CA2897632A1 - Reduced length and low cobalt content cutters and drill bit made therewith - Google Patents
Reduced length and low cobalt content cutters and drill bit made therewith Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2897632A1 CA2897632A1 CA2897632A CA2897632A CA2897632A1 CA 2897632 A1 CA2897632 A1 CA 2897632A1 CA 2897632 A CA2897632 A CA 2897632A CA 2897632 A CA2897632 A CA 2897632A CA 2897632 A1 CA2897632 A1 CA 2897632A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- bit
- cutters
- substrate
- millimeters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
- E21B10/567—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts
- E21B10/573—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts characterised by support details, e.g. the substrate construction or the interface between the substrate and the cutting element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A cutter for a fixed cutter drill bit includes a substrate and a cutting material surface affixed to one end of the substrate. The substrate comprises tungsten carbide having at least six percent by weight and at most ten percent by weight of cobalt. An overall length of the cutter is at most 10 millimeters. In one embodiment an overall length of the cutter is at most 8 millimeters.
Description
REDUCED LENGTH AND LOW COBALT CONTENT CUTTERS AND DRILL
BIT MADE THEREWITH
Cross-reference to related applications [0001] Not Applicable.
Statement regarding federally sponsored research or development
BIT MADE THEREWITH
Cross-reference to related applications [0001] Not Applicable.
Statement regarding federally sponsored research or development
[0002] Not applicable.
Background
Background
[0003] This disclosure is related to the field of fixed cutter drill bits used to drill wellbores through subsurface rock formations. More specifically, the disclosure relates to structures and compositions of cutters used on such drill bits.
[0004] Fixed cutter drill bits known in the art include a plurality of cutters affixed to a bit body. The bit body has features to enable coupling to a drill string or other drilling tool that rotates the bit and applies axial force so that the bit drills through rock formations to create a wellbore.
[0005] The cutters are typically formed from a substrate in the form of a right cylinder.
A diamond "table" made of polycrystalline diamond, or a layer of other "super hard"
material, e.g., cubic boron nitride, is affixed to one end of the substrate to for the cutting surface of the cutter.
A diamond "table" made of polycrystalline diamond, or a layer of other "super hard"
material, e.g., cubic boron nitride, is affixed to one end of the substrate to for the cutting surface of the cutter.
[0006] Cutters of the foregoing type known in the art have about 12 to 15 percent cobalt content in the substrate. An overall length of the cutter is typically about 13 millimeters, including both the substrate and the diamond table or super hard material layer. Shorter cutters are known in the art, however, they generally are only used either in the very center of the bit, called the "cone" (where torsional loading and work rates are a lot lower) or in either backup positions or gage positions. What are known as "primary"
cutter positions are positions where the cutters are subjected to the most loading (the positions where the cutters are at the front of the blade and are between the center of the bit and the gage of the bit). Primary cutters may be considered any cutter located radially inwardly of the gage and outwardly of the cone. It is not known in the art to use short cutters (i.e., cutters shorter than about 13 mm overall length) in the above-defined primary cutter locations as it is generally believed that there will not be enough surface area for brazing and that will lead to cutters falling out while drilling.
cutter positions are positions where the cutters are subjected to the most loading (the positions where the cutters are at the front of the blade and are between the center of the bit and the gage of the bit). Primary cutters may be considered any cutter located radially inwardly of the gage and outwardly of the cone. It is not known in the art to use short cutters (i.e., cutters shorter than about 13 mm overall length) in the above-defined primary cutter locations as it is generally believed that there will not be enough surface area for brazing and that will lead to cutters falling out while drilling.
[0007] The cobalt content of cutter substrates known in the art is believed to be necessary to provide the cutters with sufficient resistance to brittle fracture during drilling. The overall length is believed to be necessary to provide sufficient surface area to attach the cutter, typically by brazing the substrate to the bit body, so that the cutters will be attached to the bit body strongly enough to avoid being removed from the bit body during drilling.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0008] FIG. 1 shows an example of a fixed cutter drill bit according to the present disclosure.
[0009] FIGS 2 and 3 show different views of a cutter according to the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Detailed Description
[0010] An example fixed cutter drill bit is shown at 10 in FIG. 1. The bit 10 may include a bit body 12 of any configuration known in the art for fixed cutter bits. The bit body 12 may include one or more blades 13, but such configuration of the bit body 10 is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The bit body 10 may have attached thereto one or more cutters 14. The cutter(s) will be further explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. As explained in the Background section herein, the so-called "primary"
cutters 14 are disposed in an area of the bit face wherein the cutters 14 are subjected to the most loading (the positions where the cutters are at the front of the blade and are between the center or cone of the bit and the gage of the bit). Such cutters may be referred to as "primary cutters." Other cutters 14A may be disposed proximate an outer edge of the bit body 12, and may be referred to as "gage cutters." Still other cutter 14B
may be disposed on the "cone" section of the bit proximate the axial center of the bit 10.
