CA2877914A1 - Circumferential displacement sucker rod tong - Google Patents
Circumferential displacement sucker rod tong Download PDFInfo
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- CA2877914A1 CA2877914A1 CA2877914A CA2877914A CA2877914A1 CA 2877914 A1 CA2877914 A1 CA 2877914A1 CA 2877914 A CA2877914 A CA 2877914A CA 2877914 A CA2877914 A CA 2877914A CA 2877914 A1 CA2877914 A1 CA 2877914A1
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- sucker rod
- tong
- sucker
- rod
- connection
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/16—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints
- E21B19/161—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints using a wrench or a spinner adapted to engage a circular section of pipe
- E21B19/163—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints using a wrench or a spinner adapted to engage a circular section of pipe piston-cylinder actuated
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A sucker rod tong assembly for fastening together sucker rods to rod couplings used in oil wells that is comprised of a two stage mechanical drive mechanism. The first stage fastens the upper sucker rod connection into the lower sucker rod connection. The first stage is limited in mechanical ability to tighten the connection to a pre-set shoulder torque value. The second stage is then hydraulically sequenced and mechanically, using a linear gear drive mechanism in operational connection with the main tong pinion gear rotates the connection through a fixed circumferential displacement to a mechanical stop.
Description
CIRCUMFERENTIAL DISPLACEMENT SUCKER ROD TONG
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention refers to a tool commonly known as a sucker rod tong used for assembling and disassembling threaded sucker rods of oil wells, and more specifically pertains to a linear drive mechanism for the second stage tightening to a circumferential displacement of the sucker rods to a rod coupling.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Oilfield wells include the use of sucker rods consisting of 25 to 30 foot lengths of solid rods with male threads at each end, threaded together into a rod string that connect the downhole oilwell pump to the surface reciprocating drive that in its entirety brings liquid hydrocarbons from deep within the ground to the surface.
Each sucker rod threaded male end is screwed into a rod coupling or collar or box so that the shoulder of each rod end is tightened against the shoulder of the rod coupling. The connected and tightened assembly of sucker rod connected to a rod coupling which is connected to the next sucker rod forms the rod string.
The tightening of each sucker rod threaded connection to a specific circumferential displacement from a hand tight shouldered circumferential position is the method determined by the sucker rod manufacturers to achieve the correct tightness between the sucker rod and the sucker rod collar. Inaccurate tightness of a connection can cause failure of the sucker rod string within the well bore.
Hundreds of sucker rod connections typically comprise a rod string in oilwells. Sucker rod connections are critical to the operational life of a sucker rod string.
Currently hydraulically powered sucker rod tongs are commonly used to assemble and disassemble a string of sucker rods. Current practices involve screwing the sucker rod connections together manually or with hydraulic powered sucker rod tongs to the shoulder of the connection and then without stopping the sucker rod tongs, they apply rotational torque between the upper and lower sucker rod connections using the hydraulically powered sucker rod tong and engage the upper and lower sucker rod segments on their respective mating rod flats to the rod coupling. The rod coupling provides the connection between sucker rods. Activating the hydraulically powered sucker rod tongs rotates one sucker rod thread relative to the other sucker rod thread to achieve a tight connection. As the connection tightens, the tong ultimately stalls at the hydraulic pressure preset by the operator assuming the achievement of a corresponding torque and circumferential displacement movement of the sucker rod connections relative to each other. When the tong rotationally stalls, the operator assumes that the connection has achieved the predetermined circumferential displacement position and is properly torqued.
The position at which the rod connections displace from the hand tightened shouldered circumferential position is not predictable. Frequently, the operator tests the position at which the force of the hydraulically powered sucker rod tongs tightens the connection to and the operator measures that distance in comparison to a known circumferential displacement scale or CD Card. The hydraulic pressure setting of the hydraulic circuit is adjusted to approach the displacement result desired.
This is an inaccurate, unreliable and unpredictable method of achieving a circumferential displacement from a known position. Repeatability of hydraulic relief valves is dependent on oil flow, viscosity and fluid pressure drops. Variations within the relief valves ability to repeat this setting can exceed 10%. The hydraulic motor that delivers the torque to the hydraulically powered tong assembly within its design can vary its output torque given the same input hydraulic pressure throughout 1 revolution of the motor. The motor can have as few as 5 power strokes per revolution and output torque can exceed 20% specifically due to the rotational position that the motor is in as torque is being applied to the sucker rod connections. The force which is required to rotate different sucker rods and couplings can vary significantly resulting in significant differences in final circumferential displacement. The result of the current sucker rod hydraulic powered tongs design is that circumferential displacement of the sucker rod connection from a hand tightened shoulder circumferential position is not predictable or reliable.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Despite the known sucker rod tong assemblies, there still exists the problem of tightening sucker rod connections to an accurate, repeatable and reliable circumferential displacement from a shoulder position.
