in figure 2. In the upper diagram a), the heating power is marked with a 1 for the switched-on state and a 0 for the switched-off state. In each case, the corresponding heating powers at the rotor blades 14A, 14B and 14C are shown as pro-files and denoted by A, B and C. In the lower diagram b) of figure 2, the temperature curves for the three
The reduction and redistribution of the heating power can be done in different ways. In the case of pulse-width modulation, the heating power for the rotor blades 14A and 14B is respectively alternately switched on. In the case of the duty ratio of the pulse-width modulation being modulated, the heating power assigned to the rotor blade 14A thus decreases exponentially while that of the rotor blade 14B increases exponen-tially.
As soon as the rotor blade 14A is at its nominal tem-perature and hence in the de-iced state, the rotor blade 14B can be operated no longer with reduced but now with full heating power. This rotor blade 14B, too, almost reaches its nominal temperature within some time. Then, this heating power is also reduced in order to, initially, temporarily assign the excess heating power to the third rotor blade 14C. Thus, said rotor blade 14C, too, reaches its nominal temperature earlier than in the case of a strictly sequential heating ac-cording to the prior art.
This is illustrated, in particular, in figure 2. In the upper diagram a), the heating power is marked with a 1 for the switched-on state and a 0 for the switched-off state. In each case, the corresponding heating powers at the rotor blades 14A, 14B and 14C are shown as pro-files and denoted by A, B and C. In the lower diagram b) of figure 2, the temperature curves for the three
- 15 -rotor blades 14A, 14B, 140 are shown in parallel to the profiles above and likewise as temporal profiles, like-wise denoted by A, B, C. In contrast to the profile of the first rotor blade 14A, the rotor blades 143 and 140 show a significantly shorter heating process. In addi-tion, the total time for the heating process according to the invention of all three rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C significantly decreases overall with partial heat-ing of other rotor blades 14A, 14B, 14C in comparison with a sequential heating.
Alternatively to a pulsed switching of the heating power for the individual rotor blades 14A, 143, 140, a stepped or smooth adjustment of the heating elements can also be used, in particular with a phase gating controller. Then, the heating powers are each adjusted via the current supply. Specifically, only recurring phase sections of the alternating current are usually used for the heating of a blade, with the result that the heating power is reduced as a result. The excess or used heating power, which is in the form of electric current, in the case of a blade is or can be assigned then to the respective other rotor blades 14B, 140 and 14A.
The above-described method assumes a corresponding de-sign of the wind turbine 10. Correspondingly, a suit-able adjustment possibility or control of the heating power is necessary for the individual rotor blades 14A, 14B, 140. This may be done as described, by way of ex-ample, by pulse-width modulation, phase gating control or the like. Further appropriate methods are also con-ceivable.
In order to be able to operate the controller for the de-icing, it is necessary to determine the respective icing-up state or temperature state of the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 140. In particular, therefore, suitable tern-
Alternatively to a pulsed switching of the heating power for the individual rotor blades 14A, 143, 140, a stepped or smooth adjustment of the heating elements can also be used, in particular with a phase gating controller. Then, the heating powers are each adjusted via the current supply. Specifically, only recurring phase sections of the alternating current are usually used for the heating of a blade, with the result that the heating power is reduced as a result. The excess or used heating power, which is in the form of electric current, in the case of a blade is or can be assigned then to the respective other rotor blades 14B, 140 and 14A.
The above-described method assumes a corresponding de-sign of the wind turbine 10. Correspondingly, a suit-able adjustment possibility or control of the heating power is necessary for the individual rotor blades 14A, 14B, 140. This may be done as described, by way of ex-ample, by pulse-width modulation, phase gating control or the like. Further appropriate methods are also con-ceivable.
In order to be able to operate the controller for the de-icing, it is necessary to determine the respective icing-up state or temperature state of the rotor blades 14A, 14B, 140. In particular, therefore, suitable tern-
- 16 -perature sensors are necessary in the region of the ro-tor blades 14A, 14B, 14C. These are not illustrated in detail but must be suitably arranged in order to be able to give feedback on the prevailing temperatures, with the result that corresponding control of the heat-ing power can take place.
- 17 -List of reference signs wind turbine 11 nacelle 12 rotor 13 tower 14A rotor blade 14B rotor blade 140 rotor blade hub
Claims (26)
1. A wind turbine comprising:
a generator for generating electrical energy;
a rotor for driving the generator, the rotor having a plurality of rotor blades; and a de-icing device for the rotor blades, wherein the de-icing device uses electrical heating power for de-icing the rotor blades and wherein the de-icing device is configured to distribute an available heating power to the rotor blades in a dynamic manner, wherein the dynamic manner of distributing available heating power includes temporarily changing a share of the available heating power distributed to a particular rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades.
a generator for generating electrical energy;
a rotor for driving the generator, the rotor having a plurality of rotor blades; and a de-icing device for the rotor blades, wherein the de-icing device uses electrical heating power for de-icing the rotor blades and wherein the de-icing device is configured to distribute an available heating power to the rotor blades in a dynamic manner, wherein the dynamic manner of distributing available heating power includes temporarily changing a share of the available heating power distributed to a particular rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades.