Both the gage cutters 14A and center cutters 14B are subject to much lower loading than the primary cutters 14, and may have different material composition and dimensional requirements than the primary cutters 14.FIG. 2 shows a side view of an example cutter 14 according to the present disclosure. The cutter 14 may include a substantially cylindrical substrate 16 with a cutting material surface 18 affixed to one end of the substrate 16. The substrate 16 and cutting material surface 18 may be substantially cylindrical, but the particular shape of the cutter 14 is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The cutting material surface 18 may be made from polycrystalline diamond, cubic boron nitride or other "super hard" material known in the art for cutters on fixed cutter drill bits.
cutters 14 are disposed in an area of the bit face wherein the cutters 14 are subjected to the most loading (the positions where the cutters are at the front of the blade and are between the center or cone of the bit and the gage of the bit). Such cutters may be referred to as "primary cutters." Other cutters 14A may be disposed proximate an outer edge of the bit body 12, and may be referred to as "gage cutters." Still other cutter 14B
may be disposed on the "cone" section of the bit proximate the axial center of the bit 10.
Both the gage cutters 14A and center cutters 14B are subject to much lower loading than the primary cutters 14, and may have different material composition and dimensional requirements than the primary cutters 14.FIG. 2 shows a side view of an example cutter 14 according to the present disclosure. The cutter 14 may include a substantially cylindrical substrate 16 with a cutting material surface 18 affixed to one end of the substrate 16. The substrate 16 and cutting material surface 18 may be substantially cylindrical, but the particular shape of the cutter 14 is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The cutting material surface 18 may be made from polycrystalline diamond, cubic boron nitride or other "super hard" material known in the art for cutters on fixed cutter drill bits.
[0011] In the present example, the substrate 16 may be made from tungsten carbide and have a cobalt content of at most ten percent by weight. In the present example, the substrate 16 may have a cobalt content of at least six percent by weight.
[0012] An overall length of the cutter 14 may be about 10 millimeters, including both the substrate 16 and the cutting material surface 18. The thickness of the cutting material surface may be about 2 millimeters in the present example. The substrate is thus about six millimeters in length. In other examples, the overall length of the cutter may be about 8 millimeters, wherein the substrate is about 6 millimeters in length.
[0013] An oblique view of the cutter 14 is shown in FIG. 3, wherein the substantially cylindrical shape of the present example cutter 14 is clearly visible.
[0014] It has been found through testing that having a cobalt content in the substrate between six and ten percent by weight increases the resistance of the substrate 16 to wear during drilling, but has not resulted in increased incidence of brittle failure.
Correspondingly, the overall length of the cutter 14 of about 8 millimeters has been found to provide sufficient bonding surface area to affix the cutter to the bit body (12 in FIG. 1) without cutters becoming removed from the bit body during drilling.
Correspondingly, the overall length of the cutter 14 of about 8 millimeters has been found to provide sufficient bonding surface area to affix the cutter to the bit body (12 in FIG. 1) without cutters becoming removed from the bit body during drilling.
[0015] A fixed cutter drill bit made according to the various aspects of the present disclosure may have reduced costs of manufacture, and may have longer usable life span than fixed cutter bits known in the art prior to the bit and cutters of the present disclosure.
[0016]
While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this disclosure, will appreciate that other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as disclosed herein. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.
While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this disclosure, will appreciate that other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as disclosed herein. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (14)
1. A cutter for a fixed cutter drill bit comprising:
a substrate; and a cutting material surface affixed to one end of the substrate, wherein the substrate comprises tungsten carbide having at least six percent by weight and at most ten percent by weight of cobalt, and wherein an overall length of the cutter is at most millimeters.
a substrate; and a cutting material surface affixed to one end of the substrate, wherein the substrate comprises tungsten carbide having at least six percent by weight and at most ten percent by weight of cobalt, and wherein an overall length of the cutter is at most millimeters.
2. The cutter of claim 1 wherein the cutting material surface comprises at least one of polycrystalline diamond and cubic boron nitride.