Accordingly, it is an object of a preferred embodiment of the present invention to consistently achieve a shoulder point of a sucker rod connection by the mechanical and hydraulic force limitations of the first stage of the CD tong drive and to provide a sucker rod tong with the ability to circumferentially displace the sucker rod connection to a position that is a physical, mechanical and adjustable stop achieved by a linear actuator in one continuous movement.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention refers to a tool commonly known as a sucker rod tong used for assembling and disassembling threaded sucker rods of oil wells, and more specifically pertains to a linear drive mechanism for the second stage tightening to a circumferential displacement of the sucker rods to a rod coupling.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Oilfield wells include the use of sucker rods consisting of 25 to 30 foot lengths of solid rods with male threads at each end, threaded together into a rod string that connect the downhole oilwell pump to the surface reciprocating drive that in its entirety brings liquid hydrocarbons from deep within the ground to the surface.
Each sucker rod threaded male end is screwed into a rod coupling or collar or box so that the shoulder of each rod end is tightened against the shoulder of the rod coupling. The connected and tightened assembly of sucker rod connected to a rod coupling which is connected to the next sucker rod forms the rod string.
The tightening of each sucker rod threaded connection to a specific circumferential displacement from a hand tight shouldered circumferential position is the method determined by the sucker rod manufacturers to achieve the correct tightness between the sucker rod and the sucker rod collar. Inaccurate tightness of a connection can cause failure of the sucker rod string within the well bore.
Hundreds of sucker rod connections typically comprise a rod string in oilwells. Sucker rod connections are critical to the operational life of a sucker rod string.
Currently hydraulically powered sucker rod tongs are commonly used to assemble and disassemble a string of sucker rods. Current practices involve screwing the sucker rod connections together manually or with hydraulic powered sucker rod tongs to the shoulder of the connection and then without stopping the sucker rod tongs, they apply rotational torque between the upper and lower sucker rod connections using the hydraulically powered sucker rod tong and engage the upper and lower sucker rod segments on their respective mating rod flats to the rod coupling. The rod coupling provides the connection between sucker rods. Activating the hydraulically powered sucker rod tongs rotates one sucker rod thread relative to the other sucker rod thread to achieve a tight connection. As the connection tightens, the tong ultimately stalls at the hydraulic pressure preset by the operator assuming the achievement of a corresponding torque and circumferential displacement movement of the sucker rod connections relative to each other. When the tong rotationally stalls, the operator assumes that the connection has achieved the predetermined circumferential displacement position and is properly torqued.
The position at which the rod connections displace from the hand tightened shouldered circumferential position is not predictable. Frequently, the operator tests the position at which the force of the hydraulically powered sucker rod tongs tightens the connection to and the operator measures that distance in comparison to a known circumferential displacement scale or CD Card. The hydraulic pressure setting of the hydraulic circuit is adjusted to approach the displacement result desired.
This is an inaccurate, unreliable and unpredictable method of achieving a circumferential displacement from a known position. Repeatability of hydraulic relief valves is dependent on oil flow, viscosity and fluid pressure drops. Variations within the relief valves ability to repeat this setting can exceed 10%. The hydraulic motor that delivers the torque to the hydraulically powered tong assembly within its design can vary its output torque given the same input hydraulic pressure throughout 1 revolution of the motor. The motor can have as few as 5 power strokes per revolution and output torque can exceed 20% specifically due to the rotational position that the motor is in as torque is being applied to the sucker rod connections. The force which is required to rotate different sucker rods and couplings can vary significantly resulting in significant differences in final circumferential displacement. The result of the current sucker rod hydraulic powered tongs design is that circumferential displacement of the sucker rod connection from a hand tightened shoulder circumferential position is not predictable or reliable.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Despite the known sucker rod tong assemblies, there still exists the problem of tightening sucker rod connections to an accurate, repeatable and reliable circumferential displacement from a shoulder position.