2. The wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the de-icing device is configured to distribute the heating power to more than one rotor blade among the plurality of the rotor blades at the same time.
3. The wind turbine as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the de-icing device is configured to:
reduce, by a first amount of power, heating power distributed to a first rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades; and supply the first amount of power to at least one other rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades.
reduce, by a first amount of power, heating power distributed to a first rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades; and supply the first amount of power to at least one other rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades.
4. The wind turbine as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the de-icing device is configured to separately distribute a portion of the heating power to each rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades separately.
5. The wind turbine as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the de-icing device comprises a control unit configured to distribute the heating power to the rotor blades.
6. The wind turbine as claimed in claim 5 wherein the control unit comprises a phase gating controller.
7. The wind turbine as claimed in claim 5 wherein the control unit comprises a pulse-width controller.
8. The wind turbine as claimed in claim 5 wherein the control unit is configured to adjust respective heating power of the rotor blades.
9. The wind turbine as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the de-icing device is configured to:
detect unused heating power resulting from disconnection of heating power from a particular rotor blade; and supply at least some of the unused heating power to another rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades.
detect unused heating power resulting from disconnection of heating power from a particular rotor blade; and supply at least some of the unused heating power to another rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades.
10. The wind turbine as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, further comprising a device configured to detect icing-up of the rotor blades.
11. The wind turbine as claimed in claim 10 wherein the device configured to detect icing-up of the rotor blades is further configured to determine an extent of the icing-up.
12. The wind turbine as claimed in claim 11, wherein the de-icing device is configured to distribute the available heating power to the rotor blades in dependence on the extent of the icing-up.
13. The wind turbine as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, further comprising a device configured to measure a temperature of the rotor blades.
14. The wind turbine as claimed in claim 13, wherein the de-icing device is configured to distribute the available heating power to the rotor blades in dependence on the temperature of the rotor blades.
15. The wind turbine as claimed in any one of claims 1-14, wherein the de-icing device is configured to distribute all of the available heating power to one rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades.
16. The wind turbine as claimed in any one of claims 1-15, wherein the de-icing device is configured to distribute available heating power among the plurality of rotor blades in a stepped manner.
17. The wind turbine as claimed in any one of claims 1-15, wherein the de-icing device is configured to distribute the available heating power among the plurality of rotor blades in a stepless manner.
18. A method for de-icing a wind turbine having a rotor with a plurality of rotor blades and at least one de-icing device for the rotor blades, the method comprising distributing available heating power among the plurality of the rotor blades in a dynamic manner, wherein the dynamic manner of distributing available heating power includes temporarily changing a share of the available heating power distributed to a particular rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades.
19. The method as claimed in claim 18, further comprising distributing the heating power to each rotor blade of the plurality of the rotor blades at the same time.
20. The method as claimed in either of claims 18 or 19, further comprising:
reducing, by a first amount of power, heating power distributed to a first rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades; and supplying the first amount of power to at least one other rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades.
reducing, by a first amount of power, heating power distributed to a first rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades; and supplying the first amount of power to at least one other rotor blade among the plurality of rotor blades.
21. The method as claimed in claim 20, further comprising:
sensing starting up of a blade angle adjusting device of one of the rotor blades; and responsive to the sensing, performing the reducing the heating power distributed to the first rotor blade.
sensing starting up of a blade angle adjusting device of one of the rotor blades; and responsive to the sensing, performing the reducing the heating power distributed to the first rotor blade.
22. The method as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein the distributing the heating power among the rotor blades comprises distributing the heating power in a stepless manner.
23. The method as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein the distributing the heating power among the rotor blades comprises distributing the heating power in a stepped manner.
24. The method as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 23, wherein the available heating power is distributed among the rotor blades by a control unit.