3. The cutter of claim 1 wherein a length of the substrate is about eight millimeters.
4. The cutter of claim 1 wherein an overall length of the cutter is at most 8 millimeters.
5. The cutter of claim 4 wherein a length of the substrate is about 6 millimeters.
6. The cutter of claim 1 wherein the cutter is a primary cutter disposed on a drill bit body radially outside a cone of the bit and radially inside a gage of the bit.
7. A fixed cutter drill bit comprising:
a bit body; and a plurality of cutters affixed to the bit body, each of the cutters comprising a substrate and a cutting material surface affixed to one end of the substrate, wherein the substrate comprises tungsten carbide having at least six percent by weight and at most ten percent by weight of cobalt, and wherein an overall length of each cutter is at most 10 millimeters.
a bit body; and a plurality of cutters affixed to the bit body, each of the cutters comprising a substrate and a cutting material surface affixed to one end of the substrate, wherein the substrate comprises tungsten carbide having at least six percent by weight and at most ten percent by weight of cobalt, and wherein an overall length of each cutter is at most 10 millimeters.
8. The bit of claim 7 wherein the bit body comprises a plurality of blades.
9. The bit of claim 7 wherein the cutting material surface of each cutter comprises at least one of polycrystalline diamond and cubic boron nitride.
10. The bit of claim 7 wherein an overall length of each of the plurality of cutters is at most millimeters.
11. The bit of claim 10 wherein a length of the substrate of each of the plurality of cutters is about eight millimeters.
12. The bit of claim 7 wherein an overall length of each of the plurality of cutters is at most 8 millimeters.
13. The bit of claim 11 wherein a length of the substrate of each cutter is about 6 millimeters.
14. The bit of claim 7 wherein each of the plurality of cutters is a primary cutter disposed on a drill bit body radially outside a cone of the bit and radially inside a gage of the bit.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14/331,761 US20160017665A1 (en) | 2014-07-15 | 2014-07-15 | Reduced length and low cobalt content cutters and drill bit made therewith |
| US14/331,761 | 2014-07-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2897632A1 true CA2897632A1 (en) | 2016-01-15 |
Family
ID=55074152
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2897632A Abandoned CA2897632A1 (en) | 2014-07-15 | 2015-07-13 | Reduced length and low cobalt content cutters and drill bit made therewith |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20160017665A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2897632A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11384601B2 (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2022-07-12 | Precise Drilling Components Ltd | Hole opener for horizontal directional drilling |
-
2014
- 2014-07-15 US US14/331,761 patent/US20160017665A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2015
- 2015-07-13 CA CA2897632A patent/CA2897632A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20160017665A1 (en) | 2016-01-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20200149351A1 (en) | Earth-boring tools including movable formation-engaging structures | |
| RU2721914C2 (en) | Cutting element with multiple beveled surfaces and cutting end of definite shape, and drilling cutting tools containing such cutting elements | |
| US10107041B2 (en) | Drill bit having shear cutters and gouging cutters | |
| US9399892B2 (en) | Earth-boring tools including movable cutting elements and related methods | |
| US20110005841A1 (en) | Backup cutting elements on non-concentric reaming tools | |
| CA2623231A1 (en) | Earth boring drill bits with casing component drill out capability, cutting elements for same, and methods of use | |
| WO2011090618A4 (en) | Earth-boring tools having differing cutting elements on a blade and related methods | |
| US9644429B2 (en) | Specialized bit for challenging drilling environments | |
| SG187724A1 (en) | Shaped cutting elements for earth-boring tools, earth-boring tools including such cutting elements, and related methods | |
| WO2010025313A4 (en) | Drilling out casing bits with other casing bits | |
| US9828810B2 (en) | Mill-drill cutter and drill bit | |
| WO2010014725A4 (en) | Earth boring drill bits with using opposed kerfing for cutters | |
| US20150233187A1 (en) | Frac plug mill bit | |
| US8991526B2 (en) | Drill bit | |
| US9869131B2 (en) | Drill bit | |
| US10000976B2 (en) | Cutting element | |
| CN104364460A (en) | Gage cutter protection for drilling bits | |
| US10392867B2 (en) | Earth-boring tools utilizing selective placement of shaped inserts, and related methods | |
| EP3129577B1 (en) | Ultra-high rop blade enhancement | |
| US20160017665A1 (en) | Reduced length and low cobalt content cutters and drill bit made therewith | |
| WO2011114167A3 (en) | Drill bit | |
| US10344537B2 (en) | Earth-boring tools, methods of forming earth-boring tools, and methods of forming a borehole in a subterranean formation | |
| JP6543297B2 (en) | PDC bit | |
| CA2620711A1 (en) | Shear cutter drill bit |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20180713 |