Accordingly, it is an object of a preferred embodiment of the present invention to consistently achieve a shoulder point of a sucker rod connection by the mechanical and hydraulic force limitations of the first stage of the CD tong drive and to provide a sucker rod tong with the ability to circumferentially displace the sucker rod connection to a position that is a physical, mechanical and adjustable stop achieved by a linear actuator in one continuous movement.
2 A hydraulically powered sucker rod tong hereinafter referred to as the CD tong that, in its first stage of movement, limits the tightening of the sucker rod connection positively in its achievement to a hand-tight, shouldered circumferential position.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the CD tong comprises a linear geared rack and pinion to provide the second stage of movement drive integrated with the first stage main drive gear of the CD tong that following achievement of a shouldered connection sequentially moves the main gear of the CD tong to a preset distance to a mechanical stop of the linear geared rack that is the circumferential displacement from the shouldered position of the sucker rod connection.
The linear gear drive that circumferentially displaces a sucker rod connection from a hydraulically generated hand tightened position to a specific set distance from that hand tightened position in one continuous movement. The mechanical set point for each size and grade of sucker rod connection is manually adjusted, set and locked for a complete run of one size of sucker rods.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method to tighten two sucker rods around a sucker rod connector after reaching the point of hand tightness, said method comprising the step of actuating a linear gear drive to move to a predetermined position, the linear drive gear being in operational connection with sucker rod tongs, the movement of the linear drive gear actuating a circumferential rotational movement of the sucker rod tongs to a pre-determined position.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a use of a linear gear drive in a sucker rod tong assembly used in oil wells, said linear gear drive is operatively connected to a sucker rod tong adapted to tighten two sucker rods around a sucker rod connector from a hand-tight first position to a predetermined second position by rotating a first sucker rod. Preferably, the linear gear drive is a rack and pinion, however several linear displacement drives could be adapted for use in the CD tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sucker rod tong assembly comprising a linear drive mechanism adapted to tighten a sucker rod to a rod connector from a first hand-tight position to a second predetermined position, wherein the linear drive mechanism is operatively connected to the sucker rod tong such that positive movement of the linear drive mechanism actuates rotational movement of the sucker rod tong to tighten a sucker rod around a sucker rod connector.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the CD tong comprises a linear geared rack and pinion to provide the second stage of movement drive integrated with the first stage main drive gear of the CD tong that following achievement of a shouldered connection sequentially moves the main gear of the CD tong to a preset distance to a mechanical stop of the linear geared rack that is the circumferential displacement from the shouldered position of the sucker rod connection.
The linear gear drive that circumferentially displaces a sucker rod connection from a hydraulically generated hand tightened position to a specific set distance from that hand tightened position in one continuous movement. The mechanical set point for each size and grade of sucker rod connection is manually adjusted, set and locked for a complete run of one size of sucker rods.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method to tighten two sucker rods around a sucker rod connector after reaching the point of hand tightness, said method comprising the step of actuating a linear gear drive to move to a predetermined position, the linear drive gear being in operational connection with sucker rod tongs, the movement of the linear drive gear actuating a circumferential rotational movement of the sucker rod tongs to a pre-determined position.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a use of a linear gear drive in a sucker rod tong assembly used in oil wells, said linear gear drive is operatively connected to a sucker rod tong adapted to tighten two sucker rods around a sucker rod connector from a hand-tight first position to a predetermined second position by rotating a first sucker rod. Preferably, the linear gear drive is a rack and pinion, however several linear displacement drives could be adapted for use in the CD tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sucker rod tong assembly comprising a linear drive mechanism adapted to tighten a sucker rod to a rod connector from a first hand-tight position to a second predetermined position, wherein the linear drive mechanism is operatively connected to the sucker rod tong such that positive movement of the linear drive mechanism actuates rotational movement of the sucker rod tong to tighten a sucker rod around a sucker rod connector.
3 According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for use in the tightening of two sucker rods around a rod coupling, said device comprising a first stage tightening mechanism and a second stage tightening mechanism, where the second stage tightening mechanism is a linear drive mechanism operatively connected to a sucker rod tong and adapted to move the sucker rod tong from a first position circumferential position to a second predetermined circumferential position.
The sucker rod tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention does not require the use of electrical instrumentation rather it effects a positive displacement using mechanical circumferential displacement movement only.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention may be more completely understood in consideration of the following description of various embodiments of the invention in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is an exploded side view of two sucker rods and a rod coupling. The rod coupling is shown in cross section.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the CD Tong Assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the invention and a lower sucker rod (9) with rod coupling engaged with the lower back up wrench of the CD
tong assembly.