25. The method as claimed in claim 24, wherein the control unit comprises a phase gating controller.
26. The method as claimed in claim 24, wherein the control unit comprises a pulse-width controller.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014115883.0A DE102014115883A1 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | Wind energy plant and method for deicing a wind energy plant |
| DE102014115883.0 | 2014-10-31 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CA2910675A1 CA2910675A1 (en) | 2016-04-30 |
| CA2910675C true CA2910675C (en) | 2019-01-15 |
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| US11898542B2 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2024-02-13 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Wind turbine and method of controlling a blade anti-ice system |
| CN112065670A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-12-11 | 神华新能源有限责任公司 | Anti-freezing solution supplementing device for wind turbine generator |
| CN112832961B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-03-08 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Pneumatic deicing system for blades of wind turbine generator and working method of pneumatic deicing system |
| CN113847216B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-09-26 | 远景智能国际私人投资有限公司 | Fan blade state prediction method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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| DE69818992T2 (en) | 1997-05-20 | 2004-07-22 | Thermion Systems International, Stratford | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR HEATING AND DEFROSTING WIND TURBINE BLADES |
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| ITTO20020908A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-18 | Lorenzo Battisti | ANTI-ICE SYSTEM FOR WIND SYSTEMS. |
| ATE430091T1 (en) | 2005-02-09 | 2009-05-15 | Qinetiq Ltd | ELECTROTHERMAL HEATING DEVICE FOR PROTECTING AERODYNAMIC SURFACES FROM ICE AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| GB2463675A (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2010-03-24 | Vestas Wind Sys As | Wind turbine de-icing |
| BRPI0909772A2 (en) | 2009-08-19 | 2015-10-06 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | wind turbine and wind turbine blade ice removal method |
| US20100119370A1 (en) | 2009-11-17 | 2010-05-13 | Modi Vivendi As | Intelligent and optimized wind turbine system for harsh environmental conditions |
| DE102010005286B4 (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2012-05-24 | Repower Systems Ag | Wind turbine with additional consumers, in particular sheet heating device, and operating method for this purpose |
| DE102010013405B4 (en) | 2010-03-30 | 2019-03-28 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Rotor blade for making a rotor blade of a wind turbine |
| EP2526294A1 (en) | 2010-04-12 | 2012-11-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Heating mats arranged in a loop on a blade |
| CN102822516A (en) | 2010-04-12 | 2012-12-12 | 西门子公司 | Controlling of a heating mat on a blade of a wind turbine |
| DE102010015595A1 (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-20 | Aloys Wobben | Method for operating wind energy plant for use with aerodynamic rotor with rotor blade for use in wind farm, involves operating wind energy plant at operating point that is dependent on wind speed |
| NZ602910A (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2014-12-24 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Method for the operation of a wind turbine |
| US8864462B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2014-10-21 | Frontier Wind, Llc | Wind turbine load mitigation device and port configuration |
| FI20110232L (en) | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-11 | Hafmex Oy | Heated wind turbine rotor |
| DE102011086603A1 (en) | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-23 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Wind turbine rotor blade and method for defrosting a wind turbine rotor blade |
| CN104169576B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2017-06-13 | 维斯塔斯风力系统集团公司 | The method that deicing is carried out to wind turbine blade |
| EP2626557A1 (en) | 2012-02-08 | 2013-08-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | De-icing a rotor blade in dependence of a chill-factor |
| DE202012101705U1 (en) | 2012-05-09 | 2012-07-16 | Frank von der Weiden | Rotor blade with a heating device |
| DE102013217774A1 (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-13 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | CIRCUITS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR INTEGRATING DETECTION AND HEATING FUNCTIONS |
| DK2738383T3 (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2016-08-29 | Nordex Energy Gmbh | Wind energy installation rotor blade-with an electrical heating element |
| DE102013003750A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-09-11 | Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg | Rotor blade of a wind turbine |
| DE102013206493A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 | 2014-10-16 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Rotor blade of a wind turbine |
| CN103291560A (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2013-09-11 | 湘电新能源有限公司 | Anti-icing method of carbon crystal and wind power generator anti-icing system employing method |
| EP2826993B1 (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2017-04-12 | ADIOS Patent GmbH | Wind energy plant rotor blade de-icing method and wind energy plant rotor blade de-icing system |
| CN103511196A (en) | 2013-10-28 | 2014-01-15 | 长沙理工大学 | Device for deicing of blade of wind driven generator through hot gas |
| CN103821674B (en) | 2014-01-22 | 2017-04-26 | 刘中威 | Wind generator rotor blade electrothermal ice melting system and manufacture method |
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- 2014-10-31 DE DE102014115883.0A patent/DE102014115883A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2015-10-27 DK DK15191780.4T patent/DK3015707T3/en active
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| CA2910675A1 (en) | 2016-04-30 |
| ES2688051T3 (en) | 2018-10-30 |
| EP3015707A1 (en) | 2016-05-04 |
| DK3015707T3 (en) | 2018-10-22 |
| EP3015707B1 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
| DE102014115883A1 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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