FIG. 3 is a front elevation view of the CD tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the CD tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in cross sectional view and the hydraulic cylinder rack gear disengaged from the pinion gear FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the CD tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention with the backup wrench engaged with the lower sucker rod shown in cross section FIG. 6 is a top cross sectional view of the CD tong according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention engaged with upper sucker rod connection in relation to the lower sucker rod connection.
The sucker rod tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention does not require the use of electrical instrumentation rather it effects a positive displacement using mechanical circumferential displacement movement only.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention may be more completely understood in consideration of the following description of various embodiments of the invention in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is an exploded side view of two sucker rods and a rod coupling. The rod coupling is shown in cross section.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the CD Tong Assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the invention and a lower sucker rod (9) with rod coupling engaged with the lower back up wrench of the CD
tong assembly.
FIG. 3 is a front elevation view of the CD tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the CD tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in cross sectional view and the hydraulic cylinder rack gear disengaged from the pinion gear FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the CD tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention with the backup wrench engaged with the lower sucker rod shown in cross section FIG. 6 is a top cross sectional view of the CD tong according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention engaged with upper sucker rod connection in relation to the lower sucker rod connection.
4 FIG. 7 is a top cross sectional view of the CD tong according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tong is engaged and rotating the upper sucker rod connection in relation to the lower sucker rod connection to shoulder without the hydraulic cylinder rack gear engaged with the CD tong pinion gear.
FIG. 8 is a top cross sectional view of the CD tong according to a preferred embodiment, the tong engaged and in rotational movement driven by the hydraulic cylinder rack gear as it is engaged with the pinion gear to a mechanical stop set and locked with a hand wheel or other mechanical adjustment.
FIG. 9 is a perspective top transparent view of the CD tong assembly showing the inner workings of the assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a perspective bottom view of the CD tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
As seen in FIG. 1, the upper sucker rod (8) and the lower sucker rod (9) each include a threaded pin (10) that screws into coupling (11). A shoulder (12) of the upper sucker rod (8) and lower sucker rod (9) is machined to bear against the axial face (13) of coupling (11). The upper sucker rod (8) and lower sucker rod (9) provide a set of wrench flats (15) suitable to be engaged by a sucker rod CD Tong Assembly (14) used for screwing together and tightening the sucker rods.
As seen in FIG. 2, the CD tong assembly (14) according to a preferred embodiment of the invention and a lower sucker rod (9) with rod coupling (11) engaged with the lower back up wrench (17) of the CD
tong assembly (14). To tighten the threaded connection between the upper sucker rod (8) and the lower sucker rod (9) to the required circumferential displacement, first the CD tong assembly (14) is maneuvered to engage with the mating rod flats (15) of the upper sucker rod (8) and the lower sucker rod (9) on either side of the rod coupling (11). Then, the CD tong assembly (14) is activated to rotate the connecting threads of the upper sucker rod (8) and the lower sucker rod (9) into the rod coupling (11) to a hand tight, shoulder circumferential start position. The CD tong assembly's (14) first gear hydraulic motor drive stage (25) does not have the mechanical ability to exceed the rotational forces required to exceed a hand tight connection between the upper sucker rod (8) and the lower sucker rod (9) and the rod coupling. Once the rotational force is achieved to a hand tight shouldered position of the sucker rod connection, a hydraulic sequence valve
FIG. 8 is a top cross sectional view of the CD tong according to a preferred embodiment, the tong engaged and in rotational movement driven by the hydraulic cylinder rack gear as it is engaged with the pinion gear to a mechanical stop set and locked with a hand wheel or other mechanical adjustment.
FIG. 9 is a perspective top transparent view of the CD tong assembly showing the inner workings of the assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a perspective bottom view of the CD tong assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
As seen in FIG. 1, the upper sucker rod (8) and the lower sucker rod (9) each include a threaded pin (10) that screws into coupling (11). A shoulder (12) of the upper sucker rod (8) and lower sucker rod (9) is machined to bear against the axial face (13) of coupling (11). The upper sucker rod (8) and lower sucker rod (9) provide a set of wrench flats (15) suitable to be engaged by a sucker rod CD Tong Assembly (14) used for screwing together and tightening the sucker rods.
As seen in FIG. 2, the CD tong assembly (14) according to a preferred embodiment of the invention and a lower sucker rod (9) with rod coupling (11) engaged with the lower back up wrench (17) of the CD
tong assembly (14). To tighten the threaded connection between the upper sucker rod (8) and the lower sucker rod (9) to the required circumferential displacement, first the CD tong assembly (14) is maneuvered to engage with the mating rod flats (15) of the upper sucker rod (8) and the lower sucker rod (9) on either side of the rod coupling (11). Then, the CD tong assembly (14) is activated to rotate the connecting threads of the upper sucker rod (8) and the lower sucker rod (9) into the rod coupling (11) to a hand tight, shoulder circumferential start position. The CD tong assembly's (14) first gear hydraulic motor drive stage (25) does not have the mechanical ability to exceed the rotational forces required to exceed a hand tight connection between the upper sucker rod (8) and the lower sucker rod (9) and the rod coupling. Once the rotational force is achieved to a hand tight shouldered position of the sucker rod connection, a hydraulic sequence valve
5 automatically shifts and engages the second gear hydraulic cylinder linear drive stage (30) of the CD tong assembly (14) which is the linear hydraulic cylinder (31) driven rack (32) and pinion gear assembly (33). The hydraulic cylinder driven rack (32) then extends, rotating the pinion gear assembly (33) until the hydraulic cylinder driven rack (32) stops against a mechanical stop (34) that has been adjusted to an exact position that is the circumferential displacement from the hand tight shouldered position for the size and grade of sucker rod of the assembly.
In FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 the CD tong assembly (14) includes a rotational upper jaw (1) to engage the upper sucker rod (8) flats (15) and a backup wrench (17) for engaging the lower sucker rod (9) flats (15).
The upper jaw (1) includes one gripper (19) pivotally attached to a gear segment (20) and outer geared ring assembly (22) by way of pins (21). Pins (21) allow gripper (19) to pivot in and out of engagement with the upper sucker rod (8) flats (15), while gear segment (22) renders upper jaw assembly (1) rotationally relative to the CD tong housing (23).
FIG. 2 shows the backup wrench (17) of the CD tong assembly (14) engaged from the lower sucker rod (9). FIG. 3 shows the CD tong assembly (14) disengaged from the sucker rods.
FIG. 4 shows a cross sectional view of the CD tong assembly (14) and illustrates a gear drive train (24) that couples a hydraulic motor (25) to upper jaw (1). The gear drive train (24) includes two drive gears (26) so that at least one of them remains in driving contact with gear segment (22) at all times, as gear segment (22) has a discontinuity or opening (27) for receiving and releasing upper sucker rod (8). The two drive gears (26) reduce drive speed from the input pinion gear (28) to input segment gear (22). A hydraulic motor (25) is coupled to and turns input pinion gear (28) and rotates drive gear train (24) at a reduced speed to provide upper jaw (1) with sufficient torque to be able to screw sucker rods (8) and (9) into coupling (11) to a hand tighten shoulder torque. To disassemble or unscrew at least one sucker rod (8) or (9) from coupling (11), the rotational direction of motor (25) is reversed.
When the hydraulic pressure within the hydraulic system powering the hydraulic motor (25) achieves a set fixed hydraulic pressure a hydraulic pressure sequence valve is activated directing hydraulic oil to a hydraulic cylinder (31) activating that hydraulic cylinder (31) to move a geared rack (32) to a mechanical threaded stop (34) ensuring that the rod connection has achieved circumferential displacement from the hand tightened shoulder position of the connection.
In FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 the CD tong assembly (14) includes a rotational upper jaw (1) to engage the upper sucker rod (8) flats (15) and a backup wrench (17) for engaging the lower sucker rod (9) flats (15).
The upper jaw (1) includes one gripper (19) pivotally attached to a gear segment (20) and outer geared ring assembly (22) by way of pins (21). Pins (21) allow gripper (19) to pivot in and out of engagement with the upper sucker rod (8) flats (15), while gear segment (22) renders upper jaw assembly (1) rotationally relative to the CD tong housing (23).
FIG. 2 shows the backup wrench (17) of the CD tong assembly (14) engaged from the lower sucker rod (9). FIG. 3 shows the CD tong assembly (14) disengaged from the sucker rods.
FIG. 4 shows a cross sectional view of the CD tong assembly (14) and illustrates a gear drive train (24) that couples a hydraulic motor (25) to upper jaw (1). The gear drive train (24) includes two drive gears (26) so that at least one of them remains in driving contact with gear segment (22) at all times, as gear segment (22) has a discontinuity or opening (27) for receiving and releasing upper sucker rod (8). The two drive gears (26) reduce drive speed from the input pinion gear (28) to input segment gear (22). A hydraulic motor (25) is coupled to and turns input pinion gear (28) and rotates drive gear train (24) at a reduced speed to provide upper jaw (1) with sufficient torque to be able to screw sucker rods (8) and (9) into coupling (11) to a hand tighten shoulder torque. To disassemble or unscrew at least one sucker rod (8) or (9) from coupling (11), the rotational direction of motor (25) is reversed.
When the hydraulic pressure within the hydraulic system powering the hydraulic motor (25) achieves a set fixed hydraulic pressure a hydraulic pressure sequence valve is activated directing hydraulic oil to a hydraulic cylinder (31) activating that hydraulic cylinder (31) to move a geared rack (32) to a mechanical threaded stop (34) ensuring that the rod connection has achieved circumferential displacement from the hand tightened shoulder position of the connection.
6 The CD tong assembly (14) geared rack (32) driven hydraulically by hydraulic cylinder (31) engages with pinion gear (28) to displace the connection between the upper sucker rod (8) and the lower sucker rod (9) from a hand tight shouldered torque to a circumferential displacement from the shoulder tight position of the connection. The distance that the geared rack moves corresponds to an accurate circumferential displacement of the connection from the hand tight shouldered torque and is determined by a mechanical threaded stop (34) that is adjusted manually and set by a hand wheel 05). It is unique that the circumferential displacement of the connection is determined by a fixed distance traveled to a mechanical stop by the hydraulic cylinder (31) powered geared rack (32).
Once the connection between the upper sucker rod (8) is circumferentially displaced by a predetermined distance relative to the lower sucker rod (9), the linear gear drive will stop moving.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention are intended to be examples only.
Alterations, modifications and variations may be effected to the particular embodiments by those of skill in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined solely by the claims appended hereto.
Once the connection between the upper sucker rod (8) is circumferentially displaced by a predetermined distance relative to the lower sucker rod (9), the linear gear drive will stop moving.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention are intended to be examples only.
Alterations, modifications and variations may be effected to the particular embodiments by those of skill in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined solely by the claims appended hereto.
7
Claims (5)
1. Method to tighten two sucker rods around a sucker rod connector after reaching the point of hand tightness, said method comprising the step of actuating a linear gear drive to move to a predetermined position, the linear drive gear being in operational connection with sucker rod tongs, the movement of the linear drive gear actuating a circumferential rotational movement of the sucker rod tongs to a pre-determined position.
2. Use of a linear gear drive in a sucker rod tong assembly used in oil wells, said linear gear drive is operatively connected to a sucker rod tong adapted to tighten two sucker rods around a sucker rod connector from a hand-tight first position to a predetermined second position by rotating a first sucker rod.
3. Use according to claim 2 where the linear gear drive is a rack and pinion.
4. A sucker rod tong assembly comprising a linear drive mechanism adapted to tighten a sucker rod to a rod connector from a first hand-tight position to a second predetermined position, wherein the linear drive mechanism is operatively connected to the sucker rod tong such that positive movement of the linear drive mechanism actuates rotational movement of the sucker rod tong to tighten a sucker rod around a sucker rod connector.
5. A device for use in the tightening of two sucker rods around a rod coupling, said device comprising a first stage tightening mechanism and a second stage tightening mechanism, where the second stage tightening mechanism is a linear drive mechanism operatively connected to a sucker rod tong and adapted to move the sucker rod tong from a first position circumferential position to a second predetermined circumferential position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2877914A CA2877914C (en) | 2015-01-13 | 2015-01-13 | Circumferential displacement sucker rod tong |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2877914A CA2877914C (en) | 2015-01-13 | 2015-01-13 | Circumferential displacement sucker rod tong |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2877914A1 true CA2877914A1 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
| CA2877914C CA2877914C (en) | 2021-12-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2877914A Active CA2877914C (en) | 2015-01-13 | 2015-01-13 | Circumferential displacement sucker rod tong |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2877914C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106522862A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-03-22 | 吴立中 | Hydraulic tongs with torque control instrument |
-
2015
- 2015-01-13 CA CA2877914A patent/CA2877914C/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106522862A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-03-22 | 吴立中 | Hydraulic tongs with torque control instrument |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2877914C (en) | 2021-12-14 |